Melancholia władzy: problem tyranii w europejskiej kulturze politycznej XVI stulecia
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|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | Polish |
| Published: |
Warszawa
Wydawnictwo Neriton
2007
|
| Edition: | Wyd. 1. |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Abstract |
| Item Description: | Zsfassung in engl. Sprache u.d.T.: Melancholy of power |
| Physical Description: | 481 s. Ill. 24 cm |
| ISBN: | 9788389729880 |
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|---|---|
| adam_text | Melancholy of power
Problem of tyranny in the political culture
of 16th-century Europe
Summary
Tne
present book attempts to provide the answers to two fundamental questions. Firstly,
how the most severe abuse of monarchical power, traditionally termed from the times of ancient
Greece as tyranny, was comprehended in the
Іб 1
century in comparison with the previous
epochs, especially the late Middle Ages? And secondly, in which way the change in perceiving
tyranny that was taking place in the
Іб1 1
century influenced a discovery of various aspects of
human personality in the context of widely understood political culture of the Renaissance
times?
For the purposes of an in-depth analysis I decided to select two cross-sections within the
16
century. The first was its second decade
-
a time when The Prince by
Niccolo Machiavelli
came into being; the second was mainly the 1570s
-
a period when a tradition of European
anti-Machiavellism was born. It seemed to me that through the analysis of the ways in which
me problem of tyranny was perceived in the political culture of one century at the interval of
50
years I would be able to determine more precisely the changes that occurred in the political
rnentality of the Renaissance. It was also necessary to cover as wide territorial perspective as pos-
Ş ble
that would allow me to compare political awareness of the Europeans in the 16th century
ln order to discover shared and dominant features. For this reason the analysis has included not
°nly the thought and political mentality of Western Europe (Italy, France, German countries,
England) but also of the countries regarded as European peripheries (in the first place Scotland,
olish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, Ducal Prussia and Sweden).
The fruit of this labour is the present book that escapes the categories of the history of
ideas or political thought understood as an evolution of concepts and their changing
connota¬
tone
or description of concepts and doctrines developed by erudite political thinkers. The book
Presents the history of ideas seen as the history of culture and political mentality in occurring
a d action .
At the beginning of the book {Introduction) I present both the developing of the very term
°f tyranny and its place in the discourse of power from the Greek antiquity to the end of the
Middle Ages. I also take into consideration the discussion about the legality of the right of
■^¡stance to tyranny which was so important for die last centuries of the Middle Ages. The
starting point of the first part of the book is an analysis of the content and literary form of//
440
Summary
Principe by
Niccolo Machiavelli
seen as a peculiar monarchical anti-mirror in order to observe
a change that took place in the Renaissance perception of tyranny (Part
1
/Chapter I). Trying to
present a relevance and at the same time innovation of Machiavellian depiction of the
phenomenon (reversion and re-evaluation of some of the elements of the traditional Aristotelian
image of the tyrant) and his ethical relativisation of the tyranny evaluation, in the following
chapters I discuss both fairly traditional interpretation of tyranny presented in the
Instituţiei
Principis Christianihy Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus [Part
1
/ChapterII) and more innovative,
psycholigizing depiction of abuses of tyrannical power in
Ће
History of King Richard III by
Thomas More (Part
1
/Chapter III). The first part is closed by the chapter dedicated to a text that
is very Machiavellian in its significance, although little known in the European historiography
(Callimach s Counsels) ascribed to Italian humanist
Filippo Buonaccorsi
living in Poland in the
second part of the 16th century (Part IIChapter IV).
In the second part of the book I focus my attention mainly on three issues. Firstly, on the
development of a new paradigm of tyranny as denominational strangeness and shaping of mo¬
dem concept of right of resistance in the first and second generation of the Reformation period
(Part 2/Chapter I). Secondly, on the emergence of a phenomenon of systematised anti-
Machiavellism born in France in the wake of anti-Italianism triggered off by the Saint
Bartholomews Day Massacre in
1572
(Gentillet
Innocent,
Discours contre Machiavel)
and
formation of a new paradigm of tyranny as ethnic strangeness (Part 2/Chapter II). And thirdly,
an analysis of the ideas (associated with the so-called relative anti-Machiavellism ) selected from
a major work by Jean
Bodin,
the Six Books on the State, serves to present the next paradigm,
dating back to the Greek antiquity, but reinterpreted and broadened by
Bodin
-
tyranny as
cultural strangeness (Part 2/Chapter III). The second part ends with a chapter tracking down the
reflections of anti-Machiavellism in electoral propaganda supporting the candidature of
a representative of the Moscow s Rurik dynasty for the Polish-Lithuanian throne during the first
interregnum
(1572-1573).
In the third part of the book I attempt to present a process of antropologisation of the
tyrant image that took place in the second part of the
1
б1 1
century. The discovery of more
human face of tyranny was brought about by, among other things, a new approach to the
problem of mental instability of rulers, at the end of the centuiy regarded more as a medical
problem rather than
stricte
political, as it had been previously, at the end of 15th and beginning
of the
16*
century, when mental problems of rulers were made equal with their alleged tyranny
(Part
ò/Chapter
I). A significant role in presenting and popularising the more human face of
power, and thus accompanying abuses of tyranny, was played by the development of public
theatre in Elizabethan England and presentation of the problem of power in the plays by William
Shakespeare and his contemporaries, which was more psychologizing and often avoiding
unequivocal judgements (Part
3/
Chapter II). Finally, to the emergence of a fuller picture of the
virtues and vices of rulers world and more radical concepts of the resistance right contributed
significantly a debate over tyrannical nature of reigning women that was hold at the times of
Queens Mary I, Elizabeth I Tudor and Mary Stuart (Part
З/СЬаріег ПІ).
One of the fundamental factors of the political thought both in the 16th and early modern
times in general
-
despite the relativisation of tyranny problem made by
Machiavelli
and several
authors representing the relative anti-Machiavellism
-
remained the traditional Aristotelian
typology of political systems and their degeneration with a following antinomy: monarchy
—
tyranny. Looking at the evolution of almost two-millennium-old discourse about power (from
Summary
αλλ
ancient Greece to the Renaissance) this contradiction could be regarded as a peculiar simultaneity
ofopposites
-
an inalienable element of the political culture of the era of monarchism.
Following the changes in the political culture at the turn of Medieval Europe, it seems
that a key role in the perception of the world of power in general, and of tyranny in particular,
was played by the dissemination of the printed word. Despite the fact that the audience of the
written word amounted only to about
10
percent of the people at the time, the great output of
printed books and wide variety of other printings in the 16th century made a significant impact
on the circulation
ofinformation
and social communication, including the exchange of meanings
and symbols . This resulted in an early modern media revolution of the Reformation period
and confessional divisions in Europe and in transition from the more mono-media culture, i.e.
based on handwritten texts (apart from the basic medium
-
verbal one) to the more multi-media
culture (verbal communication, printed and handwritten copies of books).
This process led not only to the intensification of social communication but also to the
unprecedented popularisation of elite culture of the written word, and in consequence to the
development and diversification of various literary genres that diversified and enriched the
contents their transmitted. The new medium of expression influenced also the development of
new literary genres and forms as well as new meanings communicated by literature and belles-
lettres. A special role was played here by the emergence of the most multimedia means of
expression, i.e. lay public theatre (simultaneous verbal and visual communication, based on
a written text), and especially popular theatre which bridged a gap between high culture and
popular one.
The image of rulers presented in literature increasingly anthropomorphised , straying away
from a black and white and moralised picture of power presented in die traditional mirrors of
kings
-
a genre of political literature developed in the Middle Ages. As early as at the beginning
of the 16th century the emergence of historical novel (More,
Machiavelli)
brought about
a deteologised, secular to the core, literary image of a ruler- man, who was human, with human
passions and weaknesses. The full psychological depth was given to the image in the dramatic
texts written for the Elizabethan popular theatre, which was a form of art linking high culture
with popular culture. The psychologisation of the image of monarchic power aroused growing
interest in the problem of tyranny. From then on it could be regarded not only as breaking the
aws of a political community bur also in more general terms
-
as violating various norms of an
individual s life, including spiritual one. In this cultural context the subject of tyranny- political
ev l> killing and cruelty, in short: extreme human behaviour and mental state
-
provided the
talented and outstanding authors, like Christopher Marlowe or William Shakespeare, with
attractive and popular literary material. It seems to me that it was in the very literature of the
Period, particularly in a difficult to define
literáty
trend of anu-Machiavellism, that through the
Presentation of contradictory states of human psyche and behaviour the antinomy between king
an<J tyrant became increasingly the simultaneity of opposites
-
which was a trendy vision of
a
«ian
and human double nature in the Renaissance culture influenced by the aura of the
Philosophy of
Neoplatonism.
translated by
Grażyna
Walugit
Spis treści
Podziękowania
..................................................7
Wprowadzenie. Jedność opozycji: pochwała monarchii i krytyka tyranii
w antyku i wiekach średnich
.....................................9
Część
1.
Przewrót
machìavellowski:
tyran
à rebours
Początek nowej epoki
Rozdział I.
Machiavellowski
paradoks
.............................33
Rozdział
II.
Moment
machiavellowski a
poprawność polityczna
Erazma z
Rotterdamu
.........................................89
Rozdział III. Tomasz Morus i
Niccolo Machiavelli:
tyrańskie lektury
epoki renesansu?
............................................127
Rozdział
IV.
Rady Kallimacha: propaganda w duchu
machiavellowskim
czy antymakiawelskim?
.......................................161
Część
2.
Moment antymakiawelski: tyran przywrócony
Tyran jako obcy w epoce rebelii i wojen wyznaniowych w Europie
Rozdział I. Reformacja: od posłuszeństwa do prawa oporu
-
paradygmat tyranii jako obcości wyznaniowej
....................182
Rozdział
II.
Narodziny antymakiawelizmu:
Innocent
Gentillet
-
tyrania jako obcość etniczna
..................................209
Rozdział III.
Jean Bodin
—
despotia jako obcość kulturowa
...........231
Rozdział
IV.
Tyran swojski i obcy w literaturze propagandowej
pierwszego bezkrólewia w polsko-litewskiej Rzeczypospolitej
...........252
Część
3.
Na scenie teatru i życia: tyran uczłowieczony. Wizerunki
rządzących w dobie abdykacji i detronizacji
Rozdział I. Tyran jako szaleniec: z dziejów panowania i choroby
umysłowej
Albrechta
Fryderyka pruskiego i Eryka
XIV
szwedzkiego
.....286
Rozdział
II.
Tyran jako człowiek: antymakiawelizm w Anglii
a teatr elżbietański
...........................................329
Rozdział III. Kobieta jako tyran: Maria Stuart, królowa Szkotów
versus
Elżbieta Wielka, królowa Anglii
............................360
Uwagi końcowe. Relatywizacja problemu tyranii w kulturze politycznej
XVI
stulecia. Po-słowie
..........................................412
Summary
....................................................439
Bibliografia
...................................................442
Indeks osobowy
...............................................465
|
| adam_txt |
Melancholy of power
Problem of tyranny in the political culture
of 16th-century Europe
Summary
Tne
present book attempts to provide the answers to two fundamental questions. Firstly,
how the most severe abuse of monarchical power, traditionally termed from the times of ancient
Greece as 'tyranny, was comprehended in the
Іб'1'
century in comparison with the previous
epochs, especially the late Middle Ages? And secondly, in which way the change in perceiving
tyranny that was taking place in the
Іб1'1
century influenced a 'discovery' of various aspects of
human personality in the context of widely understood political culture of the Renaissance
times?
For the purposes of an in-depth analysis I decided to select two 'cross-sections' within the
16"
century. The first was its second decade
-
a time when The Prince by
Niccolo Machiavelli
came into being; the second was mainly the 1570s
-
a period when a tradition of European
anti-Machiavellism was born. It seemed to me that through the analysis of the ways in which
me problem of tyranny was perceived in the political culture of one century at the interval of
50
years I would be able to determine more precisely the changes that occurred in the political
rnentality of the Renaissance. It was also necessary to cover as wide territorial perspective as pos-
Ş'ble
that would allow me to compare political awareness of the Europeans in the 16th century
ln order to discover shared and dominant features. For this reason the analysis has included not
°nly the thought and political mentality of Western Europe (Italy, France, German countries,
England) but also of the countries regarded as European peripheries (in the first place Scotland,
"olish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, Ducal Prussia and Sweden).
The fruit of this labour is the present book that escapes the categories of the history of
ideas or political thought understood as an evolution of concepts and their changing
connota¬
tone
or description of concepts and doctrines developed by erudite political thinkers. The book
Presents the history of ideas seen as the history of culture and political mentality 'in occurring
a"d action'.
At the beginning of the book {Introduction) I present both the developing of the very term
°f tyranny and its place in the discourse of power from the Greek antiquity to the end of the
Middle Ages. I also take into consideration the discussion about the legality of the right of
■^¡stance to tyranny which was so important for die last centuries of the Middle Ages. The
starting point of the first part of the book is an analysis of the content and literary form of//
440
Summary
Principe by
Niccolo Machiavelli
seen as a peculiar monarchical anti-mirror in order to observe
a change that took place in the Renaissance perception of tyranny (Part
1
/Chapter I). Trying to
present a relevance and at the same time innovation of Machiavellian depiction of the
phenomenon (reversion and re-evaluation of some of the elements of the traditional Aristotelian
image of the tyrant) and his ethical relativisation of the tyranny evaluation, in the following
chapters I discuss both fairly traditional interpretation of tyranny presented in the
Instituţiei
Principis Christianihy Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus [Part
1
/ChapterII) and more innovative,
'psycholigizing' depiction of abuses of tyrannical power in
Ће
History of King Richard III by
Thomas More (Part
1
/Chapter III). The first part is closed by the chapter dedicated to a text that
is very Machiavellian in its significance, although little known in the European historiography
(Callimach's Counsels) ascribed to Italian humanist
Filippo Buonaccorsi
living in Poland in the
second part of the 16th century (Part IIChapter IV).
In the second part of the book I focus my attention mainly on three issues. Firstly, on the
development of a new paradigm of tyranny as denominational strangeness and shaping of mo¬
dem concept of right of resistance in the first and second generation of the Reformation period
(Part 2/Chapter I). Secondly, on the emergence of a phenomenon of systematised anti-
Machiavellism born in France in the wake of anti-Italianism triggered off by the Saint
Bartholomews Day Massacre in
1572
(Gentillet
Innocent,
Discours contre Machiavel)
and
formation of a new paradigm of tyranny as ethnic strangeness (Part 2/Chapter II). And thirdly,
an analysis of the ideas (associated with the so-called 'relative anti-Machiavellism') selected from
a major work by Jean
Bodin,
the Six Books on the State, serves to present the next paradigm,
dating back to the Greek antiquity, but reinterpreted and broadened by
Bodin
-
tyranny as
cultural strangeness (Part 2/Chapter III). The second part ends with a chapter tracking down the
reflections of anti-Machiavellism in electoral propaganda supporting the candidature of
a representative of the Moscow's Rurik dynasty for the Polish-Lithuanian throne during the first
interregnum
(1572-1573).
In the third part of the book I attempt to present a process of antropologisation of the
tyrant image that took place in the second part of the
1
б1'1
century. The discovery of more
'human face of tyranny was brought about by, among other things, a new approach to the
problem of mental instability of rulers, at the end of the centuiy regarded more as a medical
problem rather than
stricte
political, as it had been previously, at the end of 15th and beginning
of the
16*
century, when mental problems of rulers were made equal with their alleged tyranny
(Part
ò/Chapter
I). A significant role in presenting and popularising the more 'human' face of
power, and thus accompanying abuses of tyranny, was played by the development of public
theatre in Elizabethan England and presentation of the problem of power in the plays by William
Shakespeare and his contemporaries, which was more psychologizing and often avoiding
unequivocal judgements (Part
3/
Chapter II). Finally, to the emergence of a fuller picture of the
virtues and vices of rulers' world and more radical concepts of the resistance right contributed
significantly a debate over 'tyrannical nature' of reigning women that was hold at the times of
Queens Mary I, Elizabeth I Tudor and Mary Stuart (Part
З/СЬаріег ПІ).
One of the fundamental factors of the political thought both in the 16th and early modern
times in general
-
despite the relativisation of tyranny problem made by
Machiavelli
and several
authors representing the 'relative' anti-Machiavellism
-
remained the traditional Aristotelian
typology of political systems and their degeneration with a following antinomy: monarchy
—
tyranny. Looking at the evolution of almost two-millennium-old discourse about power (from
Summary
αλλ
ancient Greece to the Renaissance) this contradiction could be regarded as a peculiar 'simultaneity
ofopposites'
-
an inalienable element of the political culture of the era of monarchism.
Following the changes in the political culture at the turn of Medieval Europe, it seems
that a key role in the perception of the world of power in general, and of tyranny in particular,
was played by the dissemination of the printed word. Despite the fact that the audience of the
written word amounted only to about
10
percent of the people at the time, the great output of
printed books and wide variety of other printings in the 16th century made a significant impact
on the circulation
ofinformation
and social communication, including the 'exchange of meanings
and symbols'. This resulted in an 'early modern media revolution' of the Reformation period
and confessional divisions in Europe and in transition from the more mono-media culture, i.e.
based on handwritten texts (apart from the basic medium
-
verbal one) to the more multi-media
culture (verbal communication, printed and handwritten copies of books).
This process led not only to the intensification of social communication but also to the
unprecedented popularisation of elite culture of the written word, and in consequence to the
development and diversification of various literary genres that diversified and enriched the
contents their transmitted. The new medium of expression influenced also the development of
new literary genres and forms as well as new meanings communicated by literature and belles-
lettres. A special role was played here by the emergence of the most multimedia means of
expression, i.e. lay public theatre (simultaneous verbal and visual communication, based on
a written text), and especially popular theatre which bridged a gap between high culture and
popular one.
The image of rulers presented in literature increasingly 'anthropomorphised', straying away
from a black and white and moralised picture of power presented in die traditional mirrors of
kings
-
a genre of political literature developed in the Middle Ages. As early as at the beginning
of the 16th century the emergence of historical novel (More,
Machiavelli)
brought about
a deteologised, secular to the core, literary image of a ruler- man, who was human, with human
passions and weaknesses. The full psychological depth was given to the image in the dramatic
texts written for the Elizabethan popular theatre, which was a form of art linking high culture
with popular culture. The psychologisation of the image of monarchic power aroused growing
interest in the problem of tyranny. From then on it could be regarded not only as breaking the
'aws of a political community bur also in more general terms
-
as violating various norms of an
individual's life, including spiritual one. In this cultural context the subject of tyranny- political
ev'l> killing and cruelty, in short: extreme human behaviour and mental state
-
provided the
talented and outstanding authors, like Christopher Marlowe or William Shakespeare, with
attractive and popular literary material. It seems to me that it was in the very literature of the
Period, particularly in a difficult to define
literáty
trend of anu-Machiavellism, that through the
Presentation of contradictory states of human psyche and behaviour the antinomy between king
an<J tyrant became increasingly the 'simultaneity of opposites'
-
which was a trendy vision of
a
«ian
and human 'double' nature in the Renaissance culture influenced by the aura of the
Philosophy of
Neoplatonism.
translated by
Grażyna
Walugit
Spis treści
Podziękowania
.7
Wprowadzenie. Jedność opozycji: pochwała monarchii i krytyka tyranii
w antyku i wiekach średnich
.9
Część
1.
Przewrót
machìavellowski:
tyran
à rebours
Początek nowej epoki
Rozdział I.
Machiavellowski
paradoks
.33
Rozdział
II.
Moment
machiavellowski a
poprawność polityczna
Erazma z
Rotterdamu
.89
Rozdział III. Tomasz Morus i
Niccolo Machiavelli:
tyrańskie lektury
epoki renesansu?
.127
Rozdział
IV.
Rady Kallimacha: propaganda w duchu
machiavellowskim
czy antymakiawelskim?
.161
Część
2.
Moment antymakiawelski: tyran przywrócony
Tyran jako obcy w epoce rebelii i wojen wyznaniowych w Europie
Rozdział I. Reformacja: od posłuszeństwa do prawa oporu
-
paradygmat tyranii jako obcości wyznaniowej
.182
Rozdział
II.
Narodziny antymakiawelizmu:
Innocent
Gentillet
-
tyrania jako obcość etniczna
.209
Rozdział III.
Jean Bodin
—
despotia jako obcość kulturowa
.231
Rozdział
IV.
Tyran swojski i obcy w literaturze propagandowej
pierwszego bezkrólewia w polsko-litewskiej Rzeczypospolitej
.252
Część
3.
Na scenie teatru i życia: tyran uczłowieczony. Wizerunki
rządzących w dobie abdykacji i detronizacji
Rozdział I. Tyran jako szaleniec: z dziejów panowania i choroby
umysłowej
Albrechta
Fryderyka pruskiego i Eryka
XIV
szwedzkiego
.286
Rozdział
II.
Tyran jako człowiek: antymakiawelizm w Anglii
a teatr elżbietański
.329
Rozdział III. Kobieta jako tyran: Maria Stuart, królowa Szkotów
versus
Elżbieta Wielka, królowa Anglii
.360
Uwagi końcowe. Relatywizacja problemu tyranii w kulturze politycznej
XVI
stulecia. Po-słowie
.412
Summary
.439
Bibliografia
.442
Indeks osobowy
.465 |
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| author | Kąkolewski, Igor 1963- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)171757556 |
| author_facet | Kąkolewski, Igor 1963- |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Kąkolewski, Igor 1963- |
| author_variant | i k ik |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV023305234 |
| contents | Bibliogr. s. 442-464. Indeks |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)176931088 (DE-599)BVBBV023305234 |
| edition | Wyd. 1. |
| era | Geschichte 1500-1600 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1500-1600 |
| format | Book |
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| geographic | Europa (DE-588)4015701-5 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Europa |
| id | DE-604.BV023305234 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T20:48:12Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T21:15:26Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9788389729880 |
| language | Polish |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016489619 |
| oclc_num | 176931088 |
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| owner | DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 |
| physical | 481 s. Ill. 24 cm |
| psigel | DHB_JDG_ISBN_1 |
| publishDate | 2007 |
| publishDateSearch | 2007 |
| publishDateSort | 2007 |
| publisher | Wydawnictwo Neriton |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Kąkolewski, Igor 1963- Verfasser (DE-588)171757556 aut Melancholia władzy problem tyranii w europejskiej kulturze politycznej XVI stulecia Igor Kąkolewski Wyd. 1. Warszawa Wydawnictwo Neriton 2007 481 s. Ill. 24 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Zsfassung in engl. Sprache u.d.T.: Melancholy of power Bibliogr. s. 442-464. Indeks Geschichte 1500-1600 gnd rswk-swf Politisches Denken (DE-588)4115590-7 gnd rswk-swf Tyrann Motiv (DE-588)4195010-0 gnd rswk-swf Europa (DE-588)4015701-5 gnd rswk-swf Europa (DE-588)4015701-5 g Politisches Denken (DE-588)4115590-7 s Tyrann Motiv (DE-588)4195010-0 s Geschichte 1500-1600 z DE-604 Digitalisierung BSBMuenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016489619&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016489619&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract |
| spellingShingle | Kąkolewski, Igor 1963- Melancholia władzy problem tyranii w europejskiej kulturze politycznej XVI stulecia Bibliogr. s. 442-464. Indeks Politisches Denken (DE-588)4115590-7 gnd Tyrann Motiv (DE-588)4195010-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4115590-7 (DE-588)4195010-0 (DE-588)4015701-5 |
| title | Melancholia władzy problem tyranii w europejskiej kulturze politycznej XVI stulecia |
| title_auth | Melancholia władzy problem tyranii w europejskiej kulturze politycznej XVI stulecia |
| title_exact_search | Melancholia władzy problem tyranii w europejskiej kulturze politycznej XVI stulecia |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Melancholia władzy problem tyranii w europejskiej kulturze politycznej XVI stulecia |
| title_full | Melancholia władzy problem tyranii w europejskiej kulturze politycznej XVI stulecia Igor Kąkolewski |
| title_fullStr | Melancholia władzy problem tyranii w europejskiej kulturze politycznej XVI stulecia Igor Kąkolewski |
| title_full_unstemmed | Melancholia władzy problem tyranii w europejskiej kulturze politycznej XVI stulecia Igor Kąkolewski |
| title_short | Melancholia władzy |
| title_sort | melancholia wladzy problem tyranii w europejskiej kulturze politycznej xvi stulecia |
| title_sub | problem tyranii w europejskiej kulturze politycznej XVI stulecia |
| topic | Politisches Denken (DE-588)4115590-7 gnd Tyrann Motiv (DE-588)4195010-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Politisches Denken Tyrann Motiv Europa |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016489619&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016489619&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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