Korespondencja Tadeusza Kowalskiego z Janem Rypką i Bedřichem Hroznym:
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | Polish Czech German |
| Published: |
Kraków
Polska Akad. Umiejętności, Archiwum Nauki PAN i PAU [u.a.]
2007
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Abstract |
| Item Description: | PST: Korespondence Tadeusze Kowalského s Janem Rypkou a Bedřichem Hrozným. - Text teilw. poln., teilw. tschech., teilw. dt. |
| Physical Description: | 309 S. Ill. |
| ISBN: | 9788360183519 |
Staff View
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Korespondencja Tadeusza Kowalskiego z Janem Rypką i Bedřichem Hroznym |c oprac.: Ewa Dziurzyńska ... |
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| 600 | 1 | 7 | |a Rypka, Jan |d 1886-1968 |0 (DE-588)116712686 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
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| 600 | 1 | 7 | |a Hrozný, Bedřich |d 1879-1952 |0 (DE-588)118775162 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
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| 689 | 0 | 1 | |a Rypka, Jan |d 1886-1968 |0 (DE-588)116712686 |D p |
| 689 | 0 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 689 | 1 | 0 | |a Kowalski, Tadeusz |d 1889-1948 |0 (DE-588)122076370 |D p |
| 689 | 1 | 1 | |a Hrozný, Bedřich |d 1879-1952 |0 (DE-588)118775162 |D p |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Rypka, Jan |d 1886-1968 |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)116712686 |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Hrozný, Bedřich |d 1879-1952 |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)118775162 |4 aut | |
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Record in the Search Index
| _version_ | 1804137192501542912 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Spis ilustracji
1.
Karta
pocztowa
Jana Rypki
do Tadeusza Kowalskiego
Z5IV1917
......... 65
2.
Zofia Kowalska z dziećmi Anną i Kazimierzem w Parku
Jordana
w Krakowie,
4
II
1926...................................................... 71
3.
Brulion opinii Tadeusza Kowalskiego o działalności naukowej Jana Rypki,
marzec
1927................................................... 76
4.
Polska
výzkumná cesta do Malé Asie za vedeni
prof. L.Sawického,
„Národní
listy z
13 XII 1927.............................................. 79
5.
List
Tadeusza Kowalskiego
do
Jana Rypki
z
19
V
1928 ................... 88
6.
Zawody atletyczne w Razgradzie
(fot.
T.
Kowalski podczas podróży po północ-
no-wschodniej Bułgarii
7-30
IX
1929).............................. 102
7.
Tadeusz Kowalski z żoną i dziećmi,
7
VI
1930......................... 116
8.
Tadeusz Kowalski z synem na wakacjach w Kościelisku,
19 VIII 1930...... 119
9.
JanRypka,
Dalšípříspěvek ke
korespondenci
Vysoké
Porty
s
Bohdanem Chmiel-
nickým........................................................
131
10.
Karykatura Jana Rypki (rys. Nemes-Halasy Jeno),
Čuntava
(Słowacja)
1931.. 142
11.
Uczestnicy
XVIII
Międzynarodowego Kongresu Orientalistów w Lejdzie
(7-12
IX
1931)................................................. 145
12.
Jan Rypka (w środku) podczas pobytu w Iranie (prawdopodobnie w Szemira-
nie),
1934-1935 ................................................ 157
13.
Uczestnicy
XIX
Międzynarodowego Kongresu Orientalistów w Rzymie
(23-29
IX
1935).
Czwarty od lewej siedzi
Bedřich Hrozný,
dwunasty od pra¬
wej stoi Tadeusz Kowalski
........................................ 159
14.
Ferie zimowe w Kościelisku. Od lewej: Tadeusz, Kazimierz i Zofia Kowalscy,
pierwsza z prawej Anna Kowalska, grudzień
1935..................... 163
15.
Tadeusz Kowalski (trzeci od lewej) podczas podróży po południowej Anatolu
(1
VIII-13
IX
1936)............................................. 167
16.
Tadeusz Kowalski, ok.
1936....................................... 169
17.
Dekret współpracownika Komisji Orientalistycznej
PAU
dla Jana Rypki,
21
VI
1938 ..................................................... 178
18.
Dom Marii i Jana Rypków w
Podmračí,
1938......................... 180
19.
Tadeusz Kowalski z synem na wycieczce w Tatrach, wiosna
1939......... 182
20.
Tadeusz Kowalski z żoną w ogrodzie przy swej wilii w Krakowie,
1940 .... 185
- 301
21.
Jan Rypka
-
dziekan Uniwersytetu Karola w Pradze,
1939............... 188
22.
Jan Rypka podczas uroczystości z okazji
60.
rocznicy swych urodzin. W głębi
siedzi
Bedřich Hrozný,
1946....................................... 191
23.
Tadeusz Kowalski z żoną i córką, jesień
1946......................... 193
24.
Podziękowanie Jana Rypki za życzenia przesłane przez Tadeusza Kowalskiego
z okazji
60.
rocznicy urodzin, czerwiec
1946............................ 196
25.
Transport wydawnictw
PAU
z Biblioteki Jagiellońskiej. Czwarty od lewej stoi
Tadeusz Kowalski,
1946............................................ 198
26.
Tadeusz Kowalski podczas choroby,
26
III
1948 .......................... 201
27.
Uczestnicy I Międzynarodowego Kongresu Etraskologicznego we Florencji i Bo¬
lonii
(27
IV-3
V
1928).
Od lewej stoją: historyk
Vladimir Groh,
Božena
Cerna,
Božena Dobiášova-Černa, Bedřich Hrozný,
historyk
Josef Dobiáš, slawista Adolf
Černý
............................................................ 204
28.
Uczestnicy polskiej wyprawy naukowej do Azji Mniejszej
(13
VIII—
19
Χ
1927).
W pierwszym rzędzie od lewej: geograf Ludomir Sawicki, geolog Bohdan Świ-
derski, szofer Jan Sztejn
............................................ 206
29.
Uczestnicy wykopalisk w
Kültepe.
Od lewej siedzą: F. Grimmek, B.
Hrozný,
V.
Petras, 1925.................................................... 209
30.
Pismo Instytutu Orientalnego w Pradze do Tadeusza Kowalskiego z
28
XI
1929 .. 218
31.
Bedřich Hrozný,
lata trzydzieste
XX
w.
................................ 223
32.
Tadeusz Kowalski z córką, jesień
1932 ................................. 231
33.
Bedřich Hrozný
na brzegu Łaby w Uzdrowisku Podiebrady, lata trzydzieste
XX
w
............................................................ 233
34.
Tadeusz Kowalski z rodziną na wakacjach w Kościelisku, lato
1933 .......... 238
35.
Tadeusz Kowalski podczas ferii zimowych w Kościelisku, styczeń
1934...... 241
36.
Bedřich Hrozný
(po lewej) i Tadeusz Kowalski nad brzegiem morza w Stambule,
13
IX
1934....................................................... 243
37.
Karta pocztowa
Bedřicha
Hroznego do Tadeusza Kowalskiego z
3
IV
1936 .... 251
38.
Tadeusz Kowalski w okolicach Silifke podczas podróży po południowej Anatolu
(1
VIII-13
IX
1936)............................................... 255
39.
Bedřich Hrozný z
żoną
............................................. 261
40.
Uczestnicy
XX
Międzynarodowego Kongresu Orientalistów w Brukseli
(5-Ю
IX
1938).
Tadeusz Kowalski siedzi trzecim rzędzie czwarty od lewej,
Bedřich
Hrozný
w piątym rzędzie szósty od lewej
5
IX
1938...................... 265
41.
Bedřich Hrozný
-
rektor Uniwersytetu Karola w roku akademickim
1939/1940
(mai.
Václav Nedbal,
olej na płótnie)
.................................. 267
- 302 -
Ilustracje pochodzą ze zbiorów:
Anny Kowalskiej-Lewickiej i Kazimierza Kowalskiego
(2, 7, 8, 14, 19, 20, 23, 25, 26, 32,
34, 35)
Archiv
Akademie
věd České republiky
(5, 9, 10, 12, 16, 17, 21, 27)
Archiwum Nauki Polskiej Akademii Nauk i Polskiej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie
(1,3,4,6, 11, 13, 15,18,24,28,30,36-38,40)
Česká tisková kancelář
(39)
Ústav dějin a Archiv Univerzity Karlovy v Praze
(31,41)
oraz z publikacji:
Poutník Orientem, Praha
1946 (22);
V říši půlměsíce. Cesty a
vykopávky v
Turecku, Praha
1927 (29);
Lázně Poděbrady. Lázeňský zpravodaj
-
Seznam lázeňských hostí
IX
(1932),
nr27.
Summary
Ibis collection of correspondence between
Tadeusz Kowalski, Jan Rypka and
Bedřich
Hrozný
not only contributes to the history of the period in which the foundations were being
laid for Polish and Czech Oriental Studies, but equally it makes a contribution to the history
of Czech-Polish scholarly relations in the first half of the 20th century. All three scholars
belonged to a generation of Central European Slav Orientalists who for lack of opportunities
at home obtained their specialist education at the University of Vienna, which they then
supplemented at German universities. Their initial scholarly achievements came in the pe¬
riod prior to
1918,
but their professional careers centred primarily around the period between
the world wars. After the establishment of independent Polish and Czechoslovak states, they
soon became the outstanding figures in their fields, the development of which they fostered
not only in their scholarly works, but also with their tireless organizational activities.
The key figure in this work is the Krakow Turkologist and
Arabist
Tadeusz Kowalski,
who was in constant contact by mail with both his Czech colleagues. He was born on 21st
June
1889
in
Châteauroux
in France, but soon moved with his parents to Krakow, which at
that time was in the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Even during his years at St Anne s Grammar
School in Krakow he studied oriental languages. After passing his school-leaving examina¬
tion in
1907
he got into Oriental Studies at the University of Vienna, where his tutors inclu¬
ded D. H.
Müller,
M.
Bittner and R.
Geyer,
who later reviewed his
habilitation
thesis. In
Vienna he made the acquaintance of J. Rypka and probably that of B.
Hrozný
too. After his
doctorate in
1911
and his marriage to
Zofie
née
Medwecka
(1890-1976),
he was awarded
research fellowships at Kiel and
Strasburg
Universities.
In July
1914
he habilitated in the languages and philology of the Islamic East at the
Jagiellonian University
(Uniwersytet Jagielloński)
in Krakow. In
1919
he was appointed
associate professor and in May
1922
full professor. The broad range of his specialist interests
covered everything from ancient Arabic poetry through the great Iranian poets Omar Khay¬
yam and Firdawsi to Turkology and research into one of the smallest national minorities in
Poland at that time
-
the Karaims. Turkology had such great prominence in his research work
that he is most frequently referred to as a Turkologist. During the interwar period he went on
several research trips to Turkey and Turkish-speaking areas of Romania and Bulgaria, which
resulted in specialist studies and a number of popularizing publications. He played a promi¬
nent role in the organization of Polish scholarship and of Oriental Studies in particular. He
- 285 -
was a prominent member of the Polish Oriental Studies Association
(Polskie Towarzystwo
Orientalistyczne) and a member of the Arabic Language Academy in Damascus, the Ugro-
-Finnic Association in Helsinki, the Oriental Institute in Prague
(Orientální ústav),
the
Körö¬
si
Csoma Society in Budapest and the Czech Academy of Sciences and Arts
(Česká akademie
věd a umění).
He represented Polish Oriental Studies at a number of international conferen¬
ces. One special commitment was his membership of the Polish Academy of Arts and Scien¬
ces
(Polska
Akademia Umiejętności,
PAU),
where he was one of the first members of the
Oriental Studies Commission, on which he first acted as Secretary and subsequently as Chair¬
man. Several years later he was invited to work on the Anthropological, Ethnographic and
Geographical Commissions. In
1927
he became a corresponding member and in
1932
an
active member of the
PAU.
From
1936
to
1939
he was Secretary of the Philological Section.
In March
1939
he was elected as a Presidium General Assembly delegate and in June of that
year he was appointed General Secretary, a role which he continued to perform until his
death in
1948.
On 6th November
1939
he was imprisoned along with other Krakow profes¬
sors in what is known as
Sonderaktion Krakau.
Following his return from the
Sachsenhausen
concentration camp, he worked in the Jagiellonian Library
(Biblioteka Jagiellońska)
and
was involved in underground activities. After the war, most
PAU
organizational activities
fell on his shoulders as General Secretary. He fell seriously ill in November
1947
and died at
the age of just
59
in Krakow on 5th May
1948.
The second of these three Oriental Studies scholars, Jan Rypka, was born on 28th May
1886
in
Kroměříž,
Moravia. Oriental culture attracted him from an early age and he became
fully involved in Oriental Studies at the University of Vienna from
1905.
It was here that he
first met the new senior lecturer B.
Hrozný
and his later long-term friend T.
Kowalski.
In
1910
Rypka was made a Doctor of Philosophy in Islamic languages in Vienna. He found
employment at a Vienna book printers as a specialist adviser on Oriental texts, and during the
First World War he was its Director. In early
1918
he married Marie
Mühlmannová
(1895—
1981).
After the establishment of the Czechoslovak state, the Rypkas returned to Bohemia
and Jan Rypka accepted the position of Director of the Czech Graphic Union in Prague
(Česká grafická
unie).
In order to devote himself fully to Oriental Studies, he became a civil
servant at the Ministry of Education in Prague, and subsequently went for a year-long stay in
Istanbul. In
1924
he habilitated in Turkish and Modern Persian Philology at Charles Univer¬
sity
(Univerzita Karlova)
in Prague. During this period his research focused on the works of
Turkish poets (Sabit and
Baki)
and his work soon ranked him among the leading world
experts in Classical Turkish poetry. In
1927
he was appointed associate professor at Charles
University in Prague and in
1930
he was made a full professor. Rypka s most important
subjects also included his study of Turkish diplomatics, in which he made a number of im¬
portant sources available to historical research (particularly the correspondence of Ukrainian
hetmans with the High Porte). From the end of the
1920s,
however, his professional interests
focused increasingly on Iranian Studies. His main subjects were the works of prominent
medieval Persian poets
Niżami
and Firdawsi. Rypka s public and organizational activities
were also of importance. During the
1920s
he took an active role in the establishment of the
Oriental Institute, then he played an active part as editor in the preparations for its primary
periodical
-
„Oriental Studies Archive
(Archiv Orientální),
and he also worked as editor-in-
chief on the Oriental Institute Monograph series
(Monografie Orientálního ústavu).
In
1939
he was elected Dean of the Philosophical Faculty at Charles University and he was in this
- 286 -
position
when the Czech institutes of higher education were closed down by the German
occupiers. After the liberation, Dean Rypka was presented with the task of re-establishing
the faculty. His most important post-war scholarly achievements included the collectively
compiled History of Persian and Tajik Literature
{Dějiny perské
a tadžické
literatury). Ryp-
ka s scholarly achievements were appraised by a large number of research institutes and
universities (he was made a full member of the Czech Academy of Sciences and Arts and an
associate member of the Royal Bohemian Learned Society
(Královská česká společnost nauk),
the Iranian Academy of Sciences in Tehran, the Oriental Studies Commission of the Polish
Academy of Arts and Sciences in Krakow and other establishments. After the establishment
of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences
(Československá akademie věd)
in
1952,
he was
one of the first to be appointed as a member and academician. The highly productive life of
Jan Rypka came to a close at the ripe age of
82
on 29th December
1968.
Bedřich Hrozný
is one of the most famous Czech scholars ever, and it is thanks to him
that the general public in this country is well aware of the field in which he made his greatest
achievements
—
Hittitology. He was born on 6th May
1879
in
Lysá nad Labem
into the family
of an evangelical minister
-
hence his interest in the history of biblical nations and their
languages. He studied at grammar schools in Prague and
Kolín
and after his school-leaving
examination in
1897
he began to get involved in Oriental Studies at the University of Vienna.
His primary interest was Assyriology, which was only being offered in Vienna at that time by
D. H.
Müller.
After a research fellowship in Berlin and the publication of his first scholarly
works on Ancient Babylonian history,
Hrozný
found employment at the Vienna University
Library. In
1904
he took part in E. Sellin s expedition to Palestine and worked on cuneiform
tablets found there. In
1914,
after his marriage to
Vlasta Procházková
(1888-1959),
he took
over the preparations for the publication of the cuneiform archive of the
Hittite
kings from
his Berlin tutor H. Winckler. The results were astonishing
-
Hrozný
managed to decipher the
previously unknown
Hittite
language and his results were accepted and confirmed by Orien¬
talists worldwide. Soon after the war he was appointed professor of cuneiform research and
ancient oriental history at Charles University in Prague. From
1924
to
1925,
Hrozný
worked
on his legendary excavations in the Near East, which were crowned by his second great
success
-
the discovery of the archive of an ancient trading station with a thousand Cappado-
cian tablets. He spent the remaining interwar years in intensive research and pedagogical
activity, giving numerous lectures abroad and popularizing his research results in a number
of articles and publications. He was a member of the foremost research establishments both
at home and abroad, e.g. he was a full foreign member of the Polish Academy of Arts and
Sciences and a full member of the Royal Bohemian Learned Society and the Czech Academy
of Sciences and Arts. He was intensively involved in the creation of Czech Oriental Studies
and he was also one of those behind the establishment of the Oriental Institute in Prague,
while it is also to his credit that the journal published by the institute
-
Oriental Studies
Archive
-
quickly acquired an outstanding reputation under his editorship. However, he was
not successful in his other scholarly interests, e.g. in deciphering the languages and script
of the „hieroglyphic
Hittites
and the scripts of ancient Crete. During the difficult period at
the beginning of the occupation,
Hrozný
was elected Vice-Chancellor of Charles University
and he was in this position when the Czech institutes of higher education were closed down
on 17th November
1939.
Hrozný
withdrew into seclusion to work on his last great work,
a synthesis of the ancient history of the Near East. In
1944
he suffered a stroke, which practi-
- 287 -
cally
excluded him from public life after the wax. Hence he was unable to take part in the
great Oriental Studies Congress convened in Prague in
1949
to mark his 70th birthday. He
died on 12th December
1952,
a month after being made an academician at the newly esta¬
blished Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences.
This collection provides access to all the correspondence which has been found between
T.
Kowalski
and his Czech colleagues J. Rypka and B.
Hrozný.
The edited lists consist of
two chronologically arranged series
-
the first comprising correspondence between
Tadeusz
Kowalski
and Jan Rypka
1914-1948
and the second comprising correspondence between
Tadeusz Kowalski
and
Bedřich Hrozný
1928-1939.
The first series of correspondence comprises a total of
126
items
- 71
letters (plus post¬
cards and view-cards) from J. Rypka to T.
Kowalski
and
55
items addressed the other way.
The entire series centres around the interwar period and particularly illustrates their mutual
collaboration over specialist Oriental Studies subjects. The letters also include the corres¬
pondents observations on current Oriental Studies and the political situation of the era, they
reveal something of the lifestyles of the two scholars and they clearly illustrate their friendly
relationship stretching over many years.
The second series of correspondence includes
74
items, with
34
letters from T.
Kowalski
to B.
Hrozný
and
40
items from
Hrozný
to
Kowalski.
All of them are from the interwar
period. Their contents primarily concern the Oriental Studies Archive publication activities
of T.
Kowalski
and some other subjects (e.g.
Hrozný s
lecture at the Jagiellonian University
in Krakow in
1929,
Kowalski s lectures and stay in Czechoslovakia in
1937
and his partici¬
pation in Oriental Studies Congresses).
All the correspondence is edited in the original language (whether Polish, Czech or Ger¬
man), while the language of publication is Polish, which is used to formulate all the reference
aids. The original letters, postcards and view-cards are nowadays housed in three archives
and archive
fonds:
1.
the Science Archives of the Polish Academy of Sciences and Polish
Academy of Arts and Sciences in Krakow
(Archiwum Nauki Polskiej Akademii Nauki
i Polskiej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie,
for the personal papers of
T.
Kowalski:
let¬
ters of J. Rypka and
B. Hrozný);
2.
the Archive of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech
Republic in Prague
(Archiv Akademie věd ČR,
personal papers of J. Rypka: letters of
T.
Kowalski);
3.
the National Museum in Prague
-
in the Library of the
Náprstek
Museum of
Asian, African and American Cultures
(Národní
museum
v Praze
-
Knihovna Náprstkova
muzea asijských, afrických a amerických kultur,
personal papers of
В.
Hrozný:
letters of
T.
Kowalski).
This publication came about as part of a joint project: Scientific, Scholarly and Cultural
Relations between the Czech Lands and
Galicia
in the 19th and 20th Centuries implemented
by the Science Archives of the Polish Academy of Sciences and Polish Academy of Arts and
Sciences in Krakow and the Archive of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic in
Prague.
|
| adam_txt |
Spis ilustracji
1.
Karta
pocztowa
Jana Rypki
do Tadeusza Kowalskiego
Z5IV1917
. 65
2.
Zofia Kowalska z dziećmi Anną i Kazimierzem w Parku
Jordana
w Krakowie,
4
II
1926. 71
3.
Brulion opinii Tadeusza Kowalskiego o działalności naukowej Jana Rypki,
marzec
1927. 76
4.
Polska
výzkumná cesta do Malé Asie za vedeni
prof. L.Sawického,
„Národní
listy" z
13 XII 1927. 79
5.
List
Tadeusza Kowalskiego
do
Jana Rypki
z
19
V
1928 . 88
6.
Zawody atletyczne w Razgradzie
(fot.
T.
Kowalski podczas podróży po północ-
no-wschodniej Bułgarii
7-30
IX
1929). 102
7.
Tadeusz Kowalski z żoną i dziećmi,
7
VI
1930. 116
8.
Tadeusz Kowalski z synem na wakacjach w Kościelisku,
19 VIII 1930. 119
9.
JanRypka,
Dalšípříspěvek ke
korespondenci
Vysoké
Porty
s
Bohdanem Chmiel-
nickým.
131
10.
Karykatura Jana Rypki (rys. Nemes-Halasy Jeno),
Čuntava
(Słowacja)
1931. 142
11.
Uczestnicy
XVIII
Międzynarodowego Kongresu Orientalistów w Lejdzie
(7-12
IX
1931). 145
12.
Jan Rypka (w środku) podczas pobytu w Iranie (prawdopodobnie w Szemira-
nie),
1934-1935 . 157
13.
Uczestnicy
XIX
Międzynarodowego Kongresu Orientalistów w Rzymie
(23-29
IX
1935).
Czwarty od lewej siedzi
Bedřich Hrozný,
dwunasty od pra¬
wej stoi Tadeusz Kowalski
. 159
14.
Ferie zimowe w Kościelisku. Od lewej: Tadeusz, Kazimierz i Zofia Kowalscy,
pierwsza z prawej Anna Kowalska, grudzień
1935. 163
15.
Tadeusz Kowalski (trzeci od lewej) podczas podróży po południowej Anatolu
(1
VIII-13
IX
1936). 167
16.
Tadeusz Kowalski, ok.
1936. 169
17.
Dekret współpracownika Komisji Orientalistycznej
PAU
dla Jana Rypki,
21
VI
1938 . 178
18.
Dom Marii i Jana Rypków w
Podmračí,
1938. 180
19.
Tadeusz Kowalski z synem na wycieczce w Tatrach, wiosna
1939. 182
20.
Tadeusz Kowalski z żoną w ogrodzie przy swej wilii w Krakowie,
1940 . 185
- 301
21.
Jan Rypka
-
dziekan Uniwersytetu Karola w Pradze,
1939. 188
22.
Jan Rypka podczas uroczystości z okazji
60.
rocznicy swych urodzin. W głębi
siedzi
Bedřich Hrozný,
1946. 191
23.
Tadeusz Kowalski z żoną i córką, jesień
1946. 193
24.
Podziękowanie Jana Rypki za życzenia przesłane przez Tadeusza Kowalskiego
z okazji
60.
rocznicy urodzin, czerwiec
1946. 196
25.
Transport wydawnictw
PAU
z Biblioteki Jagiellońskiej. Czwarty od lewej stoi
Tadeusz Kowalski,
1946. 198
26.
Tadeusz Kowalski podczas choroby,
26
III
1948 . 201
27.
Uczestnicy I Międzynarodowego Kongresu Etraskologicznego we Florencji i Bo¬
lonii
(27
IV-3
V
1928).
Od lewej stoją: historyk
Vladimir Groh,
Božena
Cerna,
Božena Dobiášova-Černa, Bedřich Hrozný,
historyk
Josef Dobiáš, slawista Adolf
Černý
. 204
28.
Uczestnicy polskiej wyprawy naukowej do Azji Mniejszej
(13
VIII—
19
Χ
1927).
W pierwszym rzędzie od lewej: geograf Ludomir Sawicki, geolog Bohdan Świ-
derski, szofer Jan Sztejn
. 206
29.
Uczestnicy wykopalisk w
Kültepe.
Od lewej siedzą: F. Grimmek, B.
Hrozný,
V.
Petras, 1925. 209
30.
Pismo Instytutu Orientalnego w Pradze do Tadeusza Kowalskiego z
28
XI
1929 . 218
31.
Bedřich Hrozný,
lata trzydzieste
XX
w.
. 223
32.
Tadeusz Kowalski z córką, jesień
1932 . 231
33.
Bedřich Hrozný
na brzegu Łaby w Uzdrowisku Podiebrady, lata trzydzieste
XX
w
. 233
34.
Tadeusz Kowalski z rodziną na wakacjach w Kościelisku, lato
1933 . 238
35.
Tadeusz Kowalski podczas ferii zimowych w Kościelisku, styczeń
1934. 241
36.
Bedřich Hrozný
(po lewej) i Tadeusz Kowalski nad brzegiem morza w Stambule,
13
IX
1934. 243
37.
Karta pocztowa
Bedřicha
Hroznego do Tadeusza Kowalskiego z
3
IV
1936 . 251
38.
Tadeusz Kowalski w okolicach Silifke podczas podróży po południowej Anatolu
(1
VIII-13
IX
1936). 255
39.
Bedřich Hrozný z
żoną
. 261
40.
Uczestnicy
XX
Międzynarodowego Kongresu Orientalistów w Brukseli
(5-Ю
IX
1938).
Tadeusz Kowalski siedzi trzecim rzędzie czwarty od lewej,
Bedřich
Hrozný
w piątym rzędzie szósty od lewej
5
IX
1938. 265
41.
Bedřich Hrozný
-
rektor Uniwersytetu Karola w roku akademickim
1939/1940
(mai.
Václav Nedbal,
olej na płótnie)
. 267
- 302 -
Ilustracje pochodzą ze zbiorów:
Anny Kowalskiej-Lewickiej i Kazimierza Kowalskiego
(2, 7, 8, 14, 19, 20, 23, 25, 26, 32,
34, 35)
Archiv
Akademie
věd České republiky
(5, 9, 10, 12, 16, 17, 21, 27)
Archiwum Nauki Polskiej Akademii Nauk i Polskiej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie
(1,3,4,6, 11, 13, 15,18,24,28,30,36-38,40)
Česká tisková kancelář
(39)
Ústav dějin a Archiv Univerzity Karlovy v Praze
(31,41)
oraz z publikacji:
Poutník Orientem, Praha
1946 (22);
V říši půlměsíce. Cesty a
vykopávky v
Turecku, Praha
1927 (29);
Lázně Poděbrady. Lázeňský zpravodaj
-
Seznam lázeňských hostí
IX
(1932),
nr27.
Summary
Ibis collection of correspondence between
Tadeusz Kowalski, Jan Rypka and
Bedřich
Hrozný
not only contributes to the history of the period in which the foundations were being
laid for Polish and Czech Oriental Studies, but equally it makes a contribution to the history
of Czech-Polish scholarly relations in the first half of the 20th century. All three scholars
belonged to a generation of Central European Slav Orientalists who for lack of opportunities
at home obtained their specialist education at the University of Vienna, which they then
supplemented at German universities. Their initial scholarly achievements came in the pe¬
riod prior to
1918,
but their professional careers centred primarily around the period between
the world wars. After the establishment of independent Polish and Czechoslovak states, they
soon became the outstanding figures in their fields, the development of which they fostered
not only in their scholarly works, but also with their tireless organizational activities.
The key figure in this work is the Krakow Turkologist and
Arabist
Tadeusz Kowalski,
who was in constant contact by mail with both his Czech colleagues. He was born on 21st
June
1889
in
Châteauroux
in France, but soon moved with his parents to Krakow, which at
that time was in the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Even during his years at St Anne's Grammar
School in Krakow he studied oriental languages. After passing his school-leaving examina¬
tion in
1907
he got into Oriental Studies at the University of Vienna, where his tutors inclu¬
ded D. H.
Müller,
M.
Bittner and R.
Geyer,
who later reviewed his
habilitation
thesis. In
Vienna he made the acquaintance of J. Rypka and probably that of B.
Hrozný
too. After his
doctorate in
1911
and his marriage to
Zofie
née
Medwecka
(1890-1976),
he was awarded
research fellowships at Kiel and
Strasburg
Universities.
In July
1914
he habilitated in the languages and philology of the Islamic East at the
Jagiellonian University
(Uniwersytet Jagielloński)
in Krakow. In
1919
he was appointed
associate professor and in May
1922
full professor. The broad range of his specialist interests
covered everything from ancient Arabic poetry through the great Iranian poets Omar Khay¬
yam and Firdawsi to Turkology and research into one of the smallest national minorities in
Poland at that time
-
the Karaims. Turkology had such great prominence in his research work
that he is most frequently referred to as a Turkologist. During the interwar period he went on
several research trips to Turkey and Turkish-speaking areas of Romania and Bulgaria, which
resulted in specialist studies and a number of popularizing publications. He played a promi¬
nent role in the organization of Polish scholarship and of Oriental Studies in particular. He
- 285 -
was a prominent member of the Polish Oriental Studies Association
(Polskie Towarzystwo
Orientalistyczne) and a member of the Arabic Language Academy in Damascus, the Ugro-
-Finnic Association in Helsinki, the Oriental Institute in Prague
(Orientální ústav),
the
Körö¬
si
Csoma Society in Budapest and the Czech Academy of Sciences and Arts
(Česká akademie
věd a umění).
He represented Polish Oriental Studies at a number of international conferen¬
ces. One special commitment was his membership of the Polish Academy of Arts and Scien¬
ces
(Polska
Akademia Umiejętności,
PAU),
where he was one of the first members of the
Oriental Studies Commission, on which he first acted as Secretary and subsequently as Chair¬
man. Several years later he was invited to work on the Anthropological, Ethnographic and
Geographical Commissions. In
1927
he became a corresponding member and in
1932
an
active member of the
PAU.
From
1936
to
1939
he was Secretary of the Philological Section.
In March
1939
he was elected as a Presidium General Assembly delegate and in June of that
year he was appointed General Secretary, a role which he continued to perform until his
death in
1948.
On 6th November
1939
he was imprisoned along with other Krakow profes¬
sors in what is known as
Sonderaktion Krakau.
Following his return from the
Sachsenhausen
concentration camp, he worked in the Jagiellonian Library
(Biblioteka Jagiellońska)
and
was involved in underground activities. After the war, most
PAU
organizational activities
fell on his shoulders as General Secretary. He fell seriously ill in November
1947
and died at
the age of just
59
in Krakow on 5th May
1948.
The second of these three Oriental Studies scholars, Jan Rypka, was born on 28th May
1886
in
Kroměříž,
Moravia. Oriental culture attracted him from an early age and he became
fully involved in Oriental Studies at the University of Vienna from
1905.
It was here that he
first met the new senior lecturer B.
Hrozný
and his later long-term friend T.
Kowalski.
In
1910
Rypka was made a Doctor of Philosophy in Islamic languages in Vienna. He found
employment at a Vienna book printers as a specialist adviser on Oriental texts, and during the
First World War he was its Director. In early
1918
he married Marie
Mühlmannová
(1895—
1981).
After the establishment of the Czechoslovak state, the Rypkas returned to Bohemia
and Jan Rypka accepted the position of Director of the Czech Graphic Union in Prague
(Česká grafická
unie).
In order to devote himself fully to Oriental Studies, he became a civil
servant at the Ministry of Education in Prague, and subsequently went for a year-long stay in
Istanbul. In
1924
he habilitated in Turkish and Modern Persian Philology at Charles Univer¬
sity
(Univerzita Karlova)
in Prague. During this period his research focused on the works of
Turkish poets (Sabit and
Baki)
and his work soon ranked him among the leading world
experts in Classical Turkish poetry. In
1927
he was appointed associate professor at Charles
University in Prague and in
1930
he was made a full professor. Rypka's most important
subjects also included his study of Turkish diplomatics, in which he made a number of im¬
portant sources available to historical research (particularly the correspondence of Ukrainian
hetmans with the High Porte). From the end of the
1920s,
however, his professional interests
focused increasingly on Iranian Studies. His main subjects were the works of prominent
medieval Persian poets
Niżami
and Firdawsi. Rypka's public and organizational activities
were also of importance. During the
1920s
he took an active role in the establishment of the
Oriental Institute, then he played an active part as editor in the preparations for its primary
periodical
-
„Oriental Studies Archive"
(Archiv Orientální),
and he also worked as editor-in-
chief on the Oriental Institute Monograph series
(Monografie Orientálního ústavu).
In
1939
he was elected Dean of the Philosophical Faculty at Charles University and he was in this
- 286 -
position
when the Czech institutes of higher education were closed down by the German
occupiers. After the liberation, Dean Rypka was presented with the task of re-establishing
the faculty. His most important post-war scholarly achievements included the collectively
compiled History of Persian and Tajik Literature
{Dějiny perské
a tadžické
literatury). Ryp-
ka's scholarly achievements were appraised by a large number of research institutes and
universities (he was made a full member of the Czech Academy of Sciences and Arts and an
associate member of the Royal Bohemian Learned Society
(Královská česká společnost nauk),
the Iranian Academy of Sciences in Tehran, the Oriental Studies Commission of the Polish
Academy of Arts and Sciences in Krakow and other establishments. After the establishment
of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences
(Československá akademie věd)
in
1952,
he was
one of the first to be appointed as a member and academician. The highly productive life of
Jan Rypka came to a close at the ripe age of
82
on 29th December
1968.
Bedřich Hrozný
is one of the most famous Czech scholars ever, and it is thanks to him
that the general public in this country is well aware of the field in which he made his greatest
achievements
—
Hittitology. He was born on 6th May
1879
in
Lysá nad Labem
into the family
of an evangelical minister
-
hence his interest in the history of biblical nations and their
languages. He studied at grammar schools in Prague and
Kolín
and after his school-leaving
examination in
1897
he began to get involved in Oriental Studies at the University of Vienna.
His primary interest was Assyriology, which was only being offered in Vienna at that time by
D. H.
Müller.
After a research fellowship in Berlin and the publication of his first scholarly
works on Ancient Babylonian history,
Hrozný
found employment at the Vienna University
Library. In
1904
he took part in E. Sellin's expedition to Palestine and worked on cuneiform
tablets found there. In
1914,
after his marriage to
Vlasta Procházková
(1888-1959),
he took
over the preparations for the publication of the cuneiform archive of the
Hittite
kings from
his Berlin tutor H. Winckler. The results were astonishing
-
Hrozný
managed to decipher the
previously unknown
Hittite
language and his results were accepted and confirmed by Orien¬
talists worldwide. Soon after the war he was appointed professor of cuneiform research and
ancient oriental history at Charles University in Prague. From
1924
to
1925,
Hrozný
worked
on his legendary excavations in the Near East, which were crowned by his second great
success
-
the discovery of the archive of an ancient trading station with a thousand Cappado-
cian tablets. He spent the remaining interwar years in intensive research and pedagogical
activity, giving numerous lectures abroad and popularizing his research results in a number
of articles and publications. He was a member of the foremost research establishments both
at home and abroad, e.g. he was a full foreign member of the Polish Academy of Arts and
Sciences and a full member of the Royal Bohemian Learned Society and the Czech Academy
of Sciences and Arts. He was intensively involved in the creation of Czech Oriental Studies
and he was also one of those behind the establishment of the Oriental Institute in Prague,
while it is also to his credit that the journal published by the institute
-
Oriental Studies
Archive
-
quickly acquired an outstanding reputation under his editorship. However, he was
not successful in his other scholarly interests, e.g. in deciphering the languages and script
of the „hieroglyphic
Hittites"
and the scripts of ancient Crete. During the difficult period at
the beginning of the occupation,
Hrozný
was elected Vice-Chancellor of Charles University
and he was in this position when the Czech institutes of higher education were closed down
on 17th November
1939.
Hrozný
withdrew into seclusion to work on his last great work,
a synthesis of the ancient history of the Near East. In
1944
he suffered a stroke, which practi-
- 287 -
cally
excluded him from public life after the wax. Hence he was unable to take part in the
great Oriental Studies Congress convened in Prague in
1949
to mark his 70th birthday. He
died on 12th December
1952,
a month after being made an academician at the newly esta¬
blished Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences.
This collection provides access to all the correspondence which has been found between
T.
Kowalski
and his Czech colleagues J. Rypka and B.
Hrozný.
The edited lists consist of
two chronologically arranged series
-
the first comprising correspondence between
Tadeusz
Kowalski
and Jan Rypka
1914-1948
and the second comprising correspondence between
Tadeusz Kowalski
and
Bedřich Hrozný
1928-1939.
The first series of correspondence comprises a total of
126
items
- 71
letters (plus post¬
cards and view-cards) from J. Rypka to T.
Kowalski
and
55
items addressed the other way.
The entire series centres around the interwar period and particularly illustrates their mutual
collaboration over specialist Oriental Studies subjects. The letters also include the corres¬
pondents' observations on current Oriental Studies and the political situation of the era, they
reveal something of the lifestyles of the two scholars and they clearly illustrate their friendly
relationship stretching over many years.
The second series of correspondence includes
74
items, with
34
letters from T.
Kowalski
to B.
Hrozný
and
40
items from
Hrozný
to
Kowalski.
All of them are from the interwar
period. Their contents primarily concern the Oriental Studies Archive publication activities
of T.
Kowalski
and some other subjects (e.g.
Hrozný's
lecture at the Jagiellonian University
in Krakow in
1929,
Kowalski's lectures and stay in Czechoslovakia in
1937
and his partici¬
pation in Oriental Studies Congresses).
All the correspondence is edited in the original language (whether Polish, Czech or Ger¬
man), while the language of publication is Polish, which is used to formulate all the reference
aids. The original letters, postcards and view-cards are nowadays housed in three archives
and archive
fonds:
1.
the Science Archives of the Polish Academy of Sciences and Polish
Academy of Arts and Sciences in Krakow
(Archiwum Nauki Polskiej Akademii Nauki
i Polskiej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie,
for the personal papers of
T.
Kowalski:
let¬
ters of J. Rypka and
B. Hrozný);
2.
the Archive of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech
Republic in Prague
(Archiv Akademie věd ČR,
personal papers of J. Rypka: letters of
T.
Kowalski);
3.
the National Museum in Prague
-
in the Library of the
Náprstek
Museum of
Asian, African and American Cultures
(Národní
museum
v Praze
-
Knihovna Náprstkova
muzea asijských, afrických a amerických kultur,
personal papers of
В.
Hrozný:
letters of
T.
Kowalski).
This publication came about as part of a joint project: Scientific, Scholarly and Cultural
Relations between the Czech Lands and
Galicia
in the 19th and 20th Centuries implemented
by the Science Archives of the Polish Academy of Sciences and Polish Academy of Arts and
Sciences in Krakow and the Archive of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic in
Prague. |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| any_adam_object_boolean | 1 |
| author | Kowalski, Tadeusz 1889-1948 Rypka, Jan 1886-1968 Hrozný, Bedřich 1879-1952 |
| author_GND | (DE-588)122076370 (DE-588)116712686 (DE-588)118775162 |
| author_facet | Kowalski, Tadeusz 1889-1948 Rypka, Jan 1886-1968 Hrozný, Bedřich 1879-1952 |
| author_role | aut aut aut |
| author_sort | Kowalski, Tadeusz 1889-1948 |
| author_variant | t k tk j r jr b h bh |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV022949755 |
| classification_rvk | NP 4410 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)237024437 (DE-599)BVBBV022949755 |
| discipline | Geschichte |
| discipline_str_mv | Geschichte |
| format | Book |
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| genre | (DE-588)4146609-3 Briefsammlung gnd-content |
| genre_facet | Briefsammlung |
| id | DE-604.BV022949755 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T19:01:43Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T21:08:23Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9788360183519 |
| language | Polish Czech German |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016154241 |
| oclc_num | 237024437 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 DE-M333 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 DE-M333 |
| physical | 309 S. Ill. |
| psigel | BSBWK1 |
| publishDate | 2007 |
| publishDateSearch | 2007 |
| publishDateSort | 2007 |
| publisher | Polska Akad. Umiejętności, Archiwum Nauki PAN i PAU [u.a.] |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Kowalski, Tadeusz 1889-1948 Verfasser (DE-588)122076370 aut Korespondencja Tadeusza Kowalskiego z Janem Rypką i Bedřichem Hroznym oprac.: Ewa Dziurzyńska ... Kraków Polska Akad. Umiejętności, Archiwum Nauki PAN i PAU [u.a.] 2007 309 S. Ill. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier PST: Korespondence Tadeusze Kowalského s Janem Rypkou a Bedřichem Hrozným. - Text teilw. poln., teilw. tschech., teilw. dt. Rypka, Jan 1886-1968 (DE-588)116712686 gnd rswk-swf Kowalski, Tadeusz 1889-1948 (DE-588)122076370 gnd rswk-swf Hrozný, Bedřich 1879-1952 (DE-588)118775162 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4146609-3 Briefsammlung gnd-content Kowalski, Tadeusz 1889-1948 (DE-588)122076370 p Rypka, Jan 1886-1968 (DE-588)116712686 p DE-604 Hrozný, Bedřich 1879-1952 (DE-588)118775162 p Rypka, Jan 1886-1968 Verfasser (DE-588)116712686 aut Hrozný, Bedřich 1879-1952 Verfasser (DE-588)118775162 aut Dziurzyńska, Ewa Sonstige oth Digitalisierung BSBMuenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016154241&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016154241&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract |
| spellingShingle | Kowalski, Tadeusz 1889-1948 Rypka, Jan 1886-1968 Hrozný, Bedřich 1879-1952 Korespondencja Tadeusza Kowalskiego z Janem Rypką i Bedřichem Hroznym Rypka, Jan 1886-1968 (DE-588)116712686 gnd Kowalski, Tadeusz 1889-1948 (DE-588)122076370 gnd Hrozný, Bedřich 1879-1952 (DE-588)118775162 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)116712686 (DE-588)122076370 (DE-588)118775162 (DE-588)4146609-3 |
| title | Korespondencja Tadeusza Kowalskiego z Janem Rypką i Bedřichem Hroznym |
| title_auth | Korespondencja Tadeusza Kowalskiego z Janem Rypką i Bedřichem Hroznym |
| title_exact_search | Korespondencja Tadeusza Kowalskiego z Janem Rypką i Bedřichem Hroznym |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Korespondencja Tadeusza Kowalskiego z Janem Rypką i Bedřichem Hroznym |
| title_full | Korespondencja Tadeusza Kowalskiego z Janem Rypką i Bedřichem Hroznym oprac.: Ewa Dziurzyńska ... |
| title_fullStr | Korespondencja Tadeusza Kowalskiego z Janem Rypką i Bedřichem Hroznym oprac.: Ewa Dziurzyńska ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | Korespondencja Tadeusza Kowalskiego z Janem Rypką i Bedřichem Hroznym oprac.: Ewa Dziurzyńska ... |
| title_short | Korespondencja Tadeusza Kowalskiego z Janem Rypką i Bedřichem Hroznym |
| title_sort | korespondencja tadeusza kowalskiego z janem rypka i bedrichem hroznym |
| topic | Rypka, Jan 1886-1968 (DE-588)116712686 gnd Kowalski, Tadeusz 1889-1948 (DE-588)122076370 gnd Hrozný, Bedřich 1879-1952 (DE-588)118775162 gnd |
| topic_facet | Rypka, Jan 1886-1968 Kowalski, Tadeusz 1889-1948 Hrozný, Bedřich 1879-1952 Briefsammlung |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016154241&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016154241&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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