Emergency radiology: imaging and intervention ; with 49 tables
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Elektronisch E-Book |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Berlin [u.a.]
Springer
2007
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Literaturangaben |
| Beschreibung: | 1 Online-Ressource |
| ISBN: | 9783540262275 354026227X 9783540689089 |
| DOI: | 10.1007/978-3-540-68908-9 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Emergency radiology |b imaging and intervention ; with 49 tables |c Borut Marincek ... (eds.) |
| 264 | 1 | |a Berlin [u.a.] |b Springer |c 2007 | |
| 300 | |a 1 Online-Ressource | ||
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| DE-BY-FWS_katkey | 924986 |
|---|---|
| _version_ | 1806194911155847168 |
| adam_text | SECTION ONE
EMERGENCY RADIOLOGY:
ROLE OF IMAGING
1.1
ROLE OF
IMAGING IN THE MANAGEMENT
OF
TRAUMA VICTIMS
P.-A.POLETTI,A.PLATON,C.D.BECKER
1.1.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3
1.1.2
IMAGING ALGORITHMS FOR TRAUMA PATIENTS . . .
3
1.1.3
SONOGRAPHY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7
1.1.4.
CT
SCAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8
1.1.5
FOLLOW-UP IMAGING DURING CONSERVATIVE
TREATMENT .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20
1.2
ROLE OF
3D IMAGING IN THE
EMERGENCY ROOM
L.HUSMANN,S.LESCHKA,H.ALKADHI,
S.WILDERMUTH
1.2.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25
1.2.2
IMAGING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25
1.2.3
CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35
SECTION TWO
TRAUMATIC INJURIES:
IMAGING AND INTERVENTION
2.1
HEMOSTATIC ARTERIAL EMBOLIZATION
IN TRAUMA VICTIMS AT ADMISSION
R.F.DONDELINGER,G.TROTTEUR,B.GHAYE
2.1.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
41
2.1.2
CLASSIFICATION
OF
TRAUMA
PATIENTS . . . . . . .
41
2.1.3
TRAUMA PATIENT TRIAGE WITH COMPUTED
TOMOGRAPHY .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45
2.1.4
INDICATIONS OF
THERAPEUTIC ARTERIOGRAPHY . .
47
2.1.5
ARTERIOGRAPHIC DEMONSTRATION
OF
POSTTRAUMATIC
HEMORRHAGE . . . . . . . . .
48
2.1.6
ARTERIOGRAPHIC HEMOSTATIC EMBOLIZATION
TECHNIQUE .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
48
2.1.7
ORGAN-SPECIFIC HEMOSTATIC EMBOLIZATION . .
51
2.1.8
CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
58
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
58
2.2
IMAGING AND INTERVENTION IN POST-TRAUMATIC
COMPLICATIONS (DELAYED INTERVENTION)
P.P.
GOFFETTE
2.2.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
61
2.2.2
LIVER
AND
BILE
DUCTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
62
2.2.3
SPLEEN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
75
2.2.4
PANCREAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
83
2.2.5
KIDNEYS,ADRENALS,URINARY
BLADDER . . . . . .
86
2.2.6
GASTROINTESTINAL
TRACT . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
88
2.2.7
VASCULAR
COMPLICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . .
89
2.2.8
DIAPHRAGM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
92
2.2.9
CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
92
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
92
2.3
IMAGING OF
HEAD INJURIES
N.BESYYENSKI
2.3.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
99
2.3.2
CLINICAL
FINDINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
99
2.3.3
IMAGING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
100
2.3.4
BIOMECHANICAL CONSIDERATIONS
OF
BRAIN
INJURY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
102
2.3.5
CLASSIFICATION
OF
BRAIN
INJURY . . . . . . . . .
108
2.3.6
CLOSED-HEAD
INJURY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
109
2.3.7
IMAGING OF
DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY
(SHEARING
INJURY) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
114
2.3.8
EARLY SECONDARY LESIONS IN BRAIN INJURY . . .
118
2.3.9
LATE
SEQUELAE
OF
TRAUMA . . . . . . . . . . . .
120
2.3.10
CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
122
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
123
2.4
IMAGING OF
FACIAL INJURIES
U.
SALVOLINI,
G.
POLONARA,S.SALVOLINI
2.4.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
125
2.4.2
IMAGING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
125
2.4.3
NASAL
FRACTURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
127
2.4.4
COMPLEX
MIDFACIAL
FRACTURES . . . . . . . . .
128
2.4.5
ISOLATED
FRACTURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
131
2.4.6
FOREIGN BODIES AND PENETRATING INJURIES . . .
133
2.4.7
COMPLEX
FACIAL
FRACTURES . . . . . . . . . . .
133
2.4.8
MANDIBULAR
FRACTURES . . . . . . . . . . . . .
136
2.4.9
CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
138
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
138
CONTENTS
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2.5
IMAGING OF
SPINAL INJURIES
H.IMHOF
2.5.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
141
2.5.2
INJURY
ASSESSMENT
AND
IMAGING . . . . . . . .
142
2.5.3
IMAGING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
142
2.5.4.
CLASSIFICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
144
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
153
2.6
IMAGING OF
THORACIC INJURIES
G.GAVELLI,G.NAPOLI,P.BERTACCINI,G.BATTISTA,
R.FATTORI
2.6.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
155
2.6.2
CLINICAL
AND
IMAGING
FINDINGS . . . . . . . . .
156
2.6.3
CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
175
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
176
2.7
VASCULAR INJURIES OF
THE THORAX:
MULTI-DETECTOR-ROW CT AND 3D IMAGING
H.ALKADHI,S.LESCHKA,S.WILDERMUTH
2.7.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
179
2.7.2
CLINICAL
FINDINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
179
2.7.3
IMAGING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
180
2.7.4
CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
187
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
187
2.8
IMAGING OF
ABDOMINAL AND PELVIC INJURIES
S.LESCHKA,H.ALKADHI,L.HUSMANN,
S.WILDERMUTH
2.8.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
189
2.8.2
CLINICAL
FINDINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
190
2.8.3
IMAGING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
191
2.8.4
CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
201
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
201
2.9
IMAGING AND INTERVENTION
OF
LARGE ARTERIAL TRAUMA
M.SCHODER,M.PROKOP,J.LAMMER
2.9.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
205
2.9.2
SUPRAAORTIC
ARCH
VESSELS . . . . . . . . . . . .
206
2.9.3
PELVIC
ARTERIES
AND
LOWER
LIMBS . . . . . . .
208
2.9.4
THORACIC
AORTA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
212
2.9.5
ABDOMINAL
AORTA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
218
2.9.6
ABDOMINAL
AORTIC
BRANCHES . . . . . . . . . .
220
2.9.7
CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
220
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
220
2.10
PELVIC FRACTURES
N.H.THEUMANN,P.SCHNYDER,F.PORTIER
2.10.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
225
2.10.2
INCIDENCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
225
2.10.3
ANATOMY
AND
BIOMECHANICS . . . . . . . . . .
225
2.10.4
IMAGING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
228
2.10.5
CLASSIFICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
231
2.10.6
PELVIC
TRAUMA
MANAGEMENT . . . . . . . . . .
246
2.10.7
COMPLICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
247
2.10.8
CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
248
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
248
2.11
TRAUMATIC INJURIES:
IMAGING
OF
PERIPHERAL MUSCULOSKELETAL INJURIES
M.A.MUELLER,S.WILDERMUTH,K.BOHNDORF
2.11.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
251
2.11.2
GENERAL
PART:
IMAGING
MODALITIES . . . . . . .
251
2.11.3
SOFT
TISSUE
INJURIES
IN
GENERAL . . . . . . . . .
253
2.11.4
UPPER
EXTREMITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
254
2.11.5
LOWER
EXTREMITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
273
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
288
SECTION THREE
NON-TRAUMATIC NEUROLOGIC EMERGENCIES:
IMAGING AND INTERVENTION
3.1
IMAGING OF
CEREBRAL ISCHEMIA
I.GRUNWALD,C.ROTH,P.PAPANAGIOTOU,W.REITH
3.1.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
293
3.1.2
INTRACEREBRAL
HEMORRHAGE . . . . . . . . . . .
293
3.1.3
ACUTE
ISCHEMIC
STROKE . . . . . . . . . . . . .
294
3.1.4
CLINICAL
TERMS
OF STROKE . . . . . . . . . . .
296
3.1.5
LACUNAR
INFARCTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
308
3.1.6
STROKE
IN
CHILDREN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
308
3.1.7
DISSECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
308
3.1.8
HYPOXIC-ISCHEMIC
ENCEPHALOPATHY . . . . . .
309
3.1.9
VENOUS
INFARCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
309
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
310
3.2
NEURORADIOLOGICAL EMERGENCY INTERVENTIONS
C.BREKENFELD,J.GRALLA,R.WIEST,M.EL-KOUSSY,
L.REMONDA,C.OZDOBA,G.SCHROTH
3.2.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
313
3.2.2
ACUTE HAEMORRHAGE IN NEURORADIOLOGY . . .
313
3.2.3
ACUTE
ISCHAEMIC
STROKE . . . . . . . . . . . . .
323
3.2.4
DISCUSSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
326
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
327
SECTION FOUR
NON-TRAUMATIC THORACIC EMERGENCIES:
IMAGING AND INTERVENTION
4.1
ACUTE CHEST PAIN:
DIAGNOSTIC STRATEGIES
L.BONOMO,M.L.STORTO,A.R.LARICI,R.MARANO
4.1.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
331
4.1.2
DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING IN NON-CARDIAC
ACUTE CHEST
PAIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
331
4.1.3
AORTIC
DISEASES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
333
4.1.4
MULTIDECTOR-ROW CT AND ACUTE CHEST PAIN . .
342
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
344
4.2
CT DIAGNOSIS OF
ACUTE PULMONARY EMBOLISM
B.GHAYE AND R.F.DONDELINGER
4.2.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
347
4.2.2
HISTORY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
348
4.2.3
THE
CTPA
TECHNIQUE . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
348
4.2.4
IMAGE
INTERPRETATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
349
4.2.5
ESTIMATION
OF
THE
AGE
OF
THE
EMBOLUS . . . . .
354
CONTENTS
CONTENTS
XI
XI
4.2.6
RESULTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
354
4.2.7
INTERPRETATION
PITFALLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
358
4.2.8
SEVERITY ASSESSMENT
OF
PULMONARY EMBOLISM . . . . . . . . . . . .
361
4.2.9
ALTERNATIVE
DIAGNOSES . . . . . . . . . . . . .
362
4.2.10
OTHER
ADVANTAGES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
363
4.2.11
LIMITATIONS
OF
CTPA . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
364
4.2.12
CT OF
PE IN EMERGENCY CONDITIONS . . . . . .
364
4.2.13
CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
365
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
365
4.3
CT VENOGRAPHY IN AN INTEGRATED DIAGNOSTIC
STRATEGY OF
ACUTE PULMONARY EMBOLISM
AND VENOUS THROMBOSIS
B.GHAYE AND R.F.DONDELINGER
4.3.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
371
4.3.2
HISTORY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
372
4.3.3
DIAGNOSTIC
IMAGING
OF
DVT . . . . . . . . . .
372
4.3.4
DIRECT
CT
VENOGRAPHY . . . . . . . . . . . . .
372
4.3.5
INDIRECT
CT
VENOGRAPHY . . . . . . . . . . . .
373
4.3.6
VENOUS
ANATOMY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
375
4.3.7
IMAGE
INTERPRETATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
378
4.3.8
INTERPRETIVE
PITFALLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
379
4.3.9
POTENTIAL BENEFITS OF
COMBINED CTPA
AND
CTV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
383
4.3.10
CLINICAL
RESULTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
388
4.3.11
CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
388
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
388
4.4
IMAGING AND TREATMENT OF
THORACIC FLUID
AND GAS COLLECTIONS
C.NOUKOUA TCHUISSE,B.GHAYE,R.F.DONDELINGER
4.4.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
391
4.4.2
DIAGNOSTIC
IMAGING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
391
4.4.3
IMAGING
GUIDANCE
MODALITIES . . . . . . . . .
394
4.4.4
PERCUTANEOUS DRAINAGE
OF
THORACIC
FLUID
COLLECTIONS . . . . . . . . .
395
4.4.5
PULMONARY
COLLECTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . .
401
4.4.6
MEDIASTINAL
COLLECTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . .
403
4.4.7
COMPLICATIONS OF
PERCUTANEOUS
CATHETER
DRAINAGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
406
4.4.8
CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
406
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
406
SECTION FIVE
NON-TRAUMATIC ABDOMINAL EMERGENCIES:
IMAGING AND INTERVENTION
5.1
ACUTE ABDOMINAL PAIN:
DIAGNOSTIC STRATEGIES
S.LESCHKA,H.ALKADHI,S.WILDERMUTH,
B.MARINCEK
5.1.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
411
5.1.2
CLINICAL
FINDINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
411
5.1.3
IMAGING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
413
5.1.4
CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
429
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
431
5.2
IMAGING OF
ACUTE INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION
P.
TAOUREL,C.URIOT,G.LAFFARGUE,A.LESNIK,
F.
GUILLON,
J.M.
BRUEL
5.2.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
435
5.2.2
DIAGNOSIS
OF
MECHANICAL
OBSTRUCTION . . . . .
435
5.2.3
DIAGNOSIS
OF
SITE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
437
5.2.4
DIAGNOSIS
OF
CAUSE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
437
5.2.5
DIAGNOSIS
OF
COMPLICATIONS . . . . . . . . . .
446
5.2.6
IMPACT
AND
DIAGNOSTIC
STRATEGY . . . . . . . .
449
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
450
5.3
IMAGING AND INTERVENTION
IN GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE AND ISCHEMIA
J.I.BILBAO JAUREGUIZAR,I.VIVAS PEREZ,
D.
CANO RAFART,A.MARTINEZ DE LA CUESTA
5.3.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
453
5.3.2
GASTROINTESTINAL
HEMORRHAGE . . . . . . . . .
454
5.3.3
INTESTINAL
ISCHEMIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
461
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
467
5.4
IMAGING AND INTERVENTION IN SEPSIS
T.
GEOGHEGAN,M.J.LEE
5.4.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
471
5.4.2
ULTRASOUND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
471
5.4.3
COMPUTED
TOMOGRAPHY . . . . . . . . . . . .
472
5.4.4
RADIONUCLIDE
SCINTIGRAPHY . . . . . . . . . . .
472
5.4.5
DIAGNOSTIC
FLUID
ASPIRATION . . . . . . . . . .
473
5.4.6
PERCUTANEOUS
ABSCESS
DRAINAGE . . . . . . . .
474
5.4.7
RESULTS
OF
PERCUTANEOUS
ABSCESS
DRAINAGE . .
476
5.4.8
CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
479
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
479
5.5
IMAGING AND INTERVENTION
IN ACUTE BILIARY CONDITIONS
Y.
MENU AND M.-P.VUILLERME
5.5.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
481
5.5.2
ACUTE
CHOLECYSTITIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
481
5.5.4
EMPHYSEMATOUS
CHOLECYSTITIS . . . . . . . . .
485
5.5.5
GANGRENOUS
CHOLECYSTITIS . . . . . . . . . . .
485
5.5.6
PERFORATION
OF
THE
GALLBLADDER . . . . . . . . .
485
5.5.7
MIRIZZI
SYNDROME . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
485
5.5.8
CHOLECYSTOSTOMY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
487
5.5.9
ACUTE
CHOLANGITIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
487
5.5.11
CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
491
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
491
5.6
IMAGING AND INTERVENTION
IN ACUTE PANCREATIC CONDITIONS
G.MANSUETO,D.CENZI,A.A.GUMBS,M.D ONOFRIO
5.6.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
493
5.6.2
PANCREATIC
INFECTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
493
5.6.3
INVOLVEMENT OF
ADJACENT ORGANS,STRUCTURES
AND
SPACES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
503
5.6.4
VASCULAR
INVOLVEMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
510
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
519
CONTENTS
XII
5.7
NON-TRAUMATIC URORADIOLOGICAL EMERGENCIES
D.
RICKARDS
5.7.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
523
5.7.2
OBSTRUCTION OF
THE UPPER URINARY TRACT . . .
523
5.7.3
TREATMENT
OF
ACUTE
URINARY
OBSTRUCTION . . .
530
5.7.4
SPONTANEOUS HAEMORRHAGE
FROM THE
URINARY
TRACT . . . . . . . . . . . . .
533
5.7.5
SPONTANEOUS
BLADDER
RUPTURE . . . . . . . . .
534
5.7.6
TESTICULAR
TORSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
534
5.7.7
PRIAPISM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
535
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
535
SECTION SIX
NON-TRAUMATIC VASCULAR EMERGENCIES:
IMAGING AND INTERVENTION
6.1
IMAGING AND INTERVENTION IN ACUTE NON
TRAUMATIC ARTERIAL CONDITIONS
W.
CWIKIEL
6.1.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
539
6.1.2
PULMONARY
AND
BRONCHIAL
ARTERIES . . . . . .
539
6.1.3
ACUTE
ARTERIAL
GASTROINTESTINAL
BLEEDING . . .
544
6.1.4
CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
546
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
546
6.2
IMAGING AND INTERVENTION IN ACUTE VENOUS
OCCLUSION
P.
HAAGE AND T.KRINGS
6.2.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
549
6.2.2
ACUTE VENOUS OCCLUSION
OF
THE
LOWER
EXTREMITY . . . . . . . . . . . . .
549
6.2.3
ACUTE PELVIC VEIN AND INFERIOR VENA
CAVA
OCCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
552
6.2.4
ACUTE
MESENTERIC
VEIN
OCCLUSION . . . . . . .
554
6.2.5
ACUTE VENOUS OCCLUSION OF
THE UPPER
EXTREMITY .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
556
6.2.6
ACUTE VENOUS OCCLUSION OF
ARTERIOVENOUS
HEMODIALYSIS
ACCESS . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
557
6.2.7
ACUTE
CEREBRAL
VEIN
THROMBOSIS . . . . . . .
560
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
568
6.3
MANAGEMENT OF
OCCLUDED HEMODIALYSIS SHUNTS,
GRAFTS,AND VENOUS ACCESS
D.VORWERK
6.3.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
571
6.3.2
CLINICAL
SITUATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
571
6.3.3
COMPLICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
577
6.3.4
TECHNIQUE
OF
FIBRINOLYSIS . . . . . . . . . . .
578
6.3.5
TECHNIQUE
OF
CATHETER
STRIPPING . . . . . . . .
578
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
578
SECTION SEVEN
IMAGING PEDIATRIC EMERGENCIES
7.1
PEDIATRIC NEUROLOGICAL EMERGENCIES
J.W.J.
MCCANN AND E.PHELAN
7.1.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
583
7.1.2
CLINICAL
FINDINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
584
7.1.3
HYPOXIC-ISCHAEMIC
ENCEPHALOPATHY . . . . .
584
7.1.4
THE
PRETERM
INFANT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
585
7.1.5
THE
TERM
INFANT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
587
7.1.6
CONGENITAL
INFECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
588
7.1.7
ACQUIRED
INFECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
589
7.1.8
NON-ACCIDENTAL
INJURY . . . . . . . . . . . . .
590
7.1.9
ACUTE
DISSEMINATED
ENCEPHALOMYELITIS . . . .
592
7.1.10
HYPERTENSIVE
ENCEPHALOPATHY . . . . . . . . .
593
7.1.11
CEREBRAL SINOVENOUS THROMBOSIS
AND
VENOUS
INFARCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . .
594
7.1.12
ARTERIAL
INFARCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
595
7.1.13
METABOLIC
DISORDERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
595
7.1.14
DRUGS:ASPARAGINASE,METHOTREXATE
AND
CYCLOSPORIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
596
7.1.15
EPILEPSY:
STRUCTURAL
ABNORMALITIES . . . . . .
596
7.1.16
ENDOCRINE-RELATED
ENCEPHALOPATHY . . . . . .
597
7.1.17
CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
597
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
597
7.2
THORACIC EMERGENCIES
L.BREYSEM AND M.-H.SMET
7.2.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
601
7.2.2
THE CHEST AND RESPIRATORY TRACT IN CHILDREN:
PHYSIOLOGICAL ASPECTS AND DIFFERENCES
WITH ADULTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
601
7.2.3
CLINICAL
SYMPTOMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
602
7.2.4
IMAGING OF
NON-TRAUMATIC PEDIATRIC
THORACIC
EMERGENCIES . . . . . . . . . . . . .
603
7.2.5
IMAGING OF
TRAUMATIC PEDIATRIC THORACIC
EMERGENCIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
617
7.2.6
CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
618
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
618
7.3
NON-TRAUMATIC ABDOMINAL EMERGENCIES
M.I.TAWIL
7.3.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
621
7.3.2
IMAGING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
622
7.3.3
THE
DISEASES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
623
7.3.4
CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
642
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
642
SUBJECT INDEX
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
653
|
| adam_txt |
SECTION ONE
EMERGENCY RADIOLOGY:
ROLE OF IMAGING
1.1
ROLE OF
IMAGING IN THE MANAGEMENT
OF
TRAUMA VICTIMS
P.-A.POLETTI,A.PLATON,C.D.BECKER
1.1.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3
1.1.2
IMAGING ALGORITHMS FOR TRAUMA PATIENTS . . .
3
1.1.3
SONOGRAPHY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7
1.1.4.
CT
SCAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8
1.1.5
FOLLOW-UP IMAGING DURING CONSERVATIVE
TREATMENT .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20
1.2
ROLE OF
3D IMAGING IN THE
EMERGENCY ROOM
L.HUSMANN,S.LESCHKA,H.ALKADHI,
S.WILDERMUTH
1.2.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25
1.2.2
IMAGING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25
1.2.3
CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35
SECTION TWO
TRAUMATIC INJURIES:
IMAGING AND INTERVENTION
2.1
HEMOSTATIC ARTERIAL EMBOLIZATION
IN TRAUMA VICTIMS AT ADMISSION
R.F.DONDELINGER,G.TROTTEUR,B.GHAYE
2.1.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
41
2.1.2
CLASSIFICATION
OF
TRAUMA
PATIENTS . . . . . . .
41
2.1.3
TRAUMA PATIENT TRIAGE WITH COMPUTED
TOMOGRAPHY .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45
2.1.4
INDICATIONS OF
THERAPEUTIC ARTERIOGRAPHY . .
47
2.1.5
ARTERIOGRAPHIC DEMONSTRATION
OF
POSTTRAUMATIC
HEMORRHAGE . . . . . . . . .
48
2.1.6
ARTERIOGRAPHIC HEMOSTATIC EMBOLIZATION
TECHNIQUE .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
48
2.1.7
ORGAN-SPECIFIC HEMOSTATIC EMBOLIZATION . .
51
2.1.8
CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
58
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
58
2.2
IMAGING AND INTERVENTION IN POST-TRAUMATIC
COMPLICATIONS (DELAYED INTERVENTION)
P.P.
GOFFETTE
2.2.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
61
2.2.2
LIVER
AND
BILE
DUCTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
62
2.2.3
SPLEEN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
75
2.2.4
PANCREAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
83
2.2.5
KIDNEYS,ADRENALS,URINARY
BLADDER . . . . . .
86
2.2.6
GASTROINTESTINAL
TRACT . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
88
2.2.7
VASCULAR
COMPLICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . .
89
2.2.8
DIAPHRAGM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
92
2.2.9
CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
92
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
92
2.3
IMAGING OF
HEAD INJURIES
N.BESYYENSKI
2.3.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
99
2.3.2
CLINICAL
FINDINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
99
2.3.3
IMAGING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
100
2.3.4
BIOMECHANICAL CONSIDERATIONS
OF
BRAIN
INJURY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
102
2.3.5
CLASSIFICATION
OF
BRAIN
INJURY . . . . . . . . .
108
2.3.6
CLOSED-HEAD
INJURY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
109
2.3.7
IMAGING OF
DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY
(SHEARING
INJURY) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
114
2.3.8
EARLY SECONDARY LESIONS IN BRAIN INJURY . . .
118
2.3.9
LATE
SEQUELAE
OF
TRAUMA . . . . . . . . . . . .
120
2.3.10
CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
122
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
123
2.4
IMAGING OF
FACIAL INJURIES
U.
SALVOLINI,
G.
POLONARA,S.SALVOLINI
2.4.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
125
2.4.2
IMAGING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
125
2.4.3
NASAL
FRACTURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
127
2.4.4
COMPLEX
MIDFACIAL
FRACTURES . . . . . . . . .
128
2.4.5
ISOLATED
FRACTURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
131
2.4.6
FOREIGN BODIES AND PENETRATING INJURIES . . .
133
2.4.7
COMPLEX
FACIAL
FRACTURES . . . . . . . . . . .
133
2.4.8
MANDIBULAR
FRACTURES . . . . . . . . . . . . .
136
2.4.9
CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
138
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
138
CONTENTS
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2.5
IMAGING OF
SPINAL INJURIES
H.IMHOF
2.5.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
141
2.5.2
INJURY
ASSESSMENT
AND
IMAGING . . . . . . . .
142
2.5.3
IMAGING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
142
2.5.4.
CLASSIFICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
144
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
153
2.6
IMAGING OF
THORACIC INJURIES
G.GAVELLI,G.NAPOLI,P.BERTACCINI,G.BATTISTA,
R.FATTORI
2.6.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
155
2.6.2
CLINICAL
AND
IMAGING
FINDINGS . . . . . . . . .
156
2.6.3
CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
175
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
176
2.7
VASCULAR INJURIES OF
THE THORAX:
MULTI-DETECTOR-ROW CT AND 3D IMAGING
H.ALKADHI,S.LESCHKA,S.WILDERMUTH
2.7.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
179
2.7.2
CLINICAL
FINDINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
179
2.7.3
IMAGING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
180
2.7.4
CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
187
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
187
2.8
IMAGING OF
ABDOMINAL AND PELVIC INJURIES
S.LESCHKA,H.ALKADHI,L.HUSMANN,
S.WILDERMUTH
2.8.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
189
2.8.2
CLINICAL
FINDINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
190
2.8.3
IMAGING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
191
2.8.4
CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
201
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
201
2.9
IMAGING AND INTERVENTION
OF
LARGE ARTERIAL TRAUMA
M.SCHODER,M.PROKOP,J.LAMMER
2.9.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
205
2.9.2
SUPRAAORTIC
ARCH
VESSELS . . . . . . . . . . . .
206
2.9.3
PELVIC
ARTERIES
AND
LOWER
LIMBS . . . . . . .
208
2.9.4
THORACIC
AORTA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
212
2.9.5
ABDOMINAL
AORTA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
218
2.9.6
ABDOMINAL
AORTIC
BRANCHES . . . . . . . . . .
220
2.9.7
CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
220
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
220
2.10
PELVIC FRACTURES
N.H.THEUMANN,P.SCHNYDER,F.PORTIER
2.10.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
225
2.10.2
INCIDENCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
225
2.10.3
ANATOMY
AND
BIOMECHANICS . . . . . . . . . .
225
2.10.4
IMAGING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
228
2.10.5
CLASSIFICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
231
2.10.6
PELVIC
TRAUMA
MANAGEMENT . . . . . . . . . .
246
2.10.7
COMPLICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
247
2.10.8
CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
248
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
248
2.11
TRAUMATIC INJURIES:
IMAGING
OF
PERIPHERAL MUSCULOSKELETAL INJURIES
M.A.MUELLER,S.WILDERMUTH,K.BOHNDORF
2.11.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
251
2.11.2
GENERAL
PART:
IMAGING
MODALITIES . . . . . . .
251
2.11.3
SOFT
TISSUE
INJURIES
IN
GENERAL . . . . . . . . .
253
2.11.4
UPPER
EXTREMITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
254
2.11.5
LOWER
EXTREMITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
273
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
288
SECTION THREE
NON-TRAUMATIC NEUROLOGIC EMERGENCIES:
IMAGING AND INTERVENTION
3.1
IMAGING OF
CEREBRAL ISCHEMIA
I.GRUNWALD,C.ROTH,P.PAPANAGIOTOU,W.REITH
3.1.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
293
3.1.2
INTRACEREBRAL
HEMORRHAGE . . . . . . . . . . .
293
3.1.3
ACUTE
ISCHEMIC
STROKE . . . . . . . . . . . . .
294
3.1.4
CLINICAL
TERMS
OF"STROKE" . . . . . . . . . . .
296
3.1.5
LACUNAR
INFARCTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
308
3.1.6
STROKE
IN
CHILDREN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
308
3.1.7
DISSECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
308
3.1.8
HYPOXIC-ISCHEMIC
ENCEPHALOPATHY . . . . . .
309
3.1.9
VENOUS
INFARCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
309
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
310
3.2
NEURORADIOLOGICAL EMERGENCY INTERVENTIONS
C.BREKENFELD,J.GRALLA,R.WIEST,M.EL-KOUSSY,
L.REMONDA,C.OZDOBA,G.SCHROTH
3.2.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
313
3.2.2
ACUTE HAEMORRHAGE IN NEURORADIOLOGY . . .
313
3.2.3
ACUTE
ISCHAEMIC
STROKE . . . . . . . . . . . . .
323
3.2.4
DISCUSSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
326
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
327
SECTION FOUR
NON-TRAUMATIC THORACIC EMERGENCIES:
IMAGING AND INTERVENTION
4.1
ACUTE CHEST PAIN:
DIAGNOSTIC STRATEGIES
L.BONOMO,M.L.STORTO,A.R.LARICI,R.MARANO
4.1.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
331
4.1.2
DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING IN NON-CARDIAC
ACUTE CHEST
PAIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
331
4.1.3
AORTIC
DISEASES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
333
4.1.4
MULTIDECTOR-ROW CT AND ACUTE CHEST PAIN . .
342
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
344
4.2
CT DIAGNOSIS OF
ACUTE PULMONARY EMBOLISM
B.GHAYE AND R.F.DONDELINGER
4.2.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
347
4.2.2
HISTORY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
348
4.2.3
THE
CTPA
TECHNIQUE . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
348
4.2.4
IMAGE
INTERPRETATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
349
4.2.5
ESTIMATION
OF
THE
AGE
OF
THE
EMBOLUS . . . . .
354
CONTENTS
CONTENTS
XI
XI
4.2.6
RESULTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
354
4.2.7
INTERPRETATION
PITFALLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
358
4.2.8
SEVERITY ASSESSMENT
OF
PULMONARY EMBOLISM . . . . . . . . . . . .
361
4.2.9
ALTERNATIVE
DIAGNOSES . . . . . . . . . . . . .
362
4.2.10
OTHER
ADVANTAGES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
363
4.2.11
LIMITATIONS
OF
CTPA . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
364
4.2.12
CT OF
PE IN EMERGENCY CONDITIONS . . . . . .
364
4.2.13
CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
365
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
365
4.3
CT VENOGRAPHY IN AN INTEGRATED DIAGNOSTIC
STRATEGY OF
ACUTE PULMONARY EMBOLISM
AND VENOUS THROMBOSIS
B.GHAYE AND R.F.DONDELINGER
4.3.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
371
4.3.2
HISTORY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
372
4.3.3
DIAGNOSTIC
IMAGING
OF
DVT . . . . . . . . . .
372
4.3.4
DIRECT
CT
VENOGRAPHY . . . . . . . . . . . . .
372
4.3.5
INDIRECT
CT
VENOGRAPHY . . . . . . . . . . . .
373
4.3.6
VENOUS
ANATOMY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
375
4.3.7
IMAGE
INTERPRETATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
378
4.3.8
INTERPRETIVE
PITFALLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
379
4.3.9
POTENTIAL BENEFITS OF
COMBINED CTPA
AND
CTV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
383
4.3.10
CLINICAL
RESULTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
388
4.3.11
CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
388
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
388
4.4
IMAGING AND TREATMENT OF
THORACIC FLUID
AND GAS COLLECTIONS
C.NOUKOUA TCHUISSE,B.GHAYE,R.F.DONDELINGER
4.4.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
391
4.4.2
DIAGNOSTIC
IMAGING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
391
4.4.3
IMAGING
GUIDANCE
MODALITIES . . . . . . . . .
394
4.4.4
PERCUTANEOUS DRAINAGE
OF
THORACIC
FLUID
COLLECTIONS . . . . . . . . .
395
4.4.5
PULMONARY
COLLECTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . .
401
4.4.6
MEDIASTINAL
COLLECTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . .
403
4.4.7
COMPLICATIONS OF
PERCUTANEOUS
CATHETER
DRAINAGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
406
4.4.8
CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
406
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
406
SECTION FIVE
NON-TRAUMATIC ABDOMINAL EMERGENCIES:
IMAGING AND INTERVENTION
5.1
ACUTE ABDOMINAL PAIN:
DIAGNOSTIC STRATEGIES
S.LESCHKA,H.ALKADHI,S.WILDERMUTH,
B.MARINCEK
5.1.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
411
5.1.2
CLINICAL
FINDINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
411
5.1.3
IMAGING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
413
5.1.4
CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
429
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
431
5.2
IMAGING OF
ACUTE INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION
P.
TAOUREL,C.URIOT,G.LAFFARGUE,A.LESNIK,
F.
GUILLON,
J.M.
BRUEL
5.2.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
435
5.2.2
DIAGNOSIS
OF
MECHANICAL
OBSTRUCTION . . . . .
435
5.2.3
DIAGNOSIS
OF
SITE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
437
5.2.4
DIAGNOSIS
OF
CAUSE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
437
5.2.5
DIAGNOSIS
OF
COMPLICATIONS . . . . . . . . . .
446
5.2.6
IMPACT
AND
DIAGNOSTIC
STRATEGY . . . . . . . .
449
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
450
5.3
IMAGING AND INTERVENTION
IN GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE AND ISCHEMIA
J.I.BILBAO JAUREGUIZAR,I.VIVAS PEREZ,
D.
CANO RAFART,A.MARTINEZ DE LA CUESTA
5.3.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
453
5.3.2
GASTROINTESTINAL
HEMORRHAGE . . . . . . . . .
454
5.3.3
INTESTINAL
ISCHEMIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
461
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
467
5.4
IMAGING AND INTERVENTION IN SEPSIS
T.
GEOGHEGAN,M.J.LEE
5.4.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
471
5.4.2
ULTRASOUND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
471
5.4.3
COMPUTED
TOMOGRAPHY . . . . . . . . . . . .
472
5.4.4
RADIONUCLIDE
SCINTIGRAPHY . . . . . . . . . . .
472
5.4.5
DIAGNOSTIC
FLUID
ASPIRATION . . . . . . . . . .
473
5.4.6
PERCUTANEOUS
ABSCESS
DRAINAGE . . . . . . . .
474
5.4.7
RESULTS
OF
PERCUTANEOUS
ABSCESS
DRAINAGE . .
476
5.4.8
CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
479
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
479
5.5
IMAGING AND INTERVENTION
IN ACUTE BILIARY CONDITIONS
Y.
MENU AND M.-P.VUILLERME
5.5.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
481
5.5.2
ACUTE
CHOLECYSTITIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
481
5.5.4
EMPHYSEMATOUS
CHOLECYSTITIS . . . . . . . . .
485
5.5.5
GANGRENOUS
CHOLECYSTITIS . . . . . . . . . . .
485
5.5.6
PERFORATION
OF
THE
GALLBLADDER . . . . . . . . .
485
5.5.7
MIRIZZI
SYNDROME . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
485
5.5.8
CHOLECYSTOSTOMY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
487
5.5.9
ACUTE
CHOLANGITIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
487
5.5.11
CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
491
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
491
5.6
IMAGING AND INTERVENTION
IN ACUTE PANCREATIC CONDITIONS
G.MANSUETO,D.CENZI,A.A.GUMBS,M.D'ONOFRIO
5.6.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
493
5.6.2
PANCREATIC
INFECTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
493
5.6.3
INVOLVEMENT OF
ADJACENT ORGANS,STRUCTURES
AND
SPACES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
503
5.6.4
VASCULAR
INVOLVEMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
510
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
519
CONTENTS
XII
5.7
NON-TRAUMATIC URORADIOLOGICAL EMERGENCIES
D.
RICKARDS
5.7.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
523
5.7.2
OBSTRUCTION OF
THE UPPER URINARY TRACT . . .
523
5.7.3
TREATMENT
OF
ACUTE
URINARY
OBSTRUCTION . . .
530
5.7.4
SPONTANEOUS HAEMORRHAGE
FROM THE
URINARY
TRACT . . . . . . . . . . . . .
533
5.7.5
SPONTANEOUS
BLADDER
RUPTURE . . . . . . . . .
534
5.7.6
TESTICULAR
TORSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
534
5.7.7
PRIAPISM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
535
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
535
SECTION SIX
NON-TRAUMATIC VASCULAR EMERGENCIES:
IMAGING AND INTERVENTION
6.1
IMAGING AND INTERVENTION IN ACUTE NON
TRAUMATIC ARTERIAL CONDITIONS
W.
CWIKIEL
6.1.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
539
6.1.2
PULMONARY
AND
BRONCHIAL
ARTERIES . . . . . .
539
6.1.3
ACUTE
ARTERIAL
GASTROINTESTINAL
BLEEDING . . .
544
6.1.4
CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
546
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
546
6.2
IMAGING AND INTERVENTION IN ACUTE VENOUS
OCCLUSION
P.
HAAGE AND T.KRINGS
6.2.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
549
6.2.2
ACUTE VENOUS OCCLUSION
OF
THE
LOWER
EXTREMITY . . . . . . . . . . . . .
549
6.2.3
ACUTE PELVIC VEIN AND INFERIOR VENA
CAVA
OCCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
552
6.2.4
ACUTE
MESENTERIC
VEIN
OCCLUSION . . . . . . .
554
6.2.5
ACUTE VENOUS OCCLUSION OF
THE UPPER
EXTREMITY .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
556
6.2.6
ACUTE VENOUS OCCLUSION OF
ARTERIOVENOUS
HEMODIALYSIS
ACCESS . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
557
6.2.7
ACUTE
CEREBRAL
VEIN
THROMBOSIS . . . . . . .
560
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
568
6.3
MANAGEMENT OF
OCCLUDED HEMODIALYSIS SHUNTS,
GRAFTS,AND VENOUS ACCESS
D.VORWERK
6.3.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
571
6.3.2
CLINICAL
SITUATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
571
6.3.3
COMPLICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
577
6.3.4
TECHNIQUE
OF
FIBRINOLYSIS . . . . . . . . . . .
578
6.3.5
TECHNIQUE
OF
CATHETER
STRIPPING . . . . . . . .
578
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
578
SECTION SEVEN
IMAGING PEDIATRIC EMERGENCIES
7.1
PEDIATRIC NEUROLOGICAL EMERGENCIES
J.W.J.
MCCANN AND E.PHELAN
7.1.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
583
7.1.2
CLINICAL
FINDINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
584
7.1.3
HYPOXIC-ISCHAEMIC
ENCEPHALOPATHY . . . . .
584
7.1.4
THE
PRETERM
INFANT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
585
7.1.5
THE
TERM
INFANT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
587
7.1.6
CONGENITAL
INFECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
588
7.1.7
ACQUIRED
INFECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
589
7.1.8
NON-ACCIDENTAL
INJURY . . . . . . . . . . . . .
590
7.1.9
ACUTE
DISSEMINATED
ENCEPHALOMYELITIS . . . .
592
7.1.10
HYPERTENSIVE
ENCEPHALOPATHY . . . . . . . . .
593
7.1.11
CEREBRAL SINOVENOUS THROMBOSIS
AND
VENOUS
INFARCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . .
594
7.1.12
ARTERIAL
INFARCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
595
7.1.13
METABOLIC
DISORDERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
595
7.1.14
DRUGS:ASPARAGINASE,METHOTREXATE
AND
CYCLOSPORIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
596
7.1.15
EPILEPSY:
STRUCTURAL
ABNORMALITIES . . . . . .
596
7.1.16
ENDOCRINE-RELATED
ENCEPHALOPATHY . . . . . .
597
7.1.17
CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
597
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
597
7.2
THORACIC EMERGENCIES
L.BREYSEM AND M.-H.SMET
7.2.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
601
7.2.2
THE CHEST AND RESPIRATORY TRACT IN CHILDREN:
PHYSIOLOGICAL ASPECTS AND DIFFERENCES
WITH ADULTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
601
7.2.3
CLINICAL
SYMPTOMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
602
7.2.4
IMAGING OF
NON-TRAUMATIC PEDIATRIC
THORACIC
EMERGENCIES . . . . . . . . . . . . .
603
7.2.5
IMAGING OF
TRAUMATIC PEDIATRIC THORACIC
EMERGENCIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
617
7.2.6
CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
618
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
618
7.3
NON-TRAUMATIC ABDOMINAL EMERGENCIES
M.I.TAWIL
7.3.1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
621
7.3.2
IMAGING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
622
7.3.3
THE
DISEASES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
623
7.3.4
CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
642
REFERENCES .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
642
SUBJECT INDEX
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
653 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| any_adam_object_boolean | 1 |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1089194439 |
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| discipline | Medizin |
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| index_date | 2024-07-02T17:39:28Z |
| indexdate | 2024-08-01T16:14:55Z |
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| spellingShingle | Emergency radiology imaging and intervention ; with 49 tables Notfallmedizin (DE-588)4042676-2 gnd Radiologische Diagnostik (DE-588)4048214-5 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4042676-2 (DE-588)4048214-5 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
| title | Emergency radiology imaging and intervention ; with 49 tables |
| title_auth | Emergency radiology imaging and intervention ; with 49 tables |
| title_exact_search | Emergency radiology imaging and intervention ; with 49 tables |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Emergency radiology imaging and intervention ; with 49 tables |
| title_full | Emergency radiology imaging and intervention ; with 49 tables Borut Marincek ... (eds.) |
| title_fullStr | Emergency radiology imaging and intervention ; with 49 tables Borut Marincek ... (eds.) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Emergency radiology imaging and intervention ; with 49 tables Borut Marincek ... (eds.) |
| title_short | Emergency radiology |
| title_sort | emergency radiology imaging and intervention with 49 tables |
| title_sub | imaging and intervention ; with 49 tables |
| topic | Notfallmedizin (DE-588)4042676-2 gnd Radiologische Diagnostik (DE-588)4048214-5 gnd |
| topic_facet | Notfallmedizin Radiologische Diagnostik Aufsatzsammlung |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68908-9 http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=015666932&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT marincekborut emergencyradiologyimagingandinterventionwith49tables |