Cases and materials on the law of restitution:
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| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Oxford [u.a.]
Oxford Univ. Press
2007
|
| Edition: | 2. ed. |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | LIII, 1045 S. |
| ISBN: | 0199296510 9780199296514 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Cases and materials on the law of restitution |c Andrew Burrows and Ewan McKendrick and James Edelman |
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| 650 | 4 | |a Restitution |v Cases | |
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| 650 | 4 | |a Unjust enrichment |v Cases | |
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Record in the Search Index
| _version_ | 1804136468073938944 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | CONTENTS
Preface
vii
Acknowledgements
ix
Table of Cases
lxv
Table of Legislation
li
1
UNJUST ENRICHMENT AND COMPETING THEORIES
1
1
The Contribution of Lord Mansfield
4
Moses
v
Macferhm
4
2
The Implied Contract Theory
6
Sinclair
v
Brougham
6
WS Holdsworth,
Unjustifiable Enrichment
9
3
The Recognition of the Principle against Unjust Enrichment
9
Restatement of the Law of Restitution
ss
1-3,160 9
WA Seavey
and AW Scott, Restitution
9
Fibrosa Spolka
Akcyjna
v
Fairbairn Lawson Combe Barbour Ltd
12
Deglman
v
Guaranty Trust Co. of Canada and Constantineau
18
R
Goff
and
G
Jones, The Law of Restitution
( 1st
edn,
1966) 19
Pavey and Matthews Pty. Ltd
v
Paul
22
Lipkin Gorman
v Karpnale
Ltd
28
Westdeutsche
Landesbank Girozentrale
v
Islington London Borough Council
40
4
Birks Focus on the Cause of Action of Unjust Enrichment
41
P
Birks, Restitution
—
The Future
41
P
Birks, Misnomer
42
P
Birks, Unjust Enrichment
(2nd
edn,
2005) 46
5
Corrective Justice and Unjust Enrichment
48
К
Barker, Unjust Enrichment: Containing the Beast 4S
L
Smith, Restitution: The Heart of Corrective Justice
50
6
Modern-Day Sceptics
54
S Stoljar,
Unjust Enrichment ami Unjust Sacrifice
54
S Hedley,
Unjust Enrichment and the Basis of Restitution
—
An
Overworked Concept
55
S
Hedley, Restitution: Its Division and Ordering
59
I Jackman, The Varieties of Restitution
62
J
Dietrich, Restitution
—
Л
New Perspective
65
P
Jaffey, The Nature and Scope of Restitution
69
2
THE ESSENTIAL INGREDIENTS OF A CLAIM FOR RESTITUTION
OF AN UNJUST ENRICHMENT
71
1
Benefit
71
XIV CONTENTS
( 1 )
The benefit issue analysed by the judiciary
72
BP Exploration Co. (Libya) Ltd
v
Hunt (No
2) 72
Procter
&
Gamble Philippine Manufacturing Corp
v
Peter Cremer
GmbH
73
Peel (Regional Municipality)
v
Canada
74
Rowe
v
Vale of White Horse District Council
76
Cressman
v
Coys of Kensington (Sales) Ltd
77
(2)
Academic analysis of the benefit issue
84
A Burrows, Free Acceptance and the Law of Restitution
84
M
Garner, The Role of Subjective Benefit in the Law of Unjust
Enrichment
86
J
Beatson, The Use and Abuse of Unjust Enrichment
90
P
Birks, In Defence of Free Acceptance
93
(3)
Unjust sacrifice
101
S Stoljar,
Unjust Enrichment and Unjust Sacrifice
101
G A
Muir,
Unjust Sacrifice and the Officious Intervener
103
(4)
Two problematic cases
106
Planché
v
Colburn
106
Greenwood
v
Bennett
107
2
At the Claimant s Expense
109
(1)
The correspondence question
110
M Mclnnes,
At the Plaintiff s Expense : Quantifying
Restitutionary Relief
110
P
Birks, Unjust Enrichment
(2nd
edn,
2005) 113
ReBHT(UK)Ltd
115
(2)
The directness question
116
(i) Interceptive subtraction?
116
P
Birks, Unjust Enrichment
(2nd
edn,
2005) 116
L
Smith, Three-Party Restitution: A Critique of Birks Theory
of Interceptive Subtraction
117
(ii) Leapfrogging?
119
P
Birks, Unjust Enrichment
(2nd
edn,
2005) 119
Pan Ocean Shipping Ltd
v Creditcorp
Ltd (The Trident Beauty)
122
Khan
v
Permayer
128
Uren v
First National Home Finance Ltd
130
3
Was the Enrichment Unjust?
133
( 1 )
Unjust Factors and Incremental Development from Them
134
Uren v
First National Home Finance Ltd
134
(2)
Birks and Chambers Structuring of the Unjust Factors
135
P
Birks and
R
Chambers, The Restitution Research Resource 1
997 135
(3)
Birks* New Absence of Basis Scheme
137
P
Birks, Unjust Enrichment
(2nd
edn,
2005) 137
(4)
The Canadian Approach to the Unjust Question
- 138
Rathwell
v
Rathwell
138
CONTENTS
XV
Garland
v
Consumers Gas Co.
140
4
Defences
145
3
MISTAKE
147
1
Mistaken Payments
147
(1)
Mistakes of fact
147
Kelty v
Solari
147
Aiken
v
Short
149
Morgan
v
Ashcroft 150
Barclays Bank LtdvWJ Simms Ltd
153
Ρ
Matthews, Money Paid Under Mistake of Fact
162
Lloyds Bank pic
ν
Independent Insurance Co. Ltd
163
Dextra
Bank
&
Trust Co. Ltd
ν
Bank of Jamaica
165
(2)
Mistakes of law
167
Bilbie
ν
Lumley
167
Kleinwort
Benson Ltd
ν
Lincoln City Council
167
Nurdin
&
Peacock pic
ν
DB Ramsden
&
Co. Ltd
183
2
Benefits in Kind Rendered by Mistake
187
Greenwood
ν
Bennett
187
Torts (Interference with Goods) Act
1977,
ss
1, 3(7)
and
6 188
County of
Carleton v
City of Ottawa
188
Banque Financière de la Cité
v
Parc
(Battersea) Ltd
190
3
Rescission of an Executed Contract Entered Into by Mistake
195
Newbigging
v
Adam
196
Whittington
v
Seale-Hayne
199
Car and Universal Finance Co. Ltd
v Caldwell
201
4
IGNORANCE
203
1
The Position at Common Law
—
Strict Liability Subject to Defences
204
Holiday
v
Sigil
204
Banque Belge pour L Etranger
v Hambrouck
204
Agip (Africa)
Ltd
v Jackson
209
E
McKendrick, Tracing Misdirected Funds
213
Lipkin Gorman
v Karpnale
Ltd
219
E
McKendrick, Restitution, Misdirected Funds and Change of Position
219
2
The Predominant Position in Equity
—
Knowing Receipt and Dealing
225
(1)
Dishonesty required
225
Carl-Zeiss
Stiftung
v
Herbert Smith
&
Co. (No
2) 225
Re Montagu s Settlement Trusts
229
(2)
Negligence held to be sufficient
232
Belmont Finance Corp
v
Williams Furniture Ltd (No
2) 232
(3)
Unconscionability as the test
233
BCCI (Overseas) Ltd
v
Akindele
233
XVI
CONTENTS
3
The Exceptional Position in Equity
—
Strict Liability Subject to Defences
and to Exhausting Remedies Against Defaulting Fiduciary
237
Ministry of Health
v
Simpson (sub
nom.
Re Diplock)
237
4
A Preferable Analysis?: Ignorance and Strict Liability Subject to Defences
239
Ρ
Birks, Misdirected Funds: Restitution from the Recipient
239
Lord Nicholls, Knowing Receipt: The Need for a New Landmark
245
5
FAILURE OF CONSIDERATION
249
1
The Meaning of Consideration
251
Roxborough
v Rothmans
of Pall Mall Ltd
252
Chillingworth
v
Esche
254
2
Contracts Discharged for Breach
256
( 1 )
Claim by the innocent party for the recovery of money paid
257
Giles
v
Edwards
257
Hunt
v
Silk
257
Bush
v
Canfield
259
Rowland
v
Divall
261
Yeoman Credit Ltd
v Apps
263
D O
Ferguson
&
Associates
ν Μ
Sohl 264
Baltic Shipping Company
v
Dillon (The Mikhail
Lermontov)
267
(2)
Claim by the innocent party for the value of work done
279
Planché
v Colburn
279
De
Bernardy v
Harding
280
Boomer v
Muir
280
Taylor
v Motability Finance
Ltd
284
(3)
Claim by the party in breach for the recovery of money paid
287
Dies
v
British and International Mining and Finance Co.
287
Rover International Ltd
v
Cannon Film Sales Ltd
290
Stocznia Gdańska
SA v
Latvian Shipping Co.
294
(4)
Claim by the party in breach for the value of work done
297
Sumpter
v
Hedges
298
Pecuniary Restitution on Breach of Contract
(1975)
Law Commission
Working Paper No.
65 302
Pecuniary Restitution on Breach of Contract
(1983)
Law Com.
No.
121 303
В
McFarlane and
R
Stevens, In Defence of Sumpter
v
Hedges
305
3
Contracts Discharged by Frustration
313
( 1 )
The Law Reform (Frustrated Contracts) Act
1943 314
Law Reform (Frustrated Contracts) Act
1943,
ss.
1,
2(3)-(5)
314
BP Exploration Co. (Libya) Ltd
v
Hunt (No.
2) 316
Gamerco
SA v ICM/Fair
Warning (Agency) Ltd
327
(2)
Developments in the Commonwealth
329
Frustrated Contracts Act
1996
(British Columbia),
ss.
5-8 329
E McKendrick,
Frustration, Restitution and Loss Apportionment
330
CONTENTS XVII
4
Work Done in Anticipation of a Contract Which Does not Materialize
332
William Lacey (Honnslow) Ltd
v
Davis
333
British Steel Corporation
v
Cleveland Bridge and Engineering Co. Ltd
336
Regalian Properties Ltd
v
London Docklands Development Corporation
337
Countrywide Communications Ltd
v ICL
Pathway Ltd
343
E McKendrick,
Work done in Anticipation of a Contract which does not
Materalise
348
5
Contracts Which are Unenforceable for Want of Formality
355
Thomas
v
Brown
356
6
Void Contracts
356
Craven-Ellis
v
Canons Ltd
356
Rover International Ltd
v
Cannon Film Sales Ltd
358
Westdeutsche
Landesbank Girozentrale
v
Islington
London
Borough Council
362
Guinness
Mohon
&
Co. Ltd
v
Kensington and Chelsea Royal London
Borough Council
369
Ρ
Birks, Unjust Enrichment
(2nd
edn,
2005) 382
Goss
ν
Chilcott
384
7
Subsisting Contracts
386
Roxborough
v Rothmans
of Pall Mall Ltd
386
Ρ
Birks, Failure of Consideration and its Place on the Map
389
J
Beatson and
G
Virgo, Contract, Unjust Enrichment and
Unconscionabiłity
390
8
Free Acceptance
392
Rowe
v
Vale of White Horse District Council
393
6
ILLEGITIMATE PRESSURE
397
1
Duress of the Person
399
Barton
v
Armstrong
399
2
Duress of Goods
404
Astley
v
Reynolds
404
Skeate
v
Beale
404
3
Economic Duress
405
North Ocean Shipping Co. Ltd
v
Hyundai Construction Co. Ltd (The
Atlantic Baron)
405
Pao
On
v
Lau Yiu
Long
411
Universe Tankships of Monrovia
v
International Transport Words
Federation
413
В
&
S
Contracts and Design Ltd
v
Victor Green Publications Ltd
417
Crescendo Management Pty. Ltd
v
Westpac Banking Corp.
420
P
Birks The Travails of Duress
421
Dimskal Shipping Co.
SA v
International Transport Workers Federation
422
CTN Cash and Carry Ltd
v Gallaher
426
Huyton
SA v
Peter Cremer GmbH
&
Co.
429
R v
Attorney-General for England and Wales
433
Xviii
CONTENTS
4
Threats to Prosecute or Sue or Publish Information
435
Williams
v Bayley
436
Silsbee
v
Webber
438
Mutual Finance Ltd
v
John Wetton
&
Sons Ltd
440
Norreys
v
Zeffert
442
Ρ
Birks and Chin Nyuk Yin, On the Nature of Undue Influence
443
7
UNDUE INFLUENCE AND EXPLOITATION OF WEAKNESS
447
1
Relational Undue Influence
448
Allcard
ν
Skinner
448
Royal Bank of Scotland
v Etridge
(No
2) 457
JR v
Attorney-General for England and Wales
474
National Commercial Bank (Jamaica) Ltd
ν
Hew
476
2
The Role of Unconscionable Conduct
480
Louth
ν
Diprose
480
3
(Exploitation of) the Mental Inadequacy of the Claimant
486
Fry
ν
Lane
486
Creswell
ν
Potter
488
Boustany
ν
Pigott
490
Credit
Lyonnais
Bank
Nederland NV
v Burch
492
4
(Exploitation of) the Economic Weakness of the Claimant
494
Earl of Aylesford
ν
Morris
494
Alec Lobb (Garages) Ltd
ν
Total Oil (Great Britain) Ltd
495
5
(Exploitation of) the Difficult Circumstances in Which the Claimant
Finds Himself
498
The Medina
498
The Port Caledonia and The Anna
499
6
Illegality Designed to Protect the Vulnerable Class, to which the
Claimant Belongs, from Exploitation
500
Green
ν
Portsmouth Stadium Ltd
500
LEGAL COMPULSION: COMPULSORY DISCHARGE OF ANOTHER
S
LEGAL LIABILITY
503
1
С
Discharges D s Liability to X in Order to Recover His (C s) Goods
504
Exall
ν
Partridge
504
Edmunds
ν
Wallingford 505
2
С
Discharges D s Liability to X where
С
and
D
are Under a Common
Liability to X but C s Liability is Secondary
507
Moule
v Garrett
507
Gebhardt
ν
Saunders
508
Brook s Wharf and Bull Wharf Ltd
ν
Goodman Brothers
510
Owen
ν
Tate
512
Nim
Battery Manufacturing Co.
v
Milestone Trading Ltd (No
2) 519
CONTENTS XIX
No Restitution because No Liability of the Defendant has been
Discharged (i.e. the Defendant has not been Enriched)
523
Bonner
v
Tottenham and Edmonton Permanent Investment Building
Society
523
Re Nott and Cardiff Corp.
526
Metropolitan Police District Receiver
v
Croydon Corp.
528
Land
Hessen
v
Gray and Gerrish
531
Esso
Petroleum Ltd
v
Hall, Russell
&
Co. Ltd
533
When does Payment of Another s Debt Discharge that Debt?
534
Crantrave Ltd
v
Lloyds Bank pic
534
Ρ
Birks and
J
Beatson, Unrequested Payment of Another s Debt
538
D
Friedmann,
Payment of Another s Debt
544
S Stoljar,
The Law of Quasi-Contract
548
J
Beatson, The Use and Abuse of Unjust Enrichment
549
Restitution by Contribution
551
Deering
v
Earl of Winchelsea
551
Civil Liability (Contribution) Act
1978,
ss
1(1), 2(1), 2(3), 3, 6(1)
and
7(3) 552
Rejection of an Unjust Enrichment Analysis
554
ƒ
Hilliard, A Case for the Abolition of Legal Compulsion as a Ground
of Restitution
554
9
NECESSITY
559
1
The Traditional Analysis: No Right of Recovery
561
Nicholson
v
Chapman
561
Falcké v
Scottish Imperial Insurance Co.
562
2
Cases in Which English Law Recognizes the Existence of a Right
of Recovery
565
(1)
The burial cases
565
Jenkins
v
Tucker
565
Rogers
v
Price
566
Ambrose
v
Kerrison
567
Bradshaw
v
Beard
568
(2)
Salvage
569
W
Kennedy and
F
Rose, Law of Salvage
570
The Goring
570
(3)
Agency of necessity
573
Prager
v
Blatspiel Stamp and Heacock Ltd
573
China
Pacific
SA v
Food Corporation of India
577
(4)
Provision of necessaries for the incapacitated
581
In re Rhodes
581
(5)
Miscellaneous cases
584
Great Northern Railway
v Swaffield
584
Matheson
v
Smiley
586
In re Berkeley
Applegate
Ltd
587
XX
CONTENTS
3
The Future Development of the Law
591
A Burrows, The Law of Restitution
(211(1
edn,
2002) 591
Ρ
Birks, Unjust Enrichment
(2nd
edn,
2005) 592
Principles of European Law: Study Group on a European Civil Code.
Benevolent Intervention in Another s Affairs
593
10
ILLEGALITY AS A GROUND FOR RESTITUTION
597
1
Withdrawal in the Locus Poenitentiae
597
Taylor
ν
Bowers
598
Kearley
ν
Thomson
600
Bigos
v Bousted
601
11
INCAPACITY AS A GROUND FOR RESTITUTION
607
1
Infancy
607
Valentini
ν
Canali
608
Steinberg
ν
Scala
(Leeds) Ltd
608
Pear
ce
ν
Brain
610
2
Mental Illness
612
Hart
ν
O Connor
612
3
A Company Acting Ultra Vires
620
Brougham
v Dwyer
620
4
A Public Authority Acting Ultra Vires
621
Commonwealth of Australia
ν
Burns
621
12
ULTRA VIRES DEMANDS BY PUBLIC AUTHORITIES
625
Woolwich Equitable Building Society
ν
Inland Revenue Commissioners
626
13
TRACING AND PROPRIETARY RESTITUTION
647
1
Tracing
647
(1)
Tracing at common law
648
Taylor
ν
Plumer
649
Banque Belge pour L Etranger
v Hambrouck
650
Agip (Africa)
Ltd
vjaăson
650
Lipkìn
Gorman
v Karpnale
Ltd
651
Trustee of the Property of
FC
Jones and Sons
(afirm)
v
Jones
651
(2)
Tracing in equity
656
(i) Where there is a mixed fund comprising the money of two
innocent parties the general equitable tracing rule is
proportionate sharing subject sometimes to first in, first out
657
CONTENTS XXI
Sinclair
v
Brougham
657
Re Diplock
660
Barlow Clowes International Ltd
v
Vaughan
667
(ii) Where there is a mixed fund comprising the money of a
beneficiary and a fiduciary, who has acted in breach of duty in
mixing the moneys, the general equitable tracing rule is
proportionate sharing subject to loss to the mixed fund first being
borne by the fiduciary
672
Re Hallett s Estate
672
Re Oatway
674
Re
Tille/s
Will Trusts
676
Foskett
v
McKeown
678
(iii)
The intermediate balance (or exhaustion of the fund ) rule
687
James Roscoe
(Bolton)
Ltd
v
Winder
687
Re Goldcorp Exchange Ltd
689
Bishopsgate Investment Management Ltd
v
Homan
696
(3)
Three academic analyses of tracing
700
L
Smith, Tracing into the Payment of a Debt
700
P
Birks, The Necessity of a Unitary Law of Tracing
701
S
Evans, Rethinking Tracing and the Law of Restitution
703
2
Proprietary Restitution
704
(1)
Case law on the scope of proprietary restitution
707
Chase Manhattan Bank
NA v
Israel-British Bank (London) Ltd
707
A Tettenborn, Remedies for the Recovery of Money Paid by Mistake
711
Lord Napier
&
Ettrick
v
Hunter
712
Boscawen
v
Bajwa
720
Westdeutsche
Landesbank Girozentrale
v
Islington London
ВС
727
(2)
Academic analyses of proprietary restitution
744
A W Scott, Constructive Trusts
744
P
Birks, Restitution and Resulting Trusts
750
W Swadling,
A New Role for Resulting Trusts?
752
R
Chambers, Tracing and Unjust Enrichment
755
E
Sherwin, Constructive Trusts in Bankruptcy
756
D Paciocco,
The Remedial Constructive Trust: A Principled Basis
for Priorities over Creditors
757
A Burrows, The English Law of Restitution: A Ten-Year Review
758
14
DEFENCES
761
1
Change of Position
762
( 1 )
The recognition and basis of change of position
763
Lipkin Gorman
v Karpnale
Ltd
763
P
Birks, Unjust Enrichment
(2nd
edn,
2005 ) 763
(2)
The scope and application of change of position
765
CONTENTS
(і)
Does change of position require reliance by the defendant upon
the receipt? 765
Scottish Equitable pic
v
Derby
765
(ii) How much evidence is required?
769
Philip Collins Ltd
v
Davis
769
Commerzbank
AG
v Gareth
Price-
fones
773
(iii)
Do changes of position which anticipate an enrichment count?
781
Dextra
Bank and Trust Co. Ltd
v
Bank of Jamaica
781
(iv)
What is the relevance of fault to the defence?
785
Niru Battery Manufacturing Co.
v
Milestone Trading Ltd
786
Barms
Mattos
Junior
v Macdaniels
Ltd
796
A Tettenborn, Bank Fraud, Change of Position and Illegality:
The Case of the Innocent Money-Launderer
800
(v) Can a defendant change her position by purchasing something
valuable which she still retains?
801
RBC
Domin
ion Securities Inc.
v Dawson
801
(vi)
Does change of position apply to claims for proprietary
restitution?
802
Ρ
Birks, Change of Position and Surviving Enrichment
803
(vii)
Does change of position apply to claims other than unjust
enrichment?
804
2
Estoppel
804
( 1 )
The traditional position
805
Avon County Council
ν
Hewlett
805
(2)
The future of estoppel and its relationship with change of position
811
Scottish Equitable pic
ν
Derby
811
National Westm inster Bank pic
v Somer
International (UK) Ltd
814
3
Bona Fide
Purchase
822
Lipkin Gorman
ν
Ka rpnale
Ltd
822
Dextra
Bank and Trust Co. Ltd
ν
Bank of Jamaica
824
4
Agency
824
Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Ltd
ν
Westpac Banking
Corporation
825
Portman
Building Society
ν
Hamlyn Taylor Neck
(afirm)
828
W Swadłing,
The Nature of Ministerial Receipt
831
R
Stevens, Why do Agents Drop Out ?
835
5
Counter-Restitution Impossible
844
Clarke
v
Dickson
844
Erlanger
v
New Sombrero Phosphate Co.
845
Armstrong
v
Jackson g47
Spence
v
Crawford
849
O Sullivan
v
Management Agency and Music Ltd
851
Guinness pk
v
Saunders
857
Cheese
v
Thomas
861
CONTENTS XXIII
Smith New Court
Securities
Ltd
v
Scrimgeour Vickers
(Asset
Management)
Ltd 866
Mahoney
v
Purnell 867
6
Passing On
870
Kleinwort
Benson
Ltd
v
Birmingham City Council 871
Commissioner of
State
Revenue
v
Royal Insurance
Australia Ltd
879
7
Illegality
883
(1)
Mistake
883
Oom
v
Bruce
883
Ρ
Birks, Unjust Enrichment
(2nd
edn,
2005) 884
(2)
Duress and Exploitation of Weakness
885
Smith
ν
Bromley
885
Smith
ν
Cuff
885
(3)
Total failure of consideration
886
Parkinson
ν
College of Ambulance Ltd
886
Re Cavalier Insurance Co. Ltd
887
Mohamed v
Alaga
&
Co.
890
(4)
Title Claims
892
Bowmakers Ltd
v
Barnet
Instruments Ltd
892
Tinsley
v Milligan
894
Tribe
v
Tribe
903
Nelson
v
Nelson
912
8
Incapacity
919
(1)
Minors
919
(i) Liability at common law and in equity
919
Cowern
v
Niela
919
Stocks
v
Wilson
920
R
Leslie Ltd
v
Sheill
922
(ii) Statutory liability
925
Minors Contracts Act 1987 s.
3 925
(2)
Local authorities and companies
926
15
RESTITUTION FOR WRONGS
929
1
Three Academic Analyses of When there should be Restitution for
Wrongs
930
I Jackman, Restitution for Wrongs
930
P
Birks, Civil Wrongs: A New World
934
J
Edelman,
Gain-Based Damages
936
2
Corrective Justice and Restitution for Wrongs
937
К
Barker, Unjust Enrichment: Containing the Beast
937
E Weinrib,
Restitutionary Damages as Corrective Justice
938
3
Restitution for Torts
942
( 1 )
Proprietary torts (other than protecting intellectual property)
942
XXIV
CONTENTS
United Australia Ltd
v
Barclays Bank Ltd
942
Phillips
v
Homfray
948
Edwards
v
Lee s Administrators
952
Penarth Dock Engineering Co. Ltd
v
Pounds
953
Bracewell
v
Appleby
955
R
Sharpe
and
S Waddams,
Damages for Lost Opportunity
to Bargain
956
Stoke-on-Trent City Council
v
W
&
J
Wass Ltd
959
Ministry of Defence
v
Ashman
964
Jaggard
v
Sawyer
967
(2)
Intellectual property torts
969
Colbeam Palmer Ltd
v
Stock Affiliates Pty. Ltd
969
Patents Act
1977,
ss.
61(1), 61(2),
and
62(1) 971
Copyright, Designs and Patents Act
1988,
ss.
96(1)
and
(2),
97(1), 1911(1)
and
(2),
191J(1), 229(1)(2), and 233(l)-(3)
972
(3)
Non-proprietary torts
973
Aggravated, Exemplary and Restitutionary Damages, Law
Commission Report No
247 (1997)
Draft Bill, clauses
12(1),
(5), 15(6) 974
Halifax Building Society
v
Thomas
974
4
Restitution for Breach of Contract
978
Wrotham Park Estate Co. Ltd
v Parkside
Homes Ltd
978
Attorney General
v
Blake
981
Experience Hendrix LLC
v
PPX Enterprises
Inc
990
World Wide Fund for Nature (formerly World Wildlife Fund)
v
World
Wrestling Federation Entertainment
Inc
995
G
Jones, The Recovery of Benefits Gained From a Breach of Contract
998
5
Restitution for Breach of Fiduciary Duty
1002
(1)
Unauthorised profit
1002
Regal (Hastings) Ltd
v
Gulliver
1002
Boardman
v Phipps
1007
Murad v Al-Sara)
1012
(2)
Bribes
1016
Reading
v
Attorney-General
1016
Attorney-General for Hong
Kong v
Reid
1018
Daraydon Holdings Ltd
v Solland
International Ltd
1023
6
Restitution for Breach of Confidence
1026
Attorney-General
v
Guardian Newspapers (No
2) 1026
IAC
Minerals Ltd
v
International Corona Resources Ltd
1031
Index
1039
|
| adam_txt |
CONTENTS
Preface
vii
Acknowledgements
ix
Table of Cases
lxv
Table of Legislation
li
1
UNJUST ENRICHMENT AND COMPETING THEORIES
1
1
The Contribution of Lord Mansfield
4
Moses
v
Macferhm
4
2
The Implied Contract Theory
6
Sinclair
v
Brougham
6
WS Holdsworth,
'Unjustifiable Enrichment'
9
3
The Recognition of the Principle against Unjust Enrichment
9
Restatement of the Law of Restitution
ss
1-3,160 9
WA Seavey
and AW Scott, 'Restitution'
9
Fibrosa Spolka
Akcyjna
v
Fairbairn Lawson Combe Barbour Ltd
12
Deglman
v
Guaranty Trust Co. of Canada and Constantineau
18
R
Goff
and
G
Jones, The Law of Restitution
( 1st
edn,
1966) 19
Pavey and Matthews Pty. Ltd
v
Paul
22
Lipkin Gorman
v Karpnale
Ltd
28
Westdeutsche
Landesbank Girozentrale
v
Islington London Borough Council
40
4
Birks' Focus on the Cause of Action of Unjust Enrichment
41
P
Birks, Restitution
—
The Future
41
P
Birks, 'Misnomer'
42
P
Birks, Unjust Enrichment
(2nd
edn,
2005) 46
5
Corrective Justice and Unjust Enrichment
48
К
Barker, 'Unjust Enrichment: Containing the Beast' 4S
L
Smith, 'Restitution: The Heart of Corrective Justice'
50
6
Modern-Day Sceptics
54
S Stoljar,
'Unjust Enrichment ami Unjust Sacrifice'
54
S Hedley,
'Unjust Enrichment and the Basis of Restitution
—
An
Overworked Concept'
55
S
Hedley, Restitution: Its Division and Ordering
59
I Jackman, The Varieties of Restitution
62
J
Dietrich, Restitution
—
Л
New Perspective
65
P
Jaffey, The Nature and Scope of Restitution
69
2
THE ESSENTIAL INGREDIENTS OF A CLAIM FOR RESTITUTION
OF AN UNJUST ENRICHMENT
71
1
Benefit
71
XIV CONTENTS
( 1 )
The 'benefit' issue analysed by the judiciary
72
BP Exploration Co. (Libya) Ltd
v
Hunt (No
2) 72
Procter
&
Gamble Philippine Manufacturing Corp
v
Peter Cremer
GmbH
73
Peel (Regional Municipality)
v
Canada
74
Rowe
v
Vale of White Horse District Council
76
Cressman
v
Coys of Kensington (Sales) Ltd
77
(2)
Academic analysis of the'benefit'issue
84
A Burrows, 'Free Acceptance and the Law of Restitution'
84
M
Garner, 'The Role of Subjective Benefit in the Law of Unjust
Enrichment'
86
J
Beatson, The Use and Abuse of Unjust Enrichment
90
P
Birks, 'In Defence of Free Acceptance'
93
(3)
Unjust sacrifice
101
S Stoljar,
'Unjust Enrichment and Unjust Sacrifice'
101
G A
Muir,
'Unjust Sacrifice and the Officious Intervener'
103
(4)
Two problematic cases
106
Planché
v
Colburn
106
Greenwood
v
Bennett
107
2
At the Claimant's Expense
109
(1)
The correspondence question
110
M Mclnnes,
'
"At the Plaintiff's Expense": Quantifying
Restitutionary Relief'
110
P
Birks, Unjust Enrichment
(2nd
edn,
2005) 113
ReBHT(UK)Ltd
115
(2)
The directness question
116
(i) Interceptive subtraction?
116
P
Birks, Unjust Enrichment
(2nd
edn,
2005) 116
L
Smith, 'Three-Party Restitution: A Critique of Birks' Theory
of Interceptive Subtraction'
117
(ii) Leapfrogging?
119
P
Birks, Unjust Enrichment
(2nd
edn,
2005) 119
Pan Ocean Shipping Ltd
v Creditcorp
Ltd (The Trident Beauty)
122
Khan
v
Permayer
128
Uren v
First National Home Finance Ltd
130
3
Was the Enrichment Unjust?
133
( 1 )
Unjust Factors and Incremental Development from Them
134
Uren v
First National Home Finance Ltd
134
(2)
Birks and Chambers'Structuring of the Unjust Factors
135
P
Birks and
R
Chambers, The Restitution Research Resource 1
997 135
(3)
Birks* New'Absence of Basis'Scheme
137
P
Birks, Unjust Enrichment
(2nd
edn,
2005) 137
(4)
The Canadian Approach to the Unjust Question
- 138
Rathwell
v
Rathwell
138
CONTENTS
XV
Garland
v
Consumers' Gas Co.
140
4
Defences
145
3
MISTAKE
147
1
Mistaken Payments
147
(1)
Mistakes of fact
147
Kelty v
Solari
147
Aiken
v
Short
149
Morgan
v
Ashcroft 150
Barclays Bank LtdvWJ Simms Ltd
153
Ρ
Matthews, 'Money Paid Under Mistake of Fact'
162
Lloyds Bank pic
ν
Independent Insurance Co. Ltd
163
Dextra
Bank
&
Trust Co. Ltd
ν
Bank of Jamaica
165
(2)
Mistakes of law
167
Bilbie
ν
Lumley
167
Kleinwort
Benson Ltd
ν
Lincoln City Council
167
Nurdin
&
Peacock pic
ν
DB Ramsden
&
Co. Ltd
183
2
Benefits in Kind Rendered by Mistake
187
Greenwood
ν
Bennett
187
Torts (Interference with Goods) Act
1977,
ss
1, 3(7)
and
6 188
County of
Carleton v
City of Ottawa
188
Banque Financière de la Cité
v
Parc
(Battersea) Ltd
190
3
Rescission of an Executed Contract Entered Into by Mistake
195
Newbigging
v
Adam
196
Whittington
v
Seale-Hayne
199
Car and Universal Finance Co. Ltd
v Caldwell
201
4
IGNORANCE
203
1
The Position at Common Law
—
Strict Liability Subject to Defences
204
Holiday
v
Sigil
204
Banque Belge pour L'Etranger
v Hambrouck
204
Agip (Africa)
Ltd
v Jackson
209
E
McKendrick, 'Tracing Misdirected Funds'
213
Lipkin Gorman
v Karpnale
Ltd
219
E
McKendrick, 'Restitution, Misdirected Funds and Change of Position'
219
2
The Predominant Position in Equity
—
Knowing Receipt and Dealing
225
(1)
Dishonesty required
225
Carl-Zeiss
Stiftung
v
Herbert Smith
&
Co. (No
2) 225
Re Montagu's Settlement Trusts
229
(2)
Negligence held to be sufficient
232
Belmont Finance Corp
v
Williams Furniture Ltd (No
2) 232
(3)
Unconscionability as the test
233
BCCI (Overseas) Ltd
v
Akindele
233
XVI
CONTENTS
3
The Exceptional Position in Equity
—
Strict Liability Subject to Defences
and to Exhausting Remedies Against Defaulting Fiduciary
237
Ministry of Health
v
Simpson (sub
nom.
Re Diplock)
237
4
A Preferable Analysis?: Ignorance and Strict Liability Subject to Defences
239
Ρ
Birks, 'Misdirected Funds: Restitution from the Recipient'
239
Lord Nicholls, 'Knowing Receipt: The Need for a New Landmark'
245
5
FAILURE OF CONSIDERATION
249
1
The Meaning of Consideration
251
Roxborough
v Rothmans
of Pall Mall Ltd
252
Chillingworth
v
Esche
254
2
Contracts Discharged for Breach
256
( 1 )
Claim by the innocent party for the recovery of money paid
257
Giles
v
Edwards
257
Hunt
v
Silk
257
Bush
v
Canfield
259
Rowland
v
Divall
261
Yeoman Credit Ltd
v Apps
263
D O
Ferguson
&
Associates
ν Μ
Sohl 264
Baltic Shipping Company
v
Dillon (The Mikhail
Lermontov)
267
(2)
Claim by the innocent party for the value of work done
279
Planché
v Colburn
279
De
Bernardy v
Harding
280
Boomer v
Muir
280
Taylor
v Motability Finance
Ltd
284
(3)
Claim by the party in breach for the recovery of money paid
287
Dies
v
British and International Mining and Finance Co.
287
Rover International Ltd
v
Cannon Film Sales Ltd
290
Stocznia Gdańska
SA v
Latvian Shipping Co.
294
(4)
Claim by the party in breach for the value of work done
297
Sumpter
v
Hedges
298
Pecuniary Restitution on Breach of Contract
(1975)
Law Commission
Working Paper No.
65 302
Pecuniary Restitution on Breach of Contract
(1983)
Law Com.
No.
121 303
В
McFarlane and
R
Stevens, 'In Defence of Sumpter
v
Hedges'
305
3
Contracts Discharged by Frustration
313
( 1 )
The Law Reform (Frustrated Contracts) Act
1943 314
Law Reform (Frustrated Contracts) Act
1943,
ss.
1,
2(3)-(5)
314
BP Exploration Co. (Libya) Ltd
v
Hunt (No.
2) 316
Gamerco
SA v ICM/Fair
Warning (Agency) Ltd
327
(2)
Developments in the Commonwealth
329
Frustrated Contracts Act
1996
(British Columbia),
ss.
5-8 329
E McKendrick,
'Frustration, Restitution and Loss Apportionment'
330
CONTENTS XVII
4
Work Done in Anticipation of a Contract Which Does not Materialize
332
William Lacey (Honnslow) Ltd
v
Davis
333
British Steel Corporation
v
Cleveland Bridge and Engineering Co. Ltd
336
Regalian Properties Ltd
v
London Docklands Development Corporation
337
Countrywide Communications Ltd
v ICL
Pathway Ltd
343
E McKendrick,
'Work done in Anticipation of a Contract which does not
Materalise'
348
5
Contracts Which are Unenforceable for Want of Formality
355
Thomas
v
Brown
356
6
Void Contracts
356
Craven-Ellis
v
Canons Ltd
356
Rover International Ltd
v
Cannon Film Sales Ltd
358
Westdeutsche
Landesbank Girozentrale
v
Islington
London
Borough Council
362
Guinness
Mohon
&
Co. Ltd
v
Kensington and Chelsea Royal London
Borough Council
369
Ρ
Birks, Unjust Enrichment
(2nd
edn,
2005) 382
Goss
ν
Chilcott
384
7
Subsisting Contracts
386
Roxborough
v Rothmans
of Pall Mall Ltd
386
Ρ
Birks, 'Failure of Consideration and its Place on the Map'
389
J
Beatson and
G
Virgo, 'Contract, Unjust Enrichment and
Unconscionabiłity'
390
8
Free Acceptance
392
Rowe
v
Vale of White Horse District Council
393
6
ILLEGITIMATE PRESSURE
397
1
Duress of the Person
399
Barton
v
Armstrong
399
2
Duress of Goods
404
Astley
v
Reynolds
404
Skeate
v
Beale
404
3
Economic Duress
405
North Ocean Shipping Co. Ltd
v
Hyundai Construction Co. Ltd (The
Atlantic Baron)
405
Pao
On
v
Lau Yiu
Long
411
Universe Tankships of Monrovia
v
International Transport Words'
Federation
413
В
&
S
Contracts and Design Ltd
v
Victor Green Publications Ltd
417
Crescendo Management Pty. Ltd
v
Westpac Banking Corp.
420
P
Birks 'The Travails of Duress'
421
Dimskal Shipping Co.
SA v
International Transport Workers' Federation
422
CTN Cash and Carry Ltd
v Gallaher
426
Huyton
SA v
Peter Cremer GmbH
&
Co.
429
R v
Attorney-General for England and Wales
433
Xviii
CONTENTS
4
Threats to Prosecute or Sue or Publish Information
435
Williams
v Bayley
436
Silsbee
v
Webber
438
Mutual Finance Ltd
v
John Wetton
&
Sons Ltd
440
Norreys
v
Zeffert
442
Ρ
Birks and Chin Nyuk Yin, 'On the Nature of Undue Influence'
443
7
UNDUE INFLUENCE AND EXPLOITATION OF WEAKNESS
447
1
Relational Undue Influence
448
Allcard
ν
Skinner
448
Royal Bank of Scotland
v Etridge
(No
2) 457
JR v
Attorney-General for England and Wales
474
National Commercial Bank (Jamaica) Ltd
ν
Hew
476
2
The Role of Unconscionable Conduct
480
Louth
ν
Diprose
480
3
(Exploitation of) the Mental Inadequacy of the Claimant
486
Fry
ν
Lane
486
Creswell
ν
Potter
488
Boustany
ν
Pigott
490
Credit
Lyonnais
Bank
Nederland NV
v Burch
492
4
(Exploitation of) the Economic Weakness of the Claimant
494
Earl of Aylesford
ν
Morris
494
Alec Lobb (Garages) Ltd
ν
Total Oil (Great Britain) Ltd
495
5
(Exploitation of) the Difficult Circumstances in Which the Claimant
Finds Himself
498
The Medina
498
The Port Caledonia and The Anna
499
6
Illegality Designed to Protect the Vulnerable Class, to which the
Claimant Belongs, from Exploitation
500
Green
ν
Portsmouth Stadium Ltd
500
LEGAL COMPULSION: COMPULSORY DISCHARGE OF ANOTHER
S
LEGAL LIABILITY
503
1
С
Discharges D's Liability to X in Order to Recover His (C's) Goods
504
Exall
ν
Partridge
504
Edmunds
ν
Wallingford 505
2
С
Discharges D's Liability to X where
С
and
D
are Under a Common
Liability to X but C's Liability is Secondary
507
Moule
v Garrett
507
Gebhardt
ν
Saunders
508
Brook's Wharf and Bull Wharf Ltd
ν
Goodman Brothers
510
Owen
ν
Tate
512
Nim
Battery Manufacturing Co.
v
Milestone Trading Ltd (No
2) 519
CONTENTS XIX
No Restitution because No Liability of the Defendant has been
Discharged (i.e. the Defendant has not been Enriched)
523
Bonner
v
Tottenham and Edmonton Permanent Investment Building
Society
523
Re Nott and Cardiff Corp.
526
Metropolitan Police District Receiver
v
Croydon Corp.
528
Land
Hessen
v
Gray and Gerrish
531
Esso
Petroleum Ltd
v
Hall, Russell
&
Co. Ltd
533
When does Payment of Another's Debt Discharge that Debt?
534
Crantrave Ltd
v
Lloyds Bank pic
534
Ρ
Birks and
J
Beatson, 'Unrequested Payment of Another's Debt'
538
D
Friedmann,
'Payment of Another's Debt'
544
S Stoljar,
The Law of Quasi-Contract
548
J
Beatson, The Use and Abuse of Unjust Enrichment
549
Restitution by Contribution
551
Deering
v
Earl of Winchelsea
551
Civil Liability (Contribution) Act
1978,
ss
1(1), 2(1), 2(3), 3, 6(1)
and
7(3) 552
Rejection of an Unjust Enrichment Analysis
554
ƒ
Hilliard, 'A Case for the Abolition of Legal Compulsion as a Ground
of Restitution'
554
9
NECESSITY
559
1
The'Traditional'Analysis: No Right of Recovery
561
Nicholson
v
Chapman
561
Falcké v
Scottish Imperial Insurance Co.
562
2
Cases in Which English Law Recognizes the Existence of a Right
of Recovery
565
(1)
The burial cases
565
Jenkins
v
Tucker
565
Rogers
v
Price
566
Ambrose
v
Kerrison
567
Bradshaw
v
Beard
568
(2)
Salvage
569
W
Kennedy and
F
Rose, Law of Salvage
570
The Goring
570
(3)
Agency of necessity
573
Prager
v
Blatspiel Stamp and Heacock Ltd
573
China
Pacific
SA v
Food Corporation of India
577
(4)
Provision of necessaries for the incapacitated
581
In re Rhodes
581
(5)
Miscellaneous cases
584
Great Northern Railway
v Swaffield
584
Matheson
v
Smiley
586
In re Berkeley
Applegate
Ltd
587
XX
CONTENTS
3
The Future Development of the Law
591
A Burrows, The Law of Restitution
(211(1
edn,
2002) 591
Ρ
Birks, Unjust Enrichment
(2nd
edn,
2005) 592
Principles of European Law: Study Group on a European Civil Code.
Benevolent Intervention in Another's Affairs
593
10
ILLEGALITY AS A GROUND FOR RESTITUTION
597
1
Withdrawal in the Locus Poenitentiae
597
Taylor
ν
Bowers
598
Kearley
ν
Thomson
600
Bigos
v Bousted
601
11
INCAPACITY AS A GROUND FOR RESTITUTION
607
1
Infancy
607
Valentini
ν
Canali
608
Steinberg
ν
Scala
(Leeds) Ltd
608
Pear
ce
ν
Brain
610
2
Mental Illness
612
Hart
ν
O'Connor
612
3
A Company Acting Ultra Vires
620
Brougham
v Dwyer
620
4
A Public Authority Acting Ultra Vires
621
Commonwealth of Australia
ν
Burns
621
12
ULTRA VIRES DEMANDS BY PUBLIC AUTHORITIES
625
Woolwich Equitable Building Society
ν
Inland Revenue Commissioners
626
13
TRACING AND PROPRIETARY RESTITUTION
647
1
Tracing
647
(1)
Tracing at common law
648
Taylor
ν
Plumer
649
Banque Belge pour L'Etranger
v Hambrouck
650
Agip (Africa)
Ltd
vjaăson
650
Lipkìn
Gorman
v Karpnale
Ltd
651
Trustee of the Property of
FC
Jones and Sons
(afirm)
v
Jones
651
(2)
Tracing in equity
656
(i) Where there is a mixed fund comprising the money of two
innocent parties the general equitable tracing rule is
'proportionate sharing' subject sometimes to 'first in, first out'
657
CONTENTS XXI
Sinclair
v
Brougham
657
Re Diplock
660
Barlow Clowes International Ltd
v
Vaughan
667
(ii) Where there is a mixed fund comprising the money of a
beneficiary and a fiduciary, who has acted in breach of duty in
mixing the moneys, the general equitable tracing rule is
proportionate sharing subject to loss to the mixed fund first being
borne by the fiduciary
672
Re Hallett's Estate
672
Re Oatway
674
Re
Tille/s
Will Trusts
676
Foskett
v
McKeown
678
(iii)
The 'intermediate balance' (or 'exhaustion of the fund') rule
687
James Roscoe
(Bolton)
Ltd
v
Winder
687
Re Goldcorp Exchange Ltd
689
Bishopsgate Investment Management Ltd
v
Homan
696
(3)
Three academic analyses of tracing
700
L
Smith, 'Tracing into the Payment of a Debt'
700
P
Birks, 'The Necessity of a Unitary Law of Tracing'
701
S
Evans, 'Rethinking Tracing and the Law of Restitution'
703
2
Proprietary Restitution
704
(1)
Case law on the scope of proprietary restitution
707
Chase Manhattan Bank
NA v
Israel-British Bank (London) Ltd
707
A Tettenborn, 'Remedies for the Recovery of Money Paid by Mistake'
711
Lord Napier
&
Ettrick
v
Hunter
712
Boscawen
v
Bajwa
720
Westdeutsche
Landesbank Girozentrale
v
Islington London
ВС
727
(2)
Academic analyses of proprietary restitution
744
A W Scott, 'Constructive Trusts'
744
P
Birks, 'Restitution and Resulting Trusts'
750
W Swadling,
'A New Role for Resulting Trusts?'
752
R
Chambers, 'Tracing and Unjust Enrichment'
755
E
Sherwin, 'Constructive Trusts in Bankruptcy'
756
D Paciocco,
'The Remedial Constructive Trust: A Principled Basis
for Priorities over Creditors'
757
A Burrows, 'The English Law of Restitution: A Ten-Year Review'
758
14
DEFENCES
761
1
Change of Position
762
( 1 )
The recognition and basis of change of position
763
Lipkin Gorman
v Karpnale
Ltd
763
P
Birks, Unjust Enrichment
(2nd
edn,
2005 ) 763
(2)
The scope and application of change of position
765
CONTENTS
(і)
Does change of position require reliance by the defendant upon
the receipt? 765
Scottish Equitable pic
v
Derby
765
(ii) How much evidence is required?
769
Philip Collins Ltd
v
Davis
769
Commerzbank
AG
v Gareth
Price-
fones
773
(iii)
Do changes of position which anticipate an enrichment count?
781
Dextra
Bank and Trust Co. Ltd
v
Bank of Jamaica
781
(iv)
What is the relevance of fault to the defence?
785
Niru Battery Manufacturing Co.
v
Milestone Trading Ltd
786
Barms
Mattos
Junior
v Macdaniels
Ltd
796
A Tettenborn, 'Bank Fraud, Change of Position and Illegality:
The Case of the Innocent Money-Launderer'
800
(v) Can a defendant change her position by purchasing something
valuable which she still retains?
801
RBC
Domin
ion Securities Inc.
v Dawson
801
(vi)
Does change of position apply to claims for proprietary
restitution?
802
Ρ
Birks, 'Change of Position and Surviving Enrichment'
803
(vii)
Does change of position apply to claims other than unjust
enrichment?
804
2
Estoppel
804
( 1 )
The traditional position
805
Avon County Council
ν
Hewlett
805
(2)
The future of estoppel and its relationship with change of position
811
Scottish Equitable pic
ν
Derby
811
National Westm inster Bank pic
v Somer
International (UK) Ltd
814
3
Bona Fide
Purchase
822
Lipkin Gorman
ν
Ka rpnale
Ltd
822
Dextra
Bank and Trust Co. Ltd
ν
Bank of Jamaica
824
4
Agency
824
Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Ltd
ν
Westpac Banking
Corporation
825
Portman
Building Society
ν
Hamlyn Taylor Neck
(afirm)
828
W Swadłing,
'The Nature of Ministerial Receipt'
831
R
Stevens, 'Why do Agents "Drop Out"?'
835
5
Counter-Restitution Impossible
844
Clarke
v
Dickson
844
Erlanger
v
New Sombrero Phosphate Co.
845
Armstrong
v
Jackson g47
Spence
v
Crawford
849
O'Sullivan
v
Management Agency and Music Ltd
851
Guinness pk
v
Saunders
857
Cheese
v
Thomas
861
CONTENTS XXIII
Smith New Court
Securities
Ltd
v
Scrimgeour Vickers
(Asset
Management)
Ltd 866
Mahoney
v
Purnell 867
6
Passing On
870
Kleinwort
Benson
Ltd
v
Birmingham City Council 871
Commissioner of
State
Revenue
v
Royal Insurance
Australia Ltd
879
7
Illegality
883
(1)
Mistake
883
Oom
v
Bruce
883
Ρ
Birks, Unjust Enrichment
(2nd
edn,
2005) 884
(2)
Duress and Exploitation of Weakness
885
Smith
ν
Bromley
885
Smith
ν
Cuff
885
(3)
Total failure of consideration
886
Parkinson
ν
College of Ambulance Ltd
886
Re Cavalier Insurance Co. Ltd
887
Mohamed v
Alaga
&
Co.
890
(4)
Title Claims
892
Bowmakers Ltd
v
Barnet
Instruments Ltd
892
Tinsley
v Milligan
894
Tribe
v
Tribe
903
Nelson
v
Nelson
912
8
Incapacity
919
(1)
Minors
919
(i) Liability at common law and in equity
919
Cowern
v
Niela
919
Stocks
v
Wilson
920
R
Leslie Ltd
v
Sheill
922
(ii) Statutory liability
925
Minors'Contracts Act 1987 s.
3 925
(2)
Local authorities and companies
926
15
RESTITUTION FOR WRONGS
929
1
Three Academic Analyses of When there should be Restitution for
Wrongs
930
I Jackman, 'Restitution for Wrongs'
930
P
Birks, 'Civil Wrongs: A New World'
934
J
Edelman,
Gain-Based Damages
936
2
Corrective Justice and Restitution for Wrongs
937
К
Barker, 'Unjust Enrichment: Containing the Beast'
937
E Weinrib,
'Restitutionary Damages as Corrective Justice'
938
3
Restitution for Torts
942
( 1 )
Proprietary torts (other than protecting intellectual property)
942
XXIV
CONTENTS
United Australia Ltd
v
Barclays Bank Ltd
942
Phillips
v
Homfray
948
Edwards
v
Lee's Administrators
952
Penarth Dock Engineering Co. Ltd
v
Pounds
953
Bracewell
v
Appleby
955
R
Sharpe
and
S Waddams,
'Damages for Lost Opportunity
to Bargain'
956
Stoke-on-Trent City Council
v
W
&
J
Wass Ltd
959
Ministry of Defence
v
Ashman
964
Jaggard
v
Sawyer
967
(2)
Intellectual property torts
969
Colbeam Palmer Ltd
v
Stock Affiliates Pty. Ltd
969
Patents Act
1977,
ss.
61(1), 61(2),
and
62(1) 971
Copyright, Designs and Patents Act
1988,
ss.
96(1)
and
(2),
97(1), 1911(1)
and
(2),
191J(1), 229(1)(2), and 233(l)-(3)
972
(3)
Non-proprietary torts
973
Aggravated, Exemplary and Restitutionary Damages, Law
Commission Report No
247 (1997)
Draft Bill, clauses
12(1),
(5), 15(6) 974
Halifax Building Society
v
Thomas
974
4
Restitution for Breach of Contract
978
Wrotham Park Estate Co. Ltd
v Parkside
Homes Ltd
978
Attorney General
v
Blake
981
Experience Hendrix LLC
v
PPX Enterprises
Inc
990
World Wide Fund for Nature (formerly World Wildlife Fund)
v
World
Wrestling Federation Entertainment
Inc
995
G
Jones, 'The Recovery of Benefits Gained From a Breach of Contract'
998
5
Restitution for Breach of Fiduciary Duty
1002
(1)
Unauthorised profit
1002
Regal (Hastings) Ltd
v
Gulliver
1002
Boardman
v Phipps
1007
Murad v Al-Sara)
1012
(2)
Bribes
1016
Reading
v
Attorney-General
1016
Attorney-General for Hong
Kong v
Reid
1018
Daraydon Holdings Ltd
v Solland
International Ltd
1023
6
Restitution for Breach of Confidence
1026
Attorney-General
v
Guardian Newspapers (No
2) 1026
IAC
Minerals Ltd
v
International Corona Resources Ltd
1031
Index
1039 |
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| any_adam_object_boolean | 1 |
| author | Burrows, Andrew 1957- McKendrick, Ewan 1960- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)124942199 (DE-588)128521309 |
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| author_sort | Burrows, Andrew 1957- |
| author_variant | a b ab e m em |
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| bvnumber | BV022405075 |
| callnumber-first | K - Law |
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| classification_rvk | PU 4343 |
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| dewey-full | 346.4102/9 |
| dewey-hundreds | 300 - Social sciences |
| dewey-ones | 346 - Private law |
| dewey-raw | 346.4102/9 |
| dewey-search | 346.4102/9 |
| dewey-sort | 3346.4102 19 |
| dewey-tens | 340 - Law |
| discipline | Rechtswissenschaft |
| discipline_str_mv | Rechtswissenschaft |
| edition | 2. ed. |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV022405075 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T17:19:44Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T20:56:52Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0199296510 9780199296514 |
| language | English |
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| spelling | Burrows, Andrew 1957- Verfasser (DE-588)124942199 aut Cases and materials on the law of restitution Andrew Burrows and Ewan McKendrick and James Edelman 2. ed. Oxford [u.a.] Oxford Univ. Press 2007 LIII, 1045 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Ongerechtvaardigde verrijking gtt Schadevergoeding gtt Restitution Cases Restitution Great Britain Cases Unjust enrichment Cases Unjust enrichment Great Britain Cases Ungerechtfertigte Bereicherung (DE-588)4061728-2 gnd rswk-swf Verenigd Koninkrijk van Groot-Brittannië en Noord-Ierland gtt Großbritannien Großbritannien (DE-588)4022153-2 gnd rswk-swf Großbritannien (DE-588)4022153-2 g Ungerechtfertigte Bereicherung (DE-588)4061728-2 s DE-604 McKendrick, Ewan 1960- Verfasser (DE-588)128521309 aut Edelman, James Sonstige oth Digitalisierung UB Regensburg application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=015613654&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Burrows, Andrew 1957- McKendrick, Ewan 1960- Cases and materials on the law of restitution Ongerechtvaardigde verrijking gtt Schadevergoeding gtt Restitution Cases Restitution Great Britain Cases Unjust enrichment Cases Unjust enrichment Great Britain Cases Ungerechtfertigte Bereicherung (DE-588)4061728-2 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4061728-2 (DE-588)4022153-2 |
| title | Cases and materials on the law of restitution |
| title_auth | Cases and materials on the law of restitution |
| title_exact_search | Cases and materials on the law of restitution |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Cases and materials on the law of restitution |
| title_full | Cases and materials on the law of restitution Andrew Burrows and Ewan McKendrick and James Edelman |
| title_fullStr | Cases and materials on the law of restitution Andrew Burrows and Ewan McKendrick and James Edelman |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cases and materials on the law of restitution Andrew Burrows and Ewan McKendrick and James Edelman |
| title_short | Cases and materials on the law of restitution |
| title_sort | cases and materials on the law of restitution |
| topic | Ongerechtvaardigde verrijking gtt Schadevergoeding gtt Restitution Cases Restitution Great Britain Cases Unjust enrichment Cases Unjust enrichment Great Britain Cases Ungerechtfertigte Bereicherung (DE-588)4061728-2 gnd |
| topic_facet | Ongerechtvaardigde verrijking Schadevergoeding Restitution Cases Restitution Great Britain Cases Unjust enrichment Cases Unjust enrichment Great Britain Cases Ungerechtfertigte Bereicherung Verenigd Koninkrijk van Groot-Brittannië en Noord-Ierland Großbritannien |
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