Climate change: environment and civilization in the Middle East
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | German |
| Published: |
Berlin [u.a.]
Springer
2007
|
| Edition: | 2. ed. |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XXI, 288 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 9783540698517 |
Staff View
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Record in the Search Index
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| adam_text | Contents
Reviews of the first edition page ii
Preface to the second edition ix
1 Introduction 1
1.1 Weather and climate 2
1.2 What do we mean by climate variability and climate change? 2
1.3 Connections, timescales and uncertainties 6
1.4 The big picture 8
2 Radiation and the Earth s energy balance 11
2.1 Solar and terrestrial radiation 11
2.2 Solar variability 31
2.3 Summary 34
3 The elements of the climate 36
3.1 The atmosphere and oceans in motion 36
3.2 Atmospheric circulation patterns 39
3.3 Radiation balance 49
3.4 The hydrological cycle 54
3.5 The biosphere 55
3.6 Sustained abnormal weather patterns 56
3.7 Atmosphere ocean interactions 61
3.8 The Great Ocean Conveyor 73
3.9 Summary 78
4 The measurement of climate change 81
4.1 In situ instrumental observations 81
4.2 Satellite measurements 87
4.3 Re analysis work 92
4.4 Historical records 93
4.5 Proxy measurements 95
4.6 Dating 111
4.7 Isotope age dating 115
4.8 Summary 118
vi Contents
5 Statistics, significance and cycles 121
5.1 Time series, sampling and harmonic analysis 122
5.2 Noise 127
5.3 Measures of variability and significance 128
5.4 Smoothing 139
5.5 Wavelet analysis 143
5.6 Multidimensional analysis 146
5.7 Summary 148
6 The natural causes of climate change 151
6.1 Autovariance and non linearity 151
6.2 Atmosphere ocean interactions 154
6.3 Ocean currents 157
6.4 Volcanoes 159
6.5 Sunspots and solar activity 163
6.6 Tidal forces 175
6.7 Orbital variations 180
6.8 Continental drift 185
6.9 Changes in atmospheric composition 186
6.10 A belch from the deep 190
6.11 Catastrophes and the nuclear winter 191
6.12 Summary 197
7 Human activities 200
7.1 Greenhouse gas emissions 200
7.2 Dust and aerosols 203
7.3 Desertification and deforestation 206
7.4 The ozone hole 208
7.5 Summary 210
8 Evidence of climate change 212
8.1 Peering into the abyss of time 213
8.2 From greenhouse to icehouse 224
8.3 Sea level fluctuations 227
8.4 The ice ages 231
8.5 The end of the last ice age 239
8.6 The Holocene climatic optimum 245
8.7 Changes during times of recorded history 247
8.8 The medieval climatic optimum 252
8.9 The Little Ice Age 256
vii Contents
8.10 The twentieth century warming 261
8.11 Concluding observations 268
9 Consequences of climate change 270
9.1 Geological consequences 270
9.2 Flora and fauna 272
9.3 Mass extinctions 276
9.4 Sea levels, ice sheets and glaciers 279
9.5 Agriculture 282
9.6 The historical implications of climatic variability 288
9.7 Spread of diseases 291
9.8 The economic impact of extreme weather events 294
9.9 Summary 301
10 Modelling the climate 303
10.1 Global circulation models 304
10.2 Simulation of climatic variability 308
10.3 The challenges facing modellers 312
10.4 Summary 318
11 Predicting climate change 321
11.1 Natural variability 322
11.2 Predicting global wanning 324
11.3 The predicted consequences of global warming 327
11.4 Doubts about the scale of global warming 333
11.5 What can we do about global wanning? 336
11.6 The Gaia hypothesis 341
Glossary 345
Bibliography 359
Index 367
|
| adam_txt |
Contents
Reviews of the first edition page ii
Preface to the second edition ix
1 Introduction 1
1.1 Weather and climate 2
1.2 What do we mean by climate variability and climate change? 2
1.3 Connections, timescales and uncertainties 6
1.4 The big picture 8
2 Radiation and the Earth's energy balance 11
2.1 Solar and terrestrial radiation 11
2.2 Solar variability 31
2.3 Summary 34
3 The elements of the climate 36
3.1 The atmosphere and oceans in motion 36
3.2 Atmospheric circulation patterns 39
3.3 Radiation balance 49
3.4 The hydrological cycle 54
3.5 The biosphere 55
3.6 Sustained abnormal weather patterns 56
3.7 Atmosphere ocean interactions 61
3.8 The Great Ocean Conveyor 73
3.9 Summary 78
4 The measurement of climate change 81
4.1 In situ instrumental observations 81
4.2 Satellite measurements 87
4.3 Re analysis work 92
4.4 Historical records 93
4.5 Proxy measurements 95
4.6 Dating 111
4.7 Isotope age dating 115
4.8 Summary 118
vi Contents
5 Statistics, significance and cycles 121
5.1 Time series, sampling and harmonic analysis 122
5.2 Noise 127
5.3 Measures of variability and significance 128
5.4 Smoothing 139
5.5 Wavelet analysis 143
5.6 Multidimensional analysis 146
5.7 Summary 148
6 The natural causes of climate change 151
6.1 Autovariance and non linearity 151
6.2 Atmosphere ocean interactions 154
6.3 Ocean currents 157
6.4 Volcanoes 159
6.5 Sunspots and solar activity 163
6.6 Tidal forces 175
6.7 Orbital variations 180
6.8 Continental drift 185
6.9 Changes in atmospheric composition 186
6.10 A belch from the deep 190
6.11 Catastrophes and the'nuclear winter' 191
6.12 Summary 197
7 Human activities 200
7.1 Greenhouse gas emissions 200
7.2 Dust and aerosols 203
7.3 Desertification and deforestation 206
7.4 The ozone hole 208
7.5 Summary 210
8 Evidence of climate change 212
8.1 Peering into the abyss of time 213
8.2 From greenhouse to icehouse 224
8.3 Sea level fluctuations 227
8.4 The ice ages 231
8.5 The end of the last ice age 239
8.6 The Holocene climatic optimum 245
8.7 Changes during times of recorded history 247
8.8 The medieval climatic optimum 252
8.9 The Little Ice Age 256
vii Contents
8.10 The twentieth century warming 261
8.11 Concluding observations 268
9 Consequences of climate change 270
9.1 Geological consequences 270
9.2 Flora and fauna 272
9.3 Mass extinctions 276
9.4 Sea levels, ice sheets and glaciers 279
9.5 Agriculture 282
9.6 The historical implications of climatic variability 288
9.7 Spread of diseases 291
9.8 The economic impact of extreme weather events 294
9.9 Summary 301
10 Modelling the climate 303
10.1 Global circulation models 304
10.2 Simulation of climatic variability 308
10.3 The challenges facing modellers 312
10.4 Summary 318
11 Predicting climate change 321
11.1 Natural variability 322
11.2 Predicting global wanning 324
11.3 The predicted consequences of global warming 327
11.4 Doubts about the scale of global warming 333
11.5 What can we do about global wanning? 336
11.6 The Gaia hypothesis 341
Glossary 345
Bibliography 359
Index 367 |
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| spelling | Issar, Aryē S. 1928- Verfasser (DE-588)111820022 aut Climate change environment and civilization in the Middle East Arie S. Issar ; Mattanyah Zohar 2. ed. Berlin [u.a.] Springer 2007 XXI, 288 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Vor- und Frühgeschichte gnd rswk-swf Vor- und Frühgeschichte (DE-588)4078951-2 gnd rswk-swf Sozialer Wandel (DE-588)4077587-2 gnd rswk-swf Klimaänderung (DE-588)4164199-1 gnd rswk-swf Naher Osten (DE-588)4068878-1 gnd rswk-swf Naher Osten (DE-588)4068878-1 g Klimaänderung (DE-588)4164199-1 s Sozialer Wandel (DE-588)4077587-2 s Vor- und Frühgeschichte z DE-604 Vor- und Frühgeschichte (DE-588)4078951-2 s 1\p DE-604 Zohar, Mattanyah Verfasser aut HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=015675182&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk |
| spellingShingle | Issar, Aryē S. 1928- Zohar, Mattanyah Climate change environment and civilization in the Middle East Vor- und Frühgeschichte (DE-588)4078951-2 gnd Sozialer Wandel (DE-588)4077587-2 gnd Klimaänderung (DE-588)4164199-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4078951-2 (DE-588)4077587-2 (DE-588)4164199-1 (DE-588)4068878-1 |
| title | Climate change environment and civilization in the Middle East |
| title_auth | Climate change environment and civilization in the Middle East |
| title_exact_search | Climate change environment and civilization in the Middle East |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Climate change environment and civilization in the Middle East |
| title_full | Climate change environment and civilization in the Middle East Arie S. Issar ; Mattanyah Zohar |
| title_fullStr | Climate change environment and civilization in the Middle East Arie S. Issar ; Mattanyah Zohar |
| title_full_unstemmed | Climate change environment and civilization in the Middle East Arie S. Issar ; Mattanyah Zohar |
| title_short | Climate change |
| title_sort | climate change environment and civilization in the middle east |
| title_sub | environment and civilization in the Middle East |
| topic | Vor- und Frühgeschichte (DE-588)4078951-2 gnd Sozialer Wandel (DE-588)4077587-2 gnd Klimaänderung (DE-588)4164199-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Vor- und Frühgeschichte Sozialer Wandel Klimaänderung Naher Osten |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=015675182&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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