Verfügbarkeit: Clinical practice of the dental hygienist

Clinical practice of the dental hygienist:

From the Publisher: The cornerstone text of almost every dental hygienists library is now in its thoroughly updated Tenth Edition. Written in a straightforward, concise outline format, this text equips both students and practitioners with the clinical and educational skills needed for successful pra...

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Bibliographische Detailangaben
1. Verfasser:	Wilkins, Esther M. (VerfasserIn)
Format:	Buch
Sprache:	English
Veröffentlicht:	Philadelphia [u.a.] Wolters Kluwer Health, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2009
Ausgabe:	10. ed.
Schlagworte:	Dental Hygienists > Outlines Dental Prophylaxis > Outlines Dental hygiene Zahnpflege
Online-Zugang:	Inhaltsverzeichnis
Zusammenfassung:	From the Publisher: The cornerstone text of almost every dental hygienists library is now in its thoroughly updated Tenth Edition. Written in a straightforward, concise outline format, this text equips both students and practitioners with the clinical and educational skills needed for successful practice. Features include full-color artwork and photographs, case-based exercises, procedure boxes, and ethics boxes. The Tenth Edition presents the latest technical advances and research findings and includes a new chapter on teeth whitening.
Beschreibung:	XVIII, 1197 S. Ill., graph. Darst. 1 CD-ROM (12 cm)
ISBN:	9780781763226 0781763223

Internformat

MARC


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Datensatz im Suchindex

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adam_text	Titel: Clinical practice of the dental hygienist Autor: Wilkins, Esther M. Jahr: 2009 ORIENTATION TO CLINICAL DENTAL HYGIENE PRACTICE 1 CHAPTER 1 THE PROFESSIONAL DENTAL HYGIENIST 3 Roles of Dental Hygiene 5 Dental Hygiene Care 5 Types of Services 6 Dental Hygiene Process of Care 6 Cultural Considerations 9 Dental Hygiene Ethics 12 The Code of Ethics 12 Core Values 12 Ethical Applications 13 Legal Factors in Practice 14 Personal Factors in Practice 14 Special Practice Areas 14 Objectives for Professional Practice 15 Everyday Ethics 15 Factors to Teach the Patient 16 References 16 Suggested Readings 16 PREPARATION FOR DENTAL HYGIENE PRACTICE 19 CHAPTER 2 INFECTION CONTROL: TRANSMISSIBLE DISEASES 21 Standard Precautions 22 Microorganisms of the Oral Cavity 24 The Infectious Process 24 Airborne Infection 26 Pathogens Transmissible by the Oral Cavity 27 Tuberculosis 27 Viral Hepatitis 32 Hepatitis A 32 Hepatitis B 34 Prevention of Hepatitis B 36 Hepatitis C 37 Hepatitis D 37 Hepatitis E 38 Herpesvirus Diseases 38 HHV1 Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (HSV1) 39 HHV2 Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 (HSV2) 40 Clinical Management 40 HHV3 Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV) 41 HHV4 Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) 41 HHV5 Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) 41 HHV6 Herpes Lymphotrophic Virus (HLV) 42 HHV7 Human Herpes Virusl (HHV7) 42 HHV8 Kaposi s Sarcoma Related Virus (KSRV) 42 HIV-1 Infection 42 Life Cycle of the HIV-1 43 HIV-1 Classification System for Adolescents and Adults 44 Clinical Course of HIV-1 Infection 45 Oral Manifestations of HIV-1 Infection 46 HIV-1 Infection in Children 48 Prevention of HIV-1 Infection 49 Everyday Ethics 50 Factors to Teach the Patient 50 References 50 Suggested Readings 51 CHAPTER 3 EXPOSURE CONTROL: BARRIERS FOR PATIENT AND CLINICIAN 54 Personal Protection of the Dental Team 55 Immunizations and Periodic Tests 56 Clinical Attire 56 Use of Face Mask: Respiratory Protection 57 Use of Protective Eyewear 58 Hand Care 60 Handwashing Principles 60 Methods of Handwashing 61 Gloves and Gloving 62 Latex Hypersensitivity 64 Everyday Ethics 65 Factors to Teach the Patient 65 References 65 Suggested Readings 66 CHAPTER 4 INFECTION CONTROL: CLINICAL PROCEDURES 67 Treatment Room Features 69 Instrument Processing Center 71 Cleaning Procedures 71 Packaging Step 72 Sterilization 73 Moist Heat: Steam Under Pressure 74 Dry Heat 75 Chemical Vapor Sterilizer 76 Care of Sterile Instruments 76 Chemical Disinfectants 76 Recommended Chemical Disinfectants 77 Chemical Sterilants (Immersion) 78 Preparation of the Treatment Room 79 Patient Preparation 80 Summary of Standard Procedures for the Prevention of Disease Transmission 81 Occupational Accidental Exposure Management 82 Disposal of Waste 82 Supplemental Recommendations 83 Everyday Ethics 83 Factors to Teach the Patient 83 References 83 Suggested Readings 84 CHAPTER 5 PATIENT RECEPTION AND ERGONOMIC PRACTICE 85 Position of the Patient 86 Position of the Clinician 88 Neutral Working Posture 88 The Treatment Area 89 Ergonomic Practice 91 Self-Care for the Dental Hygienist 93 Everyday Ethics 95 Factors to Teach the Patient 95 Suggested Readings 97 ASSESSMENT 99 CHAPTER 6 DOCUMENTATION 101 The Patient Record 101 Privacy of Patient Records 103 Examination Procedures 104 Tooth Numbering Systems 105 Charting 107 Dental Records 109 Periodontal Records 109 Care Plan Records 111 Everyday Ethics 111 Factors to Teach the Patient 111 References 111 Suggested Readings 111 CHAPTER 7 PERSONAL, DENTAL, AND MEDICAL HISTORIES 113 History Preparation 115 The Questionnaire 116 The Interview 120 Items Included in the History 121 Immediate Applications of Patient Histories 129 American Heart Association (AHA) Guidelines 130 Prophylaxis for Dental and Dental Hygiene Procedures 131 ASA Determination 132 Review of History 32 Records 132 Everyday Ethics 132 Factors to Teach the Patient 132 References 133 Suggested Readings 133 CHAPTER 8 VITAL SIGNS 135 Body Temperature 137 Pulse 138 Respiration 139 Blood Pressure 140 Everyday Ethics 142 Factors to Teach the Patient 143 References 143 Suggested Readings 143 CHAPTER 9 DENTAL RADIOGRAPHIC IMAGING 144 How X-Rays Are Produced 147 Digital Radiography 150 Characteristics of an Acceptable Radiographic Image 152 Factors that Influence the Finished Radiograph 153 Exposure to Radiation 156 Risk of Injury from Radiation 158 Rules for Radiation Protection 159 Protection of Clinician 159 Protection of Patient 160 Clinical Applications 160 Procedures for Film Placement and Angulation of Ray 163 Film Selection for Intraoral Surveys 164 Definitions and Principles 166 Periapical Survey: Paralleling Technique 166 Bitewing Survey 169 Periapical Survey: Bisecting-Angle Technique 170 Occlusal Survey 171 Panoramic Radiographic Images 171 Paraclinical Procedures 172 Infection Control 172 Film Processing 173 Essentials of an Adequate Darkroom 174 Lighting 174 Automated Processing 175 Manual Processing 175 Analysis of Completed Radiographs 176 Record Keeping 178 Everyday Ethics 178 Factors to Teach the Patient 179 References 179 Suggested Readings 179 CHAPTER10 EXTRA0RALAND INTRAORAL EXAMINATION 181 Objectives 182 Components of Examination 183 Sequence of Examination 184 Documentation of Findings 184 Morphologic Categories 187 Oral Cancer 190 Procedure for Follow-Up of a Suspicious Lesion 191 Exfoliative Cytology 192 Everyday Ethics 193 Factors to Teach the Patient 193 References 194 Suggested Readings 194 CHAPTER 26 INTERDENTAL CARE 430 The Interdental Area 431 Planning Interdental Care 432 Selective Interdental Biofilm Removal 433 Dental Floss and Tape 433 Tufted Dental Floss 436 Knitting Yarn 436 Gauze Strip 437 Interdental Brushes 437 Single-Tuft Brush (End-Tuft, Unituft) 439 Interdental Tip 439 Toothpick in Holder 440 Wooden Interdental Cleaner 440 Everyday Ethics 441 Factors to Teach the Patient 441 References 441 Suggested Readings 442 CHAPTER 27 DENTIFRICES, MOUTHRINSES, AND IRRIGATION 443 Chemotherapeutics 444 Dentifrices 445 Preventive and Therapeutic Benefits of Dentifrices 445 Cosmetic Effects of Dentifrices 445 Basic Componets of Dentifrices 445 Selection of Dentifrice 446 Mouthrinses 447 Purposes and Uses of Mouthrinses 447 Preventive and Therapeutic Agents of Mouthrinses 447 Commercial Mouthwash Ingredients 449 Procedure for Rinsing 450 Oral Irrigation 450 Beneficial Effects From Irrigation 450 Description of Irrigators 451 Delivery Methods 451 Applications for Practice 452 The Food and Drug Administration (FDA): The Regulatory Agency for Oral Care Products 453 American Dental Association (ADA) Seal of Acceptance Program 454 Everyday Ethics 454 Factors to Teach the Patient 455 References 455 Suggested Readings 456 CHAPTER 28 PATIENT WITH ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCES 458 Cemented Bands and Bonded Brackets 459 Clinical Procedures for Bonding 460 Dental Hygiene Care 461 Completion of Therapy 463 Clinical Procedures for Debanding 463 Clinical Procedures for Debonding 463 Post-Debonding Evaluation 467 Retention 468 Post-Debonding Preventive Care 468 Everyday Ethics 469 Factors to Teach the Patient 469 References 469 Suggested Readings 470 CHAPTER 29 CARE OF DENTAL PROSTHESES 472 Missing Teeth 474 Fixed Partial Dentures 474 Care Procedures for Fixed Prostheses 475 Removable Partial Denture Prostheses 477 Self Care Procedures for Removable Partial Prostheses 477 Complete Denture Prostheses 479 Self Cleaning the Complete Denture Prostheses 481 The Underlying Mucosa 485 Complete Overdenture Prostheses 485 Dental Hygiene Care and Instruction 486 Everyday Ethics 487 Factors to Teach the Patient 487 References 487 Suggested Readings 488 CHAPTER 30 THE PATIENT WITH DENTAL IMPLANTS 489 Types of Dental Implants 490 Endosseous Implant 491 Implant Interfaces 492 Preparation and Placement 492 Periimplant Hygiene 493 Maintenance 495 Everyday Ethics 497 Factors to Teach the Patient 497 References 497 Suggested Readings 498 CHAPTER 31 THE PATIENT WHO USES TOBACCO 501 Health Hazards 503 Components of Tobacco Products 503 Metabolism of Nicotine 504 Systemic Effects 505 Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) 505 Prenatal and Children 506 Oral Manifestations of Tobacco Use 506 Tobacco and Periodontal Infections 506 Nicotine Addiction 507 Treatment 509 Pharmacotherapies Used for Treatment of Nicotine Addiction 511 Nicotine-Free Therapy 511 Dental Hygiene Care for the Patient Who Uses Tobacco 512 Assessment 512 Clinical Treatment Procedures 513 Tobacco Cessation Program 514 The 5A s 514 The Team Approach 516 Advocacy 516 Everyday Ethics 517 Factors to Teach the Patient 517 References 517 Suggested Readings 519 CHAPTER 32 DIET AND DIETARY ANALYSIS 521 Nutrient Standards for Diet Adequacy in Health Promotion 522 Oral Health Relationships 528 The Dietary Assessment 532 xfv Contents Preparation for Additional Counseling 538 Counseling Procedures 538 Evaluation of Progress 541 Everyday Ethics 541 Factors to Teach the Patient 542 References 542 Suggested Readings 543 CHAPTER 33 FLUORIDES 544 Fluoride Metabolism 545 Fluoride and Tooth Development 546 Tooth Surface Fluoride 547 Demineralization-Remineralization 548 Fluoridation 549 Effects and Benefits of Fluoridation 550 Partial Defluoridation 551 School Fluoridation 551 Discontinued Fluoridation 552 Fluorides in Foods 552 Dietary Fluoride Supplements 552 Clinical Procedures Professional Topical Fluoride 553 Self-Applied Fluorides 558 Tray Technique: Home Application 559 Fluoride Mouthrinses 559 Brush-On Gel 560 Fluoride Dentifrices 561 Combined Fluoride Program 562 Fluoride Safety 562 Everyday Ethics 564 Factors to Teach the Patient 564 References 565 Suggested Readings 567 CHAPTER 34 SEALANTS 569 Development of Sealants 570 How Sealants Work 570 Sealant Materials 571 Indications for Sealant Placement 571 Clinical Procedures 572 Penetration of Sealant 575 Maintenance 576 Everyday Ethics 576 Factors to Teach the Patient 576 References 577 Suggested Readings 577 TREATMENT 579 CHAPTER 35 ANXIETY AND PAIN CONTROL 583 Components of Pain 584 Nonopioid Analgesics 586 Nitrous Oxide-Oxygen Sedation 586 Characteristics of Nitrous Oxide 586 Equipment for Nitrous Oxide-Oxygen 587 Patient Selection 588 Clinical Procedures for Nitrous Oxide—Oxygen Administration 589 Potential Hazards of Occupational Exposure 591 Advantages and Disadvantages of Conscious Sedation Anesthesia 592 Local Anesthesia 592 Pharmacology of Local Anesthetics 592 Indications for Local Anesthesia 594 Patient Assessment 595 Armamentarium for Local Anesthesia 596 Clinical Procedures for Local Anesthetic Administration 598 Potential Adverse Reactions to Local Anesthesia Procedures 600 Advantages and Disadvantages of Local Anesthesia 602 Noninjectable Anesthesia 602 Topical Anesthesia 603 Application of Topical Anesthetic 604 Everyday Ethics 604 Factors to Teach the Patient 605 References 605 Suggested Readings 606 CHAPTER 36 INSTRUMENTS AND PRINCIPLES FOR INSTRUMENTATION 608 Instrument Identification 610 I nstrument Parts 610 Instrument Features 612 The Treatment Instruments 612 Principles for Instrument Use 617 Instrument Grasp 617 Neutral Positions 619 Fulcrum: Finger Rest 619 Adaptation 621 Angulation 622 Lateral Pressure 623 Activation: Stroke 623 Visibility and Accessibility 625 Dexterity Development 625 Prevention of Cumulative Trauma 627 Instrument Sharpening 628 Some Basic Sharpening Principles 630 Sharpening Curets and Sealers 631 Moving Flat Stone: Stationary Instrument 632 Stationary Flat Stone: Moving Instrument 634 Sharpening Cone 635 Mandrel-Mounted Stones 636 Sharpening the File Sealer 637 Sharpening the Hoe Sealer 637 Sharpening the Chisel Sealer 638 Sharpening Explorers 638 Care of Sharpening Equipment 639 Everyday Ethics 639 Factors to Teach the Patient 640 References 640 Suggested Readings 640 CHAPTER 37 NONSURGICAL PERIODONTAL INSTRUMENTATION 641 The Scope of Nonsurgical Therapy 643 Preparation of the Clinician 643 Focus of Treatment 643 Aims and Expected Outcomes 644 Care Plan for Instrumentation 645 Overall Appointment Systems 645 Preparation for Instrumentation 647 Calculus Removal 648 Manual Subgingival Scaling Steps 650 Dental and Dental Hygiene Care 875 Appointment Scheduling 877 Barrier-Free Environment 877 Patient Reception: The Initial Appointment 879 Wheelchair Transfers 880 Patient Position and Stabilization 882 Oral Manifestations 883 Disease Prevention and Control 884 Dental Biofilm Removal 885 Self-Care Aids 886 Instruction for Caregiver 890 Fluorides 891 Pit and Fissure Sealants 892 Diet Instruction 892 Instrumentation 893 Group In-Service Education 895 Everyday Ethics 896 Factors to Teach Patient and Caregiver 897 References 897 Suggested Readings 897 CHAPTER 54 THE PATIENT WHO IS HOMEBOUND 899 Homebound Patients 899 Dental Hygiene Care and Instruction 901 The Unconscious Patient 905 The Terminally 111 Patient 907 Everyday Ethics 908 Factors to Teach the Patient 909 Factors to Teach the Caregiver 909 References 909 Suggested Readings 909 CHAPTER 55 THE PATIENT WITH A PHYSICAL IMPAIRMENT 911 Spinal Cord Dysfunctions 912 Spinal Cord Injury 912 Myelomeningocele 917 Cerebrovascular Accident (Stroke) 918 Muscular Dystrophies 921 Myasthenia Gravis 922 Multiple Sclerosis 924 Cerebral Palsy 925 Bell s Palsy 928 Parkinson s Disease 929 Arthritis 929 Scleroderma (Progressive Systemic Sclerosis) 931 Kidney Disease 932 Everyday Ethics 933 Factors to Teach the Patient 934 References 934 Suggested Readings 935 CHAPTER 56 THE PATIENT WITH A SENSORY DISABILITY 937 Americans win Disabilities Act 937 Visual Impairment 938 Hearing Impairment 941 Everyday Ethics 946 Factors to Teach the Patient 947 Reference 947 Suggested Readings 947 CHAPTER 57 FAMILY ABUSE AND NEGLECT 948 Child Maltreatment 949 Elder Maltreatment 952 Intimate Partner Abuse and Violence 953 Documentation 954 Reporting Maltreatment 954 Forensic Dentistry 955 Everyday Ethics 955 Factors to Teach the Patient 955 References 956 Suggested Readings 956 CHAPTER 58 THE PATIENT WITH A SEIZURE DISORDER 957 Epileptic Syndromes 958 Clinical Manifestations 960 Treatment 960 Oral Findings 962 Dental Hygiene Care Plan 965 Emergency Care 966 Everyday Ethics 967 Factors to Teach the Patient 967 References 967 Suggested Readings 968 CHAPTER 59 THE PATIENT WITH A MENTAL DISABILITY 969 Mental Retardation 970 Down Syndrome 974 Autistic Spectrum Disorder 975 Dental Hygiene Care 976 Everyday Ethics 977 Factors to Teach the Patient 977 Factors to Teach the Caregiver 978 References 978 Suggested Readings 980 CHAPTER 60 THE PATIENT WITH PSYCHIATRIC DISORDER 981 Schizophrenia 983 Mood Disorders 985 Major Depressive Disorder 985 Bipolar Disorder 986 Postpartum Mood Disturbances 988 Anxiety Disorders 988 Eating Disorders 990 Anorexia Nervosa 990 Bulimia Nervosa 992 Psychiatric Emergencies 993 Everyday Ethics 994 Factors to Teach the Patient 994 References 994 Suggested Readings 994 CHAPTER 61 THE PATIENT WITH A SUBSTANCE-RELATED DISORDER 996 Alcohol-Related Disorders 998 Metabolism of Alcohol 1000 Health Hazards 1000 Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) 1001 Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome 1002 Treatment for Alcoholism 1003 Prescription and Street Drugs 1004 Most Common Drugs of Abuse 1004 Treatment Methods 1008 Dental Hygiene Care 1008 Clinical Examination 1010 Clinical Treatment and Instruction 1012 Everyday Ethics 1013 Factors to Teach the Patient 1013 References 1013 Suggested Readings 1014 CHAPTER 62 THE PATIENT WITH A RESPIRATORY DISEASE 1016 The Respiratory System 1018 Upper Respiratory Tract Diseases 1019 Lower Respiratory Tract Diseases 1021 Pneumonia 1021 Tuberculosis (TB) 1022 Asthma 1023 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) 1025 Cystic Fibrosis 1027 Summary Guidelines for Dental Hygiene Care 1028 Everyday Ethics 1028 Factors to Teach the Patient 1028 References 1029 Suggested Readings 1030 CHAPTER 63 THE PATIENT WITH A CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE 1032 Classification 1034 Congenital Heart Diseases 1034 Rheumatic Heart Disease 1036 Mitral Valve Prolapse 1037 Infective Endocarditis 1037 Hypertension 1038 Hypertensive Heart Disease 1041 Ischemic Heart Disease 1041 Angina Pectoris 1042 Myocardial Infarction 1043 Congestive Heart Failure 1044 Basic Noninvasive Treatment 1045 Surgical Treatment 1045 Anticoagulant Therapy 1048 Cardiac Surgery 1048 Everyday Ethics 1049 Factors to Teach the Patient 1049 References 1050 Suggested Readings 1050 CHAPTER 64 THE PATIENT WITH A BLOOD DISORDER 1052 Oral Findings Suggestive of Blood Disorders 1053 Normal Blood 1054 Anemias 1057 Iron Deficiency Anemia 1058 Megaloblastic Anemias 1058 Sickle Cell Disease 1059 Polycythemias 1061 White Blood Cells 1061 Bleeding Disorders 1062 Coagulation Disorders 1062 Miscellaneous Treatment Suggestions for Dental Professionals 1064 Everyday Ethics 1064 Factors to Teach the Patient 1065 References 1065 Suggested Readings 1065 CHAPTER 65 THE PATIENT WITH DIABETES MELLITUS 1067 Diabetes Mellitus 1069 Insulin 1069 Diabetes Mellitus Etiologic Classification 1071 Diagnosis of Diabetes 1074 Complications of Diabetes 1074 Medical Treatment and Modifications for Diabetes Control 1075 Medications 1076 Pancreas Transplantation 1077 Blood Glucose Testing 1077 Oral Relationships 1079 Dental Hygiene Care Plan 1080 Everyday Ethics 1081 Factors to Teach the Patient 1081 Diabetes Insipidus 1083 References 1083 Suggested Readings 1083 CHAPTER 66 EMERGENCY CARE 1085 Prevention of Emergencies 1087 Patient Assessment 1087 Stress Minimization 1089 Emergency Materials and Preparation 1090 Basic Life Support 1094 Rescue Breathing 1096 External Chest Compressions 1097 Airway Obstruction 1101 Oxygen Administration 1102 Specific Emergencies 1103 Everyday Ethics 1110 Factors to Teach the Patient 1111 References 1111 Suggested Readings 1111 PREFIXES, SUFFIXES, AND COMBINING FORMS 1113 APPENDIX I AMERICAN DENTAL HYGIENISTS ASSOCIATION CODE OF ETHICS FOR DENTAL HYGIENISTS 1117 APPENDIX II CANADIAN DENTAL HYGIENISTS ASSOCIATION CODE OF ETHICS 1121 APPENDIX III THE INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION OF DENTAL HYGIENISTS CODE OF ETHICS 1127 APPENDIX IV GUIDELINES FOR INFECTION CONTROL IN DENTAL HEALTH-CARE SETTINGS 2003 1129 APPENDIX V AVERAGE MEASUREMENTS OF HUMAN TEETH 1153 INDEX 1t55
adam_txt	Titel: Clinical practice of the dental hygienist Autor: Wilkins, Esther M. Jahr: 2009 ORIENTATION TO CLINICAL DENTAL HYGIENE PRACTICE 1 CHAPTER 1 THE PROFESSIONAL DENTAL HYGIENIST 3 Roles of Dental Hygiene 5 Dental Hygiene Care 5 Types of Services 6 Dental Hygiene Process of Care 6 Cultural Considerations 9 Dental Hygiene Ethics 12 The Code of Ethics 12 Core Values 12 Ethical Applications 13 Legal Factors in Practice 14 Personal Factors in Practice 14 Special Practice Areas 14 Objectives for Professional Practice 15 Everyday Ethics 15 Factors to Teach the Patient 16 References 16 Suggested Readings 16 PREPARATION FOR DENTAL HYGIENE PRACTICE 19 CHAPTER 2 INFECTION CONTROL: TRANSMISSIBLE DISEASES 21 Standard Precautions 22 Microorganisms of the Oral Cavity 24 The Infectious Process 24 Airborne Infection 26 Pathogens Transmissible by the Oral Cavity 27 Tuberculosis 27 Viral Hepatitis 32 Hepatitis A 32 Hepatitis B 34 Prevention of Hepatitis B 36 Hepatitis C 37 Hepatitis D 37 Hepatitis E 38 Herpesvirus Diseases 38 HHV1 Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (HSV1) 39 HHV2 Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 (HSV2) 40 Clinical Management 40 HHV3 Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV) 41 HHV4 Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) 41 HHV5 Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) 41 HHV6 Herpes Lymphotrophic Virus (HLV) 42 HHV7 Human Herpes Virusl (HHV7) 42 HHV8 Kaposi's Sarcoma Related Virus (KSRV) 42 HIV-1 Infection 42 Life Cycle of the HIV-1 43 HIV-1 Classification System for Adolescents and Adults 44 Clinical Course of HIV-1 Infection 45 Oral Manifestations of HIV-1 Infection 46 HIV-1 Infection in Children 48 Prevention of HIV-1 Infection 49 Everyday Ethics 50 Factors to Teach the Patient 50 References 50 Suggested Readings 51 CHAPTER 3 EXPOSURE CONTROL: BARRIERS FOR PATIENT AND CLINICIAN 54 Personal Protection of the Dental Team 55 Immunizations and Periodic Tests 56 Clinical Attire 56 Use of Face Mask: Respiratory Protection 57 Use of Protective Eyewear 58 Hand Care 60 Handwashing Principles 60 Methods of Handwashing 61 Gloves and Gloving 62 Latex Hypersensitivity 64 Everyday Ethics 65 Factors to Teach the Patient 65 References 65 Suggested Readings 66 CHAPTER 4 INFECTION CONTROL: CLINICAL PROCEDURES 67 Treatment Room Features 69 Instrument Processing Center 71 Cleaning Procedures 71 Packaging Step 72 Sterilization 73 Moist Heat: Steam Under Pressure 74 Dry Heat 75 Chemical Vapor Sterilizer 76 Care of Sterile Instruments 76 Chemical Disinfectants 76 Recommended Chemical Disinfectants 77 Chemical Sterilants (Immersion) 78 Preparation of the Treatment Room 79 Patient Preparation 80 Summary of Standard Procedures for the Prevention of Disease Transmission 81 Occupational Accidental Exposure Management 82 Disposal of Waste 82 Supplemental Recommendations 83 Everyday Ethics 83 Factors to Teach the Patient 83 References 83 Suggested Readings 84 CHAPTER 5 PATIENT RECEPTION AND ERGONOMIC PRACTICE 85 Position of the Patient 86 Position of the Clinician 88 Neutral Working Posture 88 The Treatment Area 89 Ergonomic Practice 91 Self-Care for the Dental Hygienist 93 Everyday Ethics 95 Factors to Teach the Patient 95 Suggested Readings 97 ASSESSMENT 99 CHAPTER 6 DOCUMENTATION 101 The Patient Record 101 Privacy of Patient Records 103 Examination Procedures 104 Tooth Numbering Systems 105 Charting 107 Dental Records 109 Periodontal Records 109 Care Plan Records 111 Everyday Ethics 111 Factors to Teach the Patient 111 References 111 Suggested Readings 111 CHAPTER 7 PERSONAL, DENTAL, AND MEDICAL HISTORIES 113 History Preparation 115 The Questionnaire 116 The Interview 120 Items Included in the History 121 Immediate Applications of Patient Histories 129 American Heart Association (AHA) Guidelines 130 Prophylaxis for Dental and Dental Hygiene Procedures 131 ASA Determination 132 Review of History \ 32 Records 132 Everyday Ethics 132 Factors to Teach the Patient 132 References 133 Suggested Readings 133 CHAPTER 8 VITAL SIGNS 135 Body Temperature 137 Pulse 138 Respiration 139 Blood Pressure 140 Everyday Ethics 142 Factors to Teach the Patient 143 References 143 Suggested Readings 143 CHAPTER 9 DENTAL RADIOGRAPHIC IMAGING 144 How X-Rays Are Produced 147 Digital Radiography 150 Characteristics of an Acceptable Radiographic Image 152 Factors that Influence the Finished Radiograph 153 Exposure to Radiation 156 Risk of Injury from Radiation 158 Rules for Radiation Protection 159 Protection of Clinician 159 Protection of Patient 160 Clinical Applications 160 Procedures for Film Placement and Angulation of Ray 163 Film Selection for Intraoral Surveys 164 Definitions and Principles 166 Periapical Survey: Paralleling Technique 166 Bitewing Survey 169 Periapical Survey: Bisecting-Angle Technique 170 Occlusal Survey 171 Panoramic Radiographic Images 171 Paraclinical Procedures 172 Infection Control 172 Film Processing 173 Essentials of an Adequate Darkroom 174 Lighting 174 Automated Processing 175 Manual Processing 175 Analysis of Completed Radiographs 176 Record Keeping 178 Everyday Ethics 178 Factors to Teach the Patient 179 References 179 Suggested Readings 179 CHAPTER10 EXTRA0RALAND INTRAORAL EXAMINATION 181 Objectives 182 Components of Examination 183 Sequence of Examination 184 Documentation of Findings 184 Morphologic Categories 187 Oral Cancer 190 Procedure for Follow-Up of a Suspicious Lesion 191 Exfoliative Cytology 192 Everyday Ethics 193 Factors to Teach the Patient 193 References 194 Suggested Readings 194 CHAPTER 26 INTERDENTAL CARE 430 The Interdental Area 431 Planning Interdental Care 432 Selective Interdental Biofilm Removal 433 Dental Floss and Tape 433 Tufted Dental Floss 436 Knitting Yarn 436 Gauze Strip 437 Interdental Brushes 437 Single-Tuft Brush (End-Tuft, Unituft) 439 Interdental Tip 439 Toothpick in Holder 440 Wooden Interdental Cleaner 440 Everyday Ethics 441 Factors to Teach the Patient 441 References 441 Suggested Readings 442 CHAPTER 27 DENTIFRICES, MOUTHRINSES, AND IRRIGATION 443 Chemotherapeutics 444 Dentifrices 445 Preventive and Therapeutic Benefits of Dentifrices 445 Cosmetic Effects of Dentifrices 445 Basic Componets of Dentifrices 445 Selection of Dentifrice 446 Mouthrinses 447 Purposes and Uses of Mouthrinses 447 Preventive and Therapeutic Agents of Mouthrinses 447 Commercial Mouthwash Ingredients 449 Procedure for Rinsing 450 Oral Irrigation 450 Beneficial Effects From Irrigation 450 Description of Irrigators 451 Delivery Methods 451 Applications for Practice 452 The Food and Drug Administration (FDA): The Regulatory Agency for Oral Care Products 453 American Dental Association (ADA) Seal of Acceptance Program 454 Everyday Ethics 454 Factors to Teach the Patient 455 References 455 Suggested Readings 456 CHAPTER 28 PATIENT WITH ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCES 458 Cemented Bands and Bonded Brackets 459 Clinical Procedures for Bonding 460 Dental Hygiene Care 461 Completion of Therapy 463 Clinical Procedures for Debanding 463 Clinical Procedures for Debonding 463 Post-Debonding Evaluation 467 Retention 468 Post-Debonding Preventive Care 468 Everyday Ethics 469 Factors to Teach the Patient 469 References 469 Suggested Readings 470 CHAPTER 29 CARE OF DENTAL PROSTHESES 472 Missing Teeth 474 Fixed Partial Dentures 474 Care Procedures for Fixed Prostheses 475 Removable Partial Denture Prostheses 477 Self Care Procedures for Removable Partial Prostheses 477 Complete Denture Prostheses 479 Self Cleaning the Complete Denture Prostheses 481 The Underlying Mucosa 485 Complete Overdenture Prostheses 485 Dental Hygiene Care and Instruction 486 Everyday Ethics 487 Factors to Teach the Patient 487 References 487 Suggested Readings 488 CHAPTER 30 THE PATIENT WITH DENTAL IMPLANTS 489 Types of Dental Implants 490 Endosseous Implant 491 Implant Interfaces 492 Preparation and Placement 492 Periimplant Hygiene 493 Maintenance 495 Everyday Ethics 497 Factors to Teach the Patient 497 References 497 Suggested Readings 498 CHAPTER 31 THE PATIENT WHO USES TOBACCO 501 Health Hazards 503 Components of Tobacco Products 503 Metabolism of Nicotine 504 Systemic Effects 505 Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) 505 Prenatal and Children 506 Oral Manifestations of Tobacco Use 506 Tobacco and Periodontal Infections 506 Nicotine Addiction 507 Treatment 509 Pharmacotherapies Used for Treatment of Nicotine Addiction 511 Nicotine-Free Therapy 511 Dental Hygiene Care for the Patient Who Uses Tobacco 512 Assessment 512 Clinical Treatment Procedures 513 Tobacco Cessation Program 514 The"5A's" 514 The Team Approach 516 Advocacy 516 Everyday Ethics 517 Factors to Teach the Patient 517 References 517 Suggested Readings 519 CHAPTER 32 DIET AND DIETARY ANALYSIS 521 Nutrient Standards for Diet Adequacy in Health Promotion 522 Oral Health Relationships 528 The Dietary Assessment 532 xfv Contents Preparation for Additional Counseling 538 Counseling Procedures 538 Evaluation of Progress 541 Everyday Ethics 541 Factors to Teach the Patient 542 References 542 Suggested Readings 543 CHAPTER 33 FLUORIDES 544 Fluoride Metabolism 545 Fluoride and Tooth Development 546 Tooth Surface Fluoride 547 Demineralization-Remineralization 548 Fluoridation 549 Effects and Benefits of Fluoridation 550 Partial Defluoridation 551 School Fluoridation 551 Discontinued Fluoridation 552 Fluorides in Foods 552 Dietary Fluoride Supplements 552 Clinical Procedures Professional Topical Fluoride 553 Self-Applied Fluorides 558 Tray Technique: Home Application 559 Fluoride Mouthrinses 559 Brush-On Gel 560 Fluoride Dentifrices 561 Combined Fluoride Program 562 Fluoride Safety 562 Everyday Ethics 564 Factors to Teach the Patient 564 References 565 Suggested Readings 567 CHAPTER 34 SEALANTS 569 Development of Sealants 570 How Sealants Work 570 Sealant Materials 571 Indications for Sealant Placement 571 Clinical Procedures 572 Penetration of Sealant 575 Maintenance 576 Everyday Ethics 576 Factors to Teach the Patient 576 References 577 Suggested Readings 577 TREATMENT 579 CHAPTER 35 ANXIETY AND PAIN CONTROL 583 Components of Pain 584 Nonopioid Analgesics 586 Nitrous Oxide-Oxygen Sedation 586 Characteristics of Nitrous Oxide 586 Equipment for Nitrous Oxide-Oxygen 587 Patient Selection 588 Clinical Procedures for Nitrous Oxide—Oxygen Administration 589 Potential Hazards of Occupational Exposure 591 Advantages and Disadvantages of Conscious Sedation Anesthesia 592 Local Anesthesia 592 Pharmacology of Local Anesthetics 592 Indications for Local Anesthesia 594 Patient Assessment 595 Armamentarium for Local Anesthesia 596 Clinical Procedures for Local Anesthetic Administration 598 Potential Adverse Reactions to Local Anesthesia Procedures 600 Advantages and Disadvantages of Local Anesthesia 602 Noninjectable Anesthesia 602 Topical Anesthesia 603 Application of Topical Anesthetic 604 Everyday Ethics 604 Factors to Teach the Patient 605 References 605 Suggested Readings 606 CHAPTER 36 INSTRUMENTS AND PRINCIPLES FOR INSTRUMENTATION 608 Instrument Identification 610 I nstrument Parts 610 Instrument Features 612 The Treatment Instruments 612 Principles for Instrument Use 617 Instrument Grasp 617 Neutral Positions 619 Fulcrum: Finger Rest 619 Adaptation 621 Angulation 622 Lateral Pressure 623 Activation: Stroke 623 Visibility and Accessibility 625 Dexterity Development 625 Prevention of Cumulative Trauma 627 Instrument Sharpening 628 Some Basic Sharpening Principles 630 Sharpening Curets and Sealers 631 Moving Flat Stone: Stationary Instrument 632 Stationary Flat Stone: Moving Instrument 634 Sharpening Cone 635 Mandrel-Mounted Stones 636 Sharpening the File Sealer 637 Sharpening the Hoe Sealer 637 Sharpening the Chisel Sealer 638 Sharpening Explorers 638 Care of Sharpening Equipment 639 Everyday Ethics 639 Factors to Teach the Patient 640 References 640 Suggested Readings 640 CHAPTER 37 NONSURGICAL PERIODONTAL INSTRUMENTATION 641 The Scope of Nonsurgical Therapy 643 Preparation of the Clinician 643 Focus of Treatment 643 Aims and Expected Outcomes 644 Care Plan for Instrumentation 645 Overall Appointment Systems 645 Preparation for Instrumentation 647 Calculus Removal 648 Manual Subgingival Scaling Steps 650 Dental and Dental Hygiene Care 875 Appointment Scheduling 877 Barrier-Free Environment 877 Patient Reception: The Initial Appointment 879 Wheelchair Transfers 880 Patient Position and Stabilization 882 Oral Manifestations 883 Disease Prevention and Control 884 Dental Biofilm Removal 885 Self-Care Aids 886 Instruction for Caregiver 890 Fluorides 891 Pit and Fissure Sealants 892 Diet Instruction 892 Instrumentation 893 Group In-Service Education 895 Everyday Ethics 896 Factors to Teach Patient and Caregiver 897 References 897 Suggested Readings 897 CHAPTER 54 THE PATIENT WHO IS HOMEBOUND 899 Homebound Patients 899 Dental Hygiene Care and Instruction 901 The Unconscious Patient 905 The Terminally 111 Patient 907 Everyday Ethics 908 Factors to Teach the Patient 909 Factors to Teach the Caregiver ' 909 References 909 Suggested Readings 909 CHAPTER 55 THE PATIENT WITH A PHYSICAL IMPAIRMENT 911 Spinal Cord Dysfunctions 912 Spinal Cord Injury 912 Myelomeningocele 917 Cerebrovascular Accident (Stroke) 918 Muscular Dystrophies 921 Myasthenia Gravis 922 Multiple Sclerosis 924 Cerebral Palsy 925 Bell's Palsy 928 Parkinson's Disease 929 Arthritis 929 Scleroderma (Progressive Systemic Sclerosis) 931 Kidney Disease 932 Everyday Ethics 933 Factors to Teach the Patient 934 References 934 Suggested Readings 935 CHAPTER 56 THE PATIENT WITH A SENSORY DISABILITY 937 Americans win Disabilities Act 937 Visual Impairment 938 Hearing Impairment 941 Everyday Ethics 946 Factors to Teach the Patient 947 Reference 947 Suggested Readings 947 CHAPTER 57 FAMILY ABUSE AND NEGLECT 948 Child Maltreatment 949 Elder Maltreatment 952 Intimate Partner Abuse and Violence 953 Documentation 954 Reporting Maltreatment 954 Forensic Dentistry 955 Everyday Ethics 955 Factors to Teach the Patient 955 References 956 Suggested Readings 956 CHAPTER 58 THE PATIENT WITH A SEIZURE DISORDER 957 Epileptic Syndromes 958 Clinical Manifestations 960 Treatment 960 Oral Findings 962 Dental Hygiene Care Plan 965 Emergency Care 966 Everyday Ethics 967 Factors to Teach the Patient 967 References 967 Suggested Readings 968 CHAPTER 59 THE PATIENT WITH A MENTAL DISABILITY 969 Mental Retardation 970 Down Syndrome 974 Autistic Spectrum Disorder 975 Dental Hygiene Care 976 Everyday Ethics 977 Factors to Teach the Patient 977 Factors to Teach the Caregiver 978 References 978 Suggested Readings 980 CHAPTER 60 THE PATIENT WITH PSYCHIATRIC DISORDER 981 Schizophrenia 983 Mood Disorders 985 Major Depressive Disorder 985 Bipolar Disorder 986 Postpartum Mood Disturbances 988 Anxiety Disorders 988 Eating Disorders 990 Anorexia Nervosa 990 Bulimia Nervosa 992 Psychiatric Emergencies 993 Everyday Ethics 994 Factors to Teach the Patient 994 References 994 Suggested Readings 994 CHAPTER 61 THE PATIENT WITH A SUBSTANCE-RELATED DISORDER 996 Alcohol-Related Disorders 998 Metabolism of Alcohol 1000 Health Hazards 1000 Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) 1001 Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome 1002 Treatment for Alcoholism 1003 Prescription and Street Drugs 1004 Most Common Drugs of Abuse 1004 Treatment Methods 1008 Dental Hygiene Care 1008 Clinical Examination 1010 Clinical Treatment and Instruction 1012 Everyday Ethics 1013 Factors to Teach the Patient 1013 References 1013 Suggested Readings 1014 CHAPTER 62 THE PATIENT WITH A RESPIRATORY DISEASE 1016 The Respiratory System 1018 Upper Respiratory Tract Diseases 1019 Lower Respiratory Tract Diseases 1021 Pneumonia 1021 Tuberculosis (TB) 1022 Asthma 1023 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) 1025 Cystic Fibrosis 1027 Summary Guidelines for Dental Hygiene Care 1028 Everyday Ethics 1028 Factors to Teach the Patient 1028 References 1029 Suggested Readings 1030 CHAPTER 63 THE PATIENT WITH A CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE 1032 Classification 1034 Congenital Heart Diseases 1034 Rheumatic Heart Disease 1036 Mitral Valve Prolapse 1037 Infective Endocarditis 1037 Hypertension 1038 Hypertensive Heart Disease 1041 Ischemic Heart Disease 1041 Angina Pectoris 1042 Myocardial Infarction 1043 Congestive Heart Failure 1044 Basic Noninvasive Treatment 1045 Surgical Treatment 1045 Anticoagulant Therapy 1048 Cardiac Surgery 1048 Everyday Ethics 1049 Factors to Teach the Patient 1049 References 1050 Suggested Readings 1050 CHAPTER 64 THE PATIENT WITH A BLOOD DISORDER 1052 Oral Findings Suggestive of Blood Disorders 1053 Normal Blood 1054 Anemias 1057 Iron Deficiency Anemia 1058 Megaloblastic Anemias 1058 Sickle Cell Disease 1059 Polycythemias 1061 White Blood Cells 1061 Bleeding Disorders 1062 Coagulation Disorders 1062 Miscellaneous Treatment Suggestions for Dental Professionals 1064 Everyday Ethics 1064 Factors to Teach the Patient 1065 References 1065 Suggested Readings 1065 CHAPTER 65 THE PATIENT WITH DIABETES MELLITUS 1067 Diabetes Mellitus 1069 Insulin 1069 Diabetes Mellitus Etiologic Classification 1071 Diagnosis of Diabetes 1074 Complications of Diabetes 1074 Medical Treatment and Modifications for Diabetes Control 1075 Medications 1076 Pancreas Transplantation 1077 Blood Glucose Testing 1077 Oral Relationships 1079 Dental Hygiene Care Plan 1080 Everyday Ethics 1081 Factors to Teach the Patient 1081 Diabetes Insipidus 1083 References 1083 Suggested Readings 1083 CHAPTER 66 EMERGENCY CARE 1085 Prevention of Emergencies 1087 Patient Assessment 1087 Stress Minimization 1089 Emergency Materials and Preparation 1090 Basic Life Support 1094 Rescue Breathing 1096 External Chest Compressions 1097 Airway Obstruction 1101 Oxygen Administration 1102 Specific Emergencies 1103 Everyday Ethics 1110 Factors to Teach the Patient 1111 References 1111 Suggested Readings 1111 PREFIXES, SUFFIXES, AND COMBINING FORMS 1113 APPENDIX I AMERICAN DENTAL HYGIENISTS' ASSOCIATION CODE OF ETHICS FOR DENTAL HYGIENISTS 1117 APPENDIX II CANADIAN DENTAL HYGIENISTS' ASSOCIATION CODE OF ETHICS 1121 APPENDIX III THE INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION OF DENTAL HYGIENISTS'CODE OF ETHICS 1127 APPENDIX IV GUIDELINES FOR INFECTION CONTROL IN DENTAL HEALTH-CARE SETTINGS 2003 1129 APPENDIX V AVERAGE MEASUREMENTS OF HUMAN TEETH 1153 INDEX 1t55
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spelling	Wilkins, Esther M. Verfasser aut Clinical practice of the dental hygienist Esther M. Wilkins Dental hygienist 10. ed. Philadelphia [u.a.] Wolters Kluwer Health, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2009 XVIII, 1197 S. Ill., graph. Darst. 1 CD-ROM (12 cm) txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier From the Publisher: The cornerstone text of almost every dental hygienists library is now in its thoroughly updated Tenth Edition. Written in a straightforward, concise outline format, this text equips both students and practitioners with the clinical and educational skills needed for successful practice. Features include full-color artwork and photographs, case-based exercises, procedure boxes, and ethics boxes. The Tenth Edition presents the latest technical advances and research findings and includes a new chapter on teeth whitening. Dental Hygienists Outlines Dental Prophylaxis Outlines Dental hygiene Zahnpflege (DE-588)4067327-3 gnd rswk-swf Zahnpflege (DE-588)4067327-3 s DE-604 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016491204&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis
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title_full	Clinical practice of the dental hygienist Esther M. Wilkins
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title_full_unstemmed	Clinical practice of the dental hygienist Esther M. Wilkins
title_short	Clinical practice of the dental hygienist
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topic	Dental Hygienists Outlines Dental Prophylaxis Outlines Dental hygiene Zahnpflege (DE-588)4067327-3 gnd
topic_facet	Dental Hygienists Outlines Dental Prophylaxis Outlines Dental hygiene Zahnpflege
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