Od demobilizacji do zamachu majowego: Wojsko Polskie w latach 1921 - 1926
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| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | Polish |
| Published: |
Warszawa
Wydawnictwo Neriton
2007
|
| Edition: | Wyd. 1. |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Abstract |
| Item Description: | Zsfassung in engl. Sprache |
| Physical Description: | 472 s. 24 cm |
| ISBN: | 9788375430028 |
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Record in the Search Index
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|---|---|
| adam_text | Spis treści
Wstęp
.............................................................. 7
1.
Geograficzne, polityczne i militarne położenie Polski
..................... 14
2.
Konstytucja z marca
1921
r. i inne akty prawne regulujące status pokojowej
organizacji Wojska Polskiego
........................................ 31
3.
Stosunki zewnętrzne
-
sojusze wojskowe
............................... 48
4.
Wojenny pion przygotowań armii
..................................... 72
5.
Organizacja centralnej i terenowej administracji wojska
................... 94
6.
Myśl wojskowa
...................................................128
7.
Doktryna wojenna
.................................................141
8.
Planowanie wojenne
................................................155
9.
Kadra dowódcza, sztabowa i administracyjna
............................177
10.
Kształcenie i szkolenie wojsk
........................................211
11.
Dyscyplina wojskowa
..............................................251
12.
Przemysł zbrojeniowy
..............................................259
13.
Bronie główne
....................................................271
14.
Marynarka wojenna
................................................298
15.
Rodzaje wojsk
....................................................312
16.
Służby
...........................................................334
17.
Korpus Ochrony Pogranicza
.........................................370
18.
Działalność oświatowo-wychowawcza i kulturalna
.......................380
19.
Rola wojska w przygotowaniu obronnym społeczeństwa
...................404
20.
Wojsko
-
instrumentem polityki wewnętrznej
...........................422
Zakończenie
.........................................................435
Bibliografia
..........................................................439
Abstract
.............................................................450
Wykaz skrótów
.......................................................452
Indeks osób
..........................................................455
Indeks miejscowości
...................................................469
Abstract
The peace history of the Polish Army, spanning the years of
1921-1939,
could be categorised into three
distinctive periods:
1921-1926,1926-1935
and
1935-1939.
The present monograph encompasses the first one;
the second period has been presented in the book entitled The Pilsudski s Army. Polish Army in
1926-1939ΊΊΊ
(Wojsko Pilsudskiego. Wojsko Polskie lat
1926-1935);
the third one is at a final stage of preparation. This was
supplemented by another book of the author, presenting the war period of the Polish Army, i.e.: Polish Army
1918-1921
(Wojsko Polskie
1918-1921).
Thus, the whole interwar history of the Polish armed forces is going to
be published, and published by the same Publishing House Neriton .
In
1921-1926
the Polish Army not only underwent demobilization and reduction to a peace footing, but
also worked out systems solutions for its individual organisational structures and developed a model of function¬
ing of its civil representative at the national political authorities. President of the Republic of Poland was ap¬
pointed the head of the military forces, and during peace time they were commanded by Minister of Military Af¬
fairs. The basis was formulated in the Constitution of March
18, 1921.
There were also the efforts to develop
a war system, but in vain, due to the controversy over the form of these authorities and lac
к
of appropriate law
despite the constitutional obligation
-
the main opponent was Marshal
Józef Piłsudski.
The chronological range
begins with the Pilsudski Coup of May
12-15,1926,
that demarcated a new chapter in functioning of the Polish
Army.
The period of functioning of the Polish Army analysed in the book was characterised by multiplanar activ¬
ity of the army. Therefore, the author assumed that it will not suffice to present only the central and local struc¬
tures of the army and its organisational changes, to characterise its arms, forces and services, cadres, training or
technical equipment. Thus the sphere of examined problems was broaden to encompass the legal aspects of func¬
tioning of the army, together with addressing the issues of defence by the Parliament, educational activities,
military thought, war doctrine and war planning, the role of the army in preparation for defence of the society or
the army participation in country s domestic life. One of the analysed aspects was related to the functioning of
the army at an international forum, in its various manifestations. The reflections on the analysed period of his¬
tory of the Polish Army were preceded by a presentation of geographical, political and military circumstances of
the position of Poland as a country placed in specific conditions of Europe of those times.
Peace period of functioning of the Polish Army was characterised by establishing of a high number of the
army
-
ca 30Ü
000 -
which made it a third army in Europe as regards its size, after Russian and French ones. But
its great number was not followed, however, by the quality of its arms and equipments, arid its doctrine of war
was fairy conservative, while traditional organisation lagged behind the changes in European military science
and the war planning by the staffs was inefficient. This was further aggravated by the dissonances in the army
authorities over the lines of its development and its place within in the state.
For the whole interwar period the national armed forces was regarded as a main guarantor of Polish secu¬
rity, counterbalancing weaker points of geopolitical and strategic situation of the reborn Poland (economic inca¬
pacity, internal
déstabilisation,
failures in foreign policy);
al
the same time Poland had high aspirations to play
an important role in European politics.
Abstract
451
It was demonstrated, that the Polish Army in
1921-1926
was directed not only to solve its numerous inter¬
nal problems. It made efforts to influence foreign contacts of the state in a broadly understood security field.
Hence the endeavours to sign military conventions with allies and to search for new ones. The military repre¬
sentatives took an active part in work of the League of Nations on disarmament. They attempted to ensure that
the assumed international obligations would not reduce the security of Poland. They also participated at other
international forums devoted to military issues. The army had its representatives in the General Commissariat of
the Free City of
Gdańsk.
Apart from that, great attention was paid to military intelligence, and in addition, official
one
-
gathered through military
attachés
and through agents.
The Polish Army was divided into ground forces (including the air force) and navy. The latter, although
with a rank of independent force, did not count in military potential of the state. In the ground forces
e
key part
was played by: infantry, cavalry and artillery, while the role of forces (air force, engineering forces, of commu¬
nications, railway, rolling stock and military police) was greatly restricted and was of service character. The same
character was shared by developed military services. The Border Defence Corps established in
1924
formally
was subordinated to the Ministry of Internal Affairs, while in fact it was a military formation dependent in many
areas on the army, thus in the present book it was regarded as an integral part of the armed forces.
The Polish Army, although officially non-political and non-party
-
this was laid down in the Constitution
and minor legal acts
-
did not strictly obey the rules. There were some attempts made to include it in Polish po¬
litical life and finally it was used as an force argument in the Pilsudski s May Coup of
1926,
on behalf of the
significant changes on the political stage. Occasionally it was engaged by the state or department authorities in
realisation of special tasks, thus buttressing other services. Some of its generals and general officers were dele¬
gated to the state administration
-
although it was not a phenomenon on such large scale as after the
1926
Coup.
The author attempted to demonstrate that, in spite of all, in the analysed period the army was subject to the
democratic control of the representative organs
-
Polish Parliament
-
and was involved in politics only in small
degree, apart from the time immediately before and during the May Coup. The armed forces formed a significant
segment of the state and safeguarded its safety. There was a model developed of functioning of the army within
the peace structures
-
apart from deciding on organisation of its chief military authorities. Much was done for
integration of officers cadre and service promotion. Many issues, however, remained unresolved, including the
most important one
-
a low financial status of its cadre and diminishing prestige of the army in public eye.
The present publication is a study based on abundant scientific field of activity, including numerous source
references and informative notes validating the presented opinions and facts. It is also supplemented by a rich
bibliography. The archival notes have current signatures of the files, which is not without acts significance after
the changes made in the Central Military Archives in
Warsaw-Rembertów.
The book is a fruit of the source research, conducted mainly in the archives and selected Polish libraries,
but not only (there were also used the materials captured by the Red Army as a war booty and preserved in ar¬
chives in Moscow) and thorough analysis of the literature on the subject, both Polish and foreign one. The author
was able to reach many unknown or little known sources
-
which concerns mainly a superficially used documents
of the Command of the Military Corps Districts as well as not very exhaustively analysed orders and directives
issued, both on central and local level. The author made also use of unpublished texts, including these produced
at the doctoral seminar conducted by the author. This allowed to verify many common opinions and beliefs pre¬
sented in the historiography. And what is more, a history of the Polish Army was presented in a fairly compre¬
hensive way, exceeding its internal functioning.
The book is structured according to the examined issues and chronology. The examined issues are divided
into chapters, while these present their material in chronological order. There are twenty sub-chapters, encom¬
passing the basic areas of functioning of the armed forces, including many that have been totally ignored in the
literature on this period (as, for instance, military thought, educational activity, cooperation in defence education
of Polish people, military discipline, participation of military men in stale administration), but are of special sig¬
nificance for the reconstruction of its history. Owing to all this, the present book significantly enriches the recent
Polish military historiography and makes an important contribution to the already mentioned attempt at compre¬
hensive study of Polish armed forces of
1918-1939.
|
| adam_txt |
Spis treści
Wstęp
. 7
1.
Geograficzne, polityczne i militarne położenie Polski
. 14
2.
Konstytucja z marca
1921
r. i inne akty prawne regulujące status pokojowej
organizacji Wojska Polskiego
. 31
3.
Stosunki zewnętrzne
-
sojusze wojskowe
. 48
4.
Wojenny pion przygotowań" armii
. 72
5.
Organizacja centralnej i terenowej administracji wojska
. 94
6.
Myśl wojskowa
.128
7.
Doktryna wojenna
.141
8.
Planowanie wojenne
.155
9.
Kadra dowódcza, sztabowa i administracyjna
.177
10.
Kształcenie i szkolenie wojsk
.211
11.
Dyscyplina wojskowa
.251
12.
Przemysł zbrojeniowy
.259
13.
Bronie główne
.271
14.
Marynarka wojenna
.298
15.
Rodzaje wojsk
.312
16.
Służby
.334
17.
Korpus Ochrony Pogranicza
.370
18.
Działalność oświatowo-wychowawcza i kulturalna
.380
19.
Rola wojska w przygotowaniu obronnym społeczeństwa
.404
20.
Wojsko
-
instrumentem polityki wewnętrznej
.422
Zakończenie
.435
Bibliografia
.439
Abstract
.450
Wykaz skrótów
.452
Indeks osób
.455
Indeks miejscowości
.469
Abstract
The peace history of the Polish Army, spanning the years of
1921-1939,
could be categorised into three
distinctive periods:
1921-1926,1926-1935
and
1935-1939.
The present monograph encompasses the first one;
the second period has been presented in the book entitled The Pilsudski's Army. Polish Army in
1926-1939ΊΊΊ
(Wojsko Pilsudskiego. Wojsko Polskie lat
1926-1935);
the third one is at a final stage of preparation. This was
supplemented by another book of the author, presenting the war period of the Polish Army, i.e.: Polish Army
1918-1921
(Wojsko Polskie
1918-1921).
Thus, the whole interwar history of the Polish armed forces is going to
be published, and published by the same Publishing House "Neriton".
In
1921-1926
the Polish Army not only underwent demobilization and reduction to a peace footing, but
also worked out systems solutions for its individual organisational structures and developed a model of function¬
ing of its civil representative at the national political authorities. President of the Republic of Poland was ap¬
pointed the head of the military forces, and during peace time they were commanded by Minister of Military Af¬
fairs. The basis was formulated in the Constitution of March
18, 1921.
There were also the efforts to develop
a war system, but in vain, due to the controversy over the form of these authorities and lac
к
of appropriate law
despite the constitutional obligation
-
the main opponent was Marshal
Józef Piłsudski.
The chronological range
begins with the Pilsudski Coup of May
12-15,1926,
that demarcated a new chapter in functioning of the Polish
Army.
The period of functioning of the Polish Army analysed in the book was characterised by multiplanar activ¬
ity of the army. Therefore, the author assumed that it will not suffice to present only the central and local struc¬
tures of the army and its organisational changes, to characterise its arms, forces and services, cadres, training or
technical equipment. Thus the sphere of examined problems was broaden to encompass the legal aspects of func¬
tioning of the army, together with addressing the issues of defence by the Parliament, educational activities,
military thought, war doctrine and war planning, the role of the army in preparation for defence of the society or
the army participation in country's domestic life. One of the analysed aspects was related to the functioning of
the army at an international forum, in its various manifestations. The reflections on the analysed period of his¬
tory of the Polish Army were preceded by a presentation of geographical, political and military circumstances of
the position of Poland as a country placed in specific conditions of Europe of those times.
Peace period of functioning of the Polish Army was characterised by establishing of a high number of the
army
-
ca 30Ü
000 -
which made it a third army in Europe as regards its size, after Russian and French ones. But
its great number was not followed, however, by the quality of its arms and equipments, arid its doctrine of war
was fairy conservative, while traditional organisation lagged behind the changes in European military science
and the war planning by the staffs was inefficient. This was further aggravated by the dissonances in the army
authorities over the lines of its development and its place within in the state.
For the whole interwar period the national armed forces was regarded as a main guarantor of Polish secu¬
rity, counterbalancing weaker points of geopolitical and strategic situation of the reborn Poland (economic inca¬
pacity, internal
déstabilisation,
failures in foreign policy);
al
the same time Poland had high aspirations to play
an important role in European politics.
Abstract
451
It was demonstrated, that the Polish Army in
1921-1926
was directed not only to solve its numerous inter¬
nal problems. It made efforts to influence foreign contacts of the state in a broadly understood security field.
Hence the endeavours to sign military conventions with allies and to search for new ones. The military repre¬
sentatives took an active part in work of the League of Nations on disarmament. They attempted to ensure that
the assumed international obligations would not reduce the security of Poland. They also participated at other
international forums devoted to military issues. The army had its representatives in the General Commissariat of
the Free City of
Gdańsk.
Apart from that, great attention was paid to military intelligence, and in addition, official
one
-
gathered through military
attachés
and through agents.
The Polish Army was divided into ground forces (including the air force) and navy. The latter, although
with a rank of independent force, did not count in military potential of the state. In the ground forces
e
key part
was played by: infantry, cavalry and artillery, while the role of forces (air force, engineering forces, of commu¬
nications, railway, rolling stock and military police) was greatly restricted and was of service character. The same
character was shared by developed military services. The Border Defence Corps established in
1924
formally
was subordinated to the Ministry of Internal Affairs, while in fact it was a military formation dependent in many
areas on the army, thus in the present book it was regarded as an integral part of the armed forces.
The Polish Army, although officially non-political and non-party
-
this was laid down in the Constitution
and minor legal acts
-
did not strictly obey the rules. There were some attempts made to include it in Polish po¬
litical life and finally it was used as an force argument in the Pilsudski's May Coup of
1926,
on behalf of the
significant changes on the political stage. Occasionally it was engaged by the state or department authorities in
realisation of special tasks, thus buttressing other services. Some of its generals and general officers were dele¬
gated to the state administration
-
although it was not a phenomenon on such large scale as after the
1926
Coup.
The author attempted to demonstrate that, in spite of all, in the analysed period the army was subject to the
democratic control of the representative organs
-
Polish Parliament
-
and was involved in politics only in small
degree, apart from the time immediately before and during the May Coup. The armed forces formed a significant
segment of the state and safeguarded its safety. There was a model developed of functioning of the army within
the peace structures
-
apart from deciding on organisation of its chief military authorities. Much was done for
integration of officers' cadre and service promotion. Many issues, however, remained unresolved, including the
most important one
-
a low financial status of its cadre and diminishing prestige of the army in public eye.
The present publication is a study based on abundant scientific field of activity, including numerous source
references and informative notes validating the presented opinions and facts. It is also supplemented by a rich
bibliography. The archival notes have current signatures of the files, which is not without acts significance after
the changes made in the Central Military Archives in
Warsaw-Rembertów.
The book is a fruit of the source research, conducted mainly in the archives and selected Polish libraries,
but not only (there were also used the materials captured by the Red Army as a war booty and preserved in ar¬
chives in Moscow) and thorough analysis of the literature on the subject, both Polish and foreign one. The author
was able to reach many unknown or little known sources
-
which concerns mainly a superficially used documents
of the Command of the Military Corps Districts as well as not very exhaustively analysed orders and directives
issued, both on central and local level. The author made also use of unpublished texts, including these produced
at the doctoral seminar conducted by the author. This allowed to verify many common opinions and beliefs pre¬
sented in the historiography. And what is more, a history of the Polish Army was presented in a fairly compre¬
hensive way, exceeding its internal functioning.
The book is structured according to the examined issues and chronology. The examined issues are divided
into chapters, while these present their material in chronological order. There are twenty sub-chapters, encom¬
passing the basic areas of functioning of the armed forces, including many that have been totally ignored in the
literature on this period (as, for instance, military thought, educational activity, cooperation in defence education
of Polish people, military discipline, participation of military men in stale administration), but are of special sig¬
nificance for the reconstruction of its history. Owing to all this, the present book significantly enriches the recent
Polish military historiography and makes an important contribution to the already mentioned attempt at compre¬
hensive study of Polish armed forces of
1918-1939. |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| any_adam_object_boolean | 1 |
| author | Wyszczelski, Lech 1942- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)103293345 |
| author_facet | Wyszczelski, Lech 1942- |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Wyszczelski, Lech 1942- |
| author_variant | l w lw |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV023485444 |
| contents | Bibliogr. s. 439-449. Indeksy |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)233485316 (DE-599)BVBBV023485444 |
| edition | Wyd. 1. |
| era | Geschichte 1921-1926 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1921-1926 |
| format | Book |
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| geographic | Polska / polityka wojskowa / 1900-1945 jhpk Polska - polityka wojskowa - 1900-1945 jhpk Polen (DE-588)4046496-9 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Polska / polityka wojskowa / 1900-1945 Polska - polityka wojskowa - 1900-1945 Polen |
| id | DE-604.BV023485444 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T21:39:24Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T21:19:51Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9788375430028 |
| language | Polish |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016667505 |
| oclc_num | 233485316 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 |
| physical | 472 s. 24 cm |
| publishDate | 2007 |
| publishDateSearch | 2007 |
| publishDateSort | 2007 |
| publisher | Wydawnictwo Neriton |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Wyszczelski, Lech 1942- Verfasser (DE-588)103293345 aut Od demobilizacji do zamachu majowego Wojsko Polskie w latach 1921 - 1926 Lech Wyszczelski Wyd. 1. Warszawa Wydawnictwo Neriton 2007 472 s. 24 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Zsfassung in engl. Sprache Bibliogr. s. 439-449. Indeksy Polska / Wojsko Polskie (1918-1939) jhpk Polska - Wojsko Polskie (1918-1939) jhpk Geschichte 1921-1926 gnd rswk-swf Militär (DE-588)4039305-7 gnd rswk-swf Polska / polityka wojskowa / 1900-1945 jhpk Polska - polityka wojskowa - 1900-1945 jhpk Polen (DE-588)4046496-9 gnd rswk-swf Polen (DE-588)4046496-9 g Militär (DE-588)4039305-7 s Geschichte 1921-1926 z DE-604 Digitalisierung BSBMuenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016667505&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016667505&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract |
| spellingShingle | Wyszczelski, Lech 1942- Od demobilizacji do zamachu majowego Wojsko Polskie w latach 1921 - 1926 Bibliogr. s. 439-449. Indeksy Polska / Wojsko Polskie (1918-1939) jhpk Polska - Wojsko Polskie (1918-1939) jhpk Militär (DE-588)4039305-7 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4039305-7 (DE-588)4046496-9 |
| title | Od demobilizacji do zamachu majowego Wojsko Polskie w latach 1921 - 1926 |
| title_auth | Od demobilizacji do zamachu majowego Wojsko Polskie w latach 1921 - 1926 |
| title_exact_search | Od demobilizacji do zamachu majowego Wojsko Polskie w latach 1921 - 1926 |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Od demobilizacji do zamachu majowego Wojsko Polskie w latach 1921 - 1926 |
| title_full | Od demobilizacji do zamachu majowego Wojsko Polskie w latach 1921 - 1926 Lech Wyszczelski |
| title_fullStr | Od demobilizacji do zamachu majowego Wojsko Polskie w latach 1921 - 1926 Lech Wyszczelski |
| title_full_unstemmed | Od demobilizacji do zamachu majowego Wojsko Polskie w latach 1921 - 1926 Lech Wyszczelski |
| title_short | Od demobilizacji do zamachu majowego |
| title_sort | od demobilizacji do zamachu majowego wojsko polskie w latach 1921 1926 |
| title_sub | Wojsko Polskie w latach 1921 - 1926 |
| topic | Polska / Wojsko Polskie (1918-1939) jhpk Polska - Wojsko Polskie (1918-1939) jhpk Militär (DE-588)4039305-7 gnd |
| topic_facet | Polska / Wojsko Polskie (1918-1939) Polska - Wojsko Polskie (1918-1939) Militär Polska / polityka wojskowa / 1900-1945 Polska - polityka wojskowa - 1900-1945 Polen |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016667505&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016667505&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT wyszczelskilech oddemobilizacjidozamachumajowegowojskopolskiewlatach19211926 |