Kraljevska Gimnazija Karlovac: 1766. - 1884.
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| 1. Verfasser: | |
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Croatian |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Karlovac
Gradska Knjižnica "Ivan Goran Kovačić" [u.a.]
2007
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Abstract |
| Beschreibung: | Zsfassung in dt. und engl. Sprache |
| Beschreibung: | 470 S. Ill. |
| ISBN: | 9789536829606 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804137675446288384 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Krauevska
Karlovac
Sadržaj
Sadržaj
PREDGOVOR
.................................................................................................5
UVOD
..........................................................................................................9
PRVI DIO
RAZDOBLJE LATINSKE GIMNAZIJE
(1766.-1850.)....................21
I. ŠKOLSTVO U
XVIII.
STOLJEĆU
............................................................23
Promjene u srednjim školama
...................................................................25
II.
POČECI GIMNAZIJSKOG ŠKOLOVANJA U KARLOVCU
...........27
1.
Pijarističko razdoblje
.............................................................................27
Z
Franjevci preuzimaju Gimnaziju
.........................................................41
3.
Gimnazija za francuske uprave u Karlovcu
........................................51
III. PRVA POLOVICA
XDCST,
-DJELOVANJE OBNOVLJENE LATIN¬
SKE GIMNAZIJE
( 1813-1850.).............................................................58
LObnova austrijske vlasti u prekosavskoj Hrvatskoj i Karlovcu
...........59
2.
Povratak na latinsku gimnaziju
...........................................................60
3.
Uspon Gimnazije u vrijeme Preporoda
...............................................64
4.
Učitelji i poznati učenici Kraljevske gimnazije Karlovac u
preporodno doba
...................................................................................92
IV.
REFORME SREDNJEG OBRAZOVANJA POLOVICOM
XIX.
ST U
AUSTRIJSKOM CARSTVU
..................................................................121
1.
Reforma austrijskog srednjoškolskog sustava
...................................121
2,
Nastojanja oko reformiranja srednjeg školstva u Hrvatsko)
...........122
DRUGI DIO
KRALJEVSKA GIMNAZIJA KARLOVAC U VRIJEME
MODERNIZACIJE AUSTRIJSKOG I HRVATSKOG SREDNJEG
OBRAZOVANJA
(1850-1883.)..........................................................131
467
Kraljevska
Gimnazja
Karlovac
(1766.-18%$.
SftDÏtZAJ
V.
PREOBRAZBA HRVATSKIH GIMNAZIJA U DRUGOJ POLOVICI
XIX.
ST
....................................................................................................133
1,
Promjene u političkom sustavu Austrijskog Carstva nakon
1849.g
...................................................................................................133
2,
Reformiranje gimnazija u Austriji
.....................................................135
3,
Reformiranje gimnazija u Hrvatskoj
.................................................136
VI.
PRVE GODINE PREUSTROJA KRALJEVSKE GIMNAZIJE
KARLOVAC
( 1850-1860.)...................................................................146
1. Od ilirskog nastavnog jezika do potpune germanizacije
(1850-.......
1854.)....................................................................................................146
A) Kratkotrajno djelovanje šestorazredne latinske gimnazije
.....146
B) Mala
gímnazija-veliki
problemi
.................................................158
C) Kerubin Horvatić preuzima Carsku i kraljevsku malu gimnaziju
.
Karlovac i dovršava njen preustroj prema Osnovi za uređenje
autrijskih gimnazija i realki
.............................................................164
2.
Djelovanje preuređene Carske i kraljevske male gimnazije u vrijeme
..
neoapsolutizma
....................................................................................179
A) Novosti u nastavnim programima, metodici i didaktici
..........179
B) Životna dob i podrijetlo učenika Kraljevske male gimnazije
. 185
C) Obrazovni i odgojni rezultati
.......................................................192
D) Mjesto i uloga vjeronauka u nastavi
...........................................198
Vjeronaučna nastava za pravoslavne učenike
............................200
Vjeronaučna nastava za učenike
izraelitské
vjeroispovijesti....
202
E) Relativno obavezni i neobavezni predmeti
.................................202
F) Značajni gimnazijalci
....................................................................205
G) Učitelji Carske i kraljevske male gimnazije Karlovac
...............213
3.
Posljednje godine germanizacije karlovačke Gimnazije
...................221
VII.
KRALJEVSKA GIMNAZIJA PONOVNO NA PREKRETNICI....
224
1.
Kriza Carske i kraljevske male gimnazije karlovačke
(1860-1861.)..........................................................................................224
2,
Gimnazija na putu potpunog preuređenja
.......................................228
A) Prilagođavanje Gimnazije novom obrazovnom sustavu
........228
B) Prvi svjetovni učitelji i konsolidacija učiteljskog zbora
...........233
468
Kraub/ska
Gimn/vzíja
Karlovac
(1766.-1884^
φ
Sadužaj
C)
Materijalni položaj i opremljenost Gimnazije
...........................245
D)
Postignuća u obrazovanju i odgoju
.............................................250
3.
Prvi svjetovni ravnatelj dovršava preustroj Gimnazije u javnu
srednju školu
.......................................................................................254
A) Prvi svjetovni ravnatelj preuzima upravljanje Gimnazijom
... 254
B) Daljnja sekularizacija Gimnazije
.................................................258
C) Unapređenje nastave i pedagoški napredak Gimnazije
............ 261
D) Osnivanje društva za potporu siromašnih učenika i gimnazijskog
školskog odbora
............................................................................267
E) Josip Kostić-prvi svjetovni ravnatelj Kraljevske gimnazije u
Karlovcu
.........................................................................................270
VIII.
BORBA ZA VIŠU ILI VELIKU GIMNAZIJU
................................273
1,
Kraljevska mala gimnazija
-
javna svjetovna škola
(1869-1878.) 273
A) Konsolidacija svjetovnog učiteljskog kadra
...............................279
B) Nastojanja oko podizanja kvalitete relativno obaveznih
i neobaveznih predmeta
................................................................282
C) Nastojanja oko podizanja kvalitete vjeronaučne nastave
.........289
Vjeronaučna nastava za učenike
izraelitské
vjeroispovijesti....
292
Vjeronaučna nastava za učenike pravoslavne vjeroispovijesti.
295
Vjeronaučna nastava za učenike rimokatoličke vjeroispovijesti299
D) Opremanje knjižnica i kabineta
.............................................305
2.
Borháza
veliku gimnaziju
..................................................................310
A) Prve akcije oko podizanja
maïe
karlovačke gimnazije u veliku310
B) Borba za veliku gimnaziju polovicom sedamdesetih godina
XIX.
st
......................................................................................................313
IX.
KRALJEVSKA (VELIKA) GIMNAZIJA KARLOVAC
.....................327
J. Četiri godine djelovanja Kraljevske velike gimnazije Karlovac
.......327
A) Osiguravanje materijalnih uvjeta rada Gimnazije
....................327
B) Popunjavanje učiteljskog zbora i nastava u novim
okolnostima
....................................................................................338
C) Obrazovni i odgojni rezultati
.......................................................344
Napredovanje učenika u znanju
..................................................344
469
Ί1
Kraljevska
Gimnazja
Karlovac
(1766.-188%^
Ćudorednost i moralno ponašanje učenika
..............................348
Dačko literarno društvo Gundulić
...........................................354
D) Podrijetlo i socijalna struktura učenika
.....................................357
Podrijetlo učenika po mjestu rođenja
.........................................358
Socijalna struktura
.........................................................................362
2,
Ukidanje Kraljevske gimnazije Karlovac i djelovanje nepotpune
gimnazije do kraja šk.g.
1883/84........................................................366
A) Ukidanje Kraljevske gimnazije Karlovac i Kraljevske velike
reálke
Rakovac i osnivanje Kraljevske velike ralne gimnazije
Rakovac
..........................................................................................366
B) Djelovanje nepotpune Kraljevske gimnazije Karlovac
.............370
Djelovanje Gimnazija bez prvog razreda
...................................370
C) Poznati učenici Kraljevske gimnazije Karlovac
.........................387
D) Učitelji Kraljevske gimnazije Karlovac
.......................................395
X.
ZAKLJUČAK
...........................................................................................401
XI.
PRILOZI
..................................................................................................403
1.
UČENICI ZAVRŠNIH RAZREDA KRALJEVSKE KRALJEVSKE
....
GIMNAZIJE KARLOVAC
(1766-1884.)........................................403
2.
Učitelji i profesori Kraljevske gimnazije Karlovac od
$k. g.1820/1821. do šk-g.
1883/1884.................................................421
3.
Kronologija
...........................................................................................432
Izvori i literatura
.................................................................................441
Sažetak
.................................................................................................447
Summary
..............................................................................................449
Zusammenfassung..............................................................................452
Bilješka
о
autorici
................................................................................455
Izvodi iz recenzije dr.sc. Milana Kruheka
........................................456
Mišljenje i ocjena recezenta dr. se. Ivica Goleca
.............................456
Sadržaj
.............................................................................................„..,457
Kazalo imena
......................................................................................457
Kazalo mjesta
.....................................................................................463
Bayerische
Staatsbibliothek
München
I
470
KraUEVSKA
Karlovac
^ч-
■)ídè.(ULO2I
Summary
The beginnings of grammar school education in
Karlovac
can be tra¬
ced back to
1766,
when the Piarists started a two year school with Latin as
the major subject. By
1780,
the Piarists transformed the Latin school into a
five year grammar school, with three preparatory forms and two advanced
forms. The grammar school resembled other European schools of the same
type. It offered classical education based on Latin and Greek, in combina¬
tion with elements of science. That was the start of the Royal Grammar
School in
Karlovac.
The Piarists left
Karlovac
in
1783,
when the grammar school was taken
over by the Franciscans, members of the Croatian and Slovenian Province
of St. Cross. The teaching was carried out in in the cells of refectory of the
Franciscan Convent. With the increase in the number of classes and pupils,
the second floor had to be added to the convent building. The grammar sc¬
hool followed the Austrian educational model. From
1800
onwards, it had
six forms
-
four junior preparatory forms and two senior advanced forms.
Latin was the language of instruction as well as the major subject. The pu¬
pils were also taught catechism, Greek, history, geography and mathema¬
tics. The grammar school was supported and supervised by the
Karlovac
military authorities.
During the short French rule
(1809-1813),
Karlovac
experienced some
aspects of the French educational system. The grammar school was reorga¬
nized into a two year preparatory secondary school and a six year advan¬
ced secondary school. The Franciscans were kept on as teachers. Having
introduced specialized teaching, the school taught French, Italian, Latin,
arithmetics and science.
After the French had left, the Austrian educational model was reintro-
duced along with the classroom teaching methods. In
1820,
the military
authorities left it in the municipal charge. The second floor of the convent
with the belonging furniture and school inventory was now the property
of the town of
Karlovac.
For its support, the grammar school depended on
the Markezi foundation
(est.
1807)
and the town budget. The municipal
authorities decided that the grammar school was to continue following the
Austrian model. The language of instruction was Latin. The major subjects
were catechism, Latin and Greek. Since
1834,
Hungarian was taught as an
obligatory subject. The teachers were the Franciscan fathers, members of
the Croatian and Slovenian Province of St. Cross, mainly Slovenes. A typi¬
cal grammar school candidate was a boy turned ten with completed three
years of elementary school or four years of primary school, who passed the
entrance exam to prove that he could read, write and do sums.
449
i V
.if.
Krauevska
Gimnazija
щ
Karlovac
(1766.-18^4^.
XI^Prilozi
The six year Latin or grammar school existed in
Karlovac
until
1852,
when it was restructured according to the Organizational Instructions for
Austrian Grammar and Secondary Schools , into a four year preparatory
school, the so-called Junior Grammar School The reform was carried out
by the school s longtime headmaster, father Kerubin
Horvatić,
its first Cro¬
atian language teacher and a renowned classics professor. Latin and Greek
still played a prominent role in the curriculum. However, some new su¬
bjects were included, such as Croatian, German, biology, zoology, physics,
chemistry, mineralogy and astronomy. At first the classes were supposed
to be taught in Croatian, but the Franciscans were not its speakers so Latin
remained the language of education, with German gradually taking over.
Between
1854
and
1861,
German became the only language of instructi¬
on.
Changes came about in
1861,
when Croatian became the only langu¬
age of instruction. The Franciscan teachers, who were not its speakers, left
the grammar school and were replaced, for the first time, by lay teachers.
That was the beginning of the secularization of the grammar school and its
transformation into a secular public school. Accordingly, the headmaster s
office was taken over by a lay headmasters,
Josip Kostić
(1865-1868)
and
Ignjat Bartulić
(1868-1884).
The grammar school, which depended on the
Markezi foundation and municipal donations, was now subsidized by the
Kingdom of Croatia and
Slavonia.
With the opening of the fifth form, the
Royal Grammar School in
Karlovac
was promoted into an advanced gra¬
mmar school in
1878.
In
1882,
the grammar school had eight forms. It was
then that the first final exams were taken. The teaching was still done on
the second floor of the Franciscan Convent. To make room for additional
classes, the school was granted rooms on the first and ground floors.
In August
1882,
it was decided to establish a new type of secondary
school in the nearby Rakovac
-
the Royal Advanced Grammar School. This
eventually led to the closing down of the Royal Grammar School in
Kar¬
lovac
and the old school in Rakovac
(est.
1863)
and their merging into the
newly founded school. The Royal Grammar School in the Franciscan Con¬
vent went on with its work, gradually losing its junior forms, until March
1,
1884,
when it moved to Rakovac into a new wing of the old school building.
That was the end of the Royal Grammar School in
Karlovac
as an indepen¬
dent secondary education institution.
From its beginnings in
1766,
until the end of its autonomous existence
in
1884,
the Royal Grammar School in
Karlovac
evolved in the same way
as other grammar schools in our country. There is, however, a difference. It
was the only school that temporarily adopted the French educational mo¬
del. Therefore, the process of application of Organizational Instructions
for Austrian Grammar and Secondary Schools and the school s transfor¬
mation into an advanced grammar school was the longest and most diffi-
450
f
Kraljevska
mní^üa
Karlovac
(1766.-1884.-)
cult one. Nevertheless, the Royal Grammar School in
Karlovac
educated
some extraordinary people who influenced our cultural and political hi¬
story, which leads us to a conclusion that it was a respectable school, whose
teaching standards were in full keeping with the most progressive educati¬
onal methods of the time.
451
Kraljevska Gimnazija
Karlovac
(1766.-
1884г)
Jili-łfitULOZl
Zusammenfassung
Als Gründungsjahr des Karlovacer Gymnasiums können wir das Jahr
1766 betrachten, als die Mitglieder des Piaristenordens zwei Schulklassen
geöffnet haben, wo das Hauptfach Latein war. Die Piaristen haben diese
Schule in ein volles Gymnasium mit fünf Klassen, drei unteren grammati¬
kalischen und zwei höheren humanitären Klassen, entwickelt. Das Gymna¬
sium war als andere ähnliche europäische Schulen geordnet. Die Schüler
werden auf Grund der lateinischen und griechischen Sprache mit einigen
naturwissenschaftlichen Teilen ausgebildet. Das war der Beginn des Köni¬
glichen Gymnasiums in
Karlovac.
Die Piaristen verlassen
Karlovac
1783, und das Gymnasium über¬
nehmen die Franziskaner die Mitglieder des Kroatisch - slowenischen
Provinz des Heiligen Kreuzes. Der Unterricht wird in Zellen und im Re¬
fektorium des Franziskaner Klosters organisiert. Als die Zahl der Klassen
und der Schüler
grosser
wurde, wurde der zweite Stock des Klosters ange¬
baut. In der Schule gelten österreichische Schulgesetze. Seit 1800 hat das
Gymnasium sechs Klassen, vier untere grammatikalische und zwei untere
humanitäre Klassen. Das Hauptfach und die Unterrichtssprache ist Late¬
in, und es gibt noch Religionslehre, Griechisch, Geschichte, Erdkunde und
Mathematik. Das Gymnasium unterhält und beaufsichtigt das Karlovacer
Generalat.
Während der kurzen französischen Regierung (1809-1813) wird in
Karlovac
das französische System eingeführt. Das Gymnasium wird in die
zweijährige niedrigere Mittel-Schule und sechsjährige höhere Mittelschu¬
le, das Lyzeum, umgeordnet, Die Lehrer sind noch Franziskaner. Es wird
Fachunterricht eingeführt: Französisch, Italienisch und Latein, Arithmetik,
Theorie von Gewichten und andere naturwissenschaftliche Fächer.
dem Abzug der Franzosen wird wieder das österreichische Schulsy¬
stem zurückge-geben: sechs Klassen und Klassenunterricht. Das Karlova¬
cer
Generalat
übergibt das Gymna-sium 1820 der Behörde der Stadt
Kar¬
lovac,
und der zweite Stock des Klosters, die Möbel und das Schulinventar
wird der Besitz der Stadt. Das Gymnasium wird von Zinsen der Markezi
- Stiftung ( gegründet 1807 ) und von dem Stadtvoranschlag finanziert
Die Stadtbehörde entscheidet,
dass
das Gymnasium verpflichtet ist, wieder
nach österreichischen Schulgesetzen zu arbeiten. Die Unterrichtssprache
ist Latein, die Hauptfächer sind Religionslehre, Latein und Griechisch, und
seit 1834 lernt man Ungarisch als Pflichtfach. Die Lehrer sind auch wei¬
ter Franziskaner, die Mitglieder der Kroatisch - slowenischen Provinz des
Heiligen Kreuzes, überwiegend Slowenen. Ein Gymnasialschüler kann ein
10-jähriger Junge werden, der drei Klassen der Trivial- oder vier Klassen
452
Kraljevska ^
Karlovac
(1766.-188^),
I
der Hauptschule beendet und die Aufnahme-prüfung bestanden hat, und
damit hat er gezeigt,
dass
er lesen, schreiben
un
rechnen kann.
Sechsklassige Lateinschule oder Gymnasium besteht in
Karlovac
bis
1852, und dann wird sie nach dem „Entwurf der Organisation der österrei¬
chischen Gymnasien und der Realschulen in die vierklassige niedere Mi¬
ttelschule, in das sogenannte kleine Gymnasium umgeordnet. Die Umor¬
dnung nach dem neuen Gesetz hat sein langjähriger Leiter Vater Kerubin
Horvatić
durchgeführt, der erste Lehrer der kroatischen Sprache im Gy¬
mnasium und der geschätzte Lehrer der klassischen Sprachen. Klassische
Sprachen sind auch weiter im Unterrichtspro-gramm am meisten vertre¬
ten. Es werden auch neue
Schulfácher
eingeführt: Kroatisch, Deutsch und
Naturgeschichte, in der auch Biologie, Zoologie, Physik, Chemie, Mine¬
ralogie und Elemente der Astronomie gelernt werden. Am Anfang sollte
man in kroatischer Sprache unterrichten, aber da die Karlovacer Lehrer
Franziskaner Kroatisch nicht konnten, wird der Unterricht weiter in Latein
und öfter in Deutsch durchgeführt. Seit 1854 - 1861 ist Deutsch die einzige
Unterrichtssprache.
Die Änderung beginnt 1861. Dann wird Kroatisch die einzige Unterri¬
chtssprache. Die Lehrer - Franziskaner, die Kroatisch nicht können, ver¬
lassen das Gymnasium, und dann kommen die ersten weltlichen Lehrer
für Pflichtfacher. Set dieser Zeit beginnt allmählich die Säkularisation des
Gymnasiums und seine Umgestaltung in eine wahre öffentliche weltliche
Schule. Das Gyrnnasiun übernehmen weltliche Leiter,
Josip Kostić
von
1865 - 1868 und
Ignjat Bartulić
von 1868 - 1884. Das Gymnasium wird
weiter von der Markezi - Stiftung, von dem Stadtvoranschlag und von der
Stadtkasse des Königstums Kroatien und Slavonien finanziert.
Karlovac
wird 1878 durch die fünfte Klasse auf das
grosse
oder höhere Gymnasi¬
um erhöht. Den vollen Umfang von acht Klassen erlebt das Gymnasium
1882. Dann werden im Gymnasium auch die ersten Abschlussprüfungen
abgehalten. Es wird auch weiter im zweiten Stock des Franziskaner Klosters
unterrichtet. Für den Bedarf der neuen Klassen überlässt das Kloster die
Räume im ersen Stock und im Erdgeschoss.
Im August 1882 wird entschieden, in der Nähe, in Rakovac, einen neu¬
en Typ der Mittelschule zu gründen: Königliches
grosses
Realgymnasium.
Königliches Gymnasium
Karlovac
und Königliche Oberrealschule Rako¬
vac (gegründet 1863) sollten für ungültig erklärt und zur neuen Schule
eingeschlossen werden. Königliches Gymnasium
Karlovac
arbeitet weiter,
verliert aber allmählich niedrigere Klassen, im zweiten Stock des Franzi¬
skaner Klosters bis zum
L
März 1884 und wird mit anderen Klassen ins
fertiggebaute Gebäude der Königlichen Oberrealschule in Rakovac umge¬
zogen. Damit hört Königliches Gymnasium
Karlovac
als selbständige Mi¬
ttelschulanstalt mit der Arbeit auf.
453
Kraljevska Gm^a
Karlovac
(1766.-іа$Цї&
Seit dem Gründungsjahr 1766 bis 1884 vergeht Königliches Gymna¬
sium
Karlovac
den gleichen Entwicklungsgang wie auch andere Gymna¬
sien auf unserem Boden. Es unterscheidet sich doch ein wenig. Wahrend
der kurzen französischen Regierung arbeitete es nach dem französischen
Schulsystem, und sein Gang zur Organisation in ein
grosses
oder höheres
Gymnasium nach dem „Entwurf der Organisation der österreichischen
Gymnasien und Realschulen war am längsten und am schwersten. Trotz
allem werden im Königlichen Gymnasium
Karlovac
hervorragende Leute
ausgebildet, die unsere kulturelle und politische Geschichte bezeichnen,
was uns Recht gibt, zu schliessen,
dass
es eine angesehene Schule ihrer Zeit
war, in der Unterrichtsvorgänge nach damals zeitgenössischen Methoden
der Erziehung und Ausbildung ausgeführt waren.
454
|
| adam_txt |
Krauevska
Karlovac
Sadržaj
Sadržaj
PREDGOVOR
.5
UVOD
.9
PRVI DIO
RAZDOBLJE LATINSKE GIMNAZIJE
(1766.-1850.).21
I. ŠKOLSTVO U
XVIII.
STOLJEĆU
.23
Promjene u srednjim školama
.25
II.
POČECI GIMNAZIJSKOG ŠKOLOVANJA U KARLOVCU
.27
1.
Pijarističko razdoblje
.27
Z
Franjevci preuzimaju Gimnaziju
.41
3.
Gimnazija za francuske uprave u Karlovcu
.51
III. PRVA POLOVICA
XDCST,
-DJELOVANJE OBNOVLJENE LATIN¬
SKE GIMNAZIJE
( 1813-1850.).58
LObnova austrijske vlasti u prekosavskoj Hrvatskoj i Karlovcu
.59
2.
Povratak na latinsku gimnaziju
.60
3.
Uspon Gimnazije u vrijeme Preporoda
.64
4.
Učitelji i poznati učenici Kraljevske gimnazije Karlovac u
preporodno doba
.92
IV.
REFORME SREDNJEG OBRAZOVANJA POLOVICOM
XIX.
ST U
AUSTRIJSKOM CARSTVU
.121
1.
Reforma austrijskog srednjoškolskog sustava
.121
2,
Nastojanja oko reformiranja srednjeg školstva u Hrvatsko)
.122
DRUGI DIO
KRALJEVSKA GIMNAZIJA KARLOVAC U VRIJEME
MODERNIZACIJE AUSTRIJSKOG I HRVATSKOG SREDNJEG
OBRAZOVANJA
(1850-1883.).131
467
Kraljevska
Gimnazja
Karlovac
(1766.-18%$.
SftDÏtZAJ
V.
PREOBRAZBA HRVATSKIH GIMNAZIJA U DRUGOJ POLOVICI
XIX.
ST
.133
1,
Promjene u političkom sustavu Austrijskog Carstva nakon
1849.g
.133
2,
Reformiranje gimnazija u Austriji
.135
3,
Reformiranje gimnazija u Hrvatskoj
.136
VI.
PRVE GODINE PREUSTROJA KRALJEVSKE GIMNAZIJE
KARLOVAC
( 1850-1860.).146
1. Od "ilirskog" nastavnog jezika do potpune germanizacije
(1850-.
1854.).146
A) Kratkotrajno djelovanje šestorazredne latinske gimnazije
.146
B) Mala
gímnazija-veliki
problemi
.158
C) Kerubin Horvatić preuzima Carsku i kraljevsku malu gimnaziju
.
Karlovac i dovršava njen preustroj prema "Osnovi za uređenje
autrijskih gimnazija i realki"
.164
2.
Djelovanje preuređene Carske i kraljevske male gimnazije u vrijeme
.
neoapsolutizma
.179
A) Novosti u nastavnim programima, metodici i didaktici
.179
B) Životna dob i podrijetlo učenika Kraljevske male gimnazije
. 185
C) Obrazovni i odgojni rezultati
.192
D) Mjesto i uloga vjeronauka u nastavi
.198
Vjeronaučna nastava za pravoslavne učenike
.200
Vjeronaučna nastava za učenike
izraelitské
vjeroispovijesti.
202
E) Relativno obavezni i neobavezni predmeti
.202
F) Značajni gimnazijalci
.205
G) Učitelji Carske i kraljevske male gimnazije Karlovac
.213
3.
Posljednje godine germanizacije karlovačke Gimnazije
.221
VII.
KRALJEVSKA GIMNAZIJA PONOVNO NA PREKRETNICI.
224
1.
Kriza Carske i kraljevske male gimnazije karlovačke
(1860-1861.).224
2,
Gimnazija na putu potpunog preuređenja
.228
A) Prilagođavanje Gimnazije novom obrazovnom sustavu
.228
B) Prvi svjetovni učitelji i konsolidacija učiteljskog zbora
.233
468
Kraub/ska
Gimn/vzíja
Karlovac
(1766.-1884^
φ
Sadužaj
C)
Materijalni položaj i opremljenost Gimnazije
.245
D)
Postignuća u obrazovanju i odgoju
.250
3.
Prvi svjetovni ravnatelj dovršava preustroj Gimnazije u javnu
srednju školu
.254
A) Prvi svjetovni ravnatelj preuzima upravljanje Gimnazijom
. 254
B) Daljnja sekularizacija Gimnazije
.258
C) Unapređenje nastave i pedagoški napredak Gimnazije
. 261
D) Osnivanje društva za potporu siromašnih učenika i gimnazijskog
školskog odbora
.267
E) Josip Kostić-prvi svjetovni ravnatelj Kraljevske gimnazije u
Karlovcu
.270
VIII.
BORBA ZA VIŠU ILI VELIKU GIMNAZIJU
.273
1,
Kraljevska mala gimnazija
-
javna svjetovna škola
(1869-1878.) 273
A) Konsolidacija svjetovnog učiteljskog kadra
.279
B) Nastojanja oko podizanja kvalitete relativno obaveznih
i neobaveznih predmeta
.282
C) Nastojanja oko podizanja kvalitete vjeronaučne nastave
.289
Vjeronaučna nastava za učenike
izraelitské
vjeroispovijesti.
292
Vjeronaučna nastava za učenike pravoslavne vjeroispovijesti.
295
Vjeronaučna nastava za učenike rimokatoličke vjeroispovijesti299
D) Opremanje knjižnica i kabineta
.305
2.
Borháza
veliku gimnaziju
.310
A) Prve akcije oko podizanja
maïe
karlovačke gimnazije u veliku310
B) Borba za veliku gimnaziju polovicom sedamdesetih godina
XIX.
st
.313
IX.
KRALJEVSKA (VELIKA) GIMNAZIJA KARLOVAC
.327
J. Četiri godine djelovanja Kraljevske velike gimnazije Karlovac
.327
A) Osiguravanje materijalnih uvjeta rada Gimnazije
.327
B) Popunjavanje učiteljskog zbora i nastava u novim
okolnostima
.338
C) Obrazovni i odgojni rezultati
.344
Napredovanje učenika u znanju
.344
469
Ί1
Kraljevska
Gimnazja
Karlovac
(1766.-188%^
Ćudorednost i moralno ponašanje učenika
.348
"Dačko literarno društvo Gundulić"
.354
D) Podrijetlo i socijalna struktura učenika
.357
Podrijetlo učenika po mjestu rođenja
.358
Socijalna struktura
.362
2,
Ukidanje Kraljevske gimnazije Karlovac i djelovanje nepotpune
gimnazije do kraja šk.g.
1883/84.366
A) Ukidanje Kraljevske gimnazije Karlovac i Kraljevske velike
reálke
Rakovac i osnivanje Kraljevske velike ralne gimnazije
Rakovac
.366
B) Djelovanje nepotpune Kraljevske gimnazije Karlovac
.370
Djelovanje Gimnazija bez prvog razreda
.370
C) Poznati učenici Kraljevske gimnazije Karlovac
.387
D) Učitelji Kraljevske gimnazije Karlovac
.395
X.
ZAKLJUČAK
.401
XI.
PRILOZI
.403
1.
UČENICI ZAVRŠNIH RAZREDA KRALJEVSKE KRALJEVSKE
.
GIMNAZIJE KARLOVAC
(1766-1884.).403
2.
Učitelji i profesori Kraljevske gimnazije Karlovac od
$k. g.1820/1821. do šk-g.
1883/1884.421
3.
Kronologija
.432
Izvori i literatura
.441
Sažetak
.447
Summary
.449
Zusammenfassung.452
Bilješka
о
autorici
.455
Izvodi iz recenzije dr.sc. Milana Kruheka
.456
Mišljenje i ocjena recezenta dr. se. Ivica Goleca
.456
Sadržaj
.„.,457
Kazalo imena
.457
Kazalo mjesta
.463
Bayerische
Staatsbibliothek
München
I
470
KraUEVSKA
Karlovac
^ч-
■)ídè.(ULO2I
Summary
The beginnings of grammar school education in
Karlovac
can be tra¬
ced back to
1766,
when the Piarists started a two year school with Latin as
the major subject. By
1780,
the Piarists transformed the Latin school into a
five year grammar school, with three preparatory forms and two advanced
forms. The grammar school resembled other European schools of the same
type. It offered classical education based on Latin and Greek, in combina¬
tion with elements of science. That was the start of the Royal Grammar
School in
Karlovac.
The Piarists left
Karlovac
in
1783,
when the grammar school was taken
over by the Franciscans, members of the Croatian and Slovenian Province
of St. Cross. The teaching was carried out in in the cells of refectory of the
Franciscan Convent. With the increase in the number of classes and pupils,
the second floor had to be added to the convent building. The grammar sc¬
hool followed the Austrian educational model. From
1800
onwards, it had
six forms
-
four junior preparatory forms and two senior advanced forms.
Latin was the language of instruction as well as the major subject. The pu¬
pils were also taught catechism, Greek, history, geography and mathema¬
tics. The grammar school was supported and supervised by the
Karlovac
military authorities.
During the short French rule
(1809-1813),
Karlovac
experienced some
aspects of the French educational system. The grammar school was reorga¬
nized into a two year preparatory secondary school and a six year advan¬
ced secondary school. The Franciscans were kept on as teachers. Having
introduced specialized teaching, the school taught French, Italian, Latin,
arithmetics and science.
After the French had left, the Austrian educational model was reintro-
duced along with the classroom teaching methods. In
1820,
the military
authorities left it in the municipal charge. The second floor of the convent
with the belonging furniture and school inventory was now the property
of the town of
Karlovac.
For its support, the grammar school depended on
the Markezi foundation
(est.
1807)
and the town budget. The municipal
authorities decided that the grammar school was to continue following the
Austrian model. The language of instruction was Latin. The major subjects
were catechism, Latin and Greek. Since
1834,
Hungarian was taught as an
obligatory subject. The teachers were the Franciscan fathers, members of
the Croatian and Slovenian Province of St. Cross, mainly Slovenes. A typi¬
cal grammar school candidate was a boy turned ten with completed three
years of elementary school or four years of primary school, who passed the
entrance exam to prove that he could read, write and do sums.
449
i V
.if."
Krauevska
Gimnazija
'щ
Karlovac
(1766.-18^4^.
XI^Prilozi
The six year Latin or grammar school existed in
Karlovac
until
1852,
when it was restructured according to the "Organizational Instructions for
Austrian Grammar and Secondary Schools", into a four year preparatory
school, the so-called Junior Grammar School The reform was carried out
by the school's longtime headmaster, father Kerubin
Horvatić,
its first Cro¬
atian language teacher and a renowned classics professor. Latin and Greek
still played a prominent role in the curriculum. However, some new su¬
bjects were included, such as Croatian, German, biology, zoology, physics,
chemistry, mineralogy and astronomy. At first the classes were supposed
to be taught in Croatian, but the Franciscans were not its speakers so Latin
remained the language of education, with German gradually taking over.
Between
1854
and
1861,
German became the only language of instructi¬
on.
Changes came about in
1861,
when Croatian became the only langu¬
age of instruction. The Franciscan teachers, who were not its speakers, left
the grammar school and were replaced, for the first time, by lay teachers.
That was the beginning of the secularization of the grammar school and its
transformation into a secular public school. Accordingly, the headmaster's
office was taken over by a lay headmasters,
Josip Kostić
(1865-1868)
and
Ignjat Bartulić
(1868-1884).
The grammar school, which depended on the
Markezi foundation and municipal donations, was now subsidized by the
Kingdom of Croatia and
Slavonia.
With the opening of the fifth form, the
Royal Grammar School in
Karlovac
was promoted into an advanced gra¬
mmar school in
1878.
In
1882,
the grammar school had eight forms. It was
then that the first final exams were taken. The teaching was still done on
the second floor of the Franciscan Convent. To make room for additional
classes, the school was granted rooms on the first and ground floors.
In August
1882,
it was decided to establish a new type of secondary
school in the nearby Rakovac
-
the Royal Advanced Grammar School. This
eventually led to the closing down of the Royal Grammar School in
Kar¬
lovac
and the old school in Rakovac
(est.
1863)
and their merging into the
newly founded school. The Royal Grammar School in the Franciscan Con¬
vent went on with its work, gradually losing its junior forms, until March
1,
1884,
when it moved to Rakovac into a new wing of the old school building.
That was the end of the Royal Grammar School in
Karlovac
as an indepen¬
dent secondary education institution.
From its beginnings in
1766,
until the end of its autonomous existence
in
1884,
the Royal Grammar School in
Karlovac
evolved in the same way
as other grammar schools in our country. There is, however, a difference. It
was the only school that temporarily adopted the French educational mo¬
del. Therefore, the process of application of "Organizational Instructions
for Austrian Grammar and Secondary Schools" and the school's transfor¬
mation into an advanced grammar school was the longest and most diffi-
450
\'\f"
Kraljevska
mní^üa
Karlovac
(1766.-1884.-)
cult one. Nevertheless, the Royal Grammar School in
Karlovac
educated
some extraordinary people who influenced our cultural and political hi¬
story, which leads us to a conclusion that it was a respectable school, whose
teaching standards were in full keeping with the most progressive educati¬
onal methods of the time.
451
Kraljevska Gimnazija
Karlovac
(1766.-
1884г)
Jili-łfitULOZl
Zusammenfassung
Als Gründungsjahr des Karlovacer Gymnasiums können wir das Jahr
1766 betrachten, als die Mitglieder des Piaristenordens zwei Schulklassen
geöffnet haben, wo das Hauptfach Latein war. Die Piaristen haben diese
Schule in ein volles Gymnasium mit fünf Klassen, drei unteren grammati¬
kalischen und zwei höheren humanitären Klassen, entwickelt. Das Gymna¬
sium war als andere ähnliche europäische Schulen geordnet. Die Schüler
werden auf Grund der lateinischen und griechischen Sprache mit einigen
naturwissenschaftlichen Teilen ausgebildet. Das war der Beginn des Köni¬
glichen Gymnasiums in
Karlovac.
Die Piaristen verlassen
Karlovac
1783, und das Gymnasium über¬
nehmen die Franziskaner die Mitglieder des Kroatisch - slowenischen
Provinz des Heiligen Kreuzes. Der Unterricht wird in Zellen und im Re¬
fektorium des Franziskaner Klosters organisiert. Als die Zahl der Klassen
und der Schüler
grosser
wurde, wurde der zweite Stock des Klosters ange¬
baut. In der Schule gelten österreichische Schulgesetze. Seit 1800 hat das
Gymnasium sechs Klassen, vier untere grammatikalische und zwei untere
humanitäre Klassen. Das Hauptfach und die Unterrichtssprache ist Late¬
in, und es gibt noch Religionslehre, Griechisch, Geschichte, Erdkunde und
Mathematik. Das Gymnasium unterhält und beaufsichtigt das Karlovacer
Generalat.
"Während der kurzen französischen Regierung (1809-1813) wird in
Karlovac
das französische System eingeführt. Das Gymnasium wird in die
zweijährige niedrigere Mittel-Schule und sechsjährige höhere Mittelschu¬
le, das Lyzeum, umgeordnet, Die Lehrer sind noch Franziskaner. Es wird
Fachunterricht eingeführt: Französisch, Italienisch und Latein, Arithmetik,
Theorie von Gewichten und andere naturwissenschaftliche Fächer.
dem Abzug der Franzosen wird wieder das österreichische Schulsy¬
stem zurückge-geben: sechs Klassen und Klassenunterricht. Das Karlova¬
cer
Generalat
übergibt das Gymna-sium 1820 der Behörde der Stadt
Kar¬
lovac,
und der zweite Stock des Klosters, die Möbel und das Schulinventar
wird der Besitz der Stadt. Das Gymnasium wird von Zinsen der Markezi
- Stiftung ( gegründet 1807 ) und von dem Stadtvoranschlag finanziert
Die Stadtbehörde entscheidet,
dass
das Gymnasium verpflichtet ist, wieder
nach österreichischen Schulgesetzen zu arbeiten. Die Unterrichtssprache
ist Latein, die Hauptfächer sind Religionslehre, Latein und Griechisch, und
seit 1834 lernt man Ungarisch als Pflichtfach. Die Lehrer sind auch wei¬
ter Franziskaner, die Mitglieder der Kroatisch - slowenischen Provinz des
Heiligen Kreuzes, überwiegend Slowenen. Ein Gymnasialschüler kann ein
10-jähriger Junge werden, der drei Klassen der Trivial- oder vier Klassen
452
Kraljevska ^
Karlovac
(1766.-188^),
I
der Hauptschule beendet und die Aufnahme-prüfung bestanden hat, und
damit hat er gezeigt,
dass
er lesen, schreiben
un
rechnen kann.
Sechsklassige Lateinschule oder Gymnasium besteht in
Karlovac
bis
1852, und dann wird sie nach dem „Entwurf der Organisation der österrei¬
chischen Gymnasien und der Realschulen in die vierklassige niedere Mi¬
ttelschule, in das sogenannte kleine Gymnasium umgeordnet. Die Umor¬
dnung nach dem neuen Gesetz hat sein langjähriger Leiter Vater Kerubin
Horvatić
durchgeführt, der erste Lehrer der kroatischen Sprache im Gy¬
mnasium und der geschätzte Lehrer der klassischen Sprachen. Klassische
Sprachen sind auch weiter im Unterrichtspro-gramm am meisten vertre¬
ten. Es werden auch neue
Schulfácher
eingeführt: Kroatisch, Deutsch und
Naturgeschichte, in der auch Biologie, Zoologie, Physik, Chemie, Mine¬
ralogie und Elemente der Astronomie gelernt werden. Am Anfang sollte
man in kroatischer Sprache unterrichten, aber da die Karlovacer Lehrer
Franziskaner Kroatisch nicht konnten, wird der Unterricht weiter in Latein
und öfter in Deutsch durchgeführt. Seit 1854 - 1861 ist Deutsch die einzige
Unterrichtssprache.
Die Änderung beginnt 1861. Dann wird Kroatisch die einzige Unterri¬
chtssprache. Die Lehrer - Franziskaner, die Kroatisch nicht können, ver¬
lassen das Gymnasium, und dann kommen die ersten weltlichen Lehrer
für Pflichtfacher. Set dieser Zeit beginnt allmählich die Säkularisation des
Gymnasiums und seine Umgestaltung in eine wahre öffentliche weltliche
Schule. Das Gyrnnasiun übernehmen weltliche Leiter,
Josip Kostić
von
1865 - 1868 und
Ignjat Bartulić
von 1868 - 1884. Das Gymnasium wird
weiter von der Markezi - Stiftung, von dem Stadtvoranschlag und von der
Stadtkasse des Königstums Kroatien und Slavonien finanziert.
Karlovac
wird 1878 durch die fünfte Klasse auf das
grosse
oder höhere Gymnasi¬
um erhöht. Den vollen Umfang von acht Klassen erlebt das Gymnasium
1882. Dann werden im Gymnasium auch die ersten Abschlussprüfungen
abgehalten. Es wird auch weiter im zweiten Stock des Franziskaner Klosters
unterrichtet. Für den Bedarf der neuen Klassen überlässt das Kloster die
Räume im ersen Stock und im Erdgeschoss.
Im August 1882 wird entschieden, in der Nähe, in Rakovac, einen neu¬
en Typ der Mittelschule zu gründen: Königliches
grosses
Realgymnasium.
Königliches Gymnasium
Karlovac
und Königliche Oberrealschule Rako¬
vac (gegründet 1863) sollten für ungültig erklärt und zur neuen Schule
eingeschlossen werden. Königliches Gymnasium
Karlovac
arbeitet weiter,
verliert aber allmählich niedrigere Klassen, im zweiten Stock des Franzi¬
skaner Klosters bis zum
L
März 1884 und wird mit anderen Klassen ins
fertiggebaute Gebäude der Königlichen Oberrealschule in Rakovac umge¬
zogen. Damit hört Königliches Gymnasium
Karlovac
als selbständige Mi¬
ttelschulanstalt mit der Arbeit auf.
453
Kraljevska Gm^a
Karlovac
(1766.-іа$Цї&
Seit dem Gründungsjahr 1766 bis 1884 vergeht Königliches Gymna¬
sium
Karlovac
den gleichen Entwicklungsgang wie auch andere Gymna¬
sien auf unserem Boden. Es unterscheidet sich doch ein wenig. Wahrend
der kurzen französischen Regierung arbeitete es nach dem französischen
Schulsystem, und sein Gang zur Organisation in ein
grosses
oder höheres
Gymnasium nach dem „Entwurf der Organisation der österreichischen
Gymnasien und Realschulen" war am längsten und am schwersten. Trotz
allem werden im Königlichen Gymnasium
Karlovac
hervorragende Leute
ausgebildet, die unsere kulturelle und politische Geschichte bezeichnen,
was uns Recht gibt, zu schliessen,
dass
es eine angesehene Schule ihrer Zeit
war, in der Unterrichtsvorgänge nach damals zeitgenössischen Methoden
der Erziehung und Ausbildung ausgeführt waren.
454 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| any_adam_object_boolean | 1 |
| author | Gršić, Dragica 1931- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)135641284 |
| author_facet | Gršić, Dragica 1931- |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Gršić, Dragica 1931- |
| author_variant | d g dg |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV023331475 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)239100760 (DE-599)BVBBV023331475 |
| era | Geschichte 1766-1884 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1766-1884 |
| format | Book |
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| genre | (DE-588)4135952-5 Quelle gnd-content |
| genre_facet | Quelle |
| id | DE-604.BV023331475 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T20:57:46Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T21:16:04Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9789536829606 |
| language | Croatian |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016515396 |
| oclc_num | 239100760 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 |
| physical | 470 S. Ill. |
| publishDate | 2007 |
| publishDateSearch | 2007 |
| publishDateSort | 2007 |
| publisher | Gradska Knjižnica "Ivan Goran Kovačić" [u.a.] |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Gršić, Dragica 1931- Verfasser (DE-588)135641284 aut Kraljevska Gimnazija Karlovac 1766. - 1884. Dragica Gršić Karlovac Gradska Knjižnica "Ivan Goran Kovačić" [u.a.] 2007 470 S. Ill. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Zsfassung in dt. und engl. Sprache Königliches Gymnasium Karlstadt, Kroatien (DE-588)10156079-5 gnd rswk-swf Geschichte 1766-1884 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4135952-5 Quelle gnd-content Königliches Gymnasium Karlstadt, Kroatien (DE-588)10156079-5 b Geschichte 1766-1884 z DE-604 Digitalisierung BSBMuenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016515396&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016515396&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract |
| spellingShingle | Gršić, Dragica 1931- Kraljevska Gimnazija Karlovac 1766. - 1884. Königliches Gymnasium Karlstadt, Kroatien (DE-588)10156079-5 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)10156079-5 (DE-588)4135952-5 |
| title | Kraljevska Gimnazija Karlovac 1766. - 1884. |
| title_auth | Kraljevska Gimnazija Karlovac 1766. - 1884. |
| title_exact_search | Kraljevska Gimnazija Karlovac 1766. - 1884. |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Kraljevska Gimnazija Karlovac 1766. - 1884. |
| title_full | Kraljevska Gimnazija Karlovac 1766. - 1884. Dragica Gršić |
| title_fullStr | Kraljevska Gimnazija Karlovac 1766. - 1884. Dragica Gršić |
| title_full_unstemmed | Kraljevska Gimnazija Karlovac 1766. - 1884. Dragica Gršić |
| title_short | Kraljevska Gimnazija Karlovac |
| title_sort | kraljevska gimnazija karlovac 1766 1884 |
| title_sub | 1766. - 1884. |
| topic | Königliches Gymnasium Karlstadt, Kroatien (DE-588)10156079-5 gnd |
| topic_facet | Königliches Gymnasium Karlstadt, Kroatien Quelle |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016515396&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016515396&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT grsicdragica kraljevskagimnazijakarlovac17661884 |