Treva e Pollogut në lëvizjen kombëtare shqiptare: 1899 - 1913
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Albanian |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Tetovë
Shtëpia Botuese "Tringa Design"
2007
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Abstract |
| Beschreibung: | Zsfassung in engl. Sprache u.d.T: The valley of Pollog in Albanian national movement 1899 - 1913 |
| Beschreibung: | 366 S. Ill. |
| ISBN: | 9789989268700 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Treva e Pollogut në lëvizjen kombëtare shqiptare |b 1899 - 1913 |c Zeqirja Idrizi |
| 264 | 1 | |a Tetovë |b Shtëpia Botuese "Tringa Design" |c 2007 | |
| 300 | |a 366 S. |b Ill. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Zsfassung in engl. Sprache u.d.T: The valley of Pollog in Albanian national movement 1899 - 1913 | ||
| 648 | 4 | |a Geschichte 1900-2000 | |
| 648 | 7 | |a Geschichte 1899-1913 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Geschichte | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Nationalismus | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Nationalism |z Albania |x History |y 20th century | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Albaner |0 (DE-588)4068517-2 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 651 | 4 | |a Albania |x History |y 1878-1912 | |
| 651 | 4 | |a Macedonia |x History |y 1878-1912 | |
| 651 | 4 | |a Polog Valley (Macedonia) |x History |y 20th century | |
| 651 | 7 | |a Polog |g Makedonien |0 (DE-588)7677214-7 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 689 | 0 | 0 | |a Polog |g Makedonien |0 (DE-588)7677214-7 |D g |
| 689 | 0 | 1 | |a Albaner |0 (DE-588)4068517-2 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 2 | |a Geschichte 1899-1913 |A z |
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| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016255376&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Abstract |
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| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 909 |e 22/bsb |f 09041 |g 4965 |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 909 |e 22/bsb |f 09041 |g 4976 |
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804137285407473665 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Treva
e
Pollogut
në Levizjen Kombëtare
Shąiptare
1899 -1913 329
THE VALLEY OF POLLO6 IN ALBANIAN NATIONAL
MOVEMENT
1899-1913
SUMMARY
The Valley of Pollog with its geographic characteristics,
climate and natural sources was very attractive for different
occupations since the antiquity up to the period of this
analyze and later, bringing its population into deplorable
political and economic position.
For the period of time as a topic of analyze, this valley
was exposed to a wild despotic regime of ottoman
occupations. As a result of this the physiognomy of
territorial and administrative regulation undergoes several
changes including political and social events that happened
here as well in
Kosova
and wider. Precisely these
circumstances dictate that
Tetova
to become centre of
Pashallek and later
Kaza
centre in Sandjak of Prizren.
As a result of above mentioned this valley during that
period of time had a heterogenic national composition and
rise of the population beside the high level of mortality.
While on national structure the Albanian population was
increasing on the number of total population its social
position was on a total distress.
The period from
XVIII
century to the reform of
Tanzimati
(1839)
characterized with aggravated relations
among social strata of this valley which were characteristic
also for other places of the
Vilajet
of
Kosova
and wider.
330
Doc.
dr. Zeąirja
Idrìzi
In one side these relations between the feudal classes
were in fierce struggle for power, the
Deralla
family became
to overrule upon others by supporting the High Port and its
reforms undertaken at the end of
XVIII
and at the
beginning of
XIX
century. On the other side the antagonism
among the different social classes become deeper especially
among country people who expressed their revolt against
the exploitation which become to a strong armed resistance
against these actions and reforms taken by High Port.
Since the beginning of 30-ies of
XIX
century in Pollog
too were appeared the first forms of capitalistic produce. Its
elements were dispersed in its suburb too. Penetration of
new relations in these areas interlace with old feudal norms
as a result of backward base of produce.
Later the new relations were developed quickly but on
their way appeared some obstacles as a result of old feudal
laws in power and the strong concurrence of imported
products which entered into the Ottoman Empire without
any taxes while to export of domestic products made by an
old technology appeared serious problems like high duty
taxes especially from the 60-ies of
XIX
century were the
main reasons that the
economy especially the handcraft of Pollog of that time
took its permanent downward to the end of the period of
this discussion.
The appearance and penetration of new relations at the
same time noted the process of destruction of the
handcrafts, this medieval institution and to the military
ottoman feudalism in general which was risked since the
Treva
e
Pollogut
në Lëvizjen Kombëtare Shqiptare
1899 -1913 331
beginning of the
period
of appearing of the first forms of
capitalistic produce.
Valley of Pollog as well as the other parts of
Kosova
was an active participant into all events of Albanian
National Movements of the last period of National
Renaissance. At the end of the
XIX
and at the beginning of
the XX century Albanian national movement was increased.
A large number of secret committees were established and
many Albanian associations and committees were active
abroad. All of them contributed to arouse national
consciousness among Albanians also the governmental
policy contributed the gap between the government and the
population to become deeper. While the Ottoman Empire
was loading the villagers of pollog with new obligations and
taxes every year and made their live more difficult, other
Balkan countries being aware of the weakness of Ottoman
Empire were planning the parceling out its European parts.
European imperialist countries were divided into two
antagonist blocks they had their interests in Balkan
Peninsula that fore they tried to keep the balance of their
antagonist powers and insisted on keeping status quos.
Willingly or not these events encouraged Albanians of
pollog to think for their future. The agreement in
Reval
between England and Russia in
1908
has as a topic of
discussion also the issue of the European part of Ottoman
Empire. The Serbian government tried to use its influence
that the reforms to include obligatory the
vilajet
of
kosova
too, with intention to rise its influence and propaganda.
The capitulation policy of High Port by Austro-Hungary and
giving the concession for building the railway Uvac-
332
Doc. dr.
Zeąirja
Idrìzi
Mitrovice troubled strong Albanians of
kosova
and them of
pollog who during the summer of
1908
gathered in Ferizaj
to decide for themselves and for their nation.
Under these political circumstances to Albanians of
pollog appeared the movement of new
turks xhonturqit,
to
ask their help and support against the absolute regime of
Sultan
Hamid
IL
There were many of their promises for
self-government and the democratization of public live. The
triumph of the Xhonturk revolution which was supported
without reserve by Albanians, made possibilities for their
cultural and educational progress. Many schools and
Albanian dubs were opened, many newspapers and
magazines were published and as its crown was The
Congress of
Manastiri
and that of Elbasani.
Impetuosity of developing of culture and national
consciousness to Albanians and the pollog inhabitants
frightened that much the xhonturks that during the
1909
started to practice their reactionary, assimilatory
chauvinistic and pan-islamic policy in all spheres of every
day s life. They organized the Congress of Dibra which aim
was to bury the Albanian culture. They established
Ottoman clubs which aim was to paralyze the activity of
Albanian clubs and schools they brought laws that forbade
the activities of Albanian schools and clubs, newspapers,
magazines and books. Under the pretext of following the
reactionary forces, they sent the punishing expedition lead
by Xhavit Pasha, who was famous for his crimes and
massacres made upon the Albanian population of the
Treva
e
Pollogut
në Lëvizjen Kombëtare Shqiptare
1899 -1913 333
Vilajet
of
Kosova.
All these events testify for anti-Albanian
policy made by Xhonturks and the conditions on which the
Albanian movement should act. While we had a conflict
between Albanians and xhonturks in one side, on the other
side there was the intern conflict among Albanians. A part
of beylers and Muslim clerics supported the xhonturks
while the peasants who from these changes expected their
life conditions to improve, they felt being used and started
to express their revolt against new regime. The national
middle-classes from which were recruited the most eminent
Albanian patriots continue the struggle for the affirmation
of the national culture and for the realization of the
national autonomy.
Albanian clubs were also active on supporting the idea
of autonomy, activity this that disturbed Turkish
government as well as neighbor countries government too,
because the Pollog and
Kosova
Valley was powder power
and always ready to rise with arms on hands against the
Turkish regime. The intellectuals of these tribes such as
Mehmet
Pasha
Deralla,
Tajar
bej
Tetova
(Deralla),
She
Mustafę
Tetova,
Josif
Bageri,
Abdulhaqim Dogani,
Atañas
Arnaudovi-Albanski etc, were fighting for protection of the
rights of Albanians. These intellectuals developed a wide
activity in pollog and other places by strengthen the idea of
autonomy.
Being aware for this they tried peoples revolt against
the Turkish regime to use and to set in a struggle for
national liberation. The revolt of the year
1910,
which had a
social character at the beginning and started with the
334
Doc. dr.
Zeqirja Idrizi
resistance of the villagers against the feudal uses and new
taxes become into a liberation war which remained with
local character because its weak organization and later
including Shkodra and
Malësia.
It is important to mention that the Albanian
efforts for liberation from foreign occupations were not
supported by anyone from abroad. The neighbor countries
tried to use for their interests this revolt.
During the expedition of Turgut Pasha on summer
1910
some of the leaders of the revolt asked for help from
Serbian government which categorically refused these
requests but later they accommodate some chieftain with
main aim to misuse them on the national movement.
During
1911
Albanian armed groups troubled Turkish
occupations, they attacked military garrisons and other
military objects while Turkish government declared that
the revolt was ended. This issue was interested to some
European countries that had some interests joined with
Turkish Empire. These countries often intervened these
revolts to end because they were interested to keep the
status quo. With the intention to convince the European
opinion that in
Kosova
and Pollog doesn t exist any kinds of
revolt and Albanian problem, Sultan
Mehmet Reshati
IV
personally came to visit
Kosova
with a lot of presents for
Albanian chieftains and feudal from
Kosova
but all this
journey remained without any success and Sultan himself
was embarrassed and went back from Prishtina for a short
period of time. This was a good example that can not
misuse Albanians for a small amount of money or some
presents but they are convinced to fight for their freedom.
Treva
e Polïogut nëLëvizjen Kombëtare Shqiptare
1899 -1913 335
This was verified during the first months of
1912
during
the parliamentarian election when Albanians from Pollog
and others desperately asked to bee represented by their
best representatives into the Turkish parliament. Because
of this there were armed conflicts between the population
and xhonturks who insisted to impose their candidates.
These armed conflicts started because of the elections and
the preparations made secret committees in this parts very
soon become into general revolts with a national character,
starting from Assembly of Juniku to Vlora with their main
aim the request for autonomy.
As quickly as the revolt spread with national character,
as more there were efforts from neighbor countries to
finalize their agreements in scope of Balkan Alliance. The
events on Albanians of pollog and generally were one of the
factors that have influenced on earlier ending of this
Alliance. The establishing of autonomy for Albanians was a
reality, that was evident on European press of that time and
different Balkan centers of power therefore they sow in
this autonomy the risk for realization of their occupation
plans. Beside these plans and secret convents the Serbian
diplomacy took different measures to disorientate Albanian
forces especially them whose national conscience was not
enough developed. Some of those leaders and chieftains
who have had previous relations with Serbia during the
highest impetuosity of revolt in
1912,
the Serbian
diplomacy called them gave arms on condition to fight
against Austro-Hungary, in fact through these people
Serbia influenced into Albanian assembles not to make any
decision that was not on Serbian interest. In this way they
336
Doc. dr.
Zeqirja Idrizi
influenced against the realization of the autonomy for
Albanians. This policy of Serbia was interrupted by
Mehmet
Pasha
Deralla
and his authority in Pollog and Hasan
Prishtina and his influence therefore they were shadowed
from Serbian authorities. On the other side, the Turkish
government through some Albanian feudalist who had
privileged positions in society and Muslim clerics did
everything to remove from their requests for autonomy.
Under the pressure of these forces Albanian patriots in
negotiations with governmental commission in Prishtina
made a compromise by giving up from some of their
immediate requests in particular from those of Juniku
Assemble. As a result of these interior confrontations
between Albanians we had well-known requests; the
14
main points of Hasan Prishtina where the issue of Albanian
autonomy was not clearly defined but still may be
concluded that they also gave possibilities for the sooner
realization of the Albanian autonomy which had the
support of
Mehmet
Pasha
Deralla
from Pollogu too.
Declaration of Turkish government and its proposals
given to the State Commission in Shkupi on admission of
12
from
14
points (requests), except disarming and trailing
Haki
and
Seit
Pasha. These events influenced on great
powers especially to Russia which was the initiator for
establishing the Balkan Alliance. Russia forced High Port to
recognize same privileges for other non-turks as they did
for Albanians. That was not a sincere request because those
countries were not interested for other peoples position but
they were looking for a reason to start a war against the
Treva
e
Pollogut
në Lëvizjen Kombëtare Shqiptare
1899 -1913 337
Ottoman Empire,
to interrupt the realization of Albanian
autonomy which was shown in the horizon.
The Valley of Pollog became a wittiness and active
participant of the triumphal entrance of rebellion forces in
Shkup, liberation of all strategic centers of these regions
that linked Istanbul with
Kosova
and all Albanian tribes and
at the same time the witness of the
un
expected ending that
did not respond to the glory and the victories achieved by
the revolt of
1912,
to the withdraw of the warriors from
liberated Shkupi and their dispersion. There were many
internal circumstances but especially external ones like
coming Balkan Wars that dictated such unexpected result
for the revolt of
1912.
In these position the beginning of the First Balkan
War found the pollog Valley and all other Albanian
territories .The territory of these region was a object of
aggression from Serbian army. It was attacked from first
and third Serbian army and the population of these regions
was faced alone with these aggressors without any help
from abroad but they fought with a great heroism and
resisted to the end against these occupant armies. It wiU
remain forever the memories of the wars made by Albanian
voluntary forces lead by
Mehmet
Pasha
Deralla
and many
other patriots in Pollog especially the battle for city of
Tetova
and Gostivar. Thousands of Albanians were
martyred unequal wars with Serbian aggressors, thousands
of others were massacred during and after the war. As a
consequence of this tragically ending Albanians being under
the heel of Balkan occupational forces and under the dictate
of the Great Powers undergone the biggest loses in their
338
Doc.
dr. Zeąirja
Idrìzi
history. Entire territories including the Valley of Pollog
were under Serbian and Montenegrin occupation.
Albanian independent country that was made as a
creation of whole Albanian nation no matter that it was an
event on the highest importance for the future of Albanian
nation, did not arrive to solve the duty of national unity for
all territories inhabited by Albanians. The parceling of
Albanian territories decided in the Conference of London
during
1912-1913,
is still going on regardless the fact that
since then there are
93
years left and a lot of changes have
been made in the political charter of Balkans.
Përktheu nga shqipja në anglisht:
Mr. JusufMustafai
Treva
e
Pollogut
në
Lëvizjen Kombëtare
Shąiptare
1899 -1913 363
PËRMBAJTJA
PARATHËNIE
.............................................................5
KREÜ 1
.....................................................................13
TREVA
E
POŁŁOGUT
NË LËVIZJEN KOMBËTARE
1889-
1913........................................................................13
1.
Požita
gjeografìke.............................................................
13
2.
Rregullimi administrtiv
...................................................17
3.
Ngritja
ekonomike
në Pollog në shekullin
XIX
dhe në
ffllim të atij
XX
.....................................................................28
4.
Popullsia
...........................................................................35
5.
Sistemi i
çifligut në
Pollog
...............................................45
KREUII
....................................................................55
POLLOGU NË
VITET
1889-1908................................55
1.
Jehona e Lidhjes Shqiptare të Pejës në Pollog
...............55
2.
Aktiviteti
dhe rezistenca e shqiptarëve të Pollogut ndaj
reformave
osmane
.............·..................................................75
KREUIII...................................................................
89
RRITJA E LËVIZJES KOMBËTARE SHQIPTARE NË
POLLOG
DERI
NË SHPALLJEN E PAVARËSISË, MË
1908-
1912........................................................................89
364
Doc.
dr. Zeąirja Idrizi
1.
Kontributi
і
shqiptarëve të Pollogut në Revolucionin
Xhonturk
..............................................................................89
2.
Pjesëmarrja
e
Pollogasve në Kuvendin
e
Ferizajt...........
93
KREÜIV
..................................................................107
LËVIZJA POLITIKE-KULTURORE
NË TREVËN
E
POLLOGÜT NË
VITET
1908-1912.............................107
1.
Klubét shqiptare dhe
përpjekjet për përhapjen
e
mësimit
dhe
të shkollave shqipe
......................................................107
2.
Lufta
e shqiptarëve të Pollogut për mbrojtjen e alfabetit
kombëtar
............................................................................119
3.
Pollogasë dhe
Kongresi i Manastirit
.............................126
4.
Pollogasët dhe
Kongresi
і
Dibrës
...................................134
5.
Pollogasët dhe
Kongresi i Elbasanit
.............................139
6.
Pollogu në zgjedhjet
Parlamentare
(1908)...................147
KREUV
...................................................................153
REZISTENCA E SHQIPTARËVE TË POLLOGUT KUNDËR
REAKSIONIT XHONTURK
........................................153
I.
Lëvizja
çlirimtare
shqiptare në Pollog
1909-1911........153
1.
Fillimi
i kryengritjes
së armatosur
................................153
2.
Ekspedita ndëshkimore e Xhavit Pashës
......................162
3.
Shtrirja e kryengritjes në trevën e Pollogut
..................170
KREUVI
..................................................................195
Treva
e Poïlogut në Lëvizjen Kombëtare Shqiptare
1899 -1913 365
SHQIPTARËT E TREVËS SË POLLOGÜT GJATË
KRYENGRITJES SË VITIT
1912................................195
1.
Pollogasët në përgatitjen e kryengritjes së përgjithshme
të vitit
1912
dhe Kuvendi
і
Junikut
(21-25
maj
1912).... 195
2.
Revolta
antiqeveritare në ushtri dhe
Tajar
bej
Tetova.
209
3.
Shtrirja
e kryengritjes
së armatosur në trevën e
Poliogut
në vitin
1912......................................................................227
4. Negociatat
midis kryengritësve dhe Qeverisë së
Ahmet
Myftar Pashës
-
përfundimi
і
kryengritjes
........................238
5.
Qëndrimi
і
Shteteve Ballkanike dhe
і
Fuqive të Mëdha
ndaj kërkesave të shqiptarëve
...........................................253
6.
Depërtimi
і
ushtrisë
serbe
në Pollog dhe qëndresa e
shqiptarëve
.........................................................................256
7.
Qeveria e Përkohshme në mbrojtje të viseve të pushtuara
dhe pengimi
i saj
nga Esat Pasha
.......................................265
KREÜVIL.
...............................................................281
ROLI
I
MEHMET
PASHË DERRALLËS NË LËVIZJEN
KOMBËTARE SHQIPTARE DHE NË SHPALLJEN E
PAVARËSISË
...........................................................281
1.
Nga
Tetova
gjer në Vlore
...............................................281
2.
Zgjedhja e
Mehmet
Pashë Derallës Minister
i Mbrojtjes
Kombëtare-Ministër
і
Ushtrisë
.........................................296
3. Mehmet
Pashë
Deralla
në luftë për bashkimin e tokave
shqiptare
.............................................................................306
366
Doc. dr.
Zeqirja Idrizi
PËRFUNDIMI
..........................................................317
THE VALLEY OF POLLOG IN ALBANIAN
NATIONAL
MOVEMENT
1899-1913...........................................329
SUMMARY
...............................................................329
DISA
TË DHËNA
PER
FAMILJEN
DERALLA
................339
BURIMET
ARKIVORE
DHE
LITERATURA.............
......349
LITERATURA
...........................................................353
|
| adam_txt |
Treva
e
Pollogut
në Levizjen Kombëtare
Shąiptare
1899 -1913 329
THE VALLEY OF POLLO6 IN ALBANIAN NATIONAL
MOVEMENT
1899-1913
SUMMARY
The Valley of Pollog with its geographic characteristics,
climate and natural sources was very attractive for different
occupations since the antiquity up to the period of this
analyze and later, bringing its population into deplorable
political and economic position.
For the period of time as a topic of analyze, this valley
was exposed to a wild despotic regime of ottoman
occupations. As a result of this the physiognomy of
territorial and administrative regulation undergoes several
changes including political and social events that happened
here as well in
Kosova
and wider. Precisely these
circumstances dictate that
Tetova
to become centre of
Pashallek and later
Kaza
centre in Sandjak of Prizren.
As a result of above mentioned this valley during that
period of time had a heterogenic national composition and
rise of the population beside the high level of mortality.
While on national structure the Albanian population was
increasing on the number of total population its social
position was on a total distress.
The period from
XVIII
century to the reform of
Tanzimati
(1839)
characterized with aggravated relations
among social strata of this valley which were characteristic
also for other places of the
Vilajet
of
Kosova
and wider.
330
Doc.
dr. Zeąirja
Idrìzi
In one side these relations between the feudal classes
were in fierce struggle for power, the
Deralla
family became
to overrule upon others by supporting the High Port and its
reforms undertaken at the end of
XVIII
and at the
beginning of
XIX
century. On the other side the antagonism
among the different social classes become deeper especially
among country people who expressed their revolt against
the exploitation which become to a strong armed resistance
against these actions and reforms taken by High Port.
Since the beginning of 30-ies of
XIX
century in Pollog
too were appeared the first forms of capitalistic produce. Its
elements were dispersed in its suburb too. Penetration of
new relations in these areas interlace with old feudal norms
as a result of backward base of produce.
Later the new relations were developed quickly but on
their way appeared some obstacles as a result of old feudal
laws in power and the strong concurrence of imported
products which entered into the Ottoman Empire without
any taxes while to export of domestic products made by an
old technology appeared serious problems like high duty
taxes especially from the 60-ies of
XIX
century were the
main reasons that the
economy especially the handcraft of Pollog of that time
took its permanent downward to the end of the period of
this discussion.
The appearance and penetration of new relations at the
same time noted the process of destruction of the
handcrafts, this medieval institution and to the military
ottoman feudalism in general which was risked since the
Treva
e
Pollogut
në Lëvizjen Kombëtare Shqiptare
1899 -1913 331
beginning of the
period
of appearing of the first forms of
capitalistic produce.
Valley of Pollog as well as the other parts of
Kosova
was an active participant into all events of Albanian
National Movements of the last period of National
Renaissance. At the end of the
XIX
and at the beginning of
the XX century Albanian national movement was increased.
A large number of secret committees were established and
many Albanian associations and committees were active
abroad. All of them contributed to arouse national
consciousness among Albanians also the governmental
policy contributed the gap between the government and the
population to become deeper. While the Ottoman Empire
was loading the villagers of pollog with new obligations and
taxes every year and made their live more difficult, other
Balkan countries being aware of the weakness of Ottoman
Empire were planning the parceling out its European parts.
European imperialist countries were divided into two
antagonist blocks they had their interests in Balkan
Peninsula that fore they tried to keep the balance of their
antagonist powers and insisted on keeping status quos.
Willingly or not these events encouraged Albanians of
pollog to think for their future. The agreement in
Reval
between England and Russia in
1908
has as a topic of
discussion also the issue of the European part of Ottoman
Empire. The Serbian government tried to use its influence
that the reforms to include obligatory the
vilajet
of
kosova
too, with intention to rise its influence and propaganda.
The capitulation policy of High Port by Austro-Hungary and
giving the concession for building the railway Uvac-
332
Doc. dr.
Zeąirja
Idrìzi
Mitrovice troubled strong Albanians of
kosova
and them of
pollog who during the summer of
1908
gathered in Ferizaj
to decide for themselves and for their nation.
Under these political circumstances to Albanians of
pollog appeared the movement of 'new
turks' xhonturqit,
to
ask their help and support against the absolute regime of
Sultan
Hamid
IL
There were many of their promises for
self-government and the democratization of public live. The
triumph of the Xhonturk revolution which was supported
without reserve by Albanians, made possibilities for their
cultural and educational progress. Many schools and
Albanian dubs were opened, many newspapers and
magazines were published and as its crown was The
Congress of
Manastiri
and that of Elbasani.
Impetuosity of developing of culture and national
consciousness to Albanians and the pollog inhabitants
frightened that much the xhonturks that during the
1909
started to practice their reactionary, assimilatory
chauvinistic and pan-islamic policy in all spheres of every
day's life. They organized the Congress of Dibra which aim
was to bury the Albanian culture. They established
Ottoman' clubs which aim was' to paralyze the activity of
Albanian clubs and schools they brought laws that forbade
the activities of Albanian schools and clubs, newspapers,
magazines and books. Under the pretext of following the
reactionary forces, they sent the punishing expedition lead
by Xhavit Pasha, who was famous for his crimes and
massacres made upon the Albanian population of the
Treva
e
Pollogut
në Lëvizjen Kombëtare Shqiptare
1899 -1913 333
Vilajet
of
Kosova.
All these events testify for anti-Albanian
policy made by Xhonturks and the conditions on which the
Albanian movement should act. While we had a conflict
between Albanians and xhonturks in one side, on the other
side there was the intern conflict among Albanians. A part
of beylers and Muslim clerics supported the xhonturks
while the peasants who from these changes expected their
life conditions to improve, they felt being used and started
to express their revolt against new regime. The national
middle-classes from which were recruited the most eminent
Albanian patriots continue the struggle for the affirmation
of the national culture and for the realization of the
national autonomy.
Albanian clubs were also active on supporting the idea
of autonomy, activity this that disturbed Turkish
government as well as neighbor countries government too,
because the Pollog and
Kosova
Valley was powder power
and always ready to rise with arms on hands against the
Turkish regime. The intellectuals of these tribes such as
Mehmet
Pasha
Deralla,
Tajar
bej
Tetova
(Deralla),
She
Mustafę
Tetova,
Josif
Bageri,
Abdulhaqim Dogani,
Atañas
Arnaudovi-Albanski etc, were fighting for protection of the
rights of Albanians. These intellectuals developed a wide
activity in pollog and other places by strengthen the idea of
autonomy.
Being aware for this they tried peoples revolt against
the Turkish regime to use and to set in a struggle for
national liberation. The revolt of the year
1910,
which had a
social character at the beginning and started with the
334
Doc. dr.
Zeqirja Idrizi
resistance of the villagers against the feudal uses and new
taxes become into a liberation war which remained with
local character because its weak organization and later
including Shkodra and
Malësia.
It is important to mention that the Albanian
efforts for liberation from foreign occupations were not
supported by anyone from abroad. The neighbor countries
tried to use for their interests this revolt.
During the expedition of Turgut Pasha on summer
1910
some of the leaders of the revolt asked for help from
Serbian government which categorically refused these
requests but later they accommodate some chieftain with
main aim to misuse them on the national movement.
During
1911
Albanian armed groups troubled Turkish
occupations, they attacked military garrisons and other
military objects while Turkish government declared that
the revolt was ended. This issue was interested to some
European countries that had some interests joined with
Turkish Empire. These countries often intervened these
revolts to end because they were interested to keep the
status quo. With the intention to convince the European
opinion that in
Kosova
and Pollog doesn't exist any kinds of
revolt and Albanian problem, Sultan
Mehmet Reshati
IV
personally came to visit
Kosova
with a lot of presents for
Albanian chieftains and feudal from
Kosova
but all this
journey remained without any success and Sultan himself
was embarrassed and went back from Prishtina for a short
period of time. This was a good example that can not
misuse Albanians for a small amount of money or some
presents but they are convinced to fight for their freedom.
Treva
e Polïogut nëLëvizjen Kombëtare Shqiptare
1899 -1913 335
This was verified during the first months of
1912
during
the parliamentarian election when Albanians from Pollog
and others desperately asked to bee represented by their
best representatives into the Turkish parliament. Because
of this there were armed conflicts between the population
and xhonturks who insisted to impose their candidates.
These armed conflicts started because of the elections and
the preparations made secret committees in this parts very
soon become into general revolts with a national character,
starting from Assembly of Juniku to Vlora with their main
aim the request for autonomy.
As quickly as the revolt spread with national character,
as more there were efforts from neighbor countries to
finalize their agreements in scope of Balkan Alliance. The
events on Albanians of pollog and generally were one of the
factors that have influenced on earlier ending of this
Alliance. The establishing of autonomy for Albanians was a
reality, that was evident on European press of that time and
different Balkan centers of power therefore they sow in
this autonomy the risk for realization of their occupation
plans. Beside these plans and secret convents the Serbian
diplomacy took different measures to disorientate Albanian
forces especially them whose national conscience was not
enough developed. Some of those leaders and chieftains
who have had previous relations with Serbia during the
highest impetuosity of revolt in
1912,
the Serbian
diplomacy called them gave arms on condition to fight
against Austro-Hungary, in fact through these people
Serbia influenced into Albanian assembles not to make any
decision that was not on Serbian interest. In this way they
336
Doc. dr.
Zeqirja Idrizi
influenced against the realization of the autonomy for
Albanians. This policy of Serbia was interrupted by
Mehmet
Pasha
Deralla
and his authority in Pollog and Hasan
Prishtina and his influence therefore they were shadowed
from Serbian authorities. On the other side, the Turkish
government through some Albanian feudalist who had
privileged positions in society and Muslim clerics did
everything to remove from their requests for autonomy.
Under the pressure of these forces Albanian patriots in
negotiations with governmental commission in Prishtina
made a compromise by giving up from some of their
immediate requests in particular from those of Juniku
Assemble. As a result of these interior confrontations
between Albanians we had well-known requests; the
14
main points of Hasan Prishtina where the issue of Albanian
autonomy was not clearly defined but still may be
concluded that they also gave possibilities for the sooner
realization of the Albanian autonomy which had the
support of
Mehmet
Pasha
Deralla
from Pollogu too.
Declaration of Turkish government and its proposals
given to the State Commission in Shkupi on admission of
12
from
14
points (requests), except disarming and trailing
Haki
and
Seit
Pasha. These events influenced on great
powers especially to Russia which was the initiator for
establishing the Balkan Alliance. Russia forced High Port to
recognize same privileges for other non-turks as they did
for Albanians. That was not a sincere request because those
countries were not interested for other peoples position but
they were looking for a reason to start a war against the
Treva
e
Pollogut
në Lëvizjen Kombëtare Shqiptare
1899 -1913 337
Ottoman Empire,
to interrupt the realization of Albanian
autonomy which was shown in the horizon.
The Valley of Pollog became a wittiness and active
participant of the triumphal entrance of rebellion forces in
Shkup, liberation of all strategic centers of these regions
that linked Istanbul with
Kosova
and all Albanian tribes and
at the same time the witness of the
un
expected ending that
did not respond to the glory and the victories achieved by
the revolt of
1912,
to the withdraw of the warriors from
liberated Shkupi and their dispersion. There were many
internal circumstances but especially external ones like
coming Balkan Wars that dictated such unexpected result
for the revolt of
1912.
In these position the beginning of the First Balkan
War found the pollog Valley and all other Albanian
territories .The territory of these region was a object of
aggression from Serbian army. It was attacked from first
and third Serbian army and the population of these regions
was faced alone with these aggressors without any help
from abroad but they fought with a great heroism and
resisted to the end against these occupant armies. It wiU
remain forever the memories of the wars made by Albanian
voluntary forces lead by
Mehmet
Pasha
Deralla
and many
other patriots in Pollog especially the battle for city of
Tetova
and Gostivar. Thousands of Albanians were
martyred unequal wars with Serbian aggressors, thousands
of others were massacred during and after the war. As a
consequence of this tragically ending Albanians being under
the heel of Balkan occupational forces and under the dictate
of the Great Powers undergone the biggest loses in their
338
Doc.
dr. Zeąirja
Idrìzi
history. Entire territories including the Valley of Pollog
were under Serbian and Montenegrin occupation.
Albanian independent country that was made as a
creation of whole Albanian nation no matter that it was an
event on the highest importance for the future of Albanian
nation, did not arrive to solve the duty of national unity for
all territories inhabited by Albanians. The parceling of
Albanian territories decided in the Conference of London
during
1912-1913,
is still going on regardless the fact that
since then there are
93
years left and a lot of changes have
been made in the political charter of Balkans.
Përktheu nga shqipja në anglisht:
Mr. JusufMustafai
Treva
e
Pollogut
në
Lëvizjen Kombëtare
Shąiptare
1899 -1913 363
PËRMBAJTJA
PARATHËNIE
.5
KREÜ 1
.13
TREVA
E
POŁŁOGUT
NË LËVIZJEN KOMBËTARE
1889-
1913.13
1.
Požita
gjeografìke.
13
2.
Rregullimi administrtiv
.17
3.
Ngritja
ekonomike
në Pollog në shekullin
XIX
dhe në
ffllim të atij
XX
.28
4.
Popullsia
.35
5.
Sistemi i
çifligut në
Pollog
.45
KREUII
.55
POLLOGU NË
VITET
1889-1908.55
1.
Jehona e Lidhjes Shqiptare të Pejës në Pollog
.55
2.
Aktiviteti
dhe rezistenca e shqiptarëve të Pollogut ndaj
reformave
osmane
.·.75
KREUIII.
89
RRITJA E LËVIZJES KOMBËTARE SHQIPTARE NË
POLLOG
DERI
NË SHPALLJEN E PAVARËSISË, MË
1908-
1912.89
364
Doc.
dr. Zeąirja Idrizi
1.
Kontributi
і
shqiptarëve të Pollogut në Revolucionin
Xhonturk
.89
2.
Pjesëmarrja
e
Pollogasve në Kuvendin
e
Ferizajt.
93
KREÜIV
.107
LËVIZJA POLITIKE-KULTURORE
NË TREVËN
E
POLLOGÜT NË
VITET
1908-1912.107
1.
Klubét shqiptare dhe
përpjekjet për përhapjen
e
mësimit
dhe
të shkollave shqipe
.107
2.
Lufta
e shqiptarëve të Pollogut për mbrojtjen e alfabetit
kombëtar
.119
3.
Pollogasë dhe
Kongresi i Manastirit
.126
4.
Pollogasët dhe
Kongresi
і
Dibrës
.134
5.
Pollogasët dhe
Kongresi i Elbasanit
.139
6.
Pollogu në zgjedhjet
Parlamentare
(1908).147
KREUV
.153
REZISTENCA E SHQIPTARËVE TË POLLOGUT KUNDËR
REAKSIONIT XHONTURK
.153
I.
Lëvizja
çlirimtare
shqiptare në Pollog
1909-1911.153
1.
Fillimi
i kryengritjes
së armatosur
.153
2.
Ekspedita ndëshkimore e Xhavit Pashës
.162
3.
Shtrirja e kryengritjes në trevën e Pollogut
.170
KREUVI
.195
Treva
e Poïlogut në Lëvizjen Kombëtare Shqiptare
1899 -1913 365
SHQIPTARËT E TREVËS SË POLLOGÜT GJATË
KRYENGRITJES SË VITIT
1912.195
1.
Pollogasët në përgatitjen e kryengritjes së përgjithshme
të vitit
1912
dhe Kuvendi
і
Junikut
(21-25
maj
1912). 195
2.
Revolta
antiqeveritare në ushtri dhe
Tajar
bej
Tetova.
209
3.
Shtrirja
e kryengritjes
së armatosur në trevën e
Poliogut
në vitin
1912.227
4. Negociatat
midis kryengritësve dhe Qeverisë së
Ahmet
Myftar Pashës
-
përfundimi
і
kryengritjes
.238
5.
Qëndrimi
і
Shteteve Ballkanike dhe
і
Fuqive të Mëdha
ndaj kërkesave të shqiptarëve
.253
6.
Depërtimi
і
ushtrisë
serbe
në Pollog dhe qëndresa e
shqiptarëve
.256
7.
Qeveria e Përkohshme në mbrojtje të viseve të pushtuara
dhe pengimi
i saj
nga Esat Pasha
.265
KREÜVIL.
.281
ROLI
I
MEHMET
PASHË DERRALLËS NË LËVIZJEN
KOMBËTARE SHQIPTARE DHE NË SHPALLJEN E
PAVARËSISË
.281
1.
Nga
Tetova
gjer në Vlore
.281
2.
Zgjedhja e
Mehmet
Pashë Derallës Minister
i Mbrojtjes
Kombëtare-Ministër
і
Ushtrisë
.296
3. Mehmet
Pashë
Deralla
në luftë për bashkimin e tokave
shqiptare
.306
366
Doc. dr.
Zeqirja Idrizi
PËRFUNDIMI
.317
THE VALLEY OF POLLOG IN ALBANIAN
NATIONAL
MOVEMENT
1899-1913.329
SUMMARY
.329
DISA
TË DHËNA
PER
FAMILJEN
DERALLA
.339
BURIMET
ARKIVORE
DHE
LITERATURA.
.349
LITERATURA
.353 |
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| author | Idrizi, Zeqirja 1959- |
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| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)311143994 (DE-599)BVBBV023052015 |
| era | Geschichte 1900-2000 Geschichte 1899-1913 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1900-2000 Geschichte 1899-1913 |
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| geographic | Albania History 1878-1912 Macedonia History 1878-1912 Polog Valley (Macedonia) History 20th century Polog Makedonien (DE-588)7677214-7 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Albania History 1878-1912 Macedonia History 1878-1912 Polog Valley (Macedonia) History 20th century Polog Makedonien |
| id | DE-604.BV023052015 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T19:24:57Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T21:09:52Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9789989268700 |
| language | Albanian |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016255376 |
| oclc_num | 311143994 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 |
| physical | 366 S. Ill. |
| publishDate | 2007 |
| publishDateSearch | 2007 |
| publishDateSort | 2007 |
| publisher | Shtëpia Botuese "Tringa Design" |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Idrizi, Zeqirja 1959- Verfasser (DE-588)13972995X aut Treva e Pollogut në lëvizjen kombëtare shqiptare 1899 - 1913 Zeqirja Idrizi Tetovë Shtëpia Botuese "Tringa Design" 2007 366 S. Ill. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Zsfassung in engl. Sprache u.d.T: The valley of Pollog in Albanian national movement 1899 - 1913 Geschichte 1900-2000 Geschichte 1899-1913 gnd rswk-swf Geschichte Nationalismus Nationalism Albania History 20th century Albaner (DE-588)4068517-2 gnd rswk-swf Albania History 1878-1912 Macedonia History 1878-1912 Polog Valley (Macedonia) History 20th century Polog Makedonien (DE-588)7677214-7 gnd rswk-swf Polog Makedonien (DE-588)7677214-7 g Albaner (DE-588)4068517-2 s Geschichte 1899-1913 z DE-604 Digitalisierung BSBMuenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016255376&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016255376&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract |
| spellingShingle | Idrizi, Zeqirja 1959- Treva e Pollogut në lëvizjen kombëtare shqiptare 1899 - 1913 Geschichte Nationalismus Nationalism Albania History 20th century Albaner (DE-588)4068517-2 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4068517-2 (DE-588)7677214-7 |
| title | Treva e Pollogut në lëvizjen kombëtare shqiptare 1899 - 1913 |
| title_auth | Treva e Pollogut në lëvizjen kombëtare shqiptare 1899 - 1913 |
| title_exact_search | Treva e Pollogut në lëvizjen kombëtare shqiptare 1899 - 1913 |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Treva e Pollogut në lëvizjen kombëtare shqiptare 1899 - 1913 |
| title_full | Treva e Pollogut në lëvizjen kombëtare shqiptare 1899 - 1913 Zeqirja Idrizi |
| title_fullStr | Treva e Pollogut në lëvizjen kombëtare shqiptare 1899 - 1913 Zeqirja Idrizi |
| title_full_unstemmed | Treva e Pollogut në lëvizjen kombëtare shqiptare 1899 - 1913 Zeqirja Idrizi |
| title_short | Treva e Pollogut në lëvizjen kombëtare shqiptare |
| title_sort | treva e pollogut ne levizjen kombetare shqiptare 1899 1913 |
| title_sub | 1899 - 1913 |
| topic | Geschichte Nationalismus Nationalism Albania History 20th century Albaner (DE-588)4068517-2 gnd |
| topic_facet | Geschichte Nationalismus Nationalism Albania History 20th century Albaner Albania History 1878-1912 Macedonia History 1878-1912 Polog Valley (Macedonia) History 20th century Polog Makedonien |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016255376&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016255376&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT idrizizeqirja trevaepollogutnelevizjenkombetareshqiptare18991913 |