Concepts of modern catalysis and kinetics:
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Weinheim
Wiley-VCH
2007
|
| Ausgabe: | 2., rev. and enlarg. ed. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Klappentext |
| Beschreibung: | XX, 457 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9783527316724 |
Internformat
MARC
| LEADER | 00000nam a2200000 c 4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | BV022873276 | ||
| 003 | DE-604 | ||
| 005 | 20180912 | ||
| 007 | t| | ||
| 008 | 071009s2007 gw ad|| |||| 00||| eng d | ||
| 020 | |a 9783527316724 |9 978-3-527-31672-4 | ||
| 035 | |a (OCoLC)154699503 | ||
| 035 | |a (DE-599)BVBBV022873276 | ||
| 040 | |a DE-604 |b ger |e rakddb | ||
| 041 | 0 | |a eng | |
| 044 | |a gw |c DE | ||
| 049 | |a DE-19 |a DE-91G |a DE-M49 |a DE-29T |a DE-706 |a DE-83 |a DE-11 |a DE-355 | ||
| 050 | 0 | |a QD505 | |
| 082 | 0 | |a 660.2995 |2 22 | |
| 084 | |a VE 5800 |0 (DE-625)147124:253 |2 rvk | ||
| 084 | |a VE 7040 |0 (DE-625)147136:253 |2 rvk | ||
| 084 | |a CHE 163f |2 stub | ||
| 084 | |a CHE 167f |2 stub | ||
| 100 | 1 | |a Chorkendorff, Ib |d 1955- |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)173347088 |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Concepts of modern catalysis and kinetics |c I. Chorkendorff ; J. W. Niemantsverdriet |
| 250 | |a 2., rev. and enlarg. ed. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Weinheim |b Wiley-VCH |c 2007 | |
| 300 | |a XX, 457 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 650 | 7 | |a Katalysatoren |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Katalyse |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Catalysis | |
| 650 | 4 | |a t | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Reaktionskinetik |0 (DE-588)4048655-2 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Heterogene Katalyse |0 (DE-588)4123377-3 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 689 | 0 | 0 | |a Heterogene Katalyse |0 (DE-588)4123377-3 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 1 | |a Reaktionskinetik |0 (DE-588)4048655-2 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Niemantsverdriet, Johannes W. |d 1951- |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)122259742 |4 aut | |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung UB Regensburg |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016078344&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung UB Regensburg |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016078344&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Klappentext |
| 943 | 1 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016078344 | |
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1823313121677148160 |
|---|---|
| adam_text |
VII
Contents
Prefece
XV
1
Introduction
to Catalysis
1
1.1
What is Catalysis?
2
1.2
Catalysts Can Be Atoms, Molecules, Enzymes and Solid Surfaces
4
1.2.1
Homogeneous Catalysis
4
1.2.2
Biocatalysis
5
1.2.3
Heterogeneous Catalysis
6
1.3
Why is Catalysis Important?
8
1.3.1
Catalysis and Green Chemistry
8
1.3.2
Atom Efficiency,
E
Factors and Environmental Friendliness
9
1.3.3
The Chemical Industry
11
1.4
Catalysis as a Multidisciplinary Science IS
1.4.1
The Many Length Scales of a "Catalyst"
15
1.4.2
Time Scales in Catalysis
17
1.5
The Scope of This Book
І7
1.6
Catalysis in Journals
28
1.7
General References to Textbooks in Catalysis
21
2
Kinetics
23
2.1
Introduction
23
2.2
The Rate Equation and Power Rate Laws
25
2.3
Reactions and Thermodynamic Equilibrium
28
2.3.1
Example of Chemical Equilibrium: The Ammonia Synthesis
31
2.3.2
Chemical Equilibrium for a Non-ideal Gas
34
2.4
Temperature Dependence of the Rate
36
2.5
Integrated Rate Equations: Time Dependence of Concentrations
in Reactions of Different Orders
38
2.6
Coupled Reactions in Flow Reactors: The Steady-state Approximation
41
2.7
Coupled Reactions in Batch Reactors
46
2.8
Catalytic Reactions
48
2.8.1
The Mean-field Approximation
52
2.9
Langmuir Adsorption Isotherms
53
VIII
2.9.1
Associative
Adsorption 53
2.9.2
Dissociative
Adsorption 55
2.93
Competitive
Adsorption 55
2.10
Reaction Mechanisms
56
2.10.1
Langmuir-Hinshelwood or Eley-Rideal Mechanisms
56
2.10.2
Langmuir-Hinshelwood Kinetics
57
2.10.3
The Complete Solution
58
2.10.4
The Steady State Approximation
59
2.10.5
The Quasi-equilibrium Approximation
59
2.10.6
Steps with Similar Rates
61
2.10.7
Irreversible Step Approximation
61
2.10.8
The
MARI
Approximation
62
2.10.9
Nearly Empty Surface
62
2.10.10
Reaction Order
63
2.10.11
Apparent Activation Energy
65
2.11
Entropy, Entropy Production, Auto Catalysis and Oscillating Reactions
69
2.12
Kinetics of Enzyme-catalyzed Reactions
73
3
Reaction Rate Theory
79
3.1
Introduction
79
3.2
The Boltzmann Distribution and the Partition Function
80
3.3
Partition Functions of Atoms and Molecules
83
3.3.1
The Boltzmann Distribution
84
3.3.1.1
Justification for Equating A2 with 1/T
86
3.3.2
Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution of Velocities
87
3.3.3
Total Partition Function of System
87
3.3.3.1
Translational Partition Function
88
3.3.3.2
Vibrational Partition Function
90
3.3.3.3
Rotational (and Nuclear) Partition Function
91
3.3.3.4
Electronic and Nuclear Partition Functions
92
3.4
Molecules in Equilibrium
93
3.5
Collision Theory
101
3.5.1
Rate of Surface Collisions
í
03
3.5.2
Reaction Probability
104
3.5.3
Fundamental Objection Against Collision Theory
106
3.6
Activation of Reacting Molecules by Collisions: The lindemann
Theory
107
3.7
Transition State Theory
108
3.7.1
Thermodynamic Form of the Rate Transition State Expression
110
3.8
Transition State Theory of Surface Reactions
113
3.8.1
Adsorption of Atoms
114
3.8.1.1
Indirect Adsorption
114
3.8.1.2
Direct Adsorption
216
3.8.2
Adsorption of Molecules
119
3.8.2.1
Precursor-mediated or Indirect Adsorption
119
IX
3.8.2.2
Direct
Adsorption 220
3.8.3
Reaction Between Adsorbates
122
3.8.4
Desorption of Molecules
124
3.9
Summary
127
4
Catalyst Characterization
129
4.1
Introduction
129
4.2
X-ray Diffraction (XRD)
131
4.3
X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS)
134
4.4
Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (EXAFS)
139
4.5
Electron Microscopy
143
4.6
Mössbauer
Spectroscopy
247
4.7
Ion Spectroscopy: SIMS,
LEIS, RBS
150
4.8
Temperature-programmed Reduction, Oxidation and Sulfidation 1S4
4.9
Infrared Spectroscopy
255
4.10
Surface Science Techniques
158
4.10.1
Low Energy Electron Diffraction
(LEED)
258
4.10.2
Scanning Probe Microscopy
262
4.10.2.1
Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM)
262
4.10.2.2
The Atomic Force Microscope (AFM)
264
4.11
Concluding Remarks
166
5
Solid Catalysts
267
5.1
Requirements of a Successful Catalyst
267
5.2
Structure of Metals, Oxides and
Sulfides
and Their Surfaces
269
5.2.1
Metal Structures
269
5.2.2
Surface Crystallography of Metals
270
5.2.2.1
Crystal Planes
270
5.2.2.2
Adsórbate
Sites
273
5.2.2.3
The Two-dimensional Lattice
274
5.2.3
Oxides and
Sulfides 276
5.2.4
Surface Free Energy
278
5.3
Characteristics of Small Particles and Porous Material
280
5.3.1 Wulff
Construction
280
5.3.2
Pore System
284
5.3.3
Surface Area
285
5.4
Catalyst Supports
190
5.4.1
Silica
292
5.4.2
Alumina
293
5.4.3
Carbon
295
5.4.4
Shaping of Catalyst Supports
295
5.5
Preparation of Supported Catalysts
296
5.5.1
Coprecipitation
297
5.5.2
Impregnation, Adsorption and Ion-exchange
297
5.5.3
Deposition Precipitation
299
5.6
5.7
5.7.1
5.7.2
5.7.3
5.8
5.8.1
5.8.2
5.8.2.1
5.8.2.2
5.8.2.3
6
6.1
6.2
6.2.1
6.2.2
6.3
6.3.1
6.3.1.1
6.3.1.2
6.3.1.3
6.3.2
6.3.2.1
6.3.2.2
6.3.2.3
6.3.2.4
6.4
6.4.1
6.4.1.1
6.4.1.2
6.4.1.3
6.4.2
6.4.2.1
6.4.2.2
6.4.2.3
6.4.3
6.5
6.5.1
6.5.2
6.5.2.1
6.5.3
6.5.3.1
6.5.3.2
6.5.3.3
Unsupported Catalysts
199
Zeolites
200
Structure of a Zeolite
201
Compensating Cations and Acidity
202
Applications of Zeolites
203
Catalyst Testing
204
Ten Commandments for Testing Catalysts
205
Activity Measurements
207
Transport Limitations and the
Thiele
Diffusion Modulus
207
Pore Diffusion
212
Consequences of Transport Limitations for Testing Catalysts
214
Surface Reactivity
217
Introduction
217
Physisorption
217
The Van
der Waals
Interaction
218
Including the Repulsive Part
219
Chemical Bonding
220
Bonding in Molecules
221
Diatomic Molecule
221
Homonuclear Diatomic Molecules
222
Heteronuclear System
223
The Solid Surface
226
Work Function
227
Free Electron Gas and the Jellium Model
228
Tight Binding Model
232
Simple Model of a Transition Metal
235
Chemisorption
237
Newns-Anderson Model
238
Case
1:
Atom on a Metal of Constant Electron Density
241
Case
2:
Atom on an sp Metal
242
Case
3:
Atom on a Transition Metal
243
Summary of Newns-Anderson Approximation in Qualitative Terms
243
Adsorption on a Free-electron Metal
244
Atomic Adsorption on a Transition or
d
Metal
244
Adsorption of a Molecule on a Transition Metal
245
Electrostatic Effects in Atomic
Adsórbales
on Jellium
246
Important Trends in Surface Reactivity
248
Trend in Atomic Chemisorption Energies
249
Trends in Molecular Chemisorption
253
Effects of Stress and Strain on Chemisorption
255
Trends in Surface Reactivity
257
Physisorption, Chemisorption and Dissociation
257
Dissociative Adsorption: N2 on Ruthenium Surfaces
258
Trends in Dissociative Adsorption
259
xi
6.5.3.4
Transition States
and the Effect of Coverage:
Ethylene
Hydrogénation
261
6.5.3.5
Sabatier's Principle
264
6.5.3.6
Opportunities for Tuning Surface Reactivity
265
6.5.4
Universality in Heterogeneous Catalysis
266
7
Kinetics of Reactions on Surfaces
271
7.1
Elementary Surface Reactions
271
7.1.1
Adsorption and Sticking
271
7.1.1.1
Determination of Sticking Coefficients
272
7.1.2
Desorption
278
7.1.2.1
Quantitative Interpretation of
TPD
Data
280
7.1.2.2
Compensation Effect in Temperature Programmed Desorption
282
7.1.3
Lateral Interactions in Surface Reactions
283
7.1.4
Dissociation Reactions on Surfaces
286
7.1.5
Intermediates in Surface Reactions
289
7.1.6
Association Reactions
290
7.2
Kinetic Parameters from Fitting Langmuir-Hinshelwood Models
292
7.3
Micro-kinetic Modeling
295
7.3.1
Reaction Scheme and Rate Expressions
295
7.3.2
Activation Energy and Reaction Orders
297
7.3.3
Ammonia Synthesis Catalyst under Working Conditions
301
8
Heterogeneous Catalysis in Practice: Hydrogen
305
8.1
Introduction
305
8.2
Steam Reforming Process
305
8.2.1
Basic Concepts of the Process
305
8.2.1
Mechanistic Details of Steam Reforming
308
8.2.3
Challenges in the Steam Reforming Process
309
8.2.4
The
SPARG
Process: Selective Poisoning by Sulfur
311
8.2.5
Gold-Nickel Alloy Catalysts for Steam Reforming
312
8.2.6
Direct Uses of Methane
313
8.2.6.1
Direct
Methanol
Formation
314
8.2.6.2
Catalytic Partial Oxidation of Methane
315
8.3
Reactions of Synthesis Gas
315
8.3.1
Methanol
Synthesis
315
8.3.1.1
Basic Concepts of the ProcessSIS
8.3.1.2
Methanol
Directly Synthesized from CO and Hz
323
8.3.2
Fischer-Tropsch Process
327
8.4
Water Gas Shift Reaction
330
8.5
Synthesis of Ammonia
331
8.5.1
History of Ammonia Synthesis
331
8.5.2
Ammonia Synthesis Plant
333
8.5.3
Operating the Reactor
335
8.5.4
Scientific Rationale for Improving Catalysts
337
8.6
Promoters and Inhibitors
339
XII
8.7
8.7.1
8.7.2
8.7.3
8.7.3.1
8.7.3.2
8.7.3.3
8.7.3.4
9
9.1
9.2
9.2.1
9.2.2
9.2.3
9.3
9.3.1
9.3.2
9.3.3
9.4
9.4.1
9.4.2
9.4.3
10
10.1
10.2
10.2.1
10.2.1.1
10.2.1.2
10.2.1.3
10.2.2
10.2.2.1
10.2.2.2
10.2.2.3
10.2.2.4
10.2.2.5
10.2.2.6
10.2.3
10.3
10.3.1
10.3.1.1
10.3.1.2
10.3.2
The "Hydrogen Society"
343
The Need for Sustainable Energy
343
Sustainable Energy Sources
344
Hydrogen and Fuel Cells
346
The Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC)
346
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
349
Efficiency of Fuel Cells
350
Hydrogen Storage and Transportation
351
Oil Refining and Petrochemistry
353
Crude Oil
353
Hydrotreating
357
Heteroatoms
and Undesired Compounds
357
Hydrotreating Catalysts
359
Hydrodesulfurization Reaction Mechanisms
362
Gasoline Production
364
Fluidized
Catalytic Cracking
365
Reforming and Bifunctional Catalysis
368
Alkylation
372
Petrochemistry. Reactions of Small Olefins
374
Ethylene Epoxidation
374
Partial Oxidation and Ammoxidation of Propylene
376
Polymerization Catalysis
378
Environmental Catalysis
381
Introduction
381
Automotive Exhaust Catalysis
383
The Three-way Catalyst
383
Catalytic Converter
385
Demonstration Experiments
388
Catalyst Deactivation
388
Catalytic Reactions in the Three-way Catalyst: Mechanism and
Kinetics
389
CO Oxidation Reaction
389
Is CO Oxidation a Structure-insensitive Reaction?
391
CO
+
NO Reaction
392
CO
+
NO Reaction at Higher Pressures
394
Reactions Involving Hydrocarbons
395
NOX Storage-Reduction Catalyst for Lean-burning Engines
395
Concluding Remarks on Automotive Catalysts
397
Air Pollution by Large Stationary Sources
397
Selective Catalytic Reduction: The SCR Process
397
Catalyst for the SCR Process
399
SCR Reaction Kinetics
401
SCR Process for Mobile Units
403
XIII
Questions
and Exercises
405
Appendix A
447
Appendix
В
448
Index
452
Concepts
of
Modem
Catalysis and Kinetics is the first
textbook to span the full range from fundamentals
of kinetics and heterogeneous catalysis via modern
experimental and theoretical results of model stud¬
ies to their equivalent large-scale industrial produc¬
tion processes. This second edition now includes
significant new developments, with all the chapters
updated by way of recent examples and relevant new
literature. With its focus on practical application,
rather than theory, the result is key knowledge for
students at technical universities and professionals
already working in industry. |
| adam_txt |
VII
Contents
Prefece
XV
1
Introduction
to Catalysis
1
1.1
What is Catalysis?
2
1.2
Catalysts Can Be Atoms, Molecules, Enzymes and Solid Surfaces
4
1.2.1
Homogeneous Catalysis
4
1.2.2
Biocatalysis
5
1.2.3
Heterogeneous Catalysis
6
1.3
Why is Catalysis Important?
8
1.3.1
Catalysis and Green Chemistry
8
1.3.2
Atom Efficiency,
E
Factors and Environmental Friendliness
9
1.3.3
The Chemical Industry
11
1.4
Catalysis as a Multidisciplinary Science IS
1.4.1
The Many Length Scales of a "Catalyst"
15
1.4.2
Time Scales in Catalysis
17
1.5
The Scope of This Book
І7
1.6
Catalysis in Journals
28
1.7
General References to Textbooks in Catalysis
21
2
Kinetics
23
2.1
Introduction
23
2.2
The Rate Equation and Power Rate Laws
25
2.3
Reactions and Thermodynamic Equilibrium
28
2.3.1
Example of Chemical Equilibrium: The Ammonia Synthesis
31
2.3.2
Chemical Equilibrium for a Non-ideal Gas
34
2.4
Temperature Dependence of the Rate
36
2.5
Integrated Rate Equations: Time Dependence of Concentrations
in Reactions of Different Orders
38
2.6
Coupled Reactions in Flow Reactors: The Steady-state Approximation
41
2.7
Coupled Reactions in Batch Reactors
46
2.8
Catalytic Reactions
48
2.8.1
The Mean-field Approximation
52
2.9
Langmuir Adsorption Isotherms
53
VIII
2.9.1
Associative
Adsorption 53
2.9.2
Dissociative
Adsorption 55
2.93
Competitive
Adsorption 55
2.10
Reaction Mechanisms
56
2.10.1
Langmuir-Hinshelwood or Eley-Rideal Mechanisms
56
2.10.2
Langmuir-Hinshelwood Kinetics
57
2.10.3
The Complete Solution
58
2.10.4
The Steady State Approximation
59
2.10.5
The Quasi-equilibrium Approximation
59
2.10.6
Steps with Similar Rates
61
2.10.7
Irreversible Step Approximation
61
2.10.8
The
MARI
Approximation
62
2.10.9
Nearly Empty Surface
62
2.10.10
Reaction Order
63
2.10.11
Apparent Activation Energy
65
2.11
Entropy, Entropy Production, Auto Catalysis and Oscillating Reactions
69
2.12
Kinetics of Enzyme-catalyzed Reactions
73
3
Reaction Rate Theory
79
3.1
Introduction
79
3.2
The Boltzmann Distribution and the Partition Function
80
3.3
Partition Functions of Atoms and Molecules
83
3.3.1
The Boltzmann Distribution
84
3.3.1.1
Justification for Equating A2 with 1/T
86
3.3.2
Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution of Velocities
87
3.3.3
Total Partition Function of System
87
3.3.3.1
Translational Partition Function
88
3.3.3.2
Vibrational Partition Function
90
3.3.3.3
Rotational (and Nuclear) Partition Function
91
3.3.3.4
Electronic and Nuclear Partition Functions
92
3.4
Molecules in Equilibrium
93
3.5
Collision Theory
101
3.5.1
Rate of Surface Collisions
í
03
3.5.2
Reaction Probability
104
3.5.3
Fundamental Objection Against Collision Theory
106
3.6
Activation of Reacting Molecules by Collisions: The lindemann
Theory
107
3.7
Transition State Theory
108
3.7.1
Thermodynamic Form of the Rate Transition State Expression
110
3.8
Transition State Theory of Surface Reactions
113
3.8.1
Adsorption of Atoms
114
3.8.1.1
Indirect Adsorption
114
3.8.1.2
Direct Adsorption
216
3.8.2
Adsorption of Molecules
119
3.8.2.1
Precursor-mediated or Indirect Adsorption
119
IX
3.8.2.2
Direct
Adsorption 220
3.8.3
Reaction Between Adsorbates
122
3.8.4
Desorption of Molecules
124
3.9
Summary
127
4
Catalyst Characterization
129
4.1
Introduction
129
4.2
X-ray Diffraction (XRD)
131
4.3
X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS)
134
4.4
Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (EXAFS)
139
4.5
Electron Microscopy
143
4.6
Mössbauer
Spectroscopy
247
4.7
Ion Spectroscopy: SIMS,
LEIS, RBS
150
4.8
Temperature-programmed Reduction, Oxidation and Sulfidation 1S4
4.9
Infrared Spectroscopy
255
4.10
Surface Science Techniques
158
4.10.1
Low Energy Electron Diffraction
(LEED)
258
4.10.2
Scanning Probe Microscopy
262
4.10.2.1
Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM)
262
4.10.2.2
The Atomic Force Microscope (AFM)
264
4.11
Concluding Remarks
166
5
Solid Catalysts
267
5.1
Requirements of a Successful Catalyst
267
5.2
Structure of Metals, Oxides and
Sulfides
and Their Surfaces
269
5.2.1
Metal Structures
269
5.2.2
Surface Crystallography of Metals
270
5.2.2.1
Crystal Planes
270
5.2.2.2
Adsórbate
Sites
273
5.2.2.3
The Two-dimensional Lattice
274
5.2.3
Oxides and
Sulfides 276
5.2.4
Surface Free Energy
278
5.3
Characteristics of Small Particles and Porous Material
280
5.3.1 Wulff
Construction
280
5.3.2
Pore System
284
5.3.3
Surface Area
285
5.4
Catalyst Supports
190
5.4.1
Silica
292
5.4.2
Alumina
293
5.4.3
Carbon
295
5.4.4
Shaping of Catalyst Supports
295
5.5
Preparation of Supported Catalysts
296
5.5.1
Coprecipitation
297
5.5.2
Impregnation, Adsorption and Ion-exchange
297
5.5.3
Deposition Precipitation
299
5.6
5.7
5.7.1
5.7.2
5.7.3
5.8
5.8.1
5.8.2
5.8.2.1
5.8.2.2
5.8.2.3
6
6.1
6.2
6.2.1
6.2.2
6.3
6.3.1
6.3.1.1
6.3.1.2
6.3.1.3
6.3.2
6.3.2.1
6.3.2.2
6.3.2.3
6.3.2.4
6.4
6.4.1
6.4.1.1
6.4.1.2
6.4.1.3
6.4.2
6.4.2.1
6.4.2.2
6.4.2.3
6.4.3
6.5
6.5.1
6.5.2
6.5.2.1
6.5.3
6.5.3.1
6.5.3.2
6.5.3.3
Unsupported Catalysts
199
Zeolites
200
Structure of a Zeolite
201
Compensating Cations and Acidity
202
Applications of Zeolites
203
Catalyst Testing
204
Ten Commandments for Testing Catalysts
205
Activity Measurements
207
Transport Limitations and the
Thiele
Diffusion Modulus
207
Pore Diffusion
212
Consequences of Transport Limitations for Testing Catalysts
214
Surface Reactivity
217
Introduction
217
Physisorption
217
The Van
der Waals
Interaction
218
Including the Repulsive Part
219
Chemical Bonding
220
Bonding in Molecules
221
Diatomic Molecule
221
Homonuclear Diatomic Molecules
222
Heteronuclear System
223
The Solid Surface
226
Work Function
227
Free Electron Gas and the Jellium Model
228
Tight Binding Model
232
Simple Model of a Transition Metal
235
Chemisorption
237
Newns-Anderson Model
238
Case
1:
Atom on a Metal of Constant Electron Density
241
Case
2:
Atom on an sp Metal
242
Case
3:
Atom on a Transition Metal
243
Summary of Newns-Anderson Approximation in Qualitative Terms
243
Adsorption on a Free-electron Metal
244
Atomic Adsorption on a Transition or
d
Metal
244
Adsorption of a Molecule on a Transition Metal
245
Electrostatic Effects in Atomic
Adsórbales
on Jellium
246
Important Trends in Surface Reactivity
248
Trend in Atomic Chemisorption Energies
249
Trends in Molecular Chemisorption
253
Effects of Stress and Strain on Chemisorption
255
Trends in Surface Reactivity
257
Physisorption, Chemisorption and Dissociation
257
Dissociative Adsorption: N2 on Ruthenium Surfaces
258
Trends in Dissociative Adsorption
259
xi
6.5.3.4
Transition States
and the Effect of Coverage:
Ethylene
Hydrogénation
261
6.5.3.5
Sabatier's Principle
264
6.5.3.6
Opportunities for Tuning Surface Reactivity
265
6.5.4
Universality in Heterogeneous Catalysis
266
7
Kinetics of Reactions on Surfaces
271
7.1
Elementary Surface Reactions
271
7.1.1
Adsorption and Sticking
271
7.1.1.1
Determination of Sticking Coefficients
272
7.1.2
Desorption
278
7.1.2.1
Quantitative Interpretation of
TPD
Data
280
7.1.2.2
Compensation Effect in Temperature Programmed Desorption
282
7.1.3
Lateral Interactions in Surface Reactions
283
7.1.4
Dissociation Reactions on Surfaces
286
7.1.5
Intermediates in Surface Reactions
289
7.1.6
Association Reactions
290
7.2
Kinetic Parameters from Fitting Langmuir-Hinshelwood Models
292
7.3
Micro-kinetic Modeling
295
7.3.1
Reaction Scheme and Rate Expressions
295
7.3.2
Activation Energy and Reaction Orders
297
7.3.3
Ammonia Synthesis Catalyst under Working Conditions
301
8
Heterogeneous Catalysis in Practice: Hydrogen
305
8.1
Introduction
305
8.2
Steam Reforming Process
305
8.2.1
Basic Concepts of the Process
305
8.2.1
Mechanistic Details of Steam Reforming
308
8.2.3
Challenges in the Steam Reforming Process
309
8.2.4
The
SPARG
Process: Selective Poisoning by Sulfur
311
8.2.5
Gold-Nickel Alloy Catalysts for Steam Reforming
312
8.2.6
Direct Uses of Methane
313
8.2.6.1
Direct
Methanol
Formation
314
8.2.6.2
Catalytic Partial Oxidation of Methane
315
8.3
Reactions of Synthesis Gas
315
8.3.1
Methanol
Synthesis
315
8.3.1.1
Basic Concepts of the ProcessSIS
8.3.1.2
Methanol
Directly Synthesized from CO and Hz
323
8.3.2
Fischer-Tropsch Process
327
8.4
Water Gas Shift Reaction
330
8.5
Synthesis of Ammonia
331
8.5.1
History of Ammonia Synthesis
331
8.5.2
Ammonia Synthesis Plant
333
8.5.3
Operating the Reactor
335
8.5.4
Scientific Rationale for Improving Catalysts
337
8.6
Promoters and Inhibitors
339
XII
8.7
8.7.1
8.7.2
8.7.3
8.7.3.1
8.7.3.2
8.7.3.3
8.7.3.4
9
9.1
9.2
9.2.1
9.2.2
9.2.3
9.3
9.3.1
9.3.2
9.3.3
9.4
9.4.1
9.4.2
9.4.3
10
10.1
10.2
10.2.1
10.2.1.1
10.2.1.2
10.2.1.3
10.2.2
10.2.2.1
10.2.2.2
10.2.2.3
10.2.2.4
10.2.2.5
10.2.2.6
10.2.3
10.3
10.3.1
10.3.1.1
10.3.1.2
10.3.2
The "Hydrogen Society"
343
The Need for Sustainable Energy
343
Sustainable Energy Sources
344
Hydrogen and Fuel Cells
346
The Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC)
346
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
349
Efficiency of Fuel Cells
350
Hydrogen Storage and Transportation
351
Oil Refining and Petrochemistry
353
Crude Oil
353
Hydrotreating
357
Heteroatoms
and Undesired Compounds
357
Hydrotreating Catalysts
359
Hydrodesulfurization Reaction Mechanisms
362
Gasoline Production
364
Fluidized
Catalytic Cracking
365
Reforming and Bifunctional Catalysis
368
Alkylation
372
Petrochemistry. Reactions of Small Olefins
374
Ethylene Epoxidation
374
Partial Oxidation and Ammoxidation of Propylene
376
Polymerization Catalysis
378
Environmental Catalysis
381
Introduction
381
Automotive Exhaust Catalysis
383
The Three-way Catalyst
383
Catalytic Converter
385
Demonstration Experiments
388
Catalyst Deactivation
388
Catalytic Reactions in the Three-way Catalyst: Mechanism and
Kinetics
389
CO Oxidation Reaction
389
Is CO Oxidation a Structure-insensitive Reaction?
391
CO
+
NO Reaction
392
CO
+
NO Reaction at Higher Pressures
394
Reactions Involving Hydrocarbons
395
NOX Storage-Reduction Catalyst for Lean-burning Engines
395
Concluding Remarks on Automotive Catalysts
397
Air Pollution by Large Stationary Sources
397
Selective Catalytic Reduction: The SCR Process
397
Catalyst for the SCR Process
399
SCR Reaction Kinetics
401
SCR Process for Mobile Units
403
XIII
Questions
and Exercises
405
Appendix A
447
Appendix
В
448
Index
452
Concepts
of
Modem
Catalysis and Kinetics is the first
textbook to span the full range from fundamentals
of kinetics and heterogeneous catalysis via modern
experimental and theoretical results of model stud¬
ies to their equivalent large-scale industrial produc¬
tion processes. This second edition now includes
significant new developments, with all the chapters
updated by way of recent examples and relevant new
literature. With its focus on practical application,
rather than theory, the result is key knowledge for
students at technical universities and professionals
already working in industry. |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| any_adam_object_boolean | 1 |
| author | Chorkendorff, Ib 1955- Niemantsverdriet, Johannes W. 1951- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)173347088 (DE-588)122259742 |
| author_facet | Chorkendorff, Ib 1955- Niemantsverdriet, Johannes W. 1951- |
| author_role | aut aut |
| author_sort | Chorkendorff, Ib 1955- |
| author_variant | i c ic j w n jw jwn |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV022873276 |
| callnumber-first | Q - Science |
| callnumber-label | QD505 |
| callnumber-raw | QD505 |
| callnumber-search | QD505 |
| callnumber-sort | QD 3505 |
| callnumber-subject | QD - Chemistry |
| classification_rvk | VE 5800 VE 7040 |
| classification_tum | CHE 163f CHE 167f |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)154699503 (DE-599)BVBBV022873276 |
| dewey-full | 660.2995 |
| dewey-hundreds | 600 - Technology (Applied sciences) |
| dewey-ones | 660 - Chemical engineering |
| dewey-raw | 660.2995 |
| dewey-search | 660.2995 |
| dewey-sort | 3660.2995 |
| dewey-tens | 660 - Chemical engineering |
| discipline | Chemie / Pharmazie Physik Chemie |
| discipline_str_mv | Chemie / Pharmazie Physik Chemie |
| edition | 2., rev. and enlarg. ed. |
| format | Book |
| fullrecord | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>00000nam a2200000 c 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">BV022873276</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-604</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20180912</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">t|</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">071009s2007 gw ad|| |||| 00||| eng d</controlfield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9783527316724</subfield><subfield code="9">978-3-527-31672-4</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(OCoLC)154699503</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)BVBBV022873276</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-604</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="e">rakddb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="044" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">gw</subfield><subfield code="c">DE</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-19</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-91G</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-M49</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-29T</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-706</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-83</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-11</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-355</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="050" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">QD505</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="082" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">660.2995</subfield><subfield code="2">22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">VE 5800</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-625)147124:253</subfield><subfield code="2">rvk</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">VE 7040</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-625)147136:253</subfield><subfield code="2">rvk</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">CHE 163f</subfield><subfield code="2">stub</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">CHE 167f</subfield><subfield code="2">stub</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Chorkendorff, Ib</subfield><subfield code="d">1955-</subfield><subfield code="e">Verfasser</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)173347088</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Concepts of modern catalysis and kinetics</subfield><subfield code="c">I. Chorkendorff ; J. W. Niemantsverdriet</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="250" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">2., rev. and enlarg. ed.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Weinheim</subfield><subfield code="b">Wiley-VCH</subfield><subfield code="c">2007</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">XX, 457 S.</subfield><subfield code="b">Ill., graph. Darst.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">n</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">nc</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Katalysatoren</subfield><subfield code="2">gtt</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Katalyse</subfield><subfield code="2">gtt</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Catalysis</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">t</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Reaktionskinetik</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4048655-2</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Heterogene Katalyse</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4123377-3</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Heterogene Katalyse</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4123377-3</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Reaktionskinetik</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4048655-2</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Niemantsverdriet, Johannes W.</subfield><subfield code="d">1951-</subfield><subfield code="e">Verfasser</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)122259742</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">Digitalisierung UB Regensburg</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016078344&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Inhaltsverzeichnis</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">Digitalisierung UB Regensburg</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016078344&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Klappentext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="943" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016078344</subfield></datafield></record></collection> |
| id | DE-604.BV022873276 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T18:48:07Z |
| indexdate | 2025-02-06T13:01:34Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9783527316724 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016078344 |
| oclc_num | 154699503 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-91G DE-BY-TUM DE-M49 DE-BY-TUM DE-29T DE-706 DE-83 DE-11 DE-355 DE-BY-UBR |
| owner_facet | DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-91G DE-BY-TUM DE-M49 DE-BY-TUM DE-29T DE-706 DE-83 DE-11 DE-355 DE-BY-UBR |
| physical | XX, 457 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 2007 |
| publishDateSearch | 2007 |
| publishDateSort | 2007 |
| publisher | Wiley-VCH |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Chorkendorff, Ib 1955- Verfasser (DE-588)173347088 aut Concepts of modern catalysis and kinetics I. Chorkendorff ; J. W. Niemantsverdriet 2., rev. and enlarg. ed. Weinheim Wiley-VCH 2007 XX, 457 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Katalysatoren gtt Katalyse gtt Catalysis t Reaktionskinetik (DE-588)4048655-2 gnd rswk-swf Heterogene Katalyse (DE-588)4123377-3 gnd rswk-swf Heterogene Katalyse (DE-588)4123377-3 s Reaktionskinetik (DE-588)4048655-2 s DE-604 Niemantsverdriet, Johannes W. 1951- Verfasser (DE-588)122259742 aut Digitalisierung UB Regensburg application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016078344&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung UB Regensburg application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016078344&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Klappentext |
| spellingShingle | Chorkendorff, Ib 1955- Niemantsverdriet, Johannes W. 1951- Concepts of modern catalysis and kinetics Katalysatoren gtt Katalyse gtt Catalysis t Reaktionskinetik (DE-588)4048655-2 gnd Heterogene Katalyse (DE-588)4123377-3 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4048655-2 (DE-588)4123377-3 |
| title | Concepts of modern catalysis and kinetics |
| title_auth | Concepts of modern catalysis and kinetics |
| title_exact_search | Concepts of modern catalysis and kinetics |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Concepts of modern catalysis and kinetics |
| title_full | Concepts of modern catalysis and kinetics I. Chorkendorff ; J. W. Niemantsverdriet |
| title_fullStr | Concepts of modern catalysis and kinetics I. Chorkendorff ; J. W. Niemantsverdriet |
| title_full_unstemmed | Concepts of modern catalysis and kinetics I. Chorkendorff ; J. W. Niemantsverdriet |
| title_short | Concepts of modern catalysis and kinetics |
| title_sort | concepts of modern catalysis and kinetics |
| topic | Katalysatoren gtt Katalyse gtt Catalysis t Reaktionskinetik (DE-588)4048655-2 gnd Heterogene Katalyse (DE-588)4123377-3 gnd |
| topic_facet | Katalysatoren Katalyse Catalysis t Reaktionskinetik Heterogene Katalyse |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016078344&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016078344&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT chorkendorffib conceptsofmoderncatalysisandkinetics AT niemantsverdrietjohannesw conceptsofmoderncatalysisandkinetics |