Tort:
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
London
Sweet & Maxwell
2008
|
| Ausgabe: | 3. ed. |
| Schriftenreihe: | Sweet & Maxwell's textbook series
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | LXXIX, 572 S. |
| ISBN: | 9780421949805 |
Internformat
MARC
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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TABLE OF CONTENTS P , PAGE PREFACE V TABLE OF CONTENTS VII TABLE OF
CASES XXVII TABLE OF STATUTES LXIII TABLE OF STATUTORY INSTRUMENTS LXXXI
TABLE OF EC & INTERNATIONAL LEGISLATION LXXXIII PAGE 1 THE NATURE OF
TORTIOUS LIABILITY 1-001 WHAT IS TORT? 1-O02 PRINCIPLES OF LIABILITY
1-003 (1) COMPENSATION 1-004 (2) FAULT 1-005 (3) RETRIBUTIVE JUSTICE
1-006 (4) DETERRENCE 1-007 (5) ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY (MARKET DETERRENCE)
1-008 (6) LOSS DISTRIBUTION 1-009 CONCLUSIONS 1-010 THE INTERESTS
PROTECTED BY TORT 1-011 (1) PERSONAL HARM 1-012 (2) HARM TO PROPERTY
1-013 (3) HARM TO REPUTATION 1-014 (4) HARM TO FINANCIAL INTERESTS 1-015
(5) HARM TO THE DUE PROCESS OF LAW 1-01 6 THE ROLE OF TORT IN THE LAW OF
OBLIGATIONS 1-017 THE DISTINCTION BETWEEN TORT AND CONTRACT 1-018 THE
DISTINCTION BETWEEN TORT AND RESTITUTION 1-019 THE IMPACT OF EUROPEAN
AND HUMAN RIGHTS LAW 1-O20 TORT IN MODERN SOCIETY 1-021 TORT AND OTHER
COMPENSATION SYSTEMS 1-022 WHY NOT TORT? 1-023 CONTENTS COST !- 24 TIME
I" 025 RISK 1 ~ 026 DIFFICULTY 1 ~ 021 ABSENCE OF LITIGATION
CONSCIOUSNESS 1-028 PROPOSALS FOR REFORM 1-029 (1) A MIXED SYSTEM I" 030
(2) NO-FAULT LIABILITY I-" 031 (3) INSURANCE 1-032 TORTIOUS LIABILITY:
CONCLUSION 1-033 NEGLIGENCE: THE DUTY OF CARE INTRODUCTION 2-001
DEFINITION OF "NEGLIGENCE" 2-002 STUDYING NEGLIGENCE 2-0U 3 AN OVERVIEW
OF NEGLIGENCE 2-004 THE DUTY OF CARE 1* DOS ^N OVERVIEW L-WJ THE
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND 2-006 77IE /ZRAR STEP: IDENTIFYING A GENERAL
PRINCIPLE 2-007 LORDATKIN'S "NEIGHBOURPRINCIPLE" 2-008 77IE SECOND STEP:
APPLYING THE GENERAL PRINCIPLE 2-009 THE DECISION IN HEDLEY BYRNE 2-010
THE DECISION IN DORSET YACHT 2-011 LORD WILBERFORCE'S "TWO STAGE TEST"
2-012 THE THIRD STEP: REFINING THE PRINCIPLE 2-013 THE MODERN APPROACH
2-014 THE CAPARO CRITERIA 2-015 (1) FORESEEABILITY 2 ~ 16 THE
FORESEEABLE CLAIMANT 2-017 IS AN UNBORN CHILD A "FORESEEABLE CLAIMANT"?
2-0LO (2) PROXIMITY 2 ~ 19 (3) "FAIR, JUST AND REASONABLE" 2-020
APPLYING THE CAPARO CRITERIA: FACTORS RELEVANT TO THE IMPOSITION OF A
DUTY OF CARE 2-021 MISFEASANCE AND NON-FEASANCE 2-022 NON-FEASANCE: NO
DUTY TO RESCUE 2-02 3 NON-FEASANCE: NO GENERAL DUTY TO PREVENT OTHERS
FROM CAUSING DAMAGE 2-024 (1) SPECIAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE DEFENDANT
AND THE CLAIMANT 2-025 (2) SPECIAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE DEFENDANT
AND THE THIRD PARTY 2-026 CONTENTS IX (3) CREATING A SOURCE OF DANGER
"SPARKED OFF" BY A THIRD PARTY 2-027 (4) FAILING TO TAKE REASONABLE
STEPS TO ABATE A DANGER CREATED BY A THIRD PARTY 2-028 THE TYPE OF
DEFENDANT 2-029 (1) LOCAL AUTHORITIES 2-030 POLICY ARGUMENTS 2-031
STATUTORY POWERS AND DUTIES 2-032 STATUTORY DUTIES AND THE INTENTION OF
PARLIAMENT 2-033 "POLICY MATTERS" AND "OPERATIONAL MATTERS" 2-034 HUMAN
RIGHTS: THE "SUSPECTED CHILD ABUSE" CASES 2-035 THE DECISION IN Z V
UNITED KINGDOM 2-036 THE DECISION IN D V EAST BERKSHIRE NHS TRUST 2-037
THE EFFECT OF THE HUMAN RIGHTS ACT 1998 2-038 THE EDUCATION CASES 2-039
(2) OTHER PUBLIC SERVANTS 2-040 THE POLICE 2-041 THE FIRE BRIGADE 2-042
THE COASTGUARD 2-043 THE AMBULANCE SERVICE 2-044 THE NATIONAL HEALTH
SERVICE 2-045 THE "UNINTENDED CHILDREN" CASES 2-046 THE ARMED FORCES
2-047 (3) ADVISORY BODIES AND REGULATORS 2-048 SHIP CLASSIFICATION
SOCIETIES 2-049 SCIENTIFIC ADVISORY BODIES 2-050 SPORTS REGULATORS 2-051
(4) THE LEGAL PROFESSION 2-052 THE OLD LAW 2-053 ARGUMENTS FOR
ADVOCATES' IMMUNITY (1) THE ADVOCATE'S DUTY TO THE COURT 2-054 (2) THE
"CAB-RANK" RULE AND "VEXATIOUS" CLIENTS 2-055 (3) THE NEED TO AVOID A
RETRIAL 2-056 (4) OTHER GROUNDS: THE LENGTH OF TRIALS AND THE "WITNESS
ANALOGY" 2-057 THE DECISION IN HALL V SIMONS 2-058 THE ARTICLE 6.1
CONTROVERSY 2-059 DUTY OF CARE: CONCLUSION 2-060 NEGLIGENCE: ECONOMIC
LOSS INTRODUCTION 3-001 DEFINITION OF "ECONOMIC LOSS" 3-002 "PURE" AND
"CONSEQUENTIAL" ECONOMIC LOSS 3-003 AN ILLUSTRATION: SPARTAN STEEL 3-004
POLICY CONSIDERATIONS 3-005 CONTENTS (1) TORT LAW SHOULD NOT UNDERMINE
CONTRACT LAW 3-006 (2) THE DESIRE TO AVOID "CRUSHING LIABILITY" 3-007
ECONOMIC LOSS CAUSED BY NEGLIGENT ACTIVITIES THE TRADITIONAL APPROACH
3-008 A BRIEF PERIOD OF EXPANSION: ANNS AND JUNIOR BOOKS 3-009 THE
DECISION IN ANNS 3-010 THE DECISION IN JUNIOR BOOKS 3-011 THE "ACTIVITY"
CASES: PRINCIPLES OF THE MODERN LAW 3-012 (1) NO RECOVERY WHERE
CONTRACTUAL INTENTIONS ARE UNDERMINED 3-013 CONTRACTS (RIGHTS OF THIRD
PARTIES) ACT 1999 3-014 THE RETREAT FROM JUNIOR BOOKS 3-015 (2)
"DEFECTIVE PRODUCT ECONOMIC LOSS" GENERALLY NOT RECOVERABLE 3-016
APPARENT DEFECTS: EXCEPTIONS TO THE GENERAL RULE 3-017 (I) A CLAIMANT
MAY RECOVER FOR INJURY CAUSED BY AN APPARENT DEFECT WHERE IT IS
UNREASONABLE TO EXPECT THE CLAIMANT TO REPAIR THE DEFECT OR VACATE THE
BUILDING 3-018 (II) A CLAIMANT MAY RECOVER WHERE THE DEFECT IS A
POTENTIAL SOURCE OF LIABILITY TO NEIGHBOURING LANDOWNERS 3-019 THE
"COMPLEX STRUCTURE THEORY" 3-020 DEFECTIVE PREMISES ACT 1972 3-021 (3)
NO RECOVERY UNLESS CLAIMANT HAS PROPRIETARY INTEREST IN DAMAGED PROPERTY
3-022 THE "WILL DRAFTING" CASES 3-023 THE DECISION IN ROSS V CAUNTERS
3-024 THE DECISION IN WHITE V JONES 3-025 THE LIMITS OF THE "ROSS V
CAUNTERS PRINCIPLE" 3-026 ECONOMIC LOSS CAUSED BY NEGLIGENT STATEMENTS
AND SERVICES 3-027 THE OLD LAW 3-028 THE "HEDLEY BYRNE PRINCIPLE" 3-029
(1) "SPECIAL RELATIONSHIP" AND "ASSUMPTION OF RESPONSIBILITY" 3-030 WHEN
WILL A "SPECIAL RELATIONSHIP" NORMALLY ARISE? 3-031 CAN A "SPECIAL
RELATIONSHIP" ARISE IN A PURELY SOCIAL CONTEXT? 3-032 MUST THE DEFENDANT
BE "IN THE BUSINESS OF GIVING ADVICE"? 3-033 EMPLOYMENT REFERENCES 3-034
PROVISION OF SERVICES (THE "EXTENDED HEDLEY BYRNE PRINCIPLE") 3-035
PENSIONS ADVICE 3-036 HOW DO THE COURTS JUSTIFY THE "ASSUMPTION OF
RESPONSIBILITY" DOCTRINE? 3-037 CAN THERE BE AN "ASSUMPTION OF
RESPONSIBILITY" WHERE THE DEFENDANT EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS RESPONSIBILITY?
3-038 POLICY CONSIDERATIONS: THE LIMITS OF THE "ASSUMPTION OF
RESPONSIBILITY" DOCTRINE 3-039 A SUMMARY OF THE CURRENT LAW 3-040
CONTENTS XI (I) THE PURPOSE FOR WHICH THE STATEMENT WAS MADE 3-041 (II)
THE PURPOSE FOR WHICH THE STATEMENT WAS COMMUNICATED 3-042 (HI) THE
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE ADVISER, THE ADVISEE AND ANY RELEVANT THIRD
PARTY 3-043 (IV) THE SIZE OF ANY CLASS TO WHICH THE ADVISEE BELONGS
3-044 (V) THE STATE OF KNOWLEDGE OF THE ADVISER 3-045 (VI) RELIANCE BY
THE ADVISEE 3-046 (2) "REASONABLE RELIANCE" 3-047 RELIANCE MUST BE
REASONABLE 3-048 THE PURPOSE FOR WHICH THE STATEMENT IS MADE 3-049
RELIANCE MUST, IN FACT, TAKE PLACE 3-050 THE "WILL DRAFTING" CASES: AN
APPARENT EXCEPTION 3-051 ECONOMIC LOSS: CONCLUSION 3-052 NEGLIGENCE:
PSYCHIATRIC ILLNESS INTRODUCTION 4-001 DEFINITION OF "PSYCHIATRIC
ILLNESS" 4-00 2 TYPES OF CLAIMANT 4-003 HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT THE OLD
LAW 4-004 THE "IMPACT THEORY" 4-005 THE LAW EXPANDS: HAMBROOK V STOKES
4-006 NO FURTHER EXPANSION: BOURHILL V YOUNG 4-007 THE EMERGENCE OF THE
MODERN LAW: MCLOUGHLIN V O'BRIAN 4-008 LORD WILBERFORCE'S "CONTROL
MECHANISMS" 4-009 ELEMENTS OF THE MODERN LAW 4-010 PSYCHIATRIC ILLNESS
RESULTING FROM PERSONAL INJURY 4-011 PSYCHIATRIC ILLNESS RESULTING FROM
PROPERTY DAMAGE 4-012 POLICY CONSIDERATIONS 4-013 FORESEEABILITY OF
PSYCHIATRIC ILLNESS 4-014 FORESEEABILITY: PRIMARY VICTIMS 4-015
FORESEEABILITY: SECONDARY VICTIMS 4-016 PRIMARY AND SECONDARY VICTIMS
4-018 "PRIMARY VICTIMS" 4-019 THERE MAY BE A REQUIREMENT OF "ACTUAL
DANGER" 4-020 IN ANY EVENT, THE CLAIMANT'S FEAR FOR HIS OR HER OWN
SAFETY MUST BE REASONABLE 4-021 "SECONDARY VICTIMS" 4-022 SECONDARY
VICTIMS: THE ALCOCK "CONTRO L MECHANISMS" 4-023 (1) PROXIMITY OF
RELATIONSHIP 4-024 (2) PROXIMITY IN TIME AND SPACE 4-025 SIMULTANEOUS
LIVE TELEVISION 4-026 CONTENTS (3) THE MEANS BY WHICH THE PSYCHIATRIC
ILLNESS IS CAUSED 4-027 THE "SUDDEN SHOCK" REQUIREMENT 4-028 NO
LIABILITY WHERE THE CLAIMANT IS MERELY INFORMED ABOUT THE ACCIDENT 4-029
PSYCHIATRIC ILLNESS CAUSED BY A DEFENDANT HARMING OR IMPERILLING HIMSELF
OR HERSELF 4-030 THE IMPACT OF WHITE 4-031 (1) EMPLOYEES 4-032 (2)
"UNWITTING AGENTS" 4-033 (3) RESCUERS 4-034 RESCUERS WHO SUFFER PHYSICAL
INJURY 4-035 RESCUERS WHO SUFFER ONLY PSYCHIATRIC HARM 4-036 PSYCHIATRIC
ILLNESS LAW: PROPOSALS FOR REFORM 4-037 "CLOSE TIES OF LOVE AND
AFFECTION": THE "FIXED LIST" 4-038 THE "JUST AND REASONABLE"PROVISO
4-039 THE "ACTUAL DANGER" PROVISO 4-040 RESCUERS, "PARTICIPANTS" AND
"UNWITTING AGENTS" 4-04 1 DEFENCES 4-042 LIABILITY FOR PSYCHIATRIC
ILLNESS: CONCLUSION 4-043 5 NEGLIGENCE: BREACH OF DUTY INTRODUCTION
5-001 THE "REASONABLEPERSON" 5-002 THE STANDARD OF CARE IS OBJECTIVE
5-003 THE STANDARD OF CARE IS A "HYPOTHETICAL", NOT AN "AVERAGE"
STANDARD 5-004 FACTORS RELEVANT TO THE STANDARD OF CARE 5-005
FORESEEABILITY OF HARM 5-006 THE MAGNITUDE OF THE RISK 5-007 (1) THE
LIKELIHOOD OF HARM 5-008 (2) THE SERIOUSNESS OF THE CONSEQUENCES 5-009
THE BURDEN OF TAKING PRECAUTIONS 5-010 THE DEFENDANT'S FINANCIAL
CIRCUMSTANCES 5-011 THE UTILITY OF THE DEFENDANT'S CONDUCT 5-012 THE
COMPENSATION ACT 2006: THE DETERRENT EFFECT OF POTENTIAL LIABILITY 5-013
COMMON PRACTICE 5-014 THE "LEARNED HAND" TEST 5-015 SPECIAL STANDARDS OF
CARE 5-016 CHILDREN 5-017 DEFENDANTS ACTING IN AN EMERGENCY 5-018
PARTICIPANTS IN SPORT 5-01 9 CONTENTS XIII THE PROFESSIONAL STANDARD OF
CARE 5-020 THE BOLAM TEST 5-021 THE STANDARD OF THE "REASONABLE SKILLED
PERSON" 5-022 THE RELEVANCE OF COMMON PRACTICE AND PROFESSIONAL OPINION
5-023 THE LIMITS OF THE "BOLAM PRINCIPLE" 5-024 DISCLOSURE OF THE RISKS
OF TREATMENT 5-025 POLICY ISSUES IN MEDICAL NEGLIGENCE CASES 5-026 PROOF
OF BREACH 5-027 CIVIL EVIDENCE ACT 1968 5-028 RES IPSA LOQUITUR 5-029
WHEN DOES THE MAXIM APPLY? 5-030 (1) THE OCCURRENCE MUST BE ONE THAT
WILL NOT NORMALLY HAPPEN WITHOUT NEGLIGENCE (2) THE DEFENDANT MUST HAVE
CONTROL OF THE THING WHICH CAUSES THE HARM 5-031 (3) THE CAUSE OF THE
OCCURRENCE MUST BE UNKNOWN TO THE CLAIMANT 5-032 WHAT IS THE EFFECT OF
THE MAXIM? 5-033 BREACH OF DUTY: CONCLUSION 5-044 6 CAUSATION AND
REMOTENESS INTRODUCTION 6-001 FACTUAL CAUSATION 6-002 THE PRAGMATIC
APPROACH 6-003 THE "BUT FOR" TEST 6-004 PROBLEMS WITH THE "BUT FOR" TEST
6-005 CONCURRENT CAUSES 6-006 "INDETERMINATE CAUSE" 6-007 "CUMULATIVE
CAUSE" 6-008 "INDETERMINATE CAUSE" 6-009 "CUMULATIVE CAUSE" 6-010
CONSECUTIVE CAUSES 6-011 PROOF OF CAUSATION 6-012 THE "ALL OR NOTHING"
APPROACH 6-013 THE "VINDICATION OF RIGHTS" APPROACH: CHESTER V AFSHAR
6-014 THE "MATERIAL INCREASE IN RISK" APPROACH 6-015 CONTRIBUTION
BETWEEN DEFENDANTS: THE COMPENSATION ACT 2006 6-016 WHEN WILL THE
"MATERIAL INCREASE IN RISK APPROACH " APPLY? 6-017 NOVUS ACTUS
INTERVENIENS 6-018 INTERVENING ACT OF A THIRD PARTY 6-019 CONTENTS XIV .
NATURAL OR "INSTINCTIVE" INTERVENTION 6-020 NEGLIGENT INTERVENTION ^
INTENTIONAL ACTS OF WRONGDOING F~J\Y\ INTERVENING ACT OF THE CLAIMANT 6
~ 023 REMOTENESS OF DAMAGE THE OLD LAW THE MODERN LAW: THE WAGON MOUND
(NO.L) FORESEEABILITY OF THE "KIND OF DAMAGE" FORESEEABILITY OF THE "WAY
THE DAMAGE IS CAUSED" FORESEEABILITY OF THE "EXTENT" OF THE DAMAGE 6-029
THE "EGGSHELL SKULL" RULE 6 ~ 030 CAUSATION AND REMOTENESS: CONCLUSION
"~~^ 7 EMPLOYERS' LIABILITY INTRODUCTION 7-001 THE DEVELOPMENT OF
EMPLOYERS' LIABILITY /-UUZ PERSONAL LIABILITY 7 ~ 03 THE NATURE OF THE
DUTY 7 ~~ 04 (1) PROVISION OF COMPETENT STAFF 7 ~"" 05 (2) PROVISION
OF ADEQUATE PLANT AND EQUIPMENT AND A SAFE PLACE OF WORK 7 - 6 7*FLFL7
(3) PROVISION OF A SAFE SYSTEM OF WORK ' THE MODEM SCOPE OF PERSONAL
LIABILITY 7-008 STRESS IN THE WORKPLACE 7-00V BREACH OF STATUTORY DUTY 7
~ 10 CONSTRUING PARLIAMENTARY INTENTION 7-011 (1) PROTECTION OF A CLASS
1-012 (2) THE NATURE OF THE LEGISLATION 7-01 3 (3) ALTERNATIVE REMEDIES
7-014 FURTHER CONSIDERATIONS 7-015 (1) IS THE DUTY OWED TO THIS
PARTICULAR CLAIMANT? 7-016 (2) HAS THE DEFENDANT BREACHED HIS OR HER
DUTY TO THE CLAIMANT? 7-017 (3) DID THE BREACH CAUSE THE DAMAGE
CONCERNED? 7-018 (4) IS THE DAMAGE OF THE KIND WHICH THE STATUTE
INTENDED TO PREVENT? 7-019 DEFENCES 7-020 BREACHES OF EUROPEAN
LEGISLATION (THE "EUROTORT") 1-021 VICARIOUS LIABILITY 7-022 (1) THE
EMPLOYEE COMMITTED A TORT 7-023 (2) THE EXISTENCE OF AN
EMPLOYER/EMPLOYEE RELATIONSHIP 7-024 CONTENTS XV FACTORS IDENTIFYING
"EMPLOYEES" 7-025 THE TERMS OF THE CONTRACT CONTROL 7-026 THE
RELATIONSHIP AS A WHOLE 7-027 LENDING AN EMPLOYEE 7-028 (3) THE EMPLOYEE
ACTED IN THE COURSE OF EMPLOYMENT 7-029 PROHIBITED AND CRIMINAL CONDUCT
BY EMPLOYEES 7-030 THE APPLICATION OF LISTER 7-031 SUMMARY 7-032
LIABILITY FOR THE ACTIONS OF INDEPENDENT CONTRACTORS 7-033 CAN VICARIOUS
LIABILITY BE JUSTIFIED? 7-034 EMPLOYERS' LIABILITY: CONCLUSION 7-035 8
OCCUPIERS' LIABILITY INTRODUCTION 8-001 THE OLD LAW 8-002 (1)
CONTRACTUAL ENTRANTS 8-003 (2) INVITEES 8-004 (3) LICENSEES 8-005 (4)
TRESPASSERS 8-006 THE NEED FOR REFORM 8-007 OCCUPIERS' LIABILITY ACT
1957 8-008 THE SCOPE OF THE 1957 ACT (1) THE ACT COVERS DAMAGE TO
PROPERTY AS WELL AS PERSONAL INJURY 8-009 (2) LIABILITY UNDER THE ACT
MAY BE LIMITED BY AN EXPRESS TERM OF A CONTRACT, OR BY A NOTICE GIVEN TO
VISITORS 8-010 (3) THE ACT IS THOUGHT TO APPLY ONLY TO THE "OCCUPANCY
DUTY" 8-011 DEFINITION OF "OCCUPIER" 8-012 DEFINITION OF "PREMISES"
8-013 DEFINITION OF "VISITOR" 8-014 PERSONS ENTERING BY AUTHORITY OF LAW
8-015 PERSONS EXERCISING RIGHTS OF WAY 8-016 IMPLIED PERMISSION 8-017
LIMITATIONS ON PERMISSION 8-018 THE "COMMON DUTY OF CARE" 8-019
DISCHARGING THE COMMON DUTY OF CARE 8-020 CHILDREN 8-021 PROFESSIONAL
VISITORS 8-022 GIVING A WARNING OF THE DANGER 8-023 ENTRUSTING WORK TO
INDEPENDENT CONTRACTORS 8-024 EXCLUSION OF LIABILITY 8-025 (1)
DISPLAYING A NOTICE ON THE PREMISES 8-026 (2) AN EXPRESS TERM OF A
CONTRACT 8-027 CONTENTS THE CONTRACT'S EFFECT ON THIRD PARTIES 8-028
UNFAIR CONTRACT TERMS ACT 1977 8-029 LIABILITY TO NON-VISITORS 8-030 THE
OLD LAW 8-031 OCCUPIERS' LIABILITY ACT 1984 8-032 DEFENCES 8-033
CONTRIBUTORY NEGLIGENCE 8-034 9 STRICT LIABILITY STATUTES 9-001 (1)
CONSUMER PROTECTION ACT 1987 INTRODUCTION 9-002 THE COMMON LAW POSITION
9-003 THE SCOPE OF DONOGHUE V STEVENSON 9-004 THE DUTY OF CARE 9-00 5
BREACH 9-006 CAUSATION AND REMOTENESS 9-007 THE TYPE OF LOSS RECOVERABLE
9-008 PARTICULAR PROBLEMS RELATING TO DEFECTIVE PRODUCTS (1) WHAT IS A
PRODUCT? 9-009 (2) HAS THERE BEEN INTERMEDIATE EXAMINATION OR
INTERFERENCE? 9-010 (3) THE MANUFACTURE/DESIGN DISTINCTION 9-011 THE
NEED FOR CHANGE? 9-012 CONSUMER PROTECTION ACT 1987 9-013 WHO CAN SUE?
9-014 WHO IS LIABLE? 9-015 (1) PRODUCER*SS. 1(2) AND 2(2) (A) 9-016 (2)
OWN BRANDER*S.2(2)(B) 9-017 (3) IMPORTER INTO E.C.*S.2(2)(C) 9-018 (4)
SUPPLIER*S.2(3) 9-019 WHAT IS A PRODUCT? 9-020 WHAT IS A DEFECT? 9-021
WHAT DAMAGE? 9-024 DEFENCES 9-025 (A) THE DEFECT IS ATTRIBUTABLE TO
COMPLIANCE WITH A REQUIREMENT IMPOSED BY LAW 9-026 (B) THE DEFENDANTS
DID NOT AT ANY TIME SUPPLY THE PRODUCT TO ANOTHER 9-027 (C) SUPPLY BY
THE DEFENDANTS WAS NOT IN COURSE OF THEIR BUSINESS 9-028 (D) THE DEFECT
DID NOT EXIST IN THE PRODUCT AT THE RELEVANT TIME, I.E. WHEN IT WAS PUT
INTO CIRCULATION 9-029 CONTENTS XVII (E) THE DEVELOPMENT RISK DEFENCE
9-030 (F) THE DEFECT WAS A DEFECT IN A FINISHED PRODUCT (X) IN WHICH THE
PRODUCT IN QUESTION HAD BEEN COMPRISED AND WAS WHOLLY ATTRIBUTABLE TO
THE DESIGN OF X OR TO COMPLIANCE WITH THE PRODUCER OFX'S INSTRUCTIONS
9-032 CONTRIBUTORY NEGLIGENCE 9-033 EXCLUSION CLAUSES 9-034 LIMITATION
PERIODS 9-035 CAUSATION AND REMOTENESS 9-036 ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF
THE ACT CONTINUING PRACTICAL PROBLEMS 9-037 STANDARD AND NON-STANDARD
PRODUCTS 9-038 USE OF SETTLEMENTS 9-039 BREACH OF STATUTORY DUTY 9-040
REFORM OF THE PRODUCT LIABILITY DIRECTIVE 9-041 (2) ANIMALS ACT 1971
9-042 DANGEROUS/NON-DANGEROUS SPECIES 9-043 DANGEROUS SPECIES 9-044
NON-DANGEROUS SPECIES 9-045 DEFENCES 9-04 7 (I) FAULT OF THE VICTIM
9-048 (II) VOLUNTARY ACCEPTANCE OF RISK 9-049 (HI) THE VICTIM IS A
TRESPASSER 9-050 CONCLUSION 9-051 10 NUISANCE AND THE RULE IN RYLANDS V
FLETCHER INTRODUCTION 10-001 NUISANCE 10-002 PRIVATE NUISANCE 10-003
WHAT AMOUNTS TO A PRIVATE NUISANCE? 10-004 "REASONABLE USER" 10-005
FACTORS DETERMINING REASONABLE USER 10-006 (1) THE NATURE OF THE
LOCALITY 10-007 (2) DURATION AND FREQUENCY 10-008 (3) UTILITY OF THE
DEFENDANT'S CONDUCT 10-009 (4) ABNORMAL SENSITIVITY 10-010 (5) MALICE
10-012 WHO CAN SUE? 10-013 XVU1 CONTENTS RIGHTS IN THE LAND LOSSES
INCURRED PRIOR TO ACQUISITION OF A RIGHT TO LAND LANDLORDS THE HUMAN
RIGHTS ACT 1998 WHO CAN BE SUED? (1) THE OCCUPIER OF THE LAND (I) THE
OCCUPIER EXERCISES CONTROL OVER THE CREATOR (II) THE OCCUPIER HAS
ADOPTED OR CONTINUED A NUISANCE CREATED BY A TRESPASSER (III) THE
OCCUPIER HAS ADOPTED OR CONTINUED A NUISANCE CREATED BY AN ACT OF NATURE
THE MEASURED DUTY OF CARE (IV) THE CREATOR IS THE OCCUPIER'S PREDECESSOR
IN TITLE (2) THE LANDLORD (I) WHERE THE LANDLORD EXPRESSLY OR IMPLIEDLY
AUTHORISES THE NUISANCE (II) THE LANDLORD KNEW OR OUGHT TO HAVE KNOWN OF
THE NUISANCE BEFORE LETTING (III) THE LANDLORD COVENANTED TO REPAIR, OR
HAS A RIGHT TO ENTER TO REPAIR MUST THE NUISANCE EMANATE FROM THE
DEFENDANT'S LAND? RELEVANT DEFENCES (1) STATUTORY AUTHORITY (2) 20
YEARS' PRESCRIPTION (3) INEVITABLE ACCIDENT (4) ACT OF A STRANGER
INEFFECTIVE DEFENCES (1) COMING TO THE NUISANCE (2) UTILITY (3) JUS
TERTII (4) DUE TO MANY RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PRIVATE NUISANCE AND OTHER
TORTS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PRIVATE NUISANCE AND NEGLIGENCE THE
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PRIVATE NUISANCE AND TRESPASS TO LAND PUBLIC
NUISANCE OBSTRUCTIONS ON THE HIGHWAY PROJECTIONS OVER THE HIGHWAY
PARTICULAR DAMAGE THE RULE IN RYLANDS V FLETCHER WHAT IS THE
SIGNIFICANCE OF RYLANDS V FLETCHER? LIABILITY UNDER THE RULE IN RYLANDS
V FLETCHER (1) THE DEFENDANT BRINGS ON HIS LANDS FOR HIS OWN PURPOSES
SOMETHING LIKELY TO DO MISCHIEF 10-016 10-017 10-018 10-019 10-020
10-021 10-022 10-023 10-024 10-025 10-026 10-027 10-029 10-030 10-031
10-032 10-033 10-034 10-035 10-036 10-037 10-038 10-039 10-040 10-041
10-042 10-043 10-044 10-045 10-046 10-047 10-048 10-049 10-050 10-052
10-053 CONTENTS XIX (2) IF IT ESCAPES 10-054 (3) NON-NATURAL USER 10-055
(4) FORESEEABILITY OF DAMAGE OF THE RELEVANT TYPE 10-056 WHO CAN SUE?
10-057 WHO CAN BE SUED? 10-058 DEFENCES 10-059 (1) CLAIMANT'S DEFAULT
10-060 (2) UNFORESEEABLE ACT OF STRANGER 10-061 (3) ACT OF GOD 10-062
(4) STATUTORY AUTHORITY 10-063 (5) CONSENT 10-064 REMEDIES 10-065 (1)
INJUNCTIONS 10-066 (2) ABATEMENT 10-067 (3) DAMAGES 10-06 8 PERSONAL
INJURY 10-069 ECONOMIC LOSS 10-070 DAMAGE TO CHATTELS 10-071 REMOTENESS
10-072 THE HUMAN RIGHTS ACT 1998 10-073 CONCLUSION 10-074 11 TRESPASS
INTRODUCTION 11-001 TRESPASS TO THE PERSON 11-002 BATTERY 11-003 (1) IT
MUST BE INTENTIONAL 11-004 (2) IT MUST BE DIRECT 11-005 (4) IMMEDIATE
FORCE 11-006 ASSAULT 11-007 (1) REASONABLE APPREHENSION OF HARM 11-008
(2) IT MUST BE INTENTIONAL 11-009 (3) IT MUST BE IMMEDIATE AND DIRECT
11-010 CAN WORDS AMOUNT TO AN ASSAULT? 11-011 FALSE IMPRISONMENT 11-012
(1) A COMPLETE RESTRICTION OF THE CLAIMANT'S FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT 11-013
IT IS UNNECESSARY TO SHOW THE CLAIMANT KNEW OF THE IMPRISONMENT 11-015
(2) WITHOUT LEGAL AUTHORISATION 11-016 THE RULE IN WILKINSON V DOWNTON
11-01 7 CONTENTS TRESPASS TO THE PERSON: DEFENCES 11-018 (1) CONSENT
11-019 REFUSAL OF CONSENT 11- 20 LIMITS TO CONSENT 11-021 (2) NECESSITY
11-022 (3) SELF-DEFENCE 11-023 (4) PROVOCATION 11-024 (5) CONTRIBUTORY
NEGLIGENCE 11-025 (6) LAWFUL AUTHORITY 11-026 CAN TRESPASS TO THE PERSON
BE COMMITTED NEGLIGENTLY? 11-027 PROTECTION FROM HARASSMENT ACT 1997
11-028 WHAT IS "HARASSMENT"? 11-029 REMEDIES 11-030 MALICIOUS
PROSECUTION 11-031 TRESPASS TO LAND 11-034 (1) DIRECT AND UNJUSTIFIABLE
INTERFERENCE 11-035 (2) POSSESSION OF LAND 11-036 TRESPASS TO LAND:
DEFENCES 11-037 (1) LICENCE 11-038 (2) NECESSITY 11-039 (3)
JUSTIFICATION BY LAW 11-040 TRESPASS TO LAND: REMEDIES 11-04 1 (1)
SELF-HELP 11-042 (2) ORDER FOR POSSESSION OF LAND 11-043 (3) MESNE
PROFITS 11-044 TRESPASS TO GOODS 11-045 THE REQUIREMENTS OF TRESPASS TO
GOODS (1) IT MUST BE INTENTIONAL 11-046 (2) IT MUST BE DIRECT 11-047 (3)
ACTIONABLE PER SE? 11-048 (4) POSSESSION 11-049 DEFENCES 11-050 12 THE
ECONOMIC TORTS INTRODUCTION 12-001 REGULATING COMPETITION: THE SCOPE OF
THE ECONOMIC TORTS 12-002 INDUCING A BREACH OF CONTRACT 12-003 THE
DEFENDANT MUST KNOW OF THE EXISTENCE OF THE CONTRACT 12-004 CONTENTS XXI
THE DEFENDANT MUST KNOW THAT THE INDUCED CONDUCT WILL AMOUNT TO A BREACH
12-005 KNOWLEDGE OF THE CONTRACTUAL TERMS 12-006 KNOWLEDGE OF THE LEGAL
EFFECT OF THE INDUCED CONDUCT 12-007 THE DEFENDANT MUST "INTEND" TO
INDUCE THE BREACH 12-008 WHAT COUNTS AS "INTENDING"? 12-009 MUST THE
DEFENDANT INTEND TO CAUSE LOSS? 12-01 0 WHAT COUNTS AS "INDUCING"?
12-011 DEFENCES TO INDUCING A BREACH OF CONTRACT 12-012 WHERE THE
DEFENDANT HAS AN EQUAL OR SUPERIOR RIGHT TO THE THIRD PARTY'S
PERFORMANCE 12-013 WHERE THE DEFENDANT HAS STATUTORY AUTHORITY TO
INTERFERE WITH THE CONTRACT 12-014 WHERE THE DEFENDANT HAS A MORAL OR
SOCIAL DUTY TO INTERFERE WITH THE CONTRACT 12-015 CAUSING LOSS BY
UNLAWFUL MEANS 12-016 THE DEFENDANT'S ACTIONS MUST BE "UNLAWFUL" IN THE
RELEVANT SENSE 12-017 THE DEFENDANT'S ACTIONS MUST AFFECT THE THIRD
PARTY'S FREEDOM TO DEAL WITH THE CLAIMANT 12-018 THE DEFENDANT MUST
INTEND TO CAUSE THE CLAIMANT LOSS 12-019 WAYS OF COMMITTING THE UNLAWFUL
MEANS TORT 12-020 THE "INTERFERENCE WITH CONTRACTUAL RELATIONS"
SCENARIOS 12-021 THE INTIMIDATION SCENARIOS 12-022 THE MODERN TORTS
APPLIED: THE OBG V ALLAN APPEALS YL-QTS MAINSTREAM PROPERTIES LTD V
YOUNG 12-024 OBG V ALLAN 12-025 DOUGLAS V HELLO! 12-026 CONSPIRACY
12-027 UNLAWFUL MEANS CONSPIRACY 12-02 8 WHAT MUST THE CONSPIRATORS
INTEND? 12-029 WHAT COUNTS AS "UNLAWFUL MEANS" FOR THE PURPOSE OF
ESTABLISHING THIS TORT? 12-030 LAWFUL MEANS CONSPIRACY 12-031 THE
ECONOMIC TORTS: CONCLUSION 12-032 13 DEFAMATION INTRODUCTION 13-001
LIBEL AND SLANDER 13-002 TYPES OF SLANDER ACTIONABLE PER SE 13-003 (1)
IMPUTATION OF A CRIMINAL OFFENCE PUNISHABLE BY IMPRISONMENT 13-004 (2)
IMPUTATION OF A CONTAGIOUS DISEASE 13-005 XXII CONTENTS (3) IMPUTATION
OF UNCHASTITY OR ADULTERY BY A FEMALE (4) IMPUTATION OF PROFESSIONAL
UNFITNESS OR INCOMPETENCE THE GENERAL REQUIREMENTS OF DEFAMATION THE
ROLE OF THE JUDGE AND JURY (1) IS THE STATEMENT DEFAMATORY? INNUENDO (2)
DOES THE STATEMENT REFER TO THE CLAIMANT? GROUP DEFAMATION (3) HAS THE
STATEMENT BEEN PUBLISHED TO A THIRD PARTY? WHO CAN SUE? (I) ANY LIVING
HUMAN BEING (2) COMPANIES WHO CANNOT SUE? (1) GOVERNMENTAL BODIES (2)
POLITICAL PARTIES CONCLUSION 13-006 13-007 13-008 13-009 13-010 13-012
13-014 13-016 13-017 13-019 13-020 13-021 13-022 13-023 14 DEFENCES TO
DEFAMATION INTRODUCTION 14-001 (1) JUSTIFICATION (OR TRUTH) 14-002 (2)
FAIR COMMENT 14-004 IN THE PUBLIC INTEREST 14-005 IT MUST BE COMMENT
14-006 FAIR AND HONEST 14-007 (3) PRIVILEGE 14-008 ABSOLUTE PRIVILEGE
14-009 (1) STATEMENTS IN PARLIAMENT 14-010 (2) REPORTS, PAPERS, VOTES
AND PROCEEDINGS ORDERED TO BE PUBLISHED BY EITHER HOUSE OF PARLIAMENT
14-011 (3) JUDICIAL PROCEEDINGS 14-012 (4) REPORTS OF UNITED KINGDOM
COURT PROCEEDINGS 14-013 (5) COMMUNICATIONS BETWEEN CERTAIN OFFICERS OF
STATE 14-014 QUALIFIED PRIVILEGE 14*015 QUALIFIED PRIVILEGE AT COMMON
LAW 14-016 WHAT IS A LEGAL, MORAL OR SOCIAL DUTY? 14-017 WHAT IS AN
INTEREST? 14-018 THE DUTY/INTEREST TEST AND THE MEDIA 14-019 THE
APPLICATION OF REYNOLDS 14-02 2 QUALIFIED PRIVILEGE UNDER STATUTE 14-026
(I) REPORTS OF PARLIAMENTARY PROCEEDINGS 14-027 (II) REPORTS OF JUDICIAL
PROCEEDINGS 14-028 (HI) REGISTERS 14-029 CONTENTS XXIII (IV) OTHER
MATTERS COVERED BY SECTION 15 AND SCHEDULE 1 TO THE DEFAMATION ACT 1996
14-030 SCHEDULE 1 AND FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION 14-031 (4) OFFER OF AMENDS
UNDER THE DEFAMATION ACT 1996 14-032 (5) INNOCENT DISSEMINATION 14-033
REFORM 14-035 (6) LIMITATION 14-036 THE NEED FOR REFORM 14-037
PROCEDURAL REFORMS 14*038 CONTROL OF DAMAGES 14-039 INTERIM INJUNCTIONS
14-042 COMPLAINTS TO REGULATORY BODIES 14-043 MALICIOUS OR INJURIOUS
FALSEHOOD 14-044 DEFAMATION: CONCLUSION 14-046 15 PRIVACY (OR MISUSE OF
PRIVATE INFORMATION) 15-001 PROTECTION OF PRIVACY BY EXISTING TORTS
15-002 HAS THE HUMAN RIGHTS ACT 1998 MADE A DIFFERENCE? 15-00 3 THE
CURRENT LEGAL POSITION 1. REJECTION OF A NEW TORT OF INVASION OF PRIVACY
15-004 2. THE "EXTENDED" BREACH OF CONFIDENCE ACTION 15-005 CAMPBELL V
MIRROR GROUP NEWSPAPERS LTD 15-006 MCKENNITT V ASH 15-007 APPLICATION OF
THE TWO-STAGE TEST (I) IS THE INFORMATION PRIVATE? 15-008 (II) BALANCING
ARTICLE 8 AND ARTICLE 10 15-009 REMEDIES 15-010 CONCLUSION 15-011 16
GENERAL DEFENCES AND EXTINCTION OF LIABILITY INTRODUCTION 16-001
DEFENCES (1) CONSENT 16-002 (I) CONSENT 16-003 (II) VOLUNTARY ASSUMPTION
OF RISK 16-004 (A) AGREEMENT 16-005 XXIV CONTENTS (B) FULL KNOWLEDGE AND
ACCEPTANCE OF THE NATURE AND EXTENT OF THE RISK 16-006 (C) VOLUNTARY
CHOICE BY THE CLAIMANT 16-007 OTHER USES OF "CONSENT" IN NEGLIGENCE
16-009 (A) SETTING THE STANDARD OF CARE IN NEGLIGENCE 16-01 0 (B)
EXCLUSION CLAUSES 16-011 (HI) LEAVE OR LICENCE 16-012 (2) PUBLIC POLICY
AND ILLEGALITY 16-013 REFORM 16-016 (3) CONTRIBUTORY NEGLIGENCE 16-017
THE STATUTORY POSITION 16-018 (I) WAS THE CLAIMANT ACTING NEGLIGENTLY?
16-019 (II) DID THE CLAIMANT'S ACTIONS CONTRIBUTE TO THE DAMAGE
SUFFERED? 16-020 (HI) TO WHAT EXTENT SHOULD THE CLAIMANT'S DAMAGES BE
REDUCED? WHAT IS "JUST AND EQUITABLE" IN THESE CIRCUMSTANCES? (A)
FAILURE TO WEAR A SEAT BELT (B) FAILURE TO WEAR A CRASH HELMET (C)
NEGLIGENT VALUATION CASES MULTIPLE DEFENDANTS (4) INEVITABLE ACCIDENT
(5) MISTAKE GENERAL DEFENCES: CONCLUSION EXTINCTION OF LIABILITY (1)
LIMITATION OF ACTIONS PERSONAL INJURY CLAIMS * SS. 11, 14 AND 33 OF THE
LIMITATION ACT 1980 SECTION 11 SECTION 14 SECTION 12 SECTION 33
DEFAMATION * SS.4A AND 32A OF THE LIMITATION ACT 1980 DEFECTIVE PRODUCTS
* S.HA OF THE LIMITATION ACT 1980 LIMITATION PROBLEMS (I) DELIBERATE
CONCEALMENT (II) DISABILITY (HI) LATENT DAMAGE: PROPERTY DAMAGE OR
FINANCIAL LOSS THE BURDEN OF PROOF REFORM (2) WAIVER (3) ACCORD AND
SATISFACTION (4) JUDGMENT (5) DEATH EXTINCTION OF LIABILITY: CONCLUSION
16-021 16-022 16-023 16-024 16-025 16-026 16-027 16-028 16-029 16-030
16-031 16-032 16-033 16-034 16-035 16-036 16-037 16-038 16-039 16-040
16-041 16-042 16-043 16-044 16-045 CONTENTS XXV 17 REMEDIES INTRODUCTION
DAMAGES TYPES OF DAMAGES (1) COMPENSATORY (2) CONTEMPTUOUS (3) NOMINAL
(4) AGGRAVATED (5) EXEMPLARY OR PUNITIVE THE THREE KINDS OF PUNITIVE
DAMAGES (I) OPPRESSIVE, ARBITRARY OR UNCONSTITUTIONAL ACTIONS BY
GOVERNMENT SERVANTS (II) CONDUCT CALCULATED BY THE DEFENDANT TO MAKE A
PROFIT WHICH MAY WELL EXCEED ANY COMPENSATION PAYABLE TO THE CLAIMANT
(HI) EXPRESSLY AUTHORISED BY STATUTE THE "CAUSE OF ACTION" TEST (6)
RESTITUTIONARY THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TORT DAMAGES AND DAMAGES UNDER
THE HUMAN RIGHTS ACT 1998 ACTIONS FOR PERSONAL INJURY PECUNIARY LOSS (1)
LOSS OF EARNINGS (2) LOST YEARS (3) LOSS OF EARNING CAPACITY (4)
DEDUCTIONS (I) CHARITY (II) VOLUNTARY PAYMENTS BY THE DEFENDANT (III)
INSURANCE (IV) SICK PAY (V) PENSION (VI) SOCIAL SECURITY BENEFITS (5)
EXPENSES COST OF A CARER (6) OTHER DAMAGES NON-PECUNIARY LOSS (1) PAIN
AND SUFFERING (2) LOSS OF AMENITY (3) INJURY ITSELF INTEREST (I)
PECUNIARY LOSS (2) NON-PECUNIARY LOSS ALTERNATIVES TO LUMP SUM PAYMENTS
(1) PROVISIONAL DAMAGES 17-001 17-002 17-003 17-004 17-006 17-007 17-008
17-009 17-010 17-011 17-012 17-013 17-014 17-015 17-016 17-017 17-018
17-019 17-021 17-022 17-023 17-024 17-025 17-026 17-027 17-028 17-029
17-030 17-031 17-032 17-033 17-034 17-035 17-036 17-037 17-038 17-039
17-040 CONTENTS (2) INTERIM PAYMENTS 17-041 (3) PERIODIC PAYMENTS 17-042
ACTIONS ON DEATH 17-044 (1) ACTIONS BY THE DECEASED'S ESTATE 17-045 (2)
ACTIONS BY THE DECEASED'S DEPENDANTS 17-046 FATAL ACCIDENTS ACT 1976
17-047 (1) IS THE CLAIMANT A DEPENDANT WITHIN S.I(3) OF THE ACT? 17-048
(2) WAS THE CLAIMANT FINANCIALLY DEPENDENT ON THE DECEASED? 17-049
ASSESSMENT 17-050 DEDUCTIONS 17-051 DAMAGES FOR BEREAVEMENT 17-053
ACTIONS FOR LOSS OR DAMAGE TO PROPERTY 17-054 JOINT AND SEVERAL
LIABILITY 17-055 ASSESSMENT 17-056 SETTLEMENTS 17-057 OTHER REMEDIES
17-058 INJUNCTIONS 17-059 PROHIBITORY AND MANDATORY INJUNCTIONS 17-060
INTERIM INJUNCTIONS 17-061 QUIA TIMET INJUNCTIONS 17-062 REMEDIES:
CONCLUSION 17-063 INDEX 553 |
| adam_txt |
TABLE OF CONTENTS P , PAGE PREFACE V TABLE OF CONTENTS VII TABLE OF
CASES XXVII TABLE OF STATUTES LXIII TABLE OF STATUTORY INSTRUMENTS LXXXI
TABLE OF EC & INTERNATIONAL LEGISLATION LXXXIII PAGE 1 THE NATURE OF
TORTIOUS LIABILITY 1-001 WHAT IS TORT? 1-O02 PRINCIPLES OF LIABILITY
1-003 (1) COMPENSATION 1-004 (2) FAULT 1-005 (3) RETRIBUTIVE JUSTICE
1-006 (4) DETERRENCE 1-007 (5) ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY (MARKET DETERRENCE)
1-008 (6) LOSS DISTRIBUTION 1-009 CONCLUSIONS 1-010 THE INTERESTS
PROTECTED BY TORT 1-011 (1) PERSONAL HARM 1-012 (2) HARM TO PROPERTY
1-013 (3) HARM TO REPUTATION 1-014 (4) HARM TO FINANCIAL INTERESTS 1-015
(5) HARM TO THE DUE PROCESS OF LAW 1-01 6 THE ROLE OF TORT IN THE LAW OF
OBLIGATIONS 1-017 THE DISTINCTION BETWEEN TORT AND CONTRACT 1-018 THE
DISTINCTION BETWEEN TORT AND RESTITUTION 1-019 THE IMPACT OF EUROPEAN
AND HUMAN RIGHTS LAW 1-O20 TORT IN MODERN SOCIETY 1-021 TORT AND OTHER
COMPENSATION SYSTEMS 1-022 WHY NOT TORT? 1-023 CONTENTS COST !- 24 TIME
I" 025 RISK 1 ~ 026 DIFFICULTY 1 ~ 021 ABSENCE OF LITIGATION
CONSCIOUSNESS 1-028 PROPOSALS FOR REFORM 1-029 (1) A MIXED SYSTEM I" 030
(2) NO-FAULT LIABILITY I-" 031 (3) INSURANCE 1-032 TORTIOUS LIABILITY:
CONCLUSION 1-033 NEGLIGENCE: THE DUTY OF CARE INTRODUCTION 2-001
DEFINITION OF "NEGLIGENCE" 2-002 STUDYING NEGLIGENCE 2-0U 3 AN OVERVIEW
OF NEGLIGENCE 2-004 THE DUTY OF CARE 1* DOS ^N OVERVIEW L-WJ THE
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND 2-006 77IE /ZRAR STEP: IDENTIFYING A GENERAL
PRINCIPLE 2-007 LORDATKIN'S "NEIGHBOURPRINCIPLE" 2-008 77IE SECOND STEP:
APPLYING THE GENERAL PRINCIPLE 2-009 THE DECISION IN HEDLEY BYRNE 2-010
THE DECISION IN DORSET YACHT 2-011 LORD WILBERFORCE'S "TWO STAGE TEST"
2-012 THE THIRD STEP: REFINING THE PRINCIPLE 2-013 THE MODERN APPROACH
2-014 THE CAPARO CRITERIA 2-015 (1) FORESEEABILITY 2 ~ 16 THE
FORESEEABLE CLAIMANT 2-017 IS AN UNBORN CHILD A "FORESEEABLE CLAIMANT"?
2-0LO (2) PROXIMITY 2 ~ 19 (3) "FAIR, JUST AND REASONABLE" 2-020
APPLYING THE CAPARO CRITERIA: FACTORS RELEVANT TO THE IMPOSITION OF A
DUTY OF CARE 2-021 MISFEASANCE AND NON-FEASANCE 2-022 NON-FEASANCE: NO
DUTY TO RESCUE 2-02 3 NON-FEASANCE: NO GENERAL DUTY TO PREVENT OTHERS
FROM CAUSING DAMAGE 2-024 (1) SPECIAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE DEFENDANT
AND THE CLAIMANT 2-025 (2) SPECIAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE DEFENDANT
AND THE THIRD PARTY 2-026 CONTENTS IX (3) CREATING A SOURCE OF DANGER
"SPARKED OFF" BY A THIRD PARTY 2-027 (4) FAILING TO TAKE REASONABLE
STEPS TO ABATE A DANGER CREATED BY A THIRD PARTY 2-028 THE TYPE OF
DEFENDANT 2-029 (1) LOCAL AUTHORITIES 2-030 POLICY ARGUMENTS 2-031
STATUTORY POWERS AND DUTIES 2-032 STATUTORY DUTIES AND THE INTENTION OF
PARLIAMENT 2-033 "POLICY MATTERS" AND "OPERATIONAL MATTERS" 2-034 HUMAN
RIGHTS: THE "SUSPECTED CHILD ABUSE" CASES 2-035 THE DECISION IN Z V
UNITED KINGDOM 2-036 THE DECISION IN D V EAST BERKSHIRE NHS TRUST 2-037
THE EFFECT OF THE HUMAN RIGHTS ACT 1998 2-038 THE EDUCATION CASES 2-039
(2) OTHER PUBLIC SERVANTS 2-040 THE POLICE 2-041 THE FIRE BRIGADE 2-042
THE COASTGUARD 2-043 THE AMBULANCE SERVICE 2-044 THE NATIONAL HEALTH
SERVICE 2-045 THE "UNINTENDED CHILDREN" CASES 2-046 THE ARMED FORCES
2-047 (3) ADVISORY BODIES AND REGULATORS 2-048 SHIP CLASSIFICATION
SOCIETIES 2-049 SCIENTIFIC ADVISORY BODIES 2-050 SPORTS REGULATORS 2-051
(4) THE LEGAL PROFESSION 2-052 THE OLD LAW 2-053 ARGUMENTS FOR
ADVOCATES' IMMUNITY (1) THE ADVOCATE'S DUTY TO THE COURT 2-054 (2) THE
"CAB-RANK" RULE AND "VEXATIOUS" CLIENTS 2-055 (3) THE NEED TO AVOID A
RETRIAL 2-056 (4) OTHER GROUNDS: THE LENGTH OF TRIALS AND THE "WITNESS
ANALOGY" 2-057 THE DECISION IN HALL V SIMONS 2-058 THE ARTICLE 6.1
CONTROVERSY 2-059 DUTY OF CARE: CONCLUSION 2-060 NEGLIGENCE: ECONOMIC
LOSS INTRODUCTION 3-001 DEFINITION OF "ECONOMIC LOSS" 3-002 "PURE" AND
"CONSEQUENTIAL" ECONOMIC LOSS 3-003 AN ILLUSTRATION: SPARTAN STEEL 3-004
POLICY CONSIDERATIONS 3-005 CONTENTS (1) TORT LAW SHOULD NOT UNDERMINE
CONTRACT LAW 3-006 (2) THE DESIRE TO AVOID "CRUSHING LIABILITY" 3-007
ECONOMIC LOSS CAUSED BY NEGLIGENT ACTIVITIES THE TRADITIONAL APPROACH
3-008 A BRIEF PERIOD OF EXPANSION: ANNS AND JUNIOR BOOKS 3-009 THE
DECISION IN ANNS 3-010 THE DECISION IN JUNIOR BOOKS 3-011 THE "ACTIVITY"
CASES: PRINCIPLES OF THE MODERN LAW 3-012 (1) NO RECOVERY WHERE
CONTRACTUAL INTENTIONS ARE UNDERMINED 3-013 CONTRACTS (RIGHTS OF THIRD
PARTIES) ACT 1999 3-014 THE RETREAT FROM JUNIOR BOOKS 3-015 (2)
"DEFECTIVE PRODUCT ECONOMIC LOSS" GENERALLY NOT RECOVERABLE 3-016
APPARENT DEFECTS: EXCEPTIONS TO THE GENERAL RULE 3-017 (I) A CLAIMANT
MAY RECOVER FOR INJURY CAUSED BY AN APPARENT DEFECT WHERE IT IS
UNREASONABLE TO EXPECT THE CLAIMANT TO REPAIR THE DEFECT OR VACATE THE
BUILDING 3-018 (II) A CLAIMANT MAY RECOVER WHERE THE DEFECT IS A
POTENTIAL SOURCE OF LIABILITY TO NEIGHBOURING LANDOWNERS 3-019 THE
"COMPLEX STRUCTURE THEORY" 3-020 DEFECTIVE PREMISES ACT 1972 3-021 (3)
NO RECOVERY UNLESS CLAIMANT HAS PROPRIETARY INTEREST IN DAMAGED PROPERTY
3-022 THE "WILL DRAFTING" CASES 3-023 THE DECISION IN ROSS V CAUNTERS
3-024 THE DECISION IN WHITE V JONES 3-025 THE LIMITS OF THE "ROSS V
CAUNTERS PRINCIPLE" 3-026 ECONOMIC LOSS CAUSED BY NEGLIGENT STATEMENTS
AND SERVICES 3-027 THE OLD LAW 3-028 THE "HEDLEY BYRNE PRINCIPLE" 3-029
(1) "SPECIAL RELATIONSHIP" AND "ASSUMPTION OF RESPONSIBILITY" 3-030 WHEN
WILL A "SPECIAL RELATIONSHIP" NORMALLY ARISE? 3-031 CAN A "SPECIAL
RELATIONSHIP" ARISE IN A PURELY SOCIAL CONTEXT? 3-032 MUST THE DEFENDANT
BE "IN THE BUSINESS OF GIVING ADVICE"? 3-033 EMPLOYMENT REFERENCES 3-034
PROVISION OF SERVICES (THE "EXTENDED HEDLEY BYRNE PRINCIPLE") 3-035
PENSIONS ADVICE 3-036 HOW DO THE COURTS JUSTIFY THE "ASSUMPTION OF
RESPONSIBILITY" DOCTRINE? 3-037 CAN THERE BE AN "ASSUMPTION OF
RESPONSIBILITY" WHERE THE DEFENDANT EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS RESPONSIBILITY?
3-038 POLICY CONSIDERATIONS: THE LIMITS OF THE "ASSUMPTION OF
RESPONSIBILITY" DOCTRINE 3-039 A SUMMARY OF THE CURRENT LAW 3-040
CONTENTS XI (I) THE PURPOSE FOR WHICH THE STATEMENT WAS MADE 3-041 (II)
THE PURPOSE FOR WHICH THE STATEMENT WAS COMMUNICATED 3-042 (HI) THE
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE ADVISER, THE ADVISEE AND ANY RELEVANT THIRD
PARTY 3-043 (IV) THE SIZE OF ANY CLASS TO WHICH THE ADVISEE BELONGS
3-044 (V) THE STATE OF KNOWLEDGE OF THE ADVISER 3-045 (VI) RELIANCE BY
THE ADVISEE 3-046 (2) "REASONABLE RELIANCE" 3-047 RELIANCE MUST BE
REASONABLE 3-048 THE PURPOSE FOR WHICH THE STATEMENT IS MADE 3-049
RELIANCE MUST, IN FACT, TAKE PLACE 3-050 THE "WILL DRAFTING" CASES: AN
APPARENT EXCEPTION 3-051 ECONOMIC LOSS: CONCLUSION 3-052 NEGLIGENCE:
PSYCHIATRIC ILLNESS INTRODUCTION 4-001 DEFINITION OF "PSYCHIATRIC
ILLNESS" 4-00 2 TYPES OF CLAIMANT 4-003 HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT THE OLD
LAW 4-004 THE "IMPACT THEORY" 4-005 THE LAW EXPANDS: HAMBROOK V STOKES
4-006 NO FURTHER EXPANSION: BOURHILL V YOUNG 4-007 THE EMERGENCE OF THE
MODERN LAW: MCLOUGHLIN V O'BRIAN 4-008 LORD WILBERFORCE'S "CONTROL
MECHANISMS" 4-009 ELEMENTS OF THE MODERN LAW 4-010 PSYCHIATRIC ILLNESS
RESULTING FROM PERSONAL INJURY 4-011 PSYCHIATRIC ILLNESS RESULTING FROM
PROPERTY DAMAGE 4-012 POLICY CONSIDERATIONS 4-013 FORESEEABILITY OF
PSYCHIATRIC ILLNESS 4-014 FORESEEABILITY: PRIMARY VICTIMS 4-015
FORESEEABILITY: SECONDARY VICTIMS 4-016 PRIMARY AND SECONDARY VICTIMS
4-018 "PRIMARY VICTIMS" 4-019 THERE MAY BE A REQUIREMENT OF "ACTUAL
DANGER" 4-020 IN ANY EVENT, THE CLAIMANT'S FEAR FOR HIS OR HER OWN
SAFETY MUST BE REASONABLE 4-021 "SECONDARY VICTIMS" 4-022 SECONDARY
VICTIMS: THE ALCOCK "CONTRO L MECHANISMS" 4-023 (1) PROXIMITY OF
RELATIONSHIP 4-024 (2) PROXIMITY IN TIME AND SPACE 4-025 SIMULTANEOUS
LIVE TELEVISION 4-026 CONTENTS (3) THE MEANS BY WHICH THE PSYCHIATRIC
ILLNESS IS CAUSED 4-027 THE "SUDDEN SHOCK" REQUIREMENT 4-028 NO
LIABILITY WHERE THE CLAIMANT IS MERELY INFORMED ABOUT THE ACCIDENT 4-029
PSYCHIATRIC ILLNESS CAUSED BY A DEFENDANT HARMING OR IMPERILLING HIMSELF
OR HERSELF 4-030 THE IMPACT OF WHITE 4-031 (1) EMPLOYEES 4-032 (2)
"UNWITTING AGENTS" 4-033 (3) RESCUERS 4-034 RESCUERS WHO SUFFER PHYSICAL
INJURY 4-035 RESCUERS WHO SUFFER ONLY PSYCHIATRIC HARM 4-036 PSYCHIATRIC
ILLNESS LAW: PROPOSALS FOR REFORM 4-037 "CLOSE TIES OF LOVE AND
AFFECTION": THE "FIXED LIST" 4-038 THE "JUST AND REASONABLE"PROVISO
4-039 THE "ACTUAL DANGER" PROVISO 4-040 RESCUERS, "PARTICIPANTS" AND
"UNWITTING AGENTS" 4-04 1 DEFENCES 4-042 LIABILITY FOR PSYCHIATRIC
ILLNESS: CONCLUSION 4-043 5 NEGLIGENCE: BREACH OF DUTY INTRODUCTION
5-001 THE "REASONABLEPERSON" 5-002 THE STANDARD OF CARE IS OBJECTIVE
5-003 THE STANDARD OF CARE IS A "HYPOTHETICAL", NOT AN "AVERAGE"
STANDARD 5-004 FACTORS RELEVANT TO THE STANDARD OF CARE 5-005
FORESEEABILITY OF HARM 5-006 THE MAGNITUDE OF THE RISK 5-007 (1) THE
LIKELIHOOD OF HARM 5-008 (2) THE SERIOUSNESS OF THE CONSEQUENCES 5-009
THE BURDEN OF TAKING PRECAUTIONS 5-010 THE DEFENDANT'S FINANCIAL
CIRCUMSTANCES 5-011 THE UTILITY OF THE DEFENDANT'S CONDUCT 5-012 THE
COMPENSATION ACT 2006: THE DETERRENT EFFECT OF POTENTIAL LIABILITY 5-013
COMMON PRACTICE 5-014 THE "LEARNED HAND" TEST 5-015 SPECIAL STANDARDS OF
CARE 5-016 CHILDREN 5-017 DEFENDANTS ACTING IN AN EMERGENCY 5-018
PARTICIPANTS IN SPORT 5-01 9 CONTENTS XIII THE PROFESSIONAL STANDARD OF
CARE 5-020 THE BOLAM TEST 5-021 THE STANDARD OF THE "REASONABLE SKILLED
PERSON" 5-022 THE RELEVANCE OF COMMON PRACTICE AND PROFESSIONAL OPINION
5-023 THE LIMITS OF THE "BOLAM PRINCIPLE" 5-024 DISCLOSURE OF THE RISKS
OF TREATMENT 5-025 POLICY ISSUES IN MEDICAL NEGLIGENCE CASES 5-026 PROOF
OF BREACH 5-027 CIVIL EVIDENCE ACT 1968 5-028 RES IPSA LOQUITUR 5-029
WHEN DOES THE MAXIM APPLY? 5-030 (1) THE OCCURRENCE MUST BE ONE THAT
WILL NOT NORMALLY HAPPEN WITHOUT NEGLIGENCE (2) THE DEFENDANT MUST HAVE
CONTROL OF THE THING WHICH CAUSES THE HARM 5-031 (3) THE CAUSE OF THE
OCCURRENCE MUST BE UNKNOWN TO THE CLAIMANT 5-032 WHAT IS THE EFFECT OF
THE MAXIM? 5-033 BREACH OF DUTY: CONCLUSION 5-044 6 CAUSATION AND
REMOTENESS INTRODUCTION 6-001 FACTUAL CAUSATION 6-002 THE PRAGMATIC
APPROACH 6-003 THE "BUT FOR" TEST 6-004 PROBLEMS WITH THE "BUT FOR" TEST
6-005 CONCURRENT CAUSES 6-006 "INDETERMINATE CAUSE" 6-007 "CUMULATIVE
CAUSE" 6-008 "INDETERMINATE CAUSE" 6-009 "CUMULATIVE CAUSE" 6-010
CONSECUTIVE CAUSES 6-011 PROOF OF CAUSATION 6-012 THE "ALL OR NOTHING"
APPROACH 6-013 THE "VINDICATION OF RIGHTS" APPROACH: CHESTER V AFSHAR
6-014 THE "MATERIAL INCREASE IN RISK" APPROACH 6-015 CONTRIBUTION
BETWEEN DEFENDANTS: THE COMPENSATION ACT 2006 6-016 WHEN WILL THE
"MATERIAL INCREASE IN RISK APPROACH " APPLY? 6-017 NOVUS ACTUS
INTERVENIENS 6-018 INTERVENING ACT OF A THIRD PARTY 6-019 CONTENTS XIV .
NATURAL OR "INSTINCTIVE" INTERVENTION 6-020 NEGLIGENT INTERVENTION ^
INTENTIONAL ACTS OF WRONGDOING F~J\Y\ INTERVENING ACT OF THE CLAIMANT 6
~ 023 REMOTENESS OF DAMAGE THE OLD LAW THE MODERN LAW: THE WAGON MOUND
(NO.L) FORESEEABILITY OF THE "KIND OF DAMAGE" FORESEEABILITY OF THE "WAY
THE DAMAGE IS CAUSED" FORESEEABILITY OF THE "EXTENT" OF THE DAMAGE 6-029
THE "EGGSHELL SKULL" RULE 6 ~ 030 CAUSATION AND REMOTENESS: CONCLUSION
"~~^ 7 EMPLOYERS' LIABILITY INTRODUCTION 7-001 THE DEVELOPMENT OF
EMPLOYERS' LIABILITY /-UUZ PERSONAL LIABILITY 7 ~ 03 THE NATURE OF THE
DUTY 7 ~~ 04 (1) PROVISION OF COMPETENT STAFF 7 ~"" 05 (2) PROVISION
OF ADEQUATE PLANT AND EQUIPMENT AND A SAFE PLACE OF WORK 7 - 6 7*FLFL7
(3) PROVISION OF A SAFE SYSTEM OF WORK ' THE MODEM SCOPE OF PERSONAL
LIABILITY 7-008 STRESS IN THE WORKPLACE 7-00V BREACH OF STATUTORY DUTY 7
~ 10 CONSTRUING PARLIAMENTARY INTENTION 7-011 (1) PROTECTION OF A CLASS
1-012 (2) THE NATURE OF THE LEGISLATION 7-01 3 (3) ALTERNATIVE REMEDIES
7-014 FURTHER CONSIDERATIONS 7-015 (1) IS THE DUTY OWED TO THIS
PARTICULAR CLAIMANT? 7-016 (2) HAS THE DEFENDANT BREACHED HIS OR HER
DUTY TO THE CLAIMANT? 7-017 (3) DID THE BREACH CAUSE THE DAMAGE
CONCERNED? 7-018 (4) IS THE DAMAGE OF THE KIND WHICH THE STATUTE
INTENDED TO PREVENT? 7-019 DEFENCES 7-020 BREACHES OF EUROPEAN
LEGISLATION (THE "EUROTORT") 1-021 VICARIOUS LIABILITY 7-022 (1) THE
EMPLOYEE COMMITTED A TORT 7-023 (2) THE EXISTENCE OF AN
EMPLOYER/EMPLOYEE RELATIONSHIP 7-024 CONTENTS XV FACTORS IDENTIFYING
"EMPLOYEES" 7-025 THE TERMS OF THE CONTRACT CONTROL 7-026 THE
RELATIONSHIP AS A WHOLE 7-027 LENDING AN EMPLOYEE 7-028 (3) THE EMPLOYEE
ACTED IN THE COURSE OF EMPLOYMENT 7-029 PROHIBITED AND CRIMINAL CONDUCT
BY EMPLOYEES 7-030 THE APPLICATION OF LISTER 7-031 SUMMARY 7-032
LIABILITY FOR THE ACTIONS OF INDEPENDENT CONTRACTORS 7-033 CAN VICARIOUS
LIABILITY BE JUSTIFIED? 7-034 EMPLOYERS' LIABILITY: CONCLUSION 7-035 8
OCCUPIERS' LIABILITY INTRODUCTION 8-001 THE OLD LAW 8-002 (1)
CONTRACTUAL ENTRANTS 8-003 (2) INVITEES 8-004 (3) LICENSEES 8-005 (4)
TRESPASSERS 8-006 THE NEED FOR REFORM 8-007 OCCUPIERS' LIABILITY ACT
1957 8-008 THE SCOPE OF THE 1957 ACT (1) THE ACT COVERS DAMAGE TO
PROPERTY AS WELL AS PERSONAL INJURY 8-009 (2) LIABILITY UNDER THE ACT
MAY BE LIMITED BY AN EXPRESS TERM OF A CONTRACT, OR BY A NOTICE GIVEN TO
VISITORS 8-010 (3) THE ACT IS THOUGHT TO APPLY ONLY TO THE "OCCUPANCY
DUTY" 8-011 DEFINITION OF "OCCUPIER" 8-012 DEFINITION OF "PREMISES"
8-013 DEFINITION OF "VISITOR" 8-014 PERSONS ENTERING BY AUTHORITY OF LAW
8-015 PERSONS EXERCISING RIGHTS OF WAY 8-016 IMPLIED PERMISSION 8-017
LIMITATIONS ON PERMISSION 8-018 THE "COMMON DUTY OF CARE" 8-019
DISCHARGING THE COMMON DUTY OF CARE 8-020 CHILDREN 8-021 PROFESSIONAL
VISITORS 8-022 GIVING A WARNING OF THE DANGER 8-023 ENTRUSTING WORK TO
INDEPENDENT CONTRACTORS 8-024 EXCLUSION OF LIABILITY 8-025 (1)
DISPLAYING A NOTICE ON THE PREMISES 8-026 (2) AN EXPRESS TERM OF A
CONTRACT 8-027 CONTENTS THE CONTRACT'S EFFECT ON THIRD PARTIES 8-028
UNFAIR CONTRACT TERMS ACT 1977 8-029 LIABILITY TO NON-VISITORS 8-030 THE
OLD LAW 8-031 OCCUPIERS' LIABILITY ACT 1984 8-032 DEFENCES 8-033
CONTRIBUTORY NEGLIGENCE 8-034 9 STRICT LIABILITY STATUTES 9-001 (1)
CONSUMER PROTECTION ACT 1987 INTRODUCTION 9-002 THE COMMON LAW POSITION
9-003 THE SCOPE OF DONOGHUE V STEVENSON 9-004 THE DUTY OF CARE 9-00 5
BREACH 9-006 CAUSATION AND REMOTENESS 9-007 THE TYPE OF LOSS RECOVERABLE
9-008 PARTICULAR PROBLEMS RELATING TO DEFECTIVE PRODUCTS (1) WHAT IS A
PRODUCT? 9-009 (2) HAS THERE BEEN INTERMEDIATE EXAMINATION OR
INTERFERENCE? 9-010 (3) THE MANUFACTURE/DESIGN DISTINCTION 9-011 THE
NEED FOR CHANGE? 9-012 CONSUMER PROTECTION ACT 1987 9-013 WHO CAN SUE?
9-014 WHO IS LIABLE? 9-015 (1) PRODUCER*SS. 1(2) AND 2(2) (A) 9-016 (2)
OWN BRANDER*S.2(2)(B) 9-017 (3) IMPORTER INTO E.C.*S.2(2)(C) 9-018 (4)
SUPPLIER*S.2(3) 9-019 WHAT IS A PRODUCT? 9-020 WHAT IS A DEFECT? 9-021
WHAT DAMAGE? 9-024 DEFENCES 9-025 (A) THE DEFECT IS ATTRIBUTABLE TO
COMPLIANCE WITH A REQUIREMENT IMPOSED BY LAW 9-026 (B) THE DEFENDANTS
DID NOT AT ANY TIME SUPPLY THE PRODUCT TO ANOTHER 9-027 (C) SUPPLY BY
THE DEFENDANTS WAS NOT IN COURSE OF THEIR BUSINESS 9-028 (D) THE DEFECT
DID NOT EXIST IN THE PRODUCT AT THE RELEVANT TIME, I.E. WHEN IT WAS PUT
INTO CIRCULATION 9-029 CONTENTS XVII (E) THE DEVELOPMENT RISK DEFENCE
9-030 (F) THE DEFECT WAS A DEFECT IN A FINISHED PRODUCT (X) IN WHICH THE
PRODUCT IN QUESTION HAD BEEN COMPRISED AND WAS WHOLLY ATTRIBUTABLE TO
THE DESIGN OF X OR TO COMPLIANCE WITH THE PRODUCER OFX'S INSTRUCTIONS
9-032 CONTRIBUTORY NEGLIGENCE 9-033 EXCLUSION CLAUSES 9-034 LIMITATION
PERIODS 9-035 CAUSATION AND REMOTENESS 9-036 ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF
THE ACT CONTINUING PRACTICAL PROBLEMS 9-037 STANDARD AND NON-STANDARD
PRODUCTS 9-038 USE OF SETTLEMENTS 9-039 BREACH OF STATUTORY DUTY 9-040
REFORM OF THE PRODUCT LIABILITY DIRECTIVE 9-041 (2) ANIMALS ACT 1971
9-042 DANGEROUS/NON-DANGEROUS SPECIES 9-043 DANGEROUS SPECIES 9-044
NON-DANGEROUS SPECIES 9-045 DEFENCES 9-04 7 (I) FAULT OF THE VICTIM
9-048 (II) VOLUNTARY ACCEPTANCE OF RISK 9-049 (HI) THE VICTIM IS A
TRESPASSER 9-050 CONCLUSION 9-051 10 NUISANCE AND THE RULE IN RYLANDS V
FLETCHER INTRODUCTION 10-001 NUISANCE 10-002 PRIVATE NUISANCE 10-003
WHAT AMOUNTS TO A PRIVATE NUISANCE? 10-004 "REASONABLE USER" 10-005
FACTORS DETERMINING REASONABLE USER 10-006 (1) THE NATURE OF THE
LOCALITY 10-007 (2) DURATION AND FREQUENCY 10-008 (3) UTILITY OF THE
DEFENDANT'S CONDUCT 10-009 (4) ABNORMAL SENSITIVITY 10-010 (5) MALICE
10-012 WHO CAN SUE? 10-013 XVU1 CONTENTS RIGHTS IN THE LAND LOSSES
INCURRED PRIOR TO ACQUISITION OF A RIGHT TO LAND LANDLORDS THE HUMAN
RIGHTS ACT 1998 WHO CAN BE SUED? (1) THE OCCUPIER OF THE LAND (I) THE
OCCUPIER EXERCISES CONTROL OVER THE CREATOR (II) THE OCCUPIER HAS
ADOPTED OR CONTINUED A NUISANCE CREATED BY A TRESPASSER (III) THE
OCCUPIER HAS ADOPTED OR CONTINUED A NUISANCE CREATED BY AN ACT OF NATURE
THE MEASURED DUTY OF CARE (IV) THE CREATOR IS THE OCCUPIER'S PREDECESSOR
IN TITLE (2) THE LANDLORD (I) WHERE THE LANDLORD EXPRESSLY OR IMPLIEDLY
AUTHORISES THE NUISANCE (II) THE LANDLORD KNEW OR OUGHT TO HAVE KNOWN OF
THE NUISANCE BEFORE LETTING (III) THE LANDLORD COVENANTED TO REPAIR, OR
HAS A RIGHT TO ENTER TO REPAIR MUST THE NUISANCE EMANATE FROM THE
DEFENDANT'S LAND? RELEVANT DEFENCES (1) STATUTORY AUTHORITY (2) 20
YEARS' PRESCRIPTION (3) INEVITABLE ACCIDENT (4) ACT OF A STRANGER
INEFFECTIVE DEFENCES (1) COMING TO THE NUISANCE (2) UTILITY (3) JUS
TERTII (4) DUE TO MANY RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PRIVATE NUISANCE AND OTHER
TORTS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PRIVATE NUISANCE AND NEGLIGENCE THE
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PRIVATE NUISANCE AND TRESPASS TO LAND PUBLIC
NUISANCE OBSTRUCTIONS ON THE HIGHWAY PROJECTIONS OVER THE HIGHWAY
PARTICULAR DAMAGE THE RULE IN RYLANDS V FLETCHER WHAT IS THE
SIGNIFICANCE OF RYLANDS V FLETCHER? LIABILITY UNDER THE RULE IN RYLANDS
V FLETCHER (1) THE DEFENDANT BRINGS ON HIS LANDS FOR HIS OWN PURPOSES
SOMETHING LIKELY TO DO MISCHIEF 10-016 10-017 10-018 10-019 10-020
10-021 10-022 10-023 10-024 10-025 10-026 10-027 10-029 10-030 10-031
10-032 10-033 10-034 10-035 10-036 10-037 10-038 10-039 10-040 10-041
10-042 10-043 10-044 10-045 10-046 10-047 10-048 10-049 10-050 10-052
10-053 CONTENTS XIX (2) IF IT ESCAPES 10-054 (3) NON-NATURAL USER 10-055
(4) FORESEEABILITY OF DAMAGE OF THE RELEVANT TYPE 10-056 WHO CAN SUE?
10-057 WHO CAN BE SUED? 10-058 DEFENCES 10-059 (1) CLAIMANT'S DEFAULT
10-060 (2) UNFORESEEABLE ACT OF STRANGER 10-061 (3) ACT OF GOD 10-062
(4) STATUTORY AUTHORITY 10-063 (5) CONSENT 10-064 REMEDIES 10-065 (1)
INJUNCTIONS 10-066 (2) ABATEMENT 10-067 (3) DAMAGES 10-06 8 PERSONAL
INJURY 10-069 ECONOMIC LOSS 10-070 DAMAGE TO CHATTELS 10-071 REMOTENESS
10-072 THE HUMAN RIGHTS ACT 1998 10-073 CONCLUSION 10-074 11 TRESPASS
INTRODUCTION 11-001 TRESPASS TO THE PERSON 11-002 BATTERY 11-003 (1) IT
MUST BE INTENTIONAL 11-004 (2) IT MUST BE DIRECT 11-005 (4) IMMEDIATE
FORCE 11-006 ASSAULT 11-007 (1) REASONABLE APPREHENSION OF HARM 11-008
(2) IT MUST BE INTENTIONAL 11-009 (3) IT MUST BE IMMEDIATE AND DIRECT
11-010 CAN WORDS AMOUNT TO AN ASSAULT? 11-011 FALSE IMPRISONMENT 11-012
(1) A COMPLETE RESTRICTION OF THE CLAIMANT'S FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT 11-013
IT IS UNNECESSARY TO SHOW THE CLAIMANT KNEW OF THE IMPRISONMENT 11-015
(2) WITHOUT LEGAL AUTHORISATION 11-016 THE RULE IN WILKINSON V DOWNTON
11-01 7 CONTENTS TRESPASS TO THE PERSON: DEFENCES 11-018 (1) CONSENT
11-019 REFUSAL OF CONSENT 11- 20 LIMITS TO CONSENT 11-021 (2) NECESSITY
11-022 (3) SELF-DEFENCE 11-023 (4) PROVOCATION 11-024 (5) CONTRIBUTORY
NEGLIGENCE 11-025 (6) LAWFUL AUTHORITY 11-026 CAN TRESPASS TO THE PERSON
BE COMMITTED NEGLIGENTLY? 11-027 PROTECTION FROM HARASSMENT ACT 1997
11-028 WHAT IS "HARASSMENT"? 11-029 REMEDIES 11-030 MALICIOUS
PROSECUTION 11-031 TRESPASS TO LAND 11-034 (1) DIRECT AND UNJUSTIFIABLE
INTERFERENCE 11-035 (2) POSSESSION OF LAND 11-036 TRESPASS TO LAND:
DEFENCES 11-037 (1) LICENCE 11-038 (2) NECESSITY 11-039 (3)
JUSTIFICATION BY LAW 11-040 TRESPASS TO LAND: REMEDIES 11-04 1 (1)
SELF-HELP 11-042 (2) ORDER FOR POSSESSION OF LAND 11-043 (3) MESNE
PROFITS 11-044 TRESPASS TO GOODS 11-045 THE REQUIREMENTS OF TRESPASS TO
GOODS (1) IT MUST BE INTENTIONAL 11-046 (2) IT MUST BE DIRECT 11-047 (3)
ACTIONABLE PER SE? 11-048 (4) POSSESSION 11-049 DEFENCES 11-050 12 THE
ECONOMIC TORTS INTRODUCTION 12-001 REGULATING COMPETITION: THE SCOPE OF
THE ECONOMIC TORTS 12-002 INDUCING A BREACH OF CONTRACT 12-003 THE
DEFENDANT MUST KNOW OF THE EXISTENCE OF THE CONTRACT 12-004 CONTENTS XXI
THE DEFENDANT MUST KNOW THAT THE INDUCED CONDUCT WILL AMOUNT TO A BREACH
12-005 KNOWLEDGE OF THE CONTRACTUAL TERMS 12-006 KNOWLEDGE OF THE LEGAL
EFFECT OF THE INDUCED CONDUCT 12-007 THE DEFENDANT MUST "INTEND" TO
INDUCE THE BREACH 12-008 WHAT COUNTS AS "INTENDING"? 12-009 MUST THE
DEFENDANT INTEND TO CAUSE LOSS? 12-01 0 WHAT COUNTS AS "INDUCING"?
12-011 DEFENCES TO INDUCING A BREACH OF CONTRACT 12-012 WHERE THE
DEFENDANT HAS AN EQUAL OR SUPERIOR RIGHT TO THE THIRD PARTY'S
PERFORMANCE 12-013 WHERE THE DEFENDANT HAS STATUTORY AUTHORITY TO
INTERFERE WITH THE CONTRACT 12-014 WHERE THE DEFENDANT HAS A MORAL OR
SOCIAL DUTY TO INTERFERE WITH THE CONTRACT 12-015 CAUSING LOSS BY
UNLAWFUL MEANS 12-016 THE DEFENDANT'S ACTIONS MUST BE "UNLAWFUL" IN THE
RELEVANT SENSE 12-017 THE DEFENDANT'S ACTIONS MUST AFFECT THE THIRD
PARTY'S FREEDOM TO DEAL WITH THE CLAIMANT 12-018 THE DEFENDANT MUST
INTEND TO CAUSE THE CLAIMANT LOSS 12-019 WAYS OF COMMITTING THE UNLAWFUL
MEANS TORT 12-020 THE "INTERFERENCE WITH CONTRACTUAL RELATIONS"
SCENARIOS 12-021 THE INTIMIDATION SCENARIOS 12-022 THE MODERN TORTS
APPLIED: THE OBG V ALLAN APPEALS YL-QTS MAINSTREAM PROPERTIES LTD V
YOUNG 12-024 OBG V ALLAN 12-025 DOUGLAS V HELLO! 12-026 CONSPIRACY
12-027 UNLAWFUL MEANS CONSPIRACY 12-02 8 WHAT MUST THE CONSPIRATORS
INTEND? 12-029 WHAT COUNTS AS "UNLAWFUL MEANS" FOR THE PURPOSE OF
ESTABLISHING THIS TORT? 12-030 LAWFUL MEANS CONSPIRACY 12-031 THE
ECONOMIC TORTS: CONCLUSION 12-032 13 DEFAMATION INTRODUCTION 13-001
LIBEL AND SLANDER 13-002 TYPES OF SLANDER ACTIONABLE PER SE 13-003 (1)
IMPUTATION OF A CRIMINAL OFFENCE PUNISHABLE BY IMPRISONMENT 13-004 (2)
IMPUTATION OF A CONTAGIOUS DISEASE 13-005 XXII CONTENTS (3) IMPUTATION
OF UNCHASTITY OR ADULTERY BY A FEMALE (4) IMPUTATION OF PROFESSIONAL
UNFITNESS OR INCOMPETENCE THE GENERAL REQUIREMENTS OF DEFAMATION THE
ROLE OF THE JUDGE AND JURY (1) IS THE STATEMENT DEFAMATORY? INNUENDO (2)
DOES THE STATEMENT REFER TO THE CLAIMANT? GROUP DEFAMATION (3) HAS THE
STATEMENT BEEN PUBLISHED TO A THIRD PARTY? WHO CAN SUE? (I) ANY LIVING
HUMAN BEING (2) COMPANIES WHO CANNOT SUE? (1) GOVERNMENTAL BODIES (2)
POLITICAL PARTIES CONCLUSION 13-006 13-007 13-008 13-009 13-010 13-012
13-014 13-016 13-017 13-019 13-020 13-021 13-022 13-023 14 DEFENCES TO
DEFAMATION INTRODUCTION 14-001 (1) JUSTIFICATION (OR TRUTH) 14-002 (2)
FAIR COMMENT 14-004 IN THE PUBLIC INTEREST 14-005 IT MUST BE COMMENT
14-006 FAIR AND HONEST 14-007 (3) PRIVILEGE 14-008 ABSOLUTE PRIVILEGE
14-009 (1) STATEMENTS IN PARLIAMENT 14-010 (2) REPORTS, PAPERS, VOTES
AND PROCEEDINGS ORDERED TO BE PUBLISHED BY EITHER HOUSE OF PARLIAMENT
14-011 (3) JUDICIAL PROCEEDINGS 14-012 (4) REPORTS OF UNITED KINGDOM
COURT PROCEEDINGS 14-013 (5) COMMUNICATIONS BETWEEN CERTAIN OFFICERS OF
STATE 14-014 QUALIFIED PRIVILEGE 14*015 QUALIFIED PRIVILEGE AT COMMON
LAW 14-016 WHAT IS A LEGAL, MORAL OR SOCIAL DUTY? 14-017 WHAT IS AN
INTEREST? 14-018 THE DUTY/INTEREST TEST AND THE MEDIA 14-019 THE
APPLICATION OF REYNOLDS 14-02 2 QUALIFIED PRIVILEGE UNDER STATUTE 14-026
(I) REPORTS OF PARLIAMENTARY PROCEEDINGS 14-027 (II) REPORTS OF JUDICIAL
PROCEEDINGS 14-028 (HI) REGISTERS 14-029 CONTENTS XXIII (IV) OTHER
MATTERS COVERED BY SECTION 15 AND SCHEDULE 1 TO THE DEFAMATION ACT 1996
14-030 SCHEDULE 1 AND FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION 14-031 (4) OFFER OF AMENDS
UNDER THE DEFAMATION ACT 1996 14-032 (5) INNOCENT DISSEMINATION 14-033
REFORM 14-035 (6) LIMITATION 14-036 THE NEED FOR REFORM 14-037
PROCEDURAL REFORMS 14*038 CONTROL OF DAMAGES 14-039 INTERIM INJUNCTIONS
14-042 COMPLAINTS TO REGULATORY BODIES 14-043 MALICIOUS OR INJURIOUS
FALSEHOOD 14-044 DEFAMATION: CONCLUSION 14-046 15 PRIVACY (OR MISUSE OF
PRIVATE INFORMATION) 15-001 PROTECTION OF PRIVACY BY EXISTING TORTS
15-002 HAS THE HUMAN RIGHTS ACT 1998 MADE A DIFFERENCE? 15-00 3 THE
CURRENT LEGAL POSITION 1. REJECTION OF A NEW TORT OF INVASION OF PRIVACY
15-004 2. THE "EXTENDED" BREACH OF CONFIDENCE ACTION 15-005 CAMPBELL V
MIRROR GROUP NEWSPAPERS LTD 15-006 MCKENNITT V ASH 15-007 APPLICATION OF
THE TWO-STAGE TEST (I) IS THE INFORMATION PRIVATE? 15-008 (II) BALANCING
ARTICLE 8 AND ARTICLE 10 15-009 REMEDIES 15-010 CONCLUSION 15-011 16
GENERAL DEFENCES AND EXTINCTION OF LIABILITY INTRODUCTION 16-001
DEFENCES (1) CONSENT 16-002 (I) CONSENT 16-003 (II) VOLUNTARY ASSUMPTION
OF RISK 16-004 (A) AGREEMENT 16-005 XXIV CONTENTS (B) FULL KNOWLEDGE AND
ACCEPTANCE OF THE NATURE AND EXTENT OF THE RISK 16-006 (C) VOLUNTARY
CHOICE BY THE CLAIMANT 16-007 OTHER USES OF "CONSENT" IN NEGLIGENCE
16-009 (A) SETTING THE STANDARD OF CARE IN NEGLIGENCE 16-01 0 (B)
EXCLUSION CLAUSES 16-011 (HI) LEAVE OR LICENCE 16-012 (2) PUBLIC POLICY
AND ILLEGALITY 16-013 REFORM 16-016 (3) CONTRIBUTORY NEGLIGENCE 16-017
THE STATUTORY POSITION 16-018 (I) WAS THE CLAIMANT ACTING NEGLIGENTLY?
16-019 (II) DID THE CLAIMANT'S ACTIONS CONTRIBUTE TO THE DAMAGE
SUFFERED? 16-020 (HI) TO WHAT EXTENT SHOULD THE CLAIMANT'S DAMAGES BE
REDUCED? WHAT IS "JUST AND EQUITABLE" IN THESE CIRCUMSTANCES? (A)
FAILURE TO WEAR A SEAT BELT (B) FAILURE TO WEAR A CRASH HELMET (C)
NEGLIGENT VALUATION CASES MULTIPLE DEFENDANTS (4) INEVITABLE ACCIDENT
(5) MISTAKE GENERAL DEFENCES: CONCLUSION EXTINCTION OF LIABILITY (1)
LIMITATION OF ACTIONS PERSONAL INJURY CLAIMS * SS. 11, 14 AND 33 OF THE
LIMITATION ACT 1980 SECTION 11 SECTION 14 SECTION 12 SECTION 33
DEFAMATION * SS.4A AND 32A OF THE LIMITATION ACT 1980 DEFECTIVE PRODUCTS
* S.HA OF THE LIMITATION ACT 1980 LIMITATION PROBLEMS (I) DELIBERATE
CONCEALMENT (II) DISABILITY (HI) LATENT DAMAGE: PROPERTY DAMAGE OR
FINANCIAL LOSS THE BURDEN OF PROOF REFORM (2) WAIVER (3) ACCORD AND
SATISFACTION (4) JUDGMENT (5) DEATH EXTINCTION OF LIABILITY: CONCLUSION
16-021 16-022 16-023 16-024 16-025 16-026 16-027 16-028 16-029 16-030
16-031 16-032 16-033 16-034 16-035 16-036 16-037 16-038 16-039 16-040
16-041 16-042 16-043 16-044 16-045 CONTENTS XXV 17 REMEDIES INTRODUCTION
DAMAGES TYPES OF DAMAGES (1) COMPENSATORY (2) CONTEMPTUOUS (3) NOMINAL
(4) AGGRAVATED (5) EXEMPLARY OR PUNITIVE THE THREE KINDS OF PUNITIVE
DAMAGES (I) OPPRESSIVE, ARBITRARY OR UNCONSTITUTIONAL ACTIONS BY
GOVERNMENT SERVANTS (II) CONDUCT CALCULATED BY THE DEFENDANT TO MAKE A
PROFIT WHICH MAY WELL EXCEED ANY COMPENSATION PAYABLE TO THE CLAIMANT
(HI) EXPRESSLY AUTHORISED BY STATUTE THE "CAUSE OF ACTION" TEST (6)
RESTITUTIONARY THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TORT DAMAGES AND DAMAGES UNDER
THE HUMAN RIGHTS ACT 1998 ACTIONS FOR PERSONAL INJURY PECUNIARY LOSS (1)
LOSS OF EARNINGS (2) LOST YEARS (3) LOSS OF EARNING CAPACITY (4)
DEDUCTIONS (I) CHARITY (II) VOLUNTARY PAYMENTS BY THE DEFENDANT (III)
INSURANCE (IV) SICK PAY (V) PENSION (VI) SOCIAL SECURITY BENEFITS (5)
EXPENSES COST OF A CARER (6) OTHER DAMAGES NON-PECUNIARY LOSS (1) PAIN
AND SUFFERING (2) LOSS OF AMENITY (3) INJURY ITSELF INTEREST (I)
PECUNIARY LOSS (2) NON-PECUNIARY LOSS ALTERNATIVES TO LUMP SUM PAYMENTS
(1) PROVISIONAL DAMAGES 17-001 17-002 17-003 17-004 17-006 17-007 17-008
17-009 17-010 17-011 17-012 17-013 17-014 17-015 17-016 17-017 17-018
17-019 17-021 17-022 17-023 17-024 17-025 17-026 17-027 17-028 17-029
17-030 17-031 17-032 17-033 17-034 17-035 17-036 17-037 17-038 17-039
17-040 CONTENTS (2) INTERIM PAYMENTS 17-041 (3) PERIODIC PAYMENTS 17-042
ACTIONS ON DEATH 17-044 (1) ACTIONS BY THE DECEASED'S ESTATE 17-045 (2)
ACTIONS BY THE DECEASED'S DEPENDANTS 17-046 FATAL ACCIDENTS ACT 1976
17-047 (1) IS THE CLAIMANT A DEPENDANT WITHIN S.I(3) OF THE ACT? 17-048
(2) WAS THE CLAIMANT FINANCIALLY DEPENDENT ON THE DECEASED? 17-049
ASSESSMENT 17-050 DEDUCTIONS 17-051 DAMAGES FOR BEREAVEMENT 17-053
ACTIONS FOR LOSS OR DAMAGE TO PROPERTY 17-054 JOINT AND SEVERAL
LIABILITY 17-055 ASSESSMENT 17-056 SETTLEMENTS 17-057 OTHER REMEDIES
17-058 INJUNCTIONS 17-059 PROHIBITORY AND MANDATORY INJUNCTIONS 17-060
INTERIM INJUNCTIONS 17-061 QUIA TIMET INJUNCTIONS 17-062 REMEDIES:
CONCLUSION 17-063 INDEX 553 |
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| any_adam_object_boolean | 1 |
| author | Giliker, Paula Beckwith, Silas |
| author_GND | (DE-588)173467326 |
| author_facet | Giliker, Paula Beckwith, Silas |
| author_role | aut aut |
| author_sort | Giliker, Paula |
| author_variant | p g pg s b sb |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV023259990 |
| callnumber-first | K - Law |
| callnumber-label | KD1949 |
| callnumber-raw | KD1949 |
| callnumber-search | KD1949 |
| callnumber-sort | KD 41949 |
| callnumber-subject | KD - United Kingdom and Ireland |
| classification_rvk | PU 4346 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)226280694 (DE-599)BVBBV023259990 |
| dewey-full | 346.4203 |
| dewey-hundreds | 300 - Social sciences |
| dewey-ones | 346 - Private law |
| dewey-raw | 346.4203 |
| dewey-search | 346.4203 |
| dewey-sort | 3346.4203 |
| dewey-tens | 340 - Law |
| discipline | Rechtswissenschaft |
| discipline_str_mv | Rechtswissenschaft |
| edition | 3. ed. |
| format | Book |
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| geographic | Wales (DE-588)4064435-2 gnd England (DE-588)4014770-8 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Wales England |
| id | DE-604.BV023259990 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T20:31:37Z |
| indexdate | 2024-11-25T11:01:59Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9780421949805 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016445204 |
| oclc_num | 226280694 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-739 DE-703 |
| owner_facet | DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-739 DE-703 |
| physical | LXXIX, 572 S. |
| publishDate | 2008 |
| publishDateSearch | 2008 |
| publishDateSort | 2008 |
| publisher | Sweet & Maxwell |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | Sweet & Maxwell's textbook series |
| spelling | Giliker, Paula Verfasser (DE-588)173467326 aut Tort Paula Giliker and Silas Beckwith 3. ed. London Sweet & Maxwell 2008 LXXIX, 572 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Sweet & Maxwell's textbook series Torts England Torts Wales Unerlaubte Handlung (DE-588)4061688-5 gnd rswk-swf Wales (DE-588)4064435-2 gnd rswk-swf England (DE-588)4014770-8 gnd rswk-swf England (DE-588)4014770-8 g Unerlaubte Handlung (DE-588)4061688-5 s DE-604 Wales (DE-588)4064435-2 g Beckwith, Silas Verfasser aut SWB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016445204&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Giliker, Paula Beckwith, Silas Tort Torts England Torts Wales Unerlaubte Handlung (DE-588)4061688-5 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4061688-5 (DE-588)4064435-2 (DE-588)4014770-8 |
| title | Tort |
| title_auth | Tort |
| title_exact_search | Tort |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Tort |
| title_full | Tort Paula Giliker and Silas Beckwith |
| title_fullStr | Tort Paula Giliker and Silas Beckwith |
| title_full_unstemmed | Tort Paula Giliker and Silas Beckwith |
| title_short | Tort |
| title_sort | tort |
| topic | Torts England Torts Wales Unerlaubte Handlung (DE-588)4061688-5 gnd |
| topic_facet | Torts England Torts Wales Unerlaubte Handlung Wales England |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016445204&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT gilikerpaula tort AT beckwithsilas tort |