Chemical Recovery in Alkaline Pulping Processes: A project of the Alkaline Pulping Committee
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
New York, NY
Technical Assoc. of the Pulp and Paper Industry
1968
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Tappi monograph series
32 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | 201 S. graph. Darst. |
Internformat
MARC
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Chemical Recovery in Alkaline Pulping Processes |b A project of the Alkaline Pulping Committee |c ed. by Roy P. Whitney |
| 264 | 1 | |a New York, NY |b Technical Assoc. of the Pulp and Paper Industry |c 1968 | |
| 300 | |a 201 S. |b graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 1 | |a Tappi monograph series |v 32 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a cellulose - pulp - alkaline pulping - black liquor - recovery - plant - maintenance - chemical pulping - collection | |
| 650 | 4 | |a celuloza - vlaknine - alkalno pridobivanje - črna lužnica - regeneracija - stroji - vzdrževanje - kemijska izdelava celuloze - zbornik | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Whitney, Roy P. |e Sonstige |4 oth | |
| 830 | 0 | |a Tappi monograph series |v 32 |w (DE-604)BV004683499 |9 32 | |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m HEBIS Datenaustausch |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=015057037&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804135781404508160 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Chemical Recovery in
Alkaline Pulping
Processes
32
Contents
jc
Mi
f;; CHAPTER 1A(,K
||f 1 Introduction 1
Brief History of Chemical Pulping 1
- The Soda Process 3
j The Sulfite Process 3
V The Sulfate Process 4
Semichemical Processes 4
|;v Development of Alkaline Process Recovery Systems 5
I Recovery Furnaces 8
^ Evaporators 10
jj Causticizing Systems H
; Present Status of Recovery Technology 12
2 Concentration of Black Liquor 15
^ Heat Transfer Properties and Coefficients of Black Liquors 15
f Density and Specific Gravity 15
| Relative Volatility 17
y Heat Capacity and Specific Heat 19
|! Viscosity 19
1 Thermal Conductivity 21
„ Overall Heat Transfer 21
Sensible Heat Transfer 23
Boiling Heat Transfer 24
% Evaporator Types and Auxiliaries 25
LTV Type 25
4 FC Type 28
- VC Type 28
4y Condensers 32
I% Pumps 35
Entrainment Separators 35
ff Multiple-Effect Evaporation 36
Washing Efficiency 36
i: Combustion Requirement 37
Steam Economy 38
Evaporator Performance 45
|| Auxiliary Operations 50
Fiber Removal 50
If Black Liquor Oxidation 52
•*f- Soap Recovery 54
Odor Elimination 57
?-3
Combustion of Black Liquor
Introduction
Functional Description
Heating Values
Reaction Equilibria
Vll
59
59
59
61
61
Vlll
CONTENTS
Combustion Kinetics 65
Thermal-Chemical Performance 65
Recovery Equipment 69
Design Considerations 69
Furnace 70
Screen and Superheater 72
Boiler 72
Economizer 74
Air Heater 74
Cleaning Equipment 75
Direct-Contact Evaporator 78
Fume Collection 80
Dissolving Tank 81
Auxiliaries 83
Operation of Recovery Units 84
Personnel 84
Instrumentation 85
Operating Procedures 87
Combustion 90
Makeup 93
Cleaning 93
Dissolving 94
Auxiliary Fuel 95
Maintenance 95
4 Chemical ^Conversion of Smelt 100
Causticization of Sodium Carbonate 100
Causticizing Equilibrium 100
Carbonate Formation 103
Liquor Characteristics 106
Basic Process 108
Recausticizing Cycle 108
Liquor Circuit 108
Solids Circuit 110
Equipment Flowsheet 112
Green Liquor Clarification 115
Impurities 115
Clarifiers 117
Centrifuges 119
Dregs Washers 119
Slaking and Causticization 121
Operations 121
Controls 121
Equipment 125
Lime Handling and Storage 129
General 129
Equipment 130
White Liquor Clarification 133
Sedimentation 133
CONTENTS ix
Clarifiers 133
Filters 135
Centrifuges 136
Pressure Filters 136
Lime Mud Washing and Dewatering 138
Sedimentation Washers 138
Vacuum Filters 140
Lime Mud Filter 142
Solid Bowl Centrifuge 144
lame Calcination 145
Rotary Kiln 145
Fluid-Bed Calciner 153
5 Recovery Plant Design and Maintenance 159
Design Considerations 159
General Procedure 159
Evaporator System 161
Recovery Unit 164
Dust Collector 166
Recausticizing System 170
Lime Kiln 171
Liquor Storage Tanks 175
Liquor Pumps 175
Soap Skimming and Tall Oil 176
Facilities Arrangement 177
Spent Liquor Disposal 178
Piping 179
Structures and Buildings 180
Instrumentation and Control 181
Electrical Installation 183
Maintenance Procedures 186
Organization 186
Inspection System 190
Work Order and Dispatching System 190
Shutdown Routine 191
Operation-Maintenance Relationship 192
Corrective and Preventive Measures 192
Washouts, Boilouts, and Acid Cleaning 192
Corrosion Prevention 193
Valve Upkeep 193
Pump Upkeep 194
Fan Upkeep 194
Lubrication Program 195
Instrumentation and Control 195
Electrical Checkup 196
Surface Protection 197
Insulation 198
Spare Parts Inventory 198
|
| adam_txt |
Chemical Recovery in
Alkaline Pulping
Processes
32
Contents
jc
Mi
f;; CHAPTER 1A(,K
||f 1 Introduction 1
\ Brief History of Chemical Pulping 1
- The Soda Process 3
j The Sulfite Process 3
V The Sulfate Process 4
Semichemical Processes 4
|;v Development of Alkaline Process Recovery Systems 5
I Recovery Furnaces 8
^ Evaporators 10
jj Causticizing Systems H
; Present Status of Recovery Technology 12
2 Concentration of Black Liquor 15
^ Heat Transfer Properties and Coefficients of Black Liquors 15
f Density and Specific Gravity 15
| Relative Volatility 17
y Heat Capacity and Specific Heat 19
|! Viscosity 19
1 Thermal Conductivity 21
„ Overall Heat Transfer 21
Sensible Heat Transfer 23
Boiling Heat Transfer 24
% Evaporator Types and Auxiliaries 25
LTV Type 25
4 FC Type 28
- VC Type 28
4y Condensers 32
I% Pumps 35
Entrainment Separators 35
ff Multiple-Effect Evaporation 36
Washing Efficiency 36
i: Combustion Requirement 37
Steam Economy 38
Evaporator Performance 45
|| Auxiliary Operations 50
Fiber Removal 50
If Black Liquor Oxidation 52
•*f- Soap Recovery 54
Odor Elimination 57
?-3
Combustion of Black Liquor
Introduction
Functional Description
Heating Values
Reaction Equilibria
Vll
59
59
59
61
61
Vlll
CONTENTS
Combustion Kinetics 65
Thermal-Chemical Performance 65
Recovery Equipment 69
Design Considerations 69
Furnace 70
Screen and Superheater 72
Boiler 72
Economizer 74
Air Heater 74
Cleaning Equipment 75
Direct-Contact Evaporator 78
Fume Collection 80
Dissolving Tank 81
Auxiliaries 83
Operation of Recovery Units 84
Personnel 84
Instrumentation 85
Operating Procedures 87
Combustion 90
Makeup 93
Cleaning 93
Dissolving 94
Auxiliary Fuel 95
Maintenance 95
4 Chemical ^Conversion of Smelt 100
Causticization of Sodium Carbonate 100
Causticizing Equilibrium 100
Carbonate Formation 103
Liquor Characteristics 106
Basic Process 108
Recausticizing Cycle 108
Liquor Circuit 108
Solids Circuit 110
Equipment Flowsheet 112
Green Liquor Clarification 115
Impurities 115
Clarifiers 117
Centrifuges 119
Dregs Washers 119
Slaking and Causticization 121
Operations 121
Controls 121
Equipment 125
Lime Handling and Storage 129
General 129
Equipment 130
White Liquor Clarification 133
Sedimentation 133
CONTENTS ix
Clarifiers 133
Filters 135
Centrifuges 136
Pressure Filters 136
Lime Mud Washing and Dewatering 138
Sedimentation Washers 138
Vacuum Filters 140
Lime Mud Filter 142
Solid Bowl Centrifuge 144
lame Calcination 145
Rotary Kiln 145
Fluid-Bed Calciner 153
5 Recovery Plant Design and Maintenance 159
Design Considerations 159
General Procedure 159
Evaporator System 161
Recovery Unit 164
Dust Collector 166
Recausticizing System 170
Lime Kiln 171
Liquor Storage Tanks 175
Liquor Pumps 175
Soap Skimming and Tall Oil 176
Facilities Arrangement 177
Spent Liquor Disposal 178
Piping 179
Structures and Buildings 180
Instrumentation and Control 181
Electrical Installation 183
Maintenance Procedures 186
Organization 186
Inspection System 190
Work Order and Dispatching System 190
Shutdown Routine 191
Operation-Maintenance Relationship 192
Corrective and Preventive Measures 192
Washouts, Boilouts, and Acid Cleaning 192
Corrosion Prevention 193
Valve Upkeep 193
Pump Upkeep 194
Fan Upkeep 194
Lubrication Program 195
Instrumentation and Control 195
Electrical Checkup 196
Surface Protection 197
Insulation 198
Spare Parts Inventory 198 |
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| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T16:01:47Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T20:45:57Z |
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| language | English |
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| publishDate | 1968 |
| publishDateSearch | 1968 |
| publishDateSort | 1968 |
| publisher | Technical Assoc. of the Pulp and Paper Industry |
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| series | Tappi monograph series |
| series2 | Tappi monograph series |
| spelling | Chemical Recovery in Alkaline Pulping Processes A project of the Alkaline Pulping Committee ed. by Roy P. Whitney New York, NY Technical Assoc. of the Pulp and Paper Industry 1968 201 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Tappi monograph series 32 cellulose - pulp - alkaline pulping - black liquor - recovery - plant - maintenance - chemical pulping - collection celuloza - vlaknine - alkalno pridobivanje - črna lužnica - regeneracija - stroji - vzdrževanje - kemijska izdelava celuloze - zbornik Whitney, Roy P. Sonstige oth Tappi monograph series 32 (DE-604)BV004683499 32 HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=015057037&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Chemical Recovery in Alkaline Pulping Processes A project of the Alkaline Pulping Committee Tappi monograph series cellulose - pulp - alkaline pulping - black liquor - recovery - plant - maintenance - chemical pulping - collection celuloza - vlaknine - alkalno pridobivanje - črna lužnica - regeneracija - stroji - vzdrževanje - kemijska izdelava celuloze - zbornik |
| title | Chemical Recovery in Alkaline Pulping Processes A project of the Alkaline Pulping Committee |
| title_auth | Chemical Recovery in Alkaline Pulping Processes A project of the Alkaline Pulping Committee |
| title_exact_search | Chemical Recovery in Alkaline Pulping Processes A project of the Alkaline Pulping Committee |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Chemical Recovery in Alkaline Pulping Processes A project of the Alkaline Pulping Committee |
| title_full | Chemical Recovery in Alkaline Pulping Processes A project of the Alkaline Pulping Committee ed. by Roy P. Whitney |
| title_fullStr | Chemical Recovery in Alkaline Pulping Processes A project of the Alkaline Pulping Committee ed. by Roy P. Whitney |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chemical Recovery in Alkaline Pulping Processes A project of the Alkaline Pulping Committee ed. by Roy P. Whitney |
| title_short | Chemical Recovery in Alkaline Pulping Processes |
| title_sort | chemical recovery in alkaline pulping processes a project of the alkaline pulping committee |
| title_sub | A project of the Alkaline Pulping Committee |
| topic | cellulose - pulp - alkaline pulping - black liquor - recovery - plant - maintenance - chemical pulping - collection celuloza - vlaknine - alkalno pridobivanje - črna lužnica - regeneracija - stroji - vzdrževanje - kemijska izdelava celuloze - zbornik |
| topic_facet | cellulose - pulp - alkaline pulping - black liquor - recovery - plant - maintenance - chemical pulping - collection celuloza - vlaknine - alkalno pridobivanje - črna lužnica - regeneracija - stroji - vzdrževanje - kemijska izdelava celuloze - zbornik |
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