Verfügbarkeit: Tide and wreck

Tide and wreck: history of the Jews of Vardar Macedonia

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Bibliographische Detailangaben
1. Verfasser:	Lebel, G'eni 1927-2009 (VerfasserIn)
Format:	Buch
Sprache:	English Serbian
Veröffentlicht:	Bergenfield, NJ Avotaynu 2008
Schlagworte:	Geschichte aJews zMacedonia (Republic) xHistory Juden Jews > Macedonia (Republic) > History Macedonia (Republic) > Civilization Vardar-Gebiet Nordmazedonien
Online-Zugang:	Inhaltsverzeichnis
Beschreibung:	XXII, 404 S. Ill., Kt.
ISBN:	9781886223370

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Datensatz im Suchindex

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adam_text	Tide and Wreck Contents A Word By the Author ...............................................................................................ix Transliteration / Transcription ............................................................................xiii Definitions and Short Historical Overview .............................................................xiv Division of Jewry in the Diaspora ............................................................................xv INTRODUCTION ..............................................................................................................xvii Responsa: The Literature of Questions and Answers .............................................xix Turkish Documents .................................................................................................xxi Vardar Macedonia: a Short Survey .........................................................................1 Geography and Demography .....................................................................................1 Borders, Mountains, Rivers, Roads ............................................................................2 Short Historical Review .............................................................................................3 Macedonia Under Serbian Rule .................................................................................5 Ottoman Rule .............................................................................................................6 towns and Communities ............................................................................................. 11 Stobi .........................................................................................................................11 Ohrid ........................................................................................................................15 Jehuda-Leon Mosconi ...........................................................................16 Moving to Constantinople .....................................................................16 Dojran ......................................................................................................................17 Strumica ...................................................................................................................21 Kratovo ....................................................................................................................22 Štip ...........................................................................................................................24 Beginning of the Jewish Community in Štip .........................................25 Monastir/ Bitola ......................................................................................................27 The Jews in Monastir .............................................................................31 Aggravation of the Inter-Communal Relations .....................................32 Skopje ......................................................................................................................35 Yahudi-Hane in Skopje .........................................................................39 Shemuel Richoma Settles in Skopje ......................................................42 Two Jewish Communities in Skopje .....................................................44 NATURAL AND MAN-MADE DISASTERS .........................................................................46 Destructive Burnings ................................................................................................46 Epidemics .................................................................................................................50 Rights and Restrictions ............................................................................................51 iii Tide and Wreck Economy and Handicrafts ........................................................................................53 Vakif System ............................................................................................................53 Professions ...............................................................................................................53 Grain and Flour Merchants ......................................................................................54 Leather Industry .......................................................................................................54 Pastures and Herds ...................................................................................................55 Textile Industry ........................................................................................................55 Silk ...........................................................................................................................58 Milk and Dairy Products ..........................................................................................58 Wine Production ......................................................................................................58 Ritual Slaughter ........................................................................................................59 Caravanserais and Inns .............................................................................................60 Mining ......................................................................................................................61 Goldsmiths ...............................................................................................................62 Physicians and Pharmacists ......................................................................................65 Village Fairs .............................................................................................................67 Partnerships ..............................................................................................................68 Changes in the Value of Money ...............................................................................69 Jewish Consuls and Factors .....................................................................................70 State Taxes and Tributes ..........................................................................................71 Jewish Tax Collectors ..............................................................................................73 Small Bankers ..........................................................................................................76 Exemptions in the Nineteenth Century ....................................................................77 Internal Tributes .......................................................................................................78 Privileged Classes ....................................................................................................79 Ragusa and the Ottoman Empire ..............................................................................81 Ragusa and the Jews ................................................................................................82 Consuls of the Levantine Jews .................................................................................84 Activities of Macedonian Jews in Ragusa ...............................................................86 Family Life ....................................................................................................................88 Family Customs .......................................................................................................88 Male and Female Slaves ..........................................................................................99 Secession from Jewry .............................................................................................101 CEMETERIES AND FUNERAL CUSTOMS ..........................................................................102 Skopje ....................................................................................................................104 Monastir / Bitola ....................................................................................................106 Štip......................................................................................................................... 108 Strumica .................................................................................................................108 MESSIANIC MOVEMENT AND THE TOWNS OF MACEDONIA ...........................................109 Shabbetai Zvi and Nathan of Gaza .........................................................................109 Legend of the Holy Sepulcher in Bitola .................................................................114 Origin of Legends ..................................................................................................115 Cabbalah in the Towns of Macedonia ....................................................................115 iv Tide and Wreck Aliyot New Immigrants and Their Problems ........................................................116 Austrian Occupation of Skopje in 1689.................................................................120 Capture of the Skopje Jews ....................................................................................121 Testimonies of Returnees on the Events ................................................................124 Spiritual and Political Leaders of Macedonian Jewry ....................................127 Skopje ....................................................................................................................128 Monastir/ Bitola ....................................................................................................132 Creative Work of Rabbi Shabbetai D Jaen ...........................................................142 Educational Institutions ..........................................................................................144 Talmud-Torah ................................................................................................144 Alliance Israelite Universelle Schools ...........................................................147 From the Beginning of the Twentieth Century Until World War і ..............150 Rafael Kamhi - One of the Leaders of the V.M.R.0 .............................................150 Young Turks and the Jews ....................................................................................151 Report of the Union of Israelitic Societies .............................................................154 Skopje ....................................................................................................................154 Monastir / Bitola ....................................................................................................154 Štip......................................................................................................................... 155 Strumica .................................................................................................................156 Dojran ....................................................................................................................157 Veles, Prilep, Gevgelia, Kumanovo, Bujanovac ....................................................158 Rabbi Schlang and the Position of the Jews of Southern Serbia .........................159 New Borders ..........................................................................................................160 Jovan Mandil and Samuilo Alkalay in Bitola ........................................................162 Belgrade Leaders in the Service of the Serb Propaganda ......................................163 WORLD WAR I (1914-1918)..........................................................................................165 Between two world Wars ..................................................................................... 1 68 An Attempt at Discrimination ................................................................................168 Attempted Attacks on Jews ..................................................................................169 Oath of the Jewish Soldiers ....................................................................................170 Skopje ....................................................................................................................171 Rivalries and the Leadership of the Skopje Community .....................171 Rules of the Jewish Community of Skopje .........................................173 Jewish Religious Life in Decline .........................................................174 Case of Kalmi Altarais........................................................................ 176 Club of Skopje Jews and the Jewish Casino .......................................177 Jewish Community s Social Assistance ...............................................178 Professions of the Skopje Jews in 1940..............................................178 Institutions of the Skopje Jewish Community .....................................179 Bitola ......................................................................................................................180 Jewish Institutions ...............................................................................180 Natural Population Growth and Emigration ........................................ 186 v Tide and Wreck Extended Family Under One Roof .................................................................187 LeonM. Kamhi ..............................................................................................188 Northerners Come Down to Bitola .................................................................189 Štip .........................................................................................................................191 Attempts to Renew the Štip Community ........................................................191 Forty Families with the Family Name Zion in Štip ........................................195 Zionism and the Towns of Macedonia ...................................................................197 Skopje ....................................................................................................................198 Joseph Bechar-the Zionist Leader of Skopje ...............................................200 Conference of the Zionist Youth of Southern Serbia .....................................201 Cultural Sections ...........................................................................................201 Bitola ......................................................................................................................207 Problems with the Emigration to Eretz Israel ...........................................212 Hachsharah and Aliyah ..................................................................................213 Palestine Office and the Problem of Certificates ...........................................215 Emigrants from Bitola in Eretz Israel .............................................................217 Solidarity with the German Jews ...................................................................219 Zionist youth Organizations ..................................................................................221 Hashomer Hatsair ..................................................................................................223 Tehelet-Lavan - Netsach ........................................................................................231 Betar - Brit Trumpeldor (Trumpeldor Covenant) ..................................................231 Nursery and School Teachers from Palestine ........................................................232 Elementary and Higher Education .........................................................................236 Years of Reconstruction and Adaptation ...............................................................239 Anti- Jewish Laws ...................................................................................................240 Success of the Communist Party in Bitola ............................................................241 WORLD WAR II ..............................................................................................................243 Bulgarian Law for the Protection of the Nation .....................................................244 Dilemma in the Communist Ranks ........................................................................244 Bulgarian Army Actively Involved in the Occupation and Atrocities in Serbia .......................................................................247 Historical Greater Bulgaria ....................................................................................248 Commission for the Registration of Jewish Property: Declaration ......................249 Commissariat for Jewish Questions Alexander Belev - Higher Commissar for Jews ............................................251 Bulgarians Deliver the Refugees from Belgrade to the Germans ..........................253 Jews Were Denied Bulgarian Citizenship .............................................................256 Steps for the Solution of the Jewish Question - The Abandonment of Bulgarian Jews Abroad .............................................258 RM 250 Per Head For Services Concerning the Deportation and Acceptamce of Deported Bulgarian Jews .....................................................259 Shield of Davidbadges: the Jews Had to Pay to Be Marked .................................261 Jewish Home Marked and Entrance for Jews Forbidden ..................................262 vi Tide and Wreck Jewish Community in Skopje before Deportation .................................................264 Jewish Kitchen for Poor in Skopje .........................................................................265 Optimism Until the End: Courses of Hebrew Language and Culture ....................267 Jews Forbidden to Bear Bulgarian Sounding Names and Bulgarian Endings ...............................................................................................270 Belev s Plan for the Expulsion ...............................................................................272 Bitola - December 1942 - Expulsion of 11 Leaders of the Jewish Community ............................................275 No Cars for the Jewish Kindertransport Through Bulgaria? ..................................276 March 11,1943.........................................................................................................277 Bitola: Precise Execution of the Plan .....................................................................277 Action in Štip .......................................................................................................279 Monopol in Skopje ..................................................................................................282 Economy of Cars ....................................................................................................287 Victims Pay Their Own Fares ...............................................................................288 The Bulgarians Hand the Victims to the Germans .................................................289 Pirot Under Bulgarian Rule ..................................................................................291 Expulsion from Pirot ..............................................................................................293 Goodbye Pirot, Goodbye My Home! .................................................................299 Steamships or Towed Barges? ...............................................................................299 End of the road: Treblinka Death Camp ..............................................................303 Report of Artur Vitte, the German Consul in Skopje ............................................307 Pillage of Jewish Property ..................................................................................313 Report on the Liquidation of the Jewish Property ..................................................315 Examples of the Legal Pillage of Jewish Property ..............................................317 Macedonian Communists: Occupation or Liberation? ...........................................322 MACEDONIAN JEWS IN THE RESISTANCE MOVEMENT ..................................................324 Jews of Bitola in the Liberation Struggle ..............................................................326 Save Who Can-Any Way Possible! ..................................................................332 Parachutist Niss im Testa-Arazi.............................................................................334 Righteous Gentiles ................................................................................................335 Dr. Kostov and Jewish Physicians and Pharmacists ..............................................337 Spain and the Macedonian Jews ............................................................................339 German Anger at the Italian Consul .......................................................................341 Jewish POWs in Germany .....................................................................................343 Praise for the Albanian People ...............................................................................345 21st Waffen-SS Mountain Division Skanderbeg ...................................................348 War Criminals ........................................................................................................349 End of the War and Expecting the Returnees .......................................................350 Leaving for Israel ..................................................................................................353 Earthquake in Skopje, July 26,1963 ...................................................................353 vii Tide and Wreck Bulgarian Forest in Israel .....................................................................................355 In Memoriam ........................................................................................................358 APPENDICES ...................................................................................................................360 Holidays and Holiday Customs ..............................................................................361 Names of Macedonian Jews ...................................................................................368 NOTES ...........................................................................................................................372 Bibliography ..............................................................................................................383 Index of Names ...........................................................................................................390 viii
adam_txt	Tide and Wreck Contents A Word By the Author .ix Transliteration / Transcription .xiii Definitions and Short Historical Overview .xiv Division of Jewry in the Diaspora .xv INTRODUCTION .xvii Responsa: The Literature of Questions and Answers .xix Turkish Documents .xxi Vardar Macedonia: a Short Survey .1 Geography and Demography .1 Borders, Mountains, Rivers, Roads .2 Short Historical Review .3 Macedonia Under Serbian Rule .5 Ottoman Rule .6 towns and Communities . 11 Stobi .11 Ohrid .15 Jehuda-Leon Mosconi .16 Moving to Constantinople .16 Dojran .17 Strumica .21 Kratovo .22 Štip .24 Beginning of the Jewish Community in Štip .25 Monastir/ Bitola .27 The Jews in Monastir .31 Aggravation of the Inter-Communal Relations .32 Skopje .35 Yahudi-Hane in Skopje .39 Shemuel Richoma Settles in Skopje .42 Two Jewish Communities in Skopje .44 NATURAL AND MAN-MADE DISASTERS .46 Destructive Burnings .46 Epidemics .50 Rights and Restrictions .51 iii Tide and Wreck Economy and Handicrafts .53 Vakif System .53 Professions .53 Grain and Flour Merchants .54 Leather Industry .54 Pastures and Herds .55 Textile Industry .55 Silk .58 Milk and Dairy Products .58 Wine Production .58 Ritual Slaughter .59 Caravanserais and Inns .60 Mining .61 Goldsmiths .62 Physicians and Pharmacists .65 Village Fairs .67 Partnerships .68 Changes in the Value of Money .69 Jewish Consuls and Factors .70 State Taxes and Tributes .71 Jewish Tax Collectors .73 Small Bankers .76 Exemptions in the Nineteenth Century .77 Internal Tributes .78 Privileged Classes .79 Ragusa and the Ottoman Empire .81 Ragusa and the Jews .82 Consuls of the Levantine Jews .84 Activities of Macedonian Jews in Ragusa .86 Family Life .88 Family Customs .88 Male and Female Slaves .99 Secession from Jewry .101 CEMETERIES AND FUNERAL CUSTOMS .102 Skopje .104 Monastir / Bitola .106 Štip. 108 Strumica .108 MESSIANIC MOVEMENT AND THE TOWNS OF MACEDONIA .109 Shabbetai Zvi and Nathan of Gaza .109 Legend of the Holy Sepulcher in Bitola .114 Origin of Legends .115 Cabbalah in the Towns of Macedonia .115 iv Tide and Wreck Aliyot New Immigrants and Their Problems .116 Austrian Occupation of Skopje in 1689.120 Capture of the Skopje Jews .121 Testimonies of Returnees on the Events .124 Spiritual and Political Leaders of Macedonian Jewry .127 Skopje .128 Monastir/ Bitola .132 Creative Work of Rabbi Shabbetai D'Jaen .142 Educational Institutions .144 Talmud-Torah .144 Alliance Israelite Universelle Schools .147 From the Beginning of the Twentieth Century Until World War і .150 Rafael Kamhi - One of the Leaders of the V.M.R.0 .150 Young Turks and the Jews .151 Report of the Union of Israelitic Societies .154 Skopje .154 Monastir / Bitola .154 Štip. 155 Strumica .156 Dojran .157 Veles, Prilep, Gevgelia, Kumanovo, Bujanovac .158 Rabbi Schlang and the Position of the Jews of'Southern Serbia' .159 New Borders .160 Jovan Mandil and Samuilo Alkalay in Bitola .162 Belgrade Leaders in the Service of the Serb Propaganda .163 WORLD WAR I (1914-1918).165 Between two world Wars . 1 68 An Attempt at Discrimination .168 Attempted Attacks on Jews .169 Oath of the Jewish Soldiers .170 Skopje .171 Rivalries and the Leadership of the Skopje Community .171 Rules of the Jewish Community of Skopje .173 Jewish Religious Life in Decline .174 Case of Kalmi Altarais. 176 Club of Skopje Jews and the Jewish Casino .177 Jewish Community's Social Assistance .178 Professions of the Skopje Jews in 1940.178 Institutions of the Skopje Jewish Community .179 Bitola .180 Jewish Institutions .180 Natural Population Growth and Emigration . 186 v Tide and Wreck Extended Family Under One Roof .187 LeonM. Kamhi .188 Northerners Come Down to Bitola .189 Štip .191 Attempts to Renew the Štip Community .191 Forty Families with the Family Name Zion in Štip .195 Zionism and the Towns of Macedonia .197 Skopje .198 Joseph Bechar-the Zionist Leader of Skopje .200 Conference of the Zionist Youth of Southern Serbia .201 Cultural Sections .201 Bitola .207 Problems with the Emigration to Eretz Israel .212 Hachsharah and Aliyah .213 Palestine Office and the Problem of Certificates .215 Emigrants from Bitola in Eretz Israel .217 Solidarity with the German Jews .219 Zionist youth Organizations .221 Hashomer Hatsair .223 Tehelet-Lavan - Netsach .231 Betar - Brit Trumpeldor (Trumpeldor Covenant) .231 Nursery and School Teachers from Palestine .232 Elementary and Higher Education .236 Years of Reconstruction and Adaptation .239 Anti- Jewish Laws .240 Success of the Communist Party in Bitola .241 WORLD WAR II .243 Bulgarian Law for the Protection of the Nation .244 Dilemma in the Communist Ranks .244 Bulgarian Army Actively Involved in the Occupation and Atrocities in Serbia .247 Historical Greater Bulgaria .248 Commission for the Registration of Jewish Property: Declaration .249 Commissariat for Jewish Questions Alexander Belev - Higher Commissar for Jews .251 Bulgarians Deliver the Refugees from Belgrade to the Germans .253 Jews Were Denied Bulgarian Citizenship .256 Steps for the Solution of the Jewish Question - The Abandonment of Bulgarian Jews Abroad .258 RM 250 Per Head 'For Services Concerning the Deportation and Acceptamce of Deported Bulgarian Jews .259 Shield of 'Davidbadges: the Jews Had to Pay to Be Marked .261 Jewish Home Marked and 'Entrance for Jews Forbidden' .262 vi Tide and Wreck Jewish Community in Skopje before Deportation .264 Jewish Kitchen for Poor in Skopje .265 Optimism Until the End: Courses of Hebrew Language and Culture .267 Jews Forbidden to Bear Bulgarian Sounding Names and Bulgarian Endings .270 Belev's Plan for the Expulsion .272 Bitola - December 1942 - Expulsion of 11 Leaders of the Jewish Community .275 No Cars for the Jewish Kindertransport Through Bulgaria? .276 March 11,1943.277 Bitola: Precise Execution of the Plan .277 'Action ' in Štip .279 Monopol in Skopje .282 Economy of Cars .287 Victims Pay Their Own Fares .288 The Bulgarians Hand the Victims to the Germans .289 Pirot Under Bulgarian Rule .291 Expulsion from Pirot .293 "Goodbye Pirot, Goodbye My Home!" .299 Steamships or Towed Barges? .299 End of the road: Treblinka Death Camp .303 Report of Artur Vitte, the German Consul in Skopje .307 Pillage of Jewish Property .313 Report on the Liquidation of the Jewish Property .315 Examples of the 'Legal Pillage' of Jewish Property .317 Macedonian Communists: Occupation or Liberation? .322 MACEDONIAN JEWS IN THE RESISTANCE MOVEMENT .324 Jews of Bitola in the Liberation Struggle .326 'Save Who Can-Any Way Possible!' .332 Parachutist Niss im Testa-Arazi.334 Righteous Gentiles .335 Dr. Kostov and Jewish Physicians and Pharmacists .337 Spain and the Macedonian Jews .339 German Anger at the Italian Consul .341 Jewish POWs in Germany .343 Praise for the Albanian People .345 21st Waffen-SS Mountain Division Skanderbeg .348 War Criminals .349 End of the War and Expecting the Returnees .350 Leaving for Israel .353 Earthquake in Skopje, July 26,1963 .353 vii Tide and Wreck Bulgarian Forest in Israel .355 In Memoriam .358 APPENDICES .360 Holidays and Holiday Customs .361 Names of Macedonian Jews .368 NOTES .372 Bibliography .383 Index of Names .390 viii
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geographic_facet	Macedonia (Republic) Civilization Vardar-Gebiet Nordmazedonien
id	DE-604.BV023289534
illustrated	Illustrated
index_date	2024-07-02T20:42:47Z
indexdate	2024-07-09T21:15:03Z
institution	BVB
isbn	9781886223370
language	English Serbian
lccn	2008009306
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physical	XXII, 404 S. Ill., Kt.
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publisher	Avotaynu
record_format	marc
spelling	Lebel, G'eni 1927-2009 Verfasser (DE-588)119123517 aut Plima i slom Tide and wreck history of the Jews of Vardar Macedonia Jennie Lebel. Transl. from Serbian by Paul Münch Bergenfield, NJ Avotaynu 2008 XXII, 404 S. Ill., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Geschichte gnd rswk-swf aJews zMacedonia (Republic) xHistory Geschichte Juden Jews Macedonia (Republic) History Juden (DE-588)4028808-0 gnd rswk-swf Macedonia (Republic) Civilization Vardar-Gebiet (DE-588)4119369-6 gnd rswk-swf Nordmazedonien (DE-588)1181214262 gnd rswk-swf Vardar-Gebiet (DE-588)4119369-6 g Nordmazedonien (DE-588)1181214262 g Juden (DE-588)4028808-0 s Geschichte z DE-604 Digitalisierung BSBMuenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016474176&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis
spellingShingle	Lebel, G'eni 1927-2009 Tide and wreck history of the Jews of Vardar Macedonia aJews zMacedonia (Republic) xHistory Geschichte Juden Jews Macedonia (Republic) History Juden (DE-588)4028808-0 gnd
subject_GND	(DE-588)4028808-0 (DE-588)4119369-6 (DE-588)1181214262
title	Tide and wreck history of the Jews of Vardar Macedonia
title_alt	Plima i slom
title_auth	Tide and wreck history of the Jews of Vardar Macedonia
title_exact_search	Tide and wreck history of the Jews of Vardar Macedonia
title_exact_search_txtP	Tide and wreck history of the Jews of Vardar Macedonia
title_full	Tide and wreck history of the Jews of Vardar Macedonia Jennie Lebel. Transl. from Serbian by Paul Münch
title_fullStr	Tide and wreck history of the Jews of Vardar Macedonia Jennie Lebel. Transl. from Serbian by Paul Münch
title_full_unstemmed	Tide and wreck history of the Jews of Vardar Macedonia Jennie Lebel. Transl. from Serbian by Paul Münch
title_short	Tide and wreck
title_sort	tide and wreck history of the jews of vardar macedonia
title_sub	history of the Jews of Vardar Macedonia
topic	aJews zMacedonia (Republic) xHistory Geschichte Juden Jews Macedonia (Republic) History Juden (DE-588)4028808-0 gnd
topic_facet	aJews zMacedonia (Republic) xHistory Geschichte Juden Jews Macedonia (Republic) History Macedonia (Republic) Civilization Vardar-Gebiet Nordmazedonien
url	http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016474176&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA
work_keys_str_mv	AT lebelgeni plimaislom AT lebelgeni tideandwreckhistoryofthejewsofvardarmacedonia

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MARC

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