Akty cechów wileńskich 1495 - 1759:
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | Polish |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Poznań
Wydawnictwo Poznańskie
2006
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Abstract |
| Beschreibung: | Zsfassung in engl. u. litauischer Sprache |
| Beschreibung: | XC, [2], 493, [1], 320 s. il. 29 cm |
| ISBN: | 8371775202 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 505 | 0 | |a "Wykaz wydawnictw źródłowych i opracowań cytowanych [...]" s. LXXXV-LXXXVII. | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804137778019041280 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Spis
tresei
Przedmowa
.........................................
VII
Wykaz aktów
........................................xvii
Wykaz wydawnictw źródłowych i opracowań cytowanych
w Aktach cechów wileńskich
..............................LXXXV
Wykaz skrótów
.....................................
LXXXIX
Akty cechów wileńskich, część I
.............................1 -493
Akty cechów wileńskich, część
II
............................1-200
Objaśnienia do indeksów osobowych
...........................201
Indeks nazwisk do części I
.................................205
Indeks nazwisk do części
II
................................261
Indeks nazw geograficznych do części I i
II
........................305
Leidéjii žodis ........................................
313
Editorial Note
........................................317
Editorial
Note
This book is composed of the reprinted version of The Acts of Vilnius Guilds in the
1
5th-
1
8th
(till
1759)
which were published shortly before the outbreak of WWII and were never distrib¬
uted to bookstores and libraries. These acts were collected and prepared for an edition by one
of the most prominent Polish historians
Henryk
Łowmiański
(1898-1984),
who at that time
acted as professor of Stefan
Batory
University in Vilnius
(Wilno)
in
1934-1939
and later, after
WW II, as professor of
Poznań
University. He prepared this edition with the collaboration
of his wife, Dr. Maria
Łowmiańska
(1898-1962),
and professor
Stanisław Kościałkowski
(1881-1960).
He planned to publish the Acts in two volumes, however only the first volume
was printed in its entirety, the second, only in parts. The edition was sponsored by the Society
for Advancement of Studies in Vilnius
(Towarzystwo Przyjaciół Nauk w Wilnie).
Only very few
copies of this book have survived, usually without the binding, title page, introduction or
registers, and are available in very limited number of libraries in Poland and Lithuania.
The current edition, supplemented by an introduction, register of the acts, index of people
and of geographical terms, aims to render the Vilnius Acts accessible to a much larger num¬
ber of historians and researchers interested in the past of Lithuanian capital
—
Vilnius.
The earliest document included in this collection dates back to
1495
when the guilds of
goldsmiths and tailors were established in Vilnius. Initially, the editors planned to include
documents which had been issued till
1795
when the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth had
been partitioned for the third time and the state destroyed by Russia, Prussia and Austria. It
appeared, however, impossible due to outbreak of WW II (Vilnius was occupied by the Soviet
Army, then annexed to Republic of Lithuania). The volume contains all previously published
documents of Vilnius guilds, printed in
extenso
or in an abbreviated form. However, most of
the documents were printed for the first time and their edition is based on the archival copies.
The edited documents regarding various topics were written in various forms. They in¬
clude, e.g. the statutes of a guild, guild s privileges, correspondence between various guilds,
juridical and court acts, guilds addresses to the monarchs, bishops of Vilnius, members of Vil¬
nius chapter, description of guilds houses and their liberties from the state s and town s obli¬
gations, testaments of guilds masters. Most of the documents was composed in Old Polish,
but many were written also in Latin, Old Russian and German.
The edited documents create, first of all, a comprehensive collection for the studies on
Vilnius crafts as well as life of this town in the 16th-18th cent., in particular on ethnic and
religious conditions, organization and functioning of city authorities, city enlargement,
housing, changes in culture, city economical life, everyday life of Vilnius inhabitants, etc.
Keeping in mind the position of Vilnius as the capital of Grande Duchy of Lithuania and (since
31
8
Akty cechów wileńskich
1495-1759
1569)
one of capitals in Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, this town played an important
role as economic and cultural center. It is clear that The Acts can be considered by the schol¬
ars interested in the history of Lithuania and Poland as irreplaceable source edition. But
the richness of documents also allows the comparative studies for historians investigating
various aspects of Central-European history. It is also worth mentioning that this edition
contains documents important for linguistic analyses
—
in particular for the studies on use of
Old Polish in Lithuanian lands in the
1
6th-
1
8th cent, as well as of Old Lithuanian and Old Rus¬
sian (Bialorussian).
The formation and development of the guilds organizations for the crafts in Grande
Duchy of Lithuania showed important evidence of the acceptance of legal and economical
features, created once in Western Europe. Some of these features could be found in Lithuania
as early as the turn of the 14th cent., mainly through the
Livonian
lands and a little later
through Poland. The guilds created in Vilnius at the end of the 15th cent., made a significant
element of city self-government, and were formed according the similar principles as in me¬
dieval Cracow,
Toruń
(Thorn),
Gdańsk
(Danzig), and other cities of the Kingdom of Poland.
On the other hand, these guilds principles were not entirely transferred from Poland to Lith¬
uanian lands. The statutes of the Vilnius guilds were modified and adopted to local tradition,
conditions and needs. It made them so attractive for local craftsmen, tradesmen and mer¬
chants that soon these statutes were repeated or used as an example in other towns and cities
in Grande Duchy of Lithuania (see:
Akty,
No.
48, 217, 228,
and others).
The fast development of the Vilnius guilds took place in the
1
6th cent, and in first half
of the
1
7th cent. By the end of the 16th cent, there were
15
guilds for
27
various crafts in Vil¬
nius. In the mid of the
1
7th cent, the number of guilds increased to
25,
representing at least
44
crafts. The number of guilds in the entire Grande Duchy of Lithuania exceeded certainly
150
guilds in the mid of the
1
7th cent. Besides Vilnius, the largest center of the guilds has been
the city of Mohylow
(21),
when in other big towns (e.g. in Stuck,
Brześć, Kowno)
as many as
a dozen or more.
Besides numerous craftsmens workshops, which usually hired only a few workers, one
could also find many manufacturers in the capital of Grande Duchy of Lithuania. Some of
them can be described as common and typical workshops (e.g., water mill, wind mill, and
others), while the others were unique in the scale of the whole country, e.g., the royal mint
(for some time even two mints existed: a royal and so-called golden mint ), workshops in
which the water-supply pipes were produced, or a bell-foundry established by King
Sigis¬
mund
August.
The destruction of Vilnius in
1655
by the Russian troops meant the decline of local craft
and trade. It did, however, recover gradually and by the end of the
1
7th cent, the number of
guilds in Vilnius surpassed the number of those existing before
1655.
In
1685
there were
36
guilds in this town, representing
73
crafts. These numbers were also repeated a hundred
years later.
The guild s acts were responsible for the various fates of the Vilnius crafts. It is possible
to determine the features that facilitate or restrict the multipartite development of the guilds.
The latter ones were certainly caused by decisions and resolutions passed by the city authori¬
ties. The representatives of rich merchants dominated in the city authorities, they protected
the interests of their own social group and would often compete with the guilds. Another im¬
portant feature that restricted the full progress of the guilds was the competition from the ar¬
tisans who did not belong to any guild
—
so-called
partacze
(living in the town quarters
subordinated to private possessors
—
nobility or churchmen) or Jewish craftsmen. On the
other hand the access to the Christian guild was prohibited for the Jewish craftsmen anyway.
Editorial
Note
зі
9
It is also worth mentioning that the guilds, to which belonged craftsmen of similar profes¬
sions, often competed with each other (e.g. that of tanners and leather s makers).
The documents shed light on many internal events in the guild s life and contain plenti¬
ful notes about their internal organization, economic activity, guild s judicature, relations be¬
tween various groups of guild s members
—
masters, appertences (journeymen) and pupils.
Some of the documents reflect little known aspects or internal appertences organizations
which started to develop from the mid of the
1
7th cent, (so-called friends taverns, friend s
guilds ).
The acts reflect the hardships of life which had to be overcome by a young boy who
wanted to be educated in a craft in order to become a master one day. One of the conditions
imposed on a young teenager before his was nominated a master was a obligation to make
a journey to other towns in Grande Duchy of Lithuania where he had to improve his pro¬
fessional skills. The Acts submit much information about the journey of young Vilnius
journeyman as well as other craftsmen
—
masters and journeymen
—
coming to Vilnius from
other towns, who intended to stay for short time or to settle in the capital of Grande Duchy
of Lithuania. Thanks to these notes one can better understand the reasons and conditions
of craftsmens migrations as well as contacts between capital and smaller towns within Gran¬
de Duchy of Lithuania or, in a broader scale, within Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.
The documents can also be used for statistical analyses. The statutes of the guilds and
other legal acts give us data about numbers of masters, journeymen and pupils in a single
guild or workshop which helps to estimate the level of their production. On the other hand,
the precise requirements regarding the so-called master-piece which should be produced
by a journeyman gave an opportunity to discuss the level of technological development of
a single craft. Some of them were very famous not only in Vilnius, but far away from the town,
mainly thanks to quality of an item produced. It refers to a guild (or workshop) producing
products of use in daily life (e.g., tanners), but also various branches of artistic crafts. The qu¬
ality of these preserved articles produced by Vilnius goldsmiths, watch-makers, artistic pla¬
te-makers is, even today, to be admired.
The specific feature of Vilnius guilds structure was mainly determined by multi-ethnic
and multi-religious character of city life. Among the guilds artisans one could find not only
Poles and Germans (most numerous) but also Lithuanians and Russians. Most often Lithu¬
anians and Poles were Catholic, when the Germans belonged (since the mid of the
Іб 1
cent.)
to the Protestant Lutheran Church. The Russian inhabitants in Vilnius belonged (till the end
of the 16th cent.) predominantly to the Orthodox Church, while in the
1
7th cent, they sided on
the Greek-Catholic Church. The ethnic and confessional structure of a particular guild varied
over the centuries and sometimes changed significantly. On the other hand, some of the gu¬
ilds were ethnically or confessionally monolithic (or almost monolithic). It is worth mentio¬
ning that most of the guilds had been ethnically or confessionally mixed.
The religious and ethnic questions did not have an influence on the guilds and their life.
No serious problem was reflected in the sources in the
16
cent. The existing religious tole¬
rance was visible, for example, in election of the guilds superiors in equal number of the Ca¬
tholics ( Romans ) and the Orthodox ( Greeks ), and then also Protestants in the period of
the Reformation. This situation was changed in the next century as a consequence of evolu¬
tion in religious co-existence in entire Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The non-Catholic
members of a guild kept refusing to participate in Catholic religious celebrations which often
caused misunderstanding. The access to the guilds leadership was limited to the Orthodox at
the beginning of the 17th cent., and later also to the Protestants (in the
1
660s and repeated
many times by the end of the 17th cent.). These limitations, however, were never commonly
320
Akty cechów wileńskich
1495-1759
introduced, but clearly contrasted with the spirit of tolerance typical for the
1
6th cent. Several
serious religious or religious-ethnic conflicts took place in the
1
7th and
1
8th cent, within the
guilds themselves as well as between the Christian and Jewish guilds. The conflicts were the
result of usually, or maybe even mainly, by the economic tensions as a result of the competi¬
tion between craftsmen gathered in guilds organizations and those who worked outside them
or between Christian and Jewish craftsmen producing these same goods.
Discussing the question of ethnic relations within the Vilnius guilds one should note that
the use of the Polish language became very common among the guilds members, dominating
(or even eliminating) the other languages in guilds documents (Latin and Old-Russian).
As it was mentioned before, The Acts are also irreplaceable source
ofinformation
for
the historians researching the religious relations in the town of Vilnius, in particular for these
historians who are interested in the so-called Russian confraternities to which belonged
the Orthodox inhabitants of Vilnius. The vast number of such documents reflects the life
of these organizations which focused on religious, social and philanthropic activity. To some
of these confraternities belonged the craftsmen of a particular profession and their internal
structure was similar to guild s organization. The relations between Russian confraterni¬
ties and guilds have been the subject of historical investigation already for many decades.
The Acts contain the vast number of documents regarding the religious life in the
guilds. The documents refer to the links between guilds and Catholic and Orthodox shrines,
participation of guild s members in church services, dedication of various altars and their
connections with guilds, religious furnishings of church, chapels and shrines, etc. There are
also many pieces
ofinformation
regarding internal customs within the guilds. The formalized
rules of guilds meetings often contrasted with their real course (e.g., heavy drinking, quarrels
and fighting). Equally, the pompous participation of the guilds in public ceremonies (pro¬
cessions, inaugurations of Vilnius bishops, official parades through Vilnius of the monarchs
or high rank administration officers, etc.) sometimes turned into disturbance and tumults.
The history of Vilnius craft was inseparably connected with development of the entire
town. This book allows one to significantly deepen and broaden research topics on the histo¬
ry of practically every aspect of life in the old Vilnius, one of the most splendid towns in Cen¬
tral-Eastern Europe. In order to facilitate the use of the book, some indices were created. The
register of handwritten archival sources as well as index of terms, are planned to be published
as a separate volume, with the cooperation of Lithuanian historians. The reprinted edition of
The Acts was based on the copy preserved at the Library of the Institute of History, Adam
Mickiewicz
University in
Poznań
(call number Na
300/1-2).
Because the whole work has now
been published in one volume, the two parts of this work were consequently numbered in the
title page and in the indices. Introduction and auxiliary registers also published in the intro¬
ductory section of the book were numbered by Roman numbers. The Arabic numbering was
preserved in both part of The Acts (part I: p.
1-493;
part II: p.
1-200),
continued from Expla¬
nations (p.
201
and ff.).
Translated by
Rafał Witkowski
|
| adam_txt |
Spis
tresei
Przedmowa
.
VII
Wykaz aktów
.xvii
Wykaz wydawnictw źródłowych i opracowań cytowanych
w Aktach cechów wileńskich
.LXXXV
Wykaz skrótów
.
LXXXIX
Akty cechów wileńskich, część I
.1 -493
Akty cechów wileńskich, część
II
.1-200
Objaśnienia do indeksów osobowych
.201
Indeks nazwisk do części I
.205
Indeks nazwisk do części
II
.261
Indeks nazw geograficznych do części I i
II
.305
Leidéjii žodis .
313
Editorial Note
.317
Editorial
Note
This book is composed of the reprinted version of "The Acts of Vilnius' Guilds in the
1
5th-
1
8th
(till
1759)"
which were published shortly before the outbreak of WWII and were never distrib¬
uted to bookstores and libraries. These acts were collected and prepared for an edition by one
of the most prominent Polish historians
Henryk
Łowmiański
(1898-1984),
who at that time
acted as professor of Stefan
Batory
University in Vilnius
(Wilno)
in
1934-1939
and later, after
WW II, as professor of
Poznań
University. He prepared this edition with the collaboration
of his wife, Dr. Maria
Łowmiańska
(1898-1962),
and professor
Stanisław Kościałkowski
(1881-1960).
He planned to publish the Acts in two volumes, however only the first volume
was printed in its entirety, the second, only in parts. The edition was sponsored by the Society
for Advancement of Studies in Vilnius
(Towarzystwo Przyjaciół Nauk w Wilnie).
Only very few
copies of this book have survived, usually without the binding, title page, introduction or
registers, and are available in very limited number of libraries in Poland and Lithuania.
The current edition, supplemented by an introduction, register of the acts, index of people
and of geographical terms, aims to render the Vilnius' Acts accessible to a much larger num¬
ber of historians and researchers interested in the past of Lithuanian capital
—
Vilnius.
The earliest document included in this collection dates back to
1495
when the guilds of
goldsmiths and tailors were established in Vilnius. Initially, the editors planned to include
documents which had been issued till
1795
when the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth had
been partitioned for the third time and the state destroyed by Russia, Prussia and Austria. It
appeared, however, impossible due to outbreak of WW II (Vilnius was occupied by the Soviet
Army, then annexed to Republic of Lithuania). The volume contains all previously published
documents of Vilnius guilds, printed in
extenso
or in an abbreviated form. However, most of
the documents were printed for the first time and their edition is based on the archival copies.
The edited documents regarding various topics were written in various forms. They in¬
clude, e.g. the statutes of a guild, guild's privileges, correspondence between various guilds,
juridical and court acts, guilds addresses to the monarchs, bishops of Vilnius, members of Vil¬
nius chapter, description of guilds' houses and their liberties from the state's and town's obli¬
gations, testaments of guilds' masters. Most of the documents was composed in Old Polish,
but many were written also in Latin, Old Russian and German.
The edited documents create, first of all, a comprehensive collection for the studies on
Vilnius crafts as well as life of this town in the 16th-18th cent., in particular on ethnic and
religious conditions, organization and functioning of city authorities, city enlargement,
housing, changes in culture, city economical life, everyday life of Vilnius inhabitants, etc.
Keeping in mind the position of Vilnius as the capital of Grande Duchy of Lithuania and (since
31
8
Akty cechów wileńskich
1495-1759
1569)
one of capitals in Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, this town played an important
role as economic and cultural center. It is clear that The Acts can be considered by the schol¬
ars interested in the history of Lithuania and Poland as irreplaceable source edition. But
the richness of documents also allows the comparative studies for historians investigating
various aspects of Central-European history. It is also worth mentioning that this edition
contains documents important for linguistic analyses
—
in particular for the studies on use of
Old Polish in Lithuanian lands in the
1
6th-
1
8th cent, as well as of Old Lithuanian and Old Rus¬
sian (Bialorussian).
The formation and development of the guilds' organizations for the crafts in Grande
Duchy of Lithuania showed important evidence of the acceptance of legal and economical
features, created once in Western Europe. Some of these features could be found in Lithuania
as early as the turn of the 14th cent., mainly through the
Livonian
lands and a little later
through Poland. The guilds created in Vilnius at the end of the 15th cent., made a significant
element of city self-government, and were formed according the similar principles as in me¬
dieval Cracow,
Toruń
(Thorn),
Gdańsk
(Danzig), and other cities of the Kingdom of Poland.
On the other hand, these guilds' principles were not entirely transferred from Poland to Lith¬
uanian lands. The statutes of the Vilnius guilds were modified and adopted to local tradition,
conditions and needs. It made them so attractive for local craftsmen, tradesmen and mer¬
chants that soon these statutes were repeated or used as an example in other towns and cities
in Grande Duchy of Lithuania (see:
Akty,
No.
48, 217, 228,
and others).
The fast development of the Vilnius' guilds took place in the
1
6th cent, and in first half
of the
1
7th cent. By the end of the 16th cent, there were
15
guilds for
27
various crafts in Vil¬
nius. In the mid of the
1
7th cent, the number of guilds increased to
25,
representing at least
44
crafts. The number of guilds in the entire Grande Duchy of Lithuania exceeded certainly
150
guilds in the mid of the
1
7th cent. Besides Vilnius, the largest center of the guilds has been
the city of Mohylow
(21),
when in other big towns (e.g. in Stuck,
Brześć, Kowno)
as many as
a dozen or more.
Besides numerous craftsmens' workshops, which usually hired only a few workers, one
could also find many manufacturers in the capital of Grande Duchy of Lithuania. Some of
them can be described as common and typical workshops (e.g., water mill, wind mill, and
others), while the others were unique in the scale of the whole country, e.g., the royal mint
(for some time even two mints existed: a royal and so-called "golden mint"), workshops in
which the water-supply pipes were produced, or a bell-foundry established by King
Sigis¬
mund
August.
The destruction of Vilnius in
1655
by the Russian troops meant the decline of local craft
and trade. It did, however, recover gradually and by the end of the
1
7th cent, the number of
guilds in Vilnius surpassed the number of those existing before
1655.
In
1685
there were
36
guilds in this town, representing
73
crafts. These numbers were also repeated a hundred
years later.
The guild's acts were responsible for the various fates of the Vilnius crafts. It is possible
to determine the features that facilitate or restrict the multipartite development of the guilds.
The latter ones were certainly caused by decisions and resolutions passed by the city authori¬
ties. The representatives of rich merchants dominated in the city authorities, they protected
the interests of their own social group and would often compete with the guilds. Another im¬
portant feature that restricted the full progress of the guilds was the competition from the ar¬
tisans who did not belong to any guild
—
so-called
"partacze"
(living in the town quarters
subordinated to private possessors
—
nobility or churchmen) or Jewish craftsmen. On the
other hand the access to the Christian guild was prohibited for the Jewish craftsmen anyway.
Editorial
Note
зі
9
It is also worth mentioning that the guilds, to which belonged craftsmen of similar profes¬
sions, often competed with each other (e.g. that of tanners and leather's makers).
The documents shed light on many internal events in the guild's life and contain plenti¬
ful notes about their internal organization, economic activity, guild's judicature, relations be¬
tween various groups of guild's members
—
masters, appertences (journeymen) and pupils.
Some of the documents reflect little known aspects or internal appertences' organizations
which started to develop from the mid of the
1
7th cent, (so-called "friends' taverns," "friend's
guilds").
The acts reflect the hardships of life which had to be overcome by a young boy who
wanted to be educated in a craft in order to become a master one day. One of the conditions
imposed on a young teenager before his was nominated a master was a obligation to make
a journey to other towns in Grande Duchy of Lithuania where he had to improve his pro¬
fessional skills. "The Acts" submit much information about the journey of young Vilnius'
journeyman as well as other craftsmen
—
masters and journeymen
—
coming to Vilnius from
other towns, who intended to stay for short time or to settle in the capital of Grande Duchy
of Lithuania. Thanks to these notes one can better understand the reasons and conditions
of craftsmens' migrations as well as contacts between capital and smaller towns within Gran¬
de Duchy of Lithuania or, in a broader scale, within Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.
The documents can also be used for statistical analyses. The statutes of the guilds and
other legal acts give us data about numbers of masters, journeymen and pupils in a single
guild or workshop which helps to estimate the level of their production. On the other hand,
the precise requirements regarding the so-called "master-piece" which should be produced
by a journeyman gave an opportunity to discuss the level of technological development of
a single craft. Some of them were very famous not only in Vilnius, but far away from the town,
mainly thanks to quality of an item produced. It refers to a guild (or workshop) producing
products of use in daily life (e.g., tanners), but also various branches of artistic crafts. The qu¬
ality of these preserved articles produced by Vilnius' goldsmiths, watch-makers, artistic pla¬
te-makers is, even today, to be admired.
The specific feature of Vilnius guilds' structure was mainly determined by multi-ethnic
and multi-religious character of city life. Among the guilds' artisans one could find not only
Poles and Germans (most numerous) but also Lithuanians and Russians. Most often Lithu¬
anians and Poles were Catholic, when the Germans belonged (since the mid of the
Іб"1
cent.)
to the Protestant Lutheran Church. The Russian inhabitants in Vilnius belonged (till the end
of the 16th cent.) predominantly to the Orthodox Church, while in the
1
7th cent, they sided on
the Greek-Catholic Church. The ethnic and confessional structure of a particular guild varied
over the centuries and sometimes changed significantly. On the other hand, some of the gu¬
ilds were ethnically or confessionally monolithic (or almost monolithic). It is worth mentio¬
ning that most of the guilds had been ethnically or confessionally mixed.
The religious and ethnic questions did not have an influence on the guilds and their life.
No serious problem was reflected in the sources in the
16'"
cent. The existing religious tole¬
rance was visible, for example, in election of the guilds superiors in equal number of the Ca¬
tholics ("Romans") and the Orthodox ("Greeks"), and then also Protestants in the period of
the Reformation. This situation was changed in the next century as a consequence of evolu¬
tion in religious co-existence in entire Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The non-Catholic
members of a guild kept refusing to participate in Catholic religious celebrations which often
caused misunderstanding. The access to the guilds' leadership was limited to the Orthodox at
the beginning of the 17th cent., and later also to the Protestants (in the
1
660s and repeated
many times by the end of the 17th cent.). These limitations, however, were never commonly
320
Akty cechów wileńskich
1495-1759
introduced, but clearly contrasted with the spirit of tolerance typical for the
1
6th cent. Several
serious religious or religious-ethnic conflicts took place in the
1
7th and
1
8th cent, within the
guilds themselves as well as between the Christian and Jewish guilds. The conflicts were the
result of usually, or maybe even mainly, by the economic tensions as a result of the competi¬
tion between craftsmen gathered in guilds organizations and those who worked outside them
or between Christian and Jewish craftsmen producing these same goods.
Discussing the question of ethnic relations within the Vilnius guilds one should note that
the use of the Polish language became very common among the guilds' members, dominating
(or even eliminating) the other languages in guilds' documents (Latin and Old-Russian).
As it was mentioned before, "The Acts" are also irreplaceable source
ofinformation
for
the historians researching the religious relations in the town of Vilnius, in particular for these
historians who are interested in the so-called "Russian confraternities" to which belonged
the Orthodox inhabitants of Vilnius. The vast number of such documents reflects the life
of these organizations which focused on religious, social and philanthropic activity. To some
of these confraternities belonged the craftsmen of a particular profession and their internal
structure was similar to guild's organization. The relations between "Russian confraterni¬
ties" and guilds have been the subject of historical investigation already for many decades.
"The Acts" contain the vast number of documents regarding the religious life in the
guilds. The documents refer to the links between guilds and Catholic and Orthodox shrines,
participation of guild's members in church services, dedication of various altars and their
connections with guilds, religious furnishings of church, chapels and shrines, etc. There are
also many pieces
ofinformation
regarding internal customs within the guilds. The formalized
rules of guilds' meetings often contrasted with their real course (e.g., heavy drinking, quarrels
and fighting). Equally, the pompous participation of the guilds in public ceremonies (pro¬
cessions, inaugurations of Vilnius bishops, official parades through Vilnius of the monarchs
or high rank administration officers, etc.) sometimes turned into disturbance and tumults.
The history of Vilnius craft was inseparably connected with development of the entire
town. This book allows one to significantly deepen and broaden research topics on the histo¬
ry of practically every aspect of life in the old Vilnius, one of the most splendid towns in Cen¬
tral-Eastern Europe. In order to facilitate the use of the book, some indices were created. The
register of handwritten archival sources as well as index of terms, are planned to be published
as a separate volume, with the cooperation of Lithuanian historians. The reprinted edition of
"The Acts" was based on the copy preserved at the Library of the Institute of History, Adam
Mickiewicz
University in
Poznań
(call number Na
300/1-2).
Because the whole work has now
been published in one volume, the two parts of this work were consequently numbered in the
title page and in the indices. "Introduction" and auxiliary registers also published in the intro¬
ductory section of the book were numbered by Roman numbers. The Arabic numbering was
preserved in both part of "The Acts" (part I: p.
1-493;
part II: p.
1-200),
continued from "Expla¬
nations" (p.
201
and ff.).
Translated by
Rafał Witkowski |
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| genre_facet | Quelle |
| geographic | Vilnius (DE-588)5057560-0 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Vilnius |
| id | DE-604.BV023397201 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T21:22:19Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T21:17:42Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 8371775202 |
| language | Polish |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016580049 |
| oclc_num | 177324355 |
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| owner | DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 |
| physical | XC, [2], 493, [1], 320 s. il. 29 cm |
| publishDate | 2006 |
| publishDateSearch | 2006 |
| publishDateSort | 2006 |
| publisher | Wydawnictwo Poznańskie |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Akty cechów wileńskich 1495 - 1759 zebrał i przygotował do druku Henryk Łowmiański przy współudz. Marii Łowmiańskiej i Stanisława Kościałkowskiego ; przedm. i skorowidzem opatrzył Jan Jurkiewicz Poznań Wydawnictwo Poznańskie 2006 XC, [2], 493, [1], 320 s. il. 29 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Zsfassung in engl. u. litauischer Sprache "Wykaz wydawnictw źródłowych i opracowań cytowanych [...]" s. LXXXV-LXXXVII. Geschichte 1495-1759 gnd rswk-swf Cechy i izby rzemieślnicze / Litwa / Wilno / 1500-1800 / źrodła jhpk Rzemieślnicy / Litwa / Wilno / 1500-1800 / spisy jhpk Cechy i izby rzemieślnicze - Litwa - Wilno - 1500-1800 - źrodła jhpk Rzemieślnicy - Litwa - Wilno - 1500-1800 - spisy jhpk Zunft (DE-588)4068112-9 gnd rswk-swf Vilnius (DE-588)5057560-0 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4135952-5 Quelle gnd-content Vilnius (DE-588)5057560-0 g Zunft (DE-588)4068112-9 s Geschichte 1495-1759 z DE-604 Łowmiański, Henryk 1898-1984 Sonstige (DE-588)101471165 oth Digitalisierung BSBMuenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016580049&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016580049&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract |
| spellingShingle | Akty cechów wileńskich 1495 - 1759 "Wykaz wydawnictw źródłowych i opracowań cytowanych [...]" s. LXXXV-LXXXVII. Cechy i izby rzemieślnicze / Litwa / Wilno / 1500-1800 / źrodła jhpk Rzemieślnicy / Litwa / Wilno / 1500-1800 / spisy jhpk Cechy i izby rzemieślnicze - Litwa - Wilno - 1500-1800 - źrodła jhpk Rzemieślnicy - Litwa - Wilno - 1500-1800 - spisy jhpk Zunft (DE-588)4068112-9 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4068112-9 (DE-588)5057560-0 (DE-588)4135952-5 |
| title | Akty cechów wileńskich 1495 - 1759 |
| title_auth | Akty cechów wileńskich 1495 - 1759 |
| title_exact_search | Akty cechów wileńskich 1495 - 1759 |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Akty cechów wileńskich 1495 - 1759 |
| title_full | Akty cechów wileńskich 1495 - 1759 zebrał i przygotował do druku Henryk Łowmiański przy współudz. Marii Łowmiańskiej i Stanisława Kościałkowskiego ; przedm. i skorowidzem opatrzył Jan Jurkiewicz |
| title_fullStr | Akty cechów wileńskich 1495 - 1759 zebrał i przygotował do druku Henryk Łowmiański przy współudz. Marii Łowmiańskiej i Stanisława Kościałkowskiego ; przedm. i skorowidzem opatrzył Jan Jurkiewicz |
| title_full_unstemmed | Akty cechów wileńskich 1495 - 1759 zebrał i przygotował do druku Henryk Łowmiański przy współudz. Marii Łowmiańskiej i Stanisława Kościałkowskiego ; przedm. i skorowidzem opatrzył Jan Jurkiewicz |
| title_short | Akty cechów wileńskich 1495 - 1759 |
| title_sort | akty cechow wilenskich 1495 1759 |
| topic | Cechy i izby rzemieślnicze / Litwa / Wilno / 1500-1800 / źrodła jhpk Rzemieślnicy / Litwa / Wilno / 1500-1800 / spisy jhpk Cechy i izby rzemieślnicze - Litwa - Wilno - 1500-1800 - źrodła jhpk Rzemieślnicy - Litwa - Wilno - 1500-1800 - spisy jhpk Zunft (DE-588)4068112-9 gnd |
| topic_facet | Cechy i izby rzemieślnicze / Litwa / Wilno / 1500-1800 / źrodła Rzemieślnicy / Litwa / Wilno / 1500-1800 / spisy Cechy i izby rzemieślnicze - Litwa - Wilno - 1500-1800 - źrodła Rzemieślnicy - Litwa - Wilno - 1500-1800 - spisy Zunft Vilnius Quelle |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016580049&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016580049&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT łowmianskihenryk aktycechowwilenskich14951759 |