Introduction to surface electromyography:
Saved in:
| Format: | Book |
|---|---|
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Gaithersburg, Md.
Aspen
1998
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Item Description: | Später u.d.T.: Cram's introduction to surface electromyography |
| Physical Description: | XIV, 408 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0834207516 |
Staff View
MARC
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Introduction to surface electromyography |c Jeffrey R. Cram ; Glenn S. Kasman with Jonathan Holtz |
| 264 | 1 | |a Gaithersburg, Md. |b Aspen |c 1998 | |
| 300 | |a XIV, 408 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
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| 500 | |a Später u.d.T.: Cram's introduction to surface electromyography | ||
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| adam_text | Table of Contents
Foreword xi
Preface xiii
PART I—THE BASICS OF SURFACE ELECTROMYOGRAPHY 1
Jeffrey R. Cram and Glenn S. Kasman
Chapter 1—Introduction 3
The History of Surface Electromyography 3
The Advantages and Disadvantages of Surface Electromyography 5
Chapter 2—Anatomy and Physiology 9
Basic Overview of the Neuromuscular System 9
Muscle Fibers and How They Work 12
Sensory Motor Integration 18
Nervous System Control 23
The Motor Unit 32
Motor Unit Recruitment Patterns 32
Factors That Affect Muscle Tension or Force 34
Chapter Questions 39
Chapter 3—Instrumentation 43
Introduction 43
The Source of the Electromyographic Signal 43
Impedance 46
Differential Amplification and Common Mode Rejection 49
Filtering the Electromyographic Signal 50
Spectral Analysis, Fatigue, and Band Pass Filters 51
Types of Surface Electromyography Visual Displays 55
Quantification of the Surface Electromyographic Signal 59
Comparison of Quantified Surface Electromyography Values across
Instruments 60
v
vi Introduction to Surface Electromyography
Comparison of Quantified Surface Electromyography Values across Muscles
and Individuals 62
Amplitude Probability Distribution Function 64
Auditory Displays 65
Issues Regarding Noise and Artifact 67
How To Check Specifications of Surface Electromyographic Instruments 69
Chapter Questions 79
Chapter 4—Electrodes and Site Selection Strategies 81
Electrode Selection 81
Electrode Leads and Cables 84
Site Preparation 84
Strategies for Electrode Placement 86
Chapter Questions 90
Chapter 5—General Assessment Considerations 93
Factors That Affect Interpretation 93
Surface Electromyography and Clinical Syndromes 99
Assessment/Treatment Link: An Upper Quarter Example 103
Conclusion 106
Chapter Questions 109
Chapter 6—Static Assessment and Clinical Protocol Ill
Static Assessment Ill
Normative Data 112
Within Patient Analysis 114
Sensitivity and Specificity 117
Reliability 118
Stability of the Signal 119
Interpretation of Static Findings 120
Headache Example 121
Low Back Pain Example 122
The Clinical Procedure Associated with the Static Assessment 125
Normative Data Comparison Considerations 129
Location of Scan Sites and Interpretation for Each Site 129
Chapter Questions 142
Chapter 7—Emotional Assessment and Clinical Protocol 143
Muscles and Emotional Display 143
The Facial Muscles 143
The Trunk Muscles 144
Relationship of Emotional Arousal to Muscle Activation 145
Reliability of Stress Profiling 146
The Stress Profiling Protocol 147
Patterns of Activation and Recovery 147
Chapter Questions 152
Table of Contents vii
Chapter 8—Dynamic Assessment 153
Dynamic Evaluation of the Neuromuscular System 153
The Tonic Baseline Amplitude 153
Recovery of Baseline Levels Following Movement 154
Assessment of Trigger Points 156
Range of Motion 157
Issues Pertaining to the Work Peak 158
Issues Pertaining to Temporal Factors 159
The Issue of Rest 162
Reliability of Dynamic Surface Electromyography Assessments 164
Assessment of the Pelvic Floor 166
Chapter Questions 173
Chapter 9—Treatment Considerations and Protocols 175
An Overview of Treatment 175
Dynamic Relaxation Strategies 185
Surface Electromyographic Feedback and Neuromuscular Reeducation 190
Surface Electromyographic Feedback: Development of Recruitment and Timing
Synergies 192
An Example Involving the Cervical Muscles 195
Summary for Uptraining 196
Pelvic Floor Considerations 197
Chapter Questions 200
Chapter 10—Documentation 203
Basic Documentation 203
Assessment Considerations 204
Treatment Considerations 206
Documentation as an Outcome Measure 207
Relationship of Surface Electromyography to Other Measures 207
Comprehensive List of Elements To Document 208
Issues Pertaining to Third Party Reimbursement 209
Chapter Questions 212
Chapter 11—Surface Electromyography Past, Present, and Future 213
Surface Electromyography as an Emerging Technology 213
The Use of Surface Electromyography To Study the Effects of Prayer 214
Chapter 12—Conclusion 221
PART II—ATLAS FOR ELECTRODE PLACEMENT 223
Jeffrey R. Cram and Glenn S. Kasman with Jonathan Holtz
Chapter 13—Electrode Atlas Overview 225
Introduction 225
Information Contained in Electrode Atlas 225
Reference Planes and Movement Descriptions 229
viii Introduction to Surface Electromyography
Chapter 14—Electrode Placements 237
Frontal (Wide) Placement 237
Temporal/Mastoid (Wide) Placement 239
Temporal/Masseter (Wide) Placement 241
Temporal/Suprahyoid (Wide) Placement 242
Suprahyoid Placement 244
Cervical Trapezius (Wide) Placement 246
Upper Trapezius (Wide) Placement 249
Anterior Temporalis Placement 250
Masseter Placement 252
Cheek (Zygomaticus) Placement 254
Orbicularis Oculi Placement 255
Buccinator Placement 257
Frontalis (Narrow) Placement 259
Corrugator Placement 261
Sternocleidomastoid (SCM) Placement 262
Scalene (Anterior) Placement 266
Midcervical (C 4) Paraspinal Placement 269
Cervical Dorsal (Wide) Placement 271
Upper Trapezius (Narrow) Placement 273
Interscapular (Middle Trapezius) Placement 276
Lower Interscapular (Lower Trapezius) Placement 277
Serratus Anterior (Lower Fibers) Placement 281
Suprascapular Fossa (Upper Trapezius/Supraspinatus) Placement 284
Infraspinatus Placement 287
Anterior Deltoid Placement 289
Middle Deltoid Placement 291
Posterior Deltoid Placement 292
Pectoralis Major (Clavicular and Sternal) Placement 293
Wrist to Wrist (Wide) Placement 295
Forearm Flexor/Extensor (Wide) Placement 298
Forearm Extensor Bundle (Wide) Placement 300
Forearm Flexor Bundle (Wide) Placement 302
Biceps Brachium Placement 304
Triceps Placement 307
Brachioradialis Placement 310
Ventral Forearm (Pronator Teres) Placement 312
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Placement 313
Extensor Carpi Radialis (Longus and Brevis) Placement 315
Extensor Digitorum Placement 317
Flexor Carpi Radialis and Palmaris Longus Placement 319
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Placement 322
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Placement 323
Abductor Pollicis Longus and Extensor Pollicis Brevis Placement 325
First Dorsal Interosseus Placement 326
Flexor Pollicis Brevis Placement 327
Abductor Pollicis Brevis Placement 328
Table of Contents ix
Dorsal Lumbar (Wide) Placement 329
T 12 Paraspinal Placement 331
Latissimus Dorsi Placement 334
Low Back (Erector Spinae) Placement at L 3 336
Lateral Low Back (Quadratus Lumborum and External Obliques) Placement .. 340
Rectus Abdominis Placement 343
External Abdominal Oblique Placement 344
Ankle to Ankle (Wide) Placement 347
Gluteus Maximus Placement 349
Gluteus Medius Placement 352
Tensor Fasciae Latae Placement 355
Femoral Triangle (Iliopsoas) Placement 357
Hip Flexor (Sartorius) Placement 359
Rectus Femoris Placement 360
Vastus Lateralis Placement 363
Vastus Medialis (Oblique) Placement 365
Hip Adductor (Adductor Longus/Gracilis) Placement 366
Medial and Lateral Hamstring Placement 368
Ankle Dorsiflexor (Tibialis Anterior) Placement 371
Gastrocnemius Placement 373
Soleus Placement 374
Extensor Digitorum Brevis Placement 376
Perivaginal and Perirectal Placement 378
Chapter Questions 384
Appendix A—Glossary of Terms 389
Appendix B—Answers to Chapter Questions 395
Index 397
|
| adam_txt |
Table of Contents
Foreword xi
Preface xiii
PART I—THE BASICS OF SURFACE ELECTROMYOGRAPHY 1
Jeffrey R. Cram and Glenn S. Kasman
Chapter 1—Introduction 3
The History of Surface Electromyography 3
The Advantages and Disadvantages of Surface Electromyography 5
Chapter 2—Anatomy and Physiology 9
Basic Overview of the Neuromuscular System 9
Muscle Fibers and How They Work 12
Sensory Motor Integration 18
Nervous System Control 23
The Motor Unit 32
Motor Unit Recruitment Patterns 32
Factors That Affect Muscle Tension or Force 34
Chapter Questions 39
Chapter 3—Instrumentation 43
Introduction 43
The Source of the Electromyographic Signal 43
Impedance 46
Differential Amplification and Common Mode Rejection 49
Filtering the Electromyographic Signal 50
Spectral Analysis, Fatigue, and Band Pass Filters 51
Types of Surface Electromyography Visual Displays 55
Quantification of the Surface Electromyographic Signal 59
Comparison of Quantified Surface Electromyography Values across
Instruments 60
v
vi Introduction to Surface Electromyography
Comparison of Quantified Surface Electromyography Values across Muscles
and Individuals 62
Amplitude Probability Distribution Function 64
Auditory Displays 65
Issues Regarding Noise and Artifact 67
How To Check Specifications of Surface Electromyographic Instruments 69
Chapter Questions 79
Chapter 4—Electrodes and Site Selection Strategies 81
Electrode Selection 81
Electrode Leads and Cables 84
Site Preparation 84
Strategies for Electrode Placement 86
Chapter Questions 90
Chapter 5—General Assessment Considerations 93
Factors That Affect Interpretation 93
Surface Electromyography and Clinical Syndromes 99
Assessment/Treatment Link: An Upper Quarter Example 103
Conclusion 106
Chapter Questions 109
Chapter 6—Static Assessment and Clinical Protocol Ill
Static Assessment Ill
Normative Data 112
Within Patient Analysis 114
Sensitivity and Specificity 117
Reliability 118
Stability of the Signal 119
Interpretation of Static Findings 120
Headache Example 121
Low Back Pain Example 122
The Clinical Procedure Associated with the Static Assessment 125
Normative Data Comparison Considerations 129
Location of Scan Sites and Interpretation for Each Site 129
Chapter Questions 142
Chapter 7—Emotional Assessment and Clinical Protocol 143
Muscles and Emotional Display 143
The Facial Muscles 143
The Trunk Muscles 144
Relationship of Emotional Arousal to Muscle Activation 145
Reliability of Stress Profiling 146
The Stress Profiling Protocol 147
Patterns of Activation and Recovery 147
Chapter Questions 152
Table of Contents vii
Chapter 8—Dynamic Assessment 153
Dynamic Evaluation of the Neuromuscular System 153
The "Tonic Baseline" Amplitude 153
Recovery of Baseline Levels Following Movement 154
Assessment of Trigger Points 156
Range of Motion 157
Issues Pertaining to the Work Peak 158
Issues Pertaining to Temporal Factors 159
The Issue of Rest 162
Reliability of Dynamic Surface Electromyography Assessments 164
Assessment of the Pelvic Floor 166
Chapter Questions 173
Chapter 9—Treatment Considerations and Protocols 175
An Overview of Treatment 175
Dynamic Relaxation Strategies 185
Surface Electromyographic Feedback and Neuromuscular Reeducation 190
Surface Electromyographic Feedback: Development of Recruitment and Timing
Synergies 192
An Example Involving the Cervical Muscles 195
Summary for Uptraining 196
Pelvic Floor Considerations 197
Chapter Questions 200
Chapter 10—Documentation 203
Basic Documentation 203
Assessment Considerations 204
Treatment Considerations 206
Documentation as an Outcome Measure 207
Relationship of Surface Electromyography to Other Measures 207
Comprehensive List of Elements To Document 208
Issues Pertaining to Third Party Reimbursement 209
Chapter Questions 212
Chapter 11—Surface Electromyography Past, Present, and Future 213
Surface Electromyography as an Emerging Technology 213
The Use of Surface Electromyography To Study the Effects of Prayer 214
Chapter 12—Conclusion 221
PART II—ATLAS FOR ELECTRODE PLACEMENT 223
Jeffrey R. Cram and Glenn S. Kasman with Jonathan Holtz
Chapter 13—Electrode Atlas Overview 225
Introduction 225
Information Contained in Electrode Atlas 225
Reference Planes and Movement Descriptions 229
viii Introduction to Surface Electromyography
Chapter 14—Electrode Placements 237
Frontal (Wide) Placement 237
Temporal/Mastoid (Wide) Placement 239
Temporal/Masseter (Wide) Placement 241
Temporal/Suprahyoid (Wide) Placement 242
Suprahyoid Placement 244
Cervical Trapezius (Wide) Placement 246
Upper Trapezius (Wide) Placement 249
Anterior Temporalis Placement 250
Masseter Placement 252
Cheek (Zygomaticus) Placement 254
Orbicularis Oculi Placement 255
Buccinator Placement 257
Frontalis (Narrow) Placement 259
Corrugator Placement 261
Sternocleidomastoid (SCM) Placement 262
Scalene (Anterior) Placement 266
Midcervical (C 4) Paraspinal Placement 269
Cervical Dorsal (Wide) Placement 271
Upper Trapezius (Narrow) Placement 273
Interscapular (Middle Trapezius) Placement 276
Lower Interscapular (Lower Trapezius) Placement 277
Serratus Anterior (Lower Fibers) Placement 281
Suprascapular Fossa (Upper Trapezius/Supraspinatus) Placement 284
Infraspinatus Placement 287
Anterior Deltoid Placement 289
Middle Deltoid Placement 291
Posterior Deltoid Placement 292
Pectoralis Major (Clavicular and Sternal) Placement 293
Wrist to Wrist (Wide) Placement 295
Forearm Flexor/Extensor (Wide) Placement 298
Forearm Extensor Bundle (Wide) Placement 300
Forearm Flexor Bundle (Wide) Placement 302
Biceps Brachium Placement 304
Triceps Placement 307
Brachioradialis Placement 310
Ventral Forearm (Pronator Teres) Placement 312
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Placement 313
Extensor Carpi Radialis (Longus and Brevis) Placement 315
Extensor Digitorum Placement 317
Flexor Carpi Radialis and Palmaris Longus Placement 319
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Placement 322
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Placement 323
Abductor Pollicis Longus and Extensor Pollicis Brevis Placement 325
First Dorsal Interosseus Placement 326
Flexor Pollicis Brevis Placement 327
Abductor Pollicis Brevis Placement 328
Table of Contents ix
Dorsal Lumbar (Wide) Placement 329
T 12 Paraspinal Placement 331
Latissimus Dorsi Placement 334
Low Back (Erector Spinae) Placement at L 3 336
Lateral Low Back (Quadratus Lumborum and External Obliques) Placement . 340
Rectus Abdominis Placement 343
External Abdominal Oblique Placement 344
Ankle to Ankle (Wide) Placement 347
Gluteus Maximus Placement 349
Gluteus Medius Placement 352
Tensor Fasciae Latae Placement 355
Femoral Triangle (Iliopsoas) Placement 357
Hip Flexor (Sartorius) Placement 359
Rectus Femoris Placement 360
Vastus Lateralis Placement 363
Vastus Medialis (Oblique) Placement 365
Hip Adductor (Adductor Longus/Gracilis) Placement 366
Medial and Lateral Hamstring Placement 368
Ankle Dorsiflexor (Tibialis Anterior) Placement 371
Gastrocnemius Placement 373
Soleus Placement 374
Extensor Digitorum Brevis Placement 376
Perivaginal and Perirectal Placement 378
Chapter Questions 384
Appendix A—Glossary of Terms 389
Appendix B—Answers to Chapter Questions 395
Index 397 |
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| spelling | Introduction to surface electromyography Jeffrey R. Cram ; Glenn S. Kasman with Jonathan Holtz Gaithersburg, Md. Aspen 1998 XIV, 408 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Später u.d.T.: Cram's introduction to surface electromyography Elektromyografie gtt Electromyography Elektromyographie (DE-588)4014316-8 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4151278-9 Einführung gnd-content Elektromyographie (DE-588)4014316-8 s DE-604 Cram, Jeffrey R. Sonstige oth Kasman, Glenn S. Sonstige oth Holtz, Jonathan Sonstige oth HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=015163124&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Introduction to surface electromyography Elektromyografie gtt Electromyography Elektromyographie (DE-588)4014316-8 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4014316-8 (DE-588)4151278-9 |
| title | Introduction to surface electromyography |
| title_auth | Introduction to surface electromyography |
| title_exact_search | Introduction to surface electromyography |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Introduction to surface electromyography |
| title_full | Introduction to surface electromyography Jeffrey R. Cram ; Glenn S. Kasman with Jonathan Holtz |
| title_fullStr | Introduction to surface electromyography Jeffrey R. Cram ; Glenn S. Kasman with Jonathan Holtz |
| title_full_unstemmed | Introduction to surface electromyography Jeffrey R. Cram ; Glenn S. Kasman with Jonathan Holtz |
| title_short | Introduction to surface electromyography |
| title_sort | introduction to surface electromyography |
| topic | Elektromyografie gtt Electromyography Elektromyographie (DE-588)4014316-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Elektromyografie Electromyography Elektromyographie Einführung |
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