The foe within: fantasies of treason and the end of Imperial Russia
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Ithaca, N.Y. [u.a.]
Cornell Univ. Press
2006
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Table of contents Inhaltsverzeichnis Register // Gemischte Register |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references and index |
| Beschreibung: | XIII, 286 S. Ill., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 0801444268 |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Fuller, William C. |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a The foe within |b fantasies of treason and the end of Imperial Russia |c William C. Fuller |
| 264 | 1 | |a Ithaca, N.Y. [u.a.] |b Cornell Univ. Press |c 2006 | |
| 300 | |a XIII, 286 S. |b Ill., Kt. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Includes bibliographical references and index | ||
| 600 | 1 | 4 | |a Mi︠a︢soedov, Sergeĭ Nikolaevich |d 1866-1915 |
| 600 | 1 | 4 | |a Sukhomlinov, Vladimir Aleksandrovich |d 1848-1926 |
| 600 | 1 | 7 | |a Mjasoedov, Sergej N. |d 1867-1915 |0 (DE-588)118898469 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 600 | 1 | 7 | |a Suchomlinov, Vladimir A. |d 1848-1926 |0 (DE-588)130044474 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 648 | 7 | |a Geschichte 1914-1917 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Geschichte | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Weltkrieg (1914-1918) | |
| 650 | 4 | |a World War, 1914-1918 |z Russia | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Treason |z Russia |x History | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Espionage, German |z Russia |x History | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Spionage |0 (DE-588)4056287-6 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
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| 689 | 1 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 689 | 2 | 0 | |a Suchomlinov, Vladimir A. |d 1848-1926 |0 (DE-588)130044474 |D p |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804135544911822848 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | THE FOE WITHIN / FULLER, WILLIAM C. : 2006
TABLE OF CONTENTS / INHALTSVERZEICHNIS
INTRODUCTION : A HANGING IN WARSAW
VERZHBOLOVO
KIEV
ST. PETERSBURG
REALIGNMENTS AND BETRAYALS
THE FIRST PHASE OF THE WAR
THE ROOTS OF SPY MANIA
THE GREAT RETREAT
REVOLUTION AND FINAL ACT : THE CASE AGAINST V.A. SUKHOMLINOV
CONCLUSION : PATRIOTS AND TRAITORS.
DIESES SCHRIFTSTUECK WURDE MASCHINELL ERZEUGT.
Index
Note: Page numbers in italics refer to illustrations.
Ábelov, V. D.,
92
agrarian socialism,
257
alcohol
prohibition during World War I,
228, 229
state monopoly over,
20
Alekseev, M. V.,
82,149,
197>
206, 229, 232, 253
Alexander III (emperor of Russia),
42
Alexandra (empress of Russia)
murder of,
255
political influence of,
193,197, 204
and Sukhomlinovs,
209, 210
suspicions of treason by,
5,162, 212, 230
Altschüller,
Alexander
business activities of,
53-54, 75-77,106-7
and Butovich divorce,
53-54, 55, 57,101
espionage charges against,
212-13, 224-25, 253
friendship with Sukhomlinov,
55, 75, 76, 263
and Goshkevich,
59, 77,107
immigration to Russia,
53
move to Austria,
107
move to St. Petersburg,
75, 76
Altschüller,
Oscar,
75,106,107,195
Ambrecht, Frederica-Luisa, 145
ammunition, shortages in World War 1,
128-29,
188
Andronnikov, M. M.,
70,
7ОП39,
yi
and
Altschüller, 76
and Chervinskaia,
ш
death of,
255
enmity toward Sukhomlinovs,
109-11,183,195,
205
and Rasputin,
111
as Sukhomlinovs intermediary,
74, 82
anti-Semitism, in Russia
of high officials,
76,176
history of,
174
revolution of
1905
and,
44
right-wing politics and,
45
upsurge in early 20th century,
21
World War I and,
175-80
Antonii
(Metropolitan of Petersburg),
58
Arkhipov, Major General,
123
Arnold (agricultural colonist),
152
artillery, in World War 1,
128-29,187-89
Aurikh, Anna,
100
Austria-Hungary
annexation of Bosnia and Herzegovina by,
72
intelligence successes of,
95,121
Slavic subjects of,
116, 220
spy mania in,
168
in World War 1,
116,118;
Brusilov offensive and,
206-7;
casualties in,
127-28;
defeats of,
184;
Eastern front advance of,
185,186;
Galician
battles of,
127
Badmaev, P.
Α.,
207-9
Bairashevskii, Imam,
176
Balinskii, P. I.,
106
Ballin, Albert,
21, 34
Bark, P. L.,
178
Batiushin,
N.
S.
arrest of,
241
and investigation of Miasoedov,
137
responsibility for Masuria catastrophe,
163
and spy mania,
165,166,
167П52
Tainaia voennaia razvedka,
7П30
Bauermeister,
Alexander,
133-34,135,169-70
Beletskii, S. P.,
98
Bern, Ernst,
135
Benckendorff, Count,
178,179
Benson, Pavel Vladimirovich,
144,155-57,158-59
Berend,
G. Z.,
144,149
Berezovskiis,
50, 58, 63, 66, 76
Bismarck,
Busso
von, 153
Bismarck,
Otto von, 258
Bloody Sunday massacre
(1905), 43
Bobrinskii, V.
Α.,
194
Bogdanov, E. V.,
108
Bogdanova (German spy),
152
Bogrov, Dmitrii,
65,101
Bolsheviks
Germany s support for,
240,
241П78
opposition to World War 1,
141, 238, 240, 259
Revolution of October
1917, 254
and spy mania,
231
uprising of luly
1917, 238-39, 243
Bonch-Bruevich, Mikhail D.,
4,
40,137-38.
163.
165-67, 240
Bonch-Bruevich, Vladimir,
165
Booth, Sir Alfred,
146
Borshneva, Elena,
145
Bortkevich, Captain,
151
275
INDEX
276
Botkin,
E. S.,
80
Botkin,
V. S.,
66, 80
Braunshtein, Fishka,
171
Braunshtein
brothers of Kibarty,
23
Britain
criticism of Russia s treatment of Jews,
177-79
Sukhomlinov s biography published in,
109
in World War 1,
117,
п8п2,
240
xenophobia during World War 1,
172
Brusilov, Aleksei,
187, 206
as commander in chief,
238
on food supply crisis,
229
on munitions crisis,
2221121
offensive under,
205-7,
2 lS>·
-60
on Polivanovtsy,
200
Bubnov,
Л. П.,
2371170
Buchanou, Sir
George,
146, 182
Bulatseľ,
Lev,
66, 79, 86,111
Busch, Tristan, 168
Butovich, Ekaterina
Viktorovna. SťťSukhomli-
nova, Ekaterina Viktorovna
Butovich, Vladimir Nikolaevich, 49-50
Ekaterina Viktorovna s
divorce
from,
51-53,
56-58, 60
legal
action against former wife,
102-3
newspaper attacks on Sukhomlinov,
101-2
Chebyshev (judge),
244
Chervinskaia, Nataliia Iliarionovna,
58-59,110—11,
183, 216
Clausewitz,
Carl von, 171
Conrad
von Hötzendorff,
Franz,
184, 219
Council of State Defense,
55, 56, 81-82
counterintelligence (CD, Russian
anxiety about outflow of secrets to Austria,
95, 96
Bonch-Bruevich s new system of,
167
information in possession of,
69
Miasoedov s work in,
68-72
Provisional Governments mismanagement of,
241-42
reorganization of,
67
and spy mania,
167-69, 264
uncontrollable growth of,
166
during World War
1,152
The Crosses penitentiary,
254
Cunard Steamship Company,
34,146
Dal geim (opera singer),
180
Danchich,
1).
D.,
244, 247, 250
Danilov, lurii N.,
281156, 95,129,130,185, 253
Dashkov, D. la.,
124
Delcassé, Théophile,
74
Denikin, Anton,
4, 187
Distcrgof (surveillance agent),
137,140
Dmitrii Pavlovich, Grand Duke,
230
Dontsov
(agent),
31
Dragomirov, M. I.,
42, 72
Dubnow, Simon,
44,173
Duma
demand for political reform,
197
Miliukov s treason or stupidity speech at,
211-12
Nicholas II s relations with,
193,197
reaction to Miasoedov s execution,
140—41
start of World War
1
and,
119
Sukhomlinov s relations with,
83-84, 90—91,191,
193-94, 247
Dumbadze, I.,
108
Dumbadze, Vasilii,
108-9,195-96, 213, 225-26, 256
Dunlin,
107
Durnovo, P. N.,
259
emigration, from Russian Empire
illegal bolder crossings,
22-23
Jewish,
20-21
Lithuanian,
20
Miasoedov s paper on,
23-24
emigration business
Freidberg family and,
25,112
Miasoedov s financial stake in,
24-25
steamship lines in,
21-25,
35-36
Epanchin,
Ν. Α.,
46,132
Erandakov, V.
Α.,
68, 69, 99
investigation of Countess Nostits,
157
Kolakovskii s revelations and,
136
surveillance of Maisoedov by,
100-101
testimony at Sukhomlinov s trial,
226, 251-52
Eremev,
D. M.,
2
Eremin, A. M.,
79, 86-87
Ermolinskii, General,
155
Eydtkuhnen,
14,16, 23
factories, Russian
foreign-owned, closure during World War 1,
181
inadequate munitions production by,
189
Falk,
Robert,
35-37, 71-72,125,149
trial of,
147,148-49,164
Falkenhayn, Erich
von, 184,199
February Revolution of
1917
anarchy following,
235-36
easy triumph of, explanations for,
230-31
factors responsible for,
228-30
food shortages and,
201, 231-32
Miasoedov/Sukhomlinov affair and,
7-8
Miliukov s treason or stupidity speech and,
211-12
paranoia after,
239-40
violence accompanying,
232, 233
and war effort,
237-38
Feodos ev,
Μ. Ε.,
244
Ferguson, Niall,
п8п2
filery,
30-31
INDEX
Finn, V.-N.
Z.,
76
Fischer, Fritz,
118
Flek,
Hauptmann, 171
food shortages,
229-30
and February Revolution of
1917, 201, 231-32
Provisional Government and,
237
Fortress of Peter and Paul,
205, 234-35, 254
France
history of, Russian socialist intellectuals and,
239
Sukhomlinov s reform program and,
74
in World War 1,
117
Franz Ferdinand, Archduke,
116
Freidberg, Boris,
25
arrest of,
144
charges against,
145
enemies of,
171
execution of,
147
friendship with Miasoedov,
90,125
Makarov s letter and,
88
and Northwest Russian Steamship Company,
34-35, 79,112
petitions for release of,
145-46
trial of,
147,164
Freidberg, David
arrest of,
144
charges against,
145
enemies of,
171
execution of,
149
intelligence work by,
122-23
Miasoedov s assistance to,
125
and Northwest Russian Steamship Company,
35
petitions for release of,
145-46
trials of: first,
147,164;
second,
148-49
Freidberg, Iankel,
25
Freidberg, Minna,
147
Freidberg, Samuel,
24-25,
34-35>
37.
123>
45-46
Freinât,
Otton
G.,
6,144-45,147-49, 263
Frid, Israel,
35,147,149,164
Fuchs,
Edward,
14
Gabaev
(engineer),
255
Gempp, A. L. Fritz, 151m,
152
gendarmes. See Separate Corps of Gendarmes
Germans, ethnic, in Russian Empire,
173-74
persecution during World War 1,
133,173,
180-82, 201-2, 261
popular attitudes toward,
174-75. 261
Germany
Bolshevik Party supported by,
240,
241П78
chauvinism and xenophobia during World War
L172
and emigration business,
21-23
Miasoedov affair as disinformation campaign
by,
169-71
migrant Russian workers in,
18,
18П23
military intelligence by,
150-53,169,173-74;
Ko-
lakovskii s testimony regarding,
133-36
and northwestern borderlands of Russia,
18
as Russia s potential enemy,
73-74
unification of,
258
in World War I: advance on Eastern front,
185,
186;
declaration of war on Russian Empire,
118;
East Prussian strategy of,
127,130;
exhaus¬
tion in,
240;
occupation of Russian territo¬
ries,
3;
poison gas used by,
130;
reinforcement
of Eastern front,
184;
responsibility for,
118,
118m; Russia s efforts to predict strategy of,
27-28;
Schlieffen plan of,
28,117,199
Ghibando,
Adolphe, 55, 57
Gol dshtein, Albert,
14, 26
Gol dshtein,
Klara Samuilovna.
See Miasoedova,
Klara
Samuilovna
Gol dshtein, Maria Samuilovna,
14
Gol dshtein, Pavel,
14,144,160
Gol dshtein, Samuil,
14
Golubev, 1.1.,
194
Gorlenko, I. V., in
Goshkevich, Anna Andreevna
arrest and trial of,
195
Butovich s slander case against,
102
divorce of,
108
friendship with Sukhomlinovs,
59,109
testimony at Sukhomlinovs trial,
63, 216, 224
testimony for Butovich divorce,
57-58
as Veller s mistress,
77-78,108
Goshkevich, Klavdiia Nikolaevna,
48-49
Goshkevich, Nikolai Mikhailovich,
57
and
Altschüller, 59, 77,107
arrest and trial of,
195-96
business affairs after
1912,107-8
divorce of,
108
Sukhomlinovs rupture with,
109
and Veller,
77-78,108
Goshkevich, Viktor Ivanovich,
48
Got e, Iu. V.,
8
Greifan, General,
100
Grelling, Richard,
251
Grensach, Captain,
151
Grey, Sir Edward,
146
Grigor ev, V. N.,
189,
189П23
Grinberg, Otto,
23, 24
Grinman steamship booking company,
23, 24
Grotgus, Baron
Otton,
35, 37,144,147-49.
2бЗ
Gruzenberg,
О. О.,
32, 34, 93,144
Gubonin,
A. S.,
86-87
Guchkov,
Aleksandr
Ivanovich,
83-84, 85
duel with Miasoedov,
92-93,120, 226
emigration of,
255
enmity toward Sukhomlinov,
84-86
informants of,
84
intrigue against Miasoedov,
90-91, 94-95,
96,
262
277
INDEX
278
Guchkov,
Aleksandr
Ivanovich
(continued)
military expertise of,
84
Nicholas It s dislike for,
94
personality of,
83, 86
plot against Sukhomlinov,
87-91
and Polivanov,
84,193, 204
in Provisional Government,
235, 243
reaction to Miasoedov s execution,
140-41
and Rediger s ouster,
56, 86
Sukhomlinov s attorney on,
247-48
war industry committees under,
191
as war minister,
235, 242
Guchkov,
N.
I.,
80
Gulevich,
Α. Α.,
137,147,148,
ібз,
164
Gyro Company,
106
Hamburg-American Line,
21, 22, 35
Herschanovich (Jewish resident of
Mariopol),
176
hidden cadres system,
73
Hindenberg, Paul,
128,130,199
Hoare, Sir Samuel,
9П36
Hohenzollern
emperor,
258
Holy Synod,
56-58, 70,102
lanushkevich,
N. N.
anti-Semitism of,
76,177, 262
correspondence with Sukhomlinov,
222, 227
investigation of Countess Nostits and,
157,158
Miasoedov s trial and,
163—64
and spy mania,
166
testimony at Sukhomlinov s trial,
225, 251
and trials of Miasoedov s associates,
148
Iaruzel skaia, Mariia
Aleksandrova,
155,156
Ignat ev, Pavel,
177
infiltration operations,
121—23
inflation, during World War I,
228
intelligence. See military intelligence; spy mania
Ipatev, V. N.,
202
Isheev, P. P.,
15
Israel,
Oskar,
65
Italy, in World War 1,
184, 206
Iurshevskii (judge),
244
Iusupov,
Feliks,
230
Ivan III Vasilievich, Grand Prince,
10
Ivanov,
N.
I.,
82-83, 84, 96,187
Ivanov,
V. G.
arrest and trial of,
195—96
business dealings of,
77, 78,108
Kuz min Report on,
212, 213
Sukhomlinov s statement on,
225
Ivanova, Nina,
195
Japan, war with. See Russo-Japanese War of
1904-5
Jews, Russian
British criticism of treatment of,
177-79
education quotas for,
77
emigration of,
20-21
pogroms of
1905, 44
popular attitudes toward,
174
Sukhomlinov s relations with,
45, 46, 76
during World War I: focus of national hostility
on,
173,176-77, 261;
Germany s use as spies,
133—34,173;
support organizations of,
179-80
See also anti-Semitism
Jolts,
Rediger von der, 256
Kadet
Party,
243
Kaledin, Victor,
5
Kalmykov,
Andrei,
46
Kamenev,
N.
M.,
66
Kan,
Izabella,
113,145
Kaplan
(music hall singer),
48
Kaplan
(Vilna
wine merchant),
144
Karas, Ivan,
44
Karlsberg,
Spiro
and Company,
25
Karpov, I. K.,
144
Katkov, George,
6, 7
Katsenlenbogen, Joseph,
88,113
Kazarinov, M. G.,
244-46, 248-49, 251-52, 254
Kedys,
Antonina,
144,153—55,158
Kel pin (Singer Co. official),
166
Kerenskii, A. F.,
142
Kornilov affair and,
239, 240
Miasoedov affair exploited by,
141
in Provisional Government,
233—34, 235, 243
and Sukhomlinovs trial,
243-44, 250
Kharitonov, P.
Α.,
179
Khvostov,
Α. Α.,
205
Kiev,
39—40, 41
intelligence office in, on Miasoedov s services,
26-27
revolutionary upheaval during
1905, 43—44
Sukhomlinov as governor-general of,
44-45
Vladimir Cathedral in,
49
Kievan (newspaper),
48
Kiev Gazette (newspaper),
48
Kiun e, Mariia Frantsevna,
104, 216
Kliegels,
N.
V.,
44
Kokovtsov, V.
N.
enmity toward Miasoedov,
64
enmity toward Sukhomlinov,
46, 80-81, 94
Makarov s letter against Miasoedov and,
89
Miasoedov s appeal to,
97-98
personality of,
81
at Sukhomlinov s trial,
246
Kolakovskii,
lakov Pavlovich,
132-36,159,169—70,
171.175
Kolomnin, Lieutenant,
80
Komarów,
Baron
Moritz Auffenberg von, 95
Konstantin Konstantinovich,
Grand Duke,
124,
160-61
Koreish, Elizaveta Nikolaevna,
48, 55
INDEX
Korf,
Baroness,
47
Kornilov, Lazr,
239
Kornilov affair,
239, 241
Koslowitz, Max,
152
Kristaner, Father V. V.,
2
Kriuchkov,
Kozma,
262
Krivoshein, A. V.,
192,193,194
Krupenskii, P. N.,
92
Krupps, 105
Kryzhanovskii, V. V.,
120
Kshinskaia (ballerina),
105
Kudriavtsev, Lev and
Petr,
31-32
Kuliabko,
N.
N.,
101
Kull, Eynar,
152
Kurlov, P. G.,
38, 46, 64,120,125,165-66
Kuz min,
Ι. Α.,
205, 212-13,
2i9> 225
land confiscations, during World War 1,
181-82
Laquer,
Walter,
260
Laurens,
Vera, 55
Lenin, Vladimir Il ich,
141, 238, 240, 259
Lentser, Franz,
88
Levitán,
Isaac,
13
Liadov (judge),
244
Lincoln, W. Bruce,
6П22
Link, District Chief,
23, 24
Lipshits, A. I.,
144,147,149
Lithuania, during World War 1,
185
Lithuanians, emigration from Russia,
20
Lodz, battle of,
128,129
Lucette (cabaret singer),
75,107
Ludendorff, Erich,
130,199
Lukirskii, Colonel,
1
Lukomskii, A. S.,
222П21
Lvov, Prince G.,
235
Mackensen, August
von, 184-85
Mackiewicz, Josef,
256
Magerovskaia, Nina Petrovna,
113,124,143
Main Artillery Administration
(GAU),
and muni¬
tions crisis,
222
Makarov,
Α. Α., 8ι,
98, 213, 246
letter against Miasoedov,
88-89, 91, 94. 96,
ш
Maklakov,
Ν. Α.,
98,192
Manchurian war. See Russo-Japanese War of
1904-5
Mantashev, A. I., no
Maria Fedorovna (dowager empress),
33
Marshall, Alex,
7П30
Martynov, A. P.,
182
Marxism,
257
Marye, George,
143
Masaryk,
Tomas, 220
Mashek,
Aleksandr,
217-18, 219-20, 224-25
Maslov,
P. P.,
62, 226
Masurian lakes, battles of,
127,130-32.
138
Matveev, investigation of Miasoedov affair,
138-39,
144,147,164
Mavrin,
Α. Α.,
4б
Melgunov,
S. P.,
180
Menning,
Bruce,
28П54,
12бП2б
Menshevik Party,
100
Menshutkin (judge),
244
Miasoed,
lakov,
10
Miasoedov,
D. M.,
140—41
Miasoedov, D.
N.
(Sergei s brother),
92
Miasoedov, Nikolai (Sergei s father),
10
Miasoedov, Nikolai Nikolaevich (Sergei s brother),
114,138,164
Miasoedov, Nikolai Sergeievich (Sergei s son),
14mi,
38
Miasoedov, Sergei Nicholaevich
army service of: prior to World War 1,
11;
during
World War 1,
120-24
arrest of,
137
charges against: in
1906, 29-30;
in
1912, 89;
in
1915,138-39
duel with Guchkov,
92-93,120, 226
education of,
11
enemies of,
29, 30, 34, 36, 78-80, 98
execution of,
2;
reactions to,
140-41
family background of,
10-11
financial problems of,
33-34, 64,113
and Freidbergs,
25, 34-35, 37,112—13, 263
Germanophilia of,
11,100,101,139, 263
guilt of, general belief in,
4-5
hunting passion of,
14,17
imprisonment of,
1-2,137-38
innocence of: backlash against theory of,
7П30;
petitions regarding,
1, 2,138;
proof of,
6,140
and intelligence work: interest in,
67-68,120;
during Verzhbolovo years,
25-29;
during War
Ministry tenure,
71-72;
during World War I,
120-24
intrigues against: Guchkov and,
90-91;
Ko-
lakovskii s allegations and,
134,136;
Makarov s
letter and,
88-89;
newspaper campaign,
89-90, 94-95;
Ponomarev and,
30-32;
re¬
sponse to,
91-93, 97-98;
Sukhomlinov s adju¬
tants and,
86-87
investigations of: after Kolakovskii s testimony,
136-37;
after newspaper scandal,
99-100;
Ponomarev s,
30-32
marriage of,
14-15;
crises in,
34, 65,114-15;
son s
death and,
38
medals and orders of,
16
at Ministry of War,
66-72,79, 90
mistress of,
65, 66,113-15,124-25
move to St. Petersburg,
37-38
name of: meaning of,
10;
as synonym for traitor,
8
New Year s Eve party hosted by,
66, 80
279
INDEX
o Miasoedov,
Sergei Nicholaevich (continued)
paper on illegal emigration movement,
23-24
personality of,
11,125-26
physical appearance of,
11,12
profile of treason for,
263—64
as scapegoat: army conspiracy hypothesis for,
164;
bad luck hypothesis for,
159—60;
Ger¬
man disinformation hypothesis for,
169-71;
in
intrigue against Sukhomlinov,
96;
jealousy
hypothesis for,
160-61;
Russia s losses in
World War I and,
138,161-64;
spy mania and,
165-70
in Separate Corps of Gendarmes,
11-13;
dis¬
charge from,
93, 97;
petitions for reinstate¬
ment to,
37-38;
reinstatement to,
66;
resigna¬
tion from,
33;
service record from,
29
and steamship business,
34-37, 64, 88,111-12,125
and Sukhomlinov: distancing from,
91, 93;
fam¬
ily friendship with,
59, 62-64;
loyalty to,
71;
newspaper scandal and,
98-101;
after out¬
break of World War 1,
119-20;
protection by,
63-64;
Sukhomlinov s testimony on relation¬
ship of,
226-27;
suspicions about association
of,
191,192, 212
surveillance of: in
1912,100-101;
in
1915,137,140
testimony at
1907
Vilna
trial,
32, 34, 38, 98,159
trial of,
1-2;
conviction in,
139-40;
procedural
irregularities in,
137—38
Verzhbolovo years of,
13-18;
intelligence work
during,
25-29;
social connections established
during,
14-15,16-18;
three lives during,
15-16, 29
and
Wilhelm
II,
17, 27, 263
during World War I: army service,
120-24;
reac¬
tion to outbreak of,
115,119—20
Miasoedov, Sergei Sergeievich,
14mi
Miasoedova,
Klara Samuilovna
appeal to Nicholas II,
98
arrest of,
143
after Bolshevik Revolution,
256
dowry of,
14, 33
exile of,
149
financial difficulties of,
124
friendship with Sukhomlinova,
62, 63
husband s extramarital affairs and,
34, 65,114-15,
124
marriage of,
14
as shareholder in Northwest Russian Steamship
Company,
35
trials of: first,
147,164;
second,
148-49
Miasoedova,
Mania (Musa),
2,
14mi,
114,124
Miasoedov affair
anti-Semitism blamed on,
179
and damage to war effort,
171—72
dominant interpretation today,
7
as explanation for Russia s losses in World War
I,
3-5,138,161-64
importance in history of Russia,
7-9,171-72
literature on,
5-7
myths associated with,
141-43
people associated with,
3, 7;
arrests of,
143-46;
trials of,
147-49
political opportunities seen in,
140-41
as psychological warfare by Germany,
169-70
sex and,
264
and spy mania,
141-43,190, 263-64
Sukhomlinov on,
227-28
Mikhail Aleksandrovich, Grand Duke,
232—33
Mikhailov, P. M.,
87,
íoomi
Mikulis, Mateush,
144,147,149,153,154-55,164
military intelligence,
121—23
communications and,
127П27,
153
German,
150-53,168,173-74;
Kolakovskii s testi¬
mony regarding,
133-36
infiltration operations,
121-23
interrogation and,
123
Miasoedov and: interest in position in,
67-68,
120;
investigation following newspaper scan¬
dal,
99-100;
during Verzhbolovo years,
25-29;
during War Ministry tenure,
71-72;
during
World War 1,
120-24
reconnaissance operations,
123
Russia s system of: prior to World War I,
27-28;
successful operations of,
95;
weaknesses of,
26-27
Separate Corps of Gendarmes and,
26-27
See also spy mania
military reform
after Russo-Japanese War,
55—56
Sukhomlinov and,
72-75
military technology
business interests in post-1906 military buildup,
104-6
Sukhomlinov s reform program and,
74-75
See also munitions shortages
Miliukov, Paul
and Guchkov,
92
on Miasoedov affair,
5
in Provisional Government,
235, 243
treason or stupidity speech of,
211-12, 221
ministries, Russian
enmity among,
70, 80-81
patronage networks within,
70—71
Ministry of the Interior (MVD)
grudge against Miasoedov,
33, 37—38, 64, 79, 98
Kerenskii s charges against,
141
Ministry of War
and business interests,
76, 77, 78,104-6
and Department of Police,
67
Great Retreat and popular suspicions regarding,
190
under Guchkov,
235, 242
under Kerenskii,
243
INDEX
Miasoedov at,
66-72, 79
under Polivanov,
193,198-200
after Russo-Japanese War,
55, 56
under Sukhomlinov,
7, 56, 72-75
Sukhomlinov s removal from,
191-92
monarchy
government structure under,
70-71
loss of confidence in,
230-31, 232
threats to,
257
treason associated with,
8, 230-31, 261
See also Nicholas II
Monkevits,
Ν. Α.,
б7, б9
Morgan,
J.
P.,
21
Mossolov,
Α. Α.,
209,
21i
Müller,
Franz,
217, 218-19, 220-21, 224-25
munitions shortages, during World War 1,
128—29,
161,187-89
Brusilov on,
223
inadequacy of Russian factories and,
189
Main Artillery Administration
(GAU)
and,
222
Nicholas Us response to,
190-91
Petrov
Commission on,
203
Polivanov s policies on,
198—99
special conference system created to combat,
191, 201-3
Sukhomlinov blamed for,
215-16, 221-23, 247
Myshlaevskii, A. L,
57, 71
Nabokov,
D. N.,
48
Nabokov, V. D.,
48, 230-31, 262
Nabokova, Maria Ferdinandovna,
47
Napoleon I Bonaparte (emperor of the French),
239, 257
Napoleon III (emperor of the French),
239
nationalism, Russian
internal enemy and,
173,174
outbreak of World War I and,
118-19, 259
as threat to monarchy,
257-58
Naumov, A. N.,
194
Nelidov,
Α.,
157
Nemetti, V. E.,
52
Neverov, A. N.,
46
Nicholas II (emperor of Russia)
abdication of,
232-33
and Council of State Defense,
56
and Duma,
193,197
loss of confidence in,
230-32
on Makarov,
81
Miasoedov s appeal to,
98
munitions crisis and,
190-91
murder of,
255
nationalism of,
258
October Manifesto of,
43
and Polivanov s appointment as minister of war,
193, 204
Rasputin s murder and,
230
and Russia s entry into World War 1,
117,119
Russo-Japanese War and,
43
and Sukhomlinov,
40, 65, 80, 94;
Butovich di¬
vorce and,
52, 53, 56, 57;
clash between
Guchkov and,
93-94;
dismissal from Ministry
of War,
192;
release from prison,
3, 207, 210,
212;
treason association of,
8, 261;
trial of,
204,
213-14;
trials of associates of,
196
as supreme commander in World War 1,
196-97
xenophobic law approved by,
181
Nicolai,
Walter,
27,152-53,160-61,170
Nietzsche, Friedrich, 172
Nikolaev Shipbuilding Company,
105
Nikolai Nikolaevich, Grand Duke
anti-Semitism of,
176,177
assassination schemes targeting,
133,134,135—
36
Council of State Defense under,
55
court/Stavka discord and,
162-63
decamping for Caucasus region,
197
emigration of,
255
empress seen as
antipode
of,
162
enmity toward Sukhomlinov,
81-82,191,192, 222
and Miasoedov s trial,
137,164
popularity of,
161,162
as supreme commander in World War I,
82,128,
196
and trials of Miasoedov s associates,
147,148
Norddeutsche
Lloyd,
22
North Atlantic Steam-Ship Association,
21
northwestern borderlands, Russia s,
18-20,19
emigration business in,
21-25
ethnic minorities in,
20-21
Northwest Russian Steamship Company,
34-37.
64, 79, 88,
Ш-12,
125,144
Nosovich, V. N.,
244, 245, 246-47
Nostits, Countess
Magdalena
(Lilly),
157-58, 252
Nostits, Count Grigorii Ivanovich,
157,158
Novoe Vremia (newspaper),
80, 89,181, 252
Novyi Voskhod (newspaper),
179
October Manifesto,
43
October Revolution of
1917, 254
Octobrist Party,
32, 56, 83
Okhrana,
11
filery
of,
30-31
Miasoedov s exposure of corrupt practices of,
32,33
Okunev,
N.
P.,
254
On German Exploitation (Polivanov),
175
Orenburg Infantry Regiment,
11
Orthodox Church
Holy Synod of,
56-58
position on divorce,
52-53
Osendovskii,
181
Osten-Saken,
Baron V.
F., 32
281
INDEX
Pale of Settlement,
20,179
Paleologue, Maurice,
4
Palitsyn,
F. F., 33, 56
Pan-Slavism,
258
Panteleev, A. I.,
194
Pares, Bernard,
5
patriotism
monarchism as
antipode
of,
261-62
and persecution of minorities,
260—61
World War I and,
118-19, 161, 259
Pau,
Paul-Marie,
143
Peter the Great (emperor of Russia),
18,173
Petrograd. See
St. Petersburg
Petrograd
Soviet
creation of,
232
order number
1
of,
236, 238
and Provisional Government,
235-36
Petrov,
N.
P.,
194
Petrov
Commission,
194-95, 203-4
Petrovich, B. P.,
219
Podushkin, Colonel,
36, 37, 79, 94
poison gas, use in World War 1,
130
Poland
partitions of,
18
during World War 1,
126,185
Poliakov,
Colonel,
220
politics, and spy mania,
8—9,182-83, 262
Polivanov,
Α. Α., 8ι
anonymous accusations against,
87
Butovich s complaints and,
52
enmity toward Sukhomlinov, 8i
and Guchkov,
84,193, 204
as minister of war,
193,198-200
plot against Sukhomlinov,
87-91, 94
removal from Ministry of War,
93-94, 204
Sukhomlinov s distrust of,
71
Polivanov, Nikolai,
175
Polli-Pollacheck, Adrian,
156-57
Pollock, John,
178
Polovtsov, I. F.,
193
Ponomarev, Cornet,
30-32, 36, 87
Posnikov, A. S.,
194
Prager, 144
Princip, Gavrilo,
116
prisoners of war (POWs)
ethnic Germans considered as,
180
interrogation of,
123
Russian, during World War 1,
133
Prodamet,
107
Progressive Bloc,
197, 203
Protopopov, A. D.,
211, 233
Provisional Government
arrests ordered by, z^
Bolshevik uprising of July
1917
and,
238-39, 241,
243
challenges facing,
235-38, 242-43
civil rights protection under,
238—39
counterrevolution threat and,
239—40
creation of,
232
dominant figures in,
235
land policy decision postponed by,
236
and military counterintelligence,
241—42
and
Petrograd
Soviet,
235-36
spy mania under,
239, 240-42
and Sukhomlinovs trial,
243-44, 250
Pupkow (lumber magnate),
152
Purishkevich, V. M.,
211, 230
Radko-Dmitriev,
R. D.,
187
railways
German net of,
73
Russian, slow decay of,
201, 229
during Russo-Japanese War,
42
stations serving as portals into Russia,
16
Rasputin, Grigorii Efimovich,
7, 210
and Andronnikov,
111
Guchkov s denunciationof,
94
murder of,
230,
230П48
opposition to World War I,
212, 259
political influence of,
111,197, 210
and Sukhomlinova,
49, 209-10
support for Sukhomlinov,
209, 210
trials of Sukhomlinov s associates and,
196
Rech
(newspaper),
32,179
Red Cross,
48
Rediger,
A. F.,
56, 72, 81, 202, 222
Redl,
Alfred,
95
exposure of,
168,
225П28;
San-Kiraly s testimony
regarding,
219, 220, 224
and Untern-Shternberg espionage case, loonii
Reek, Staff-Captain,
220, 221
Rein, G. E.,
235
Reinert, Emma,
153
Rennenkampf,
P. K.,
127,155, 219
revolution
of
1905-7, 29, 43-44, 258
and Russia s defeat in war with Japan,
168-69
Stolypin s methods for suppressing,
33
See also February Revolution of
1917;
October
Revolution of
1917
revolutionaries
lax border controls and,
24
response to Miasoedov s
Vilna
testimony,
32
revolutionary terrorism,
30,33, 43
Rezanov, A. S.,
175,
211П97
rifles, Russia s shortages in World War 1,
129,187-88
Rigert, Frantz,
14,114
arrest of,
144
execution of,
149
first trial of,
147,164
Kedys testimony regarding,
154-55
second trial of,
148—49
INDEX
right-wing
politics
and anti-Semitism,
45, 260-61
revolution of
1905
and,
44
revolution of
1917
and,
239-40
Rodzianko, Mikhail V.,
141,191, 211
Germanophobia of,
180-81, 202
on Miasoedov affair,
4,140
Romanov dynasty
end of,
255
See also names of individual members
Romer,
Saxe,
5
Rosen, Baron R. R.,
259
Rowan, Richard Wilmer,
5
Rubin (Miasoedov s agent),
28-29
Rubinshtein, Dmitrii,
167^2, 212
Rumania, in World War I,
207
Russia
Black Sea fleet of,
237П70
Eastern crisis of
1908-9
and,
72
economic boom in prewar years,
75
internal crisis of
1905-7, 29-30, 43
northwestern borderlands of,
18—25,
¡9
in World War I: apparent recovery in,
198-200;
Brusilov as commander in chief in,
238;
Brusilov offensive in,
205-7,208, 260;
casual¬
ties in,
3,127,129,132,161,185,198, 207, 238;
East Prussian strategy in,
127,130;
entry in,
116-17, 118, 251;
February Revolution of
1917
and,
237-38;
financial crisis during,
228;
food
supply crisis during,
229-30;
government
blamed for army s agony in,
161-62;
Great
Retreat in,
3,185,185-87;
hidden cadres sys¬
tem in,
73;
manpower crisis in,
129-30;
Mia¬
soedov affair as explanation for losses in,
3-5,
138,161-64;
munitions shortages in,
128-29,
161,187-89;
Nicholas II as supreme com¬
mander in,
196-97;
Nikolai Nikolaevich as
supreme commander in,
82,128,196;
North¬
west Front,
121,126,127,130-32;
officers re¬
sponsible for army s failure in,
163-64,187;
patriotism at start of,
118-19;
political opposi¬
tion to,
141, 238, 240, 259;
Polivanov s new
draft quotas and,
198, 200;
potential weak¬
nesses in,
170;
refugees in,
187;
Southwest
Front,
126, 127-28,161;
spy mania and damage
to war effort,
171-72,182-83, 202;
treason as
excuse for losses in,
259-60;
war plan in,
126
Russian Artillery Works Company,
105-6
Russian East Asiatic Steamship Company,
35, 36,
79,94
Russian Volunteer Fleet,
35-36
Russification
policy,
126, 258
Russkii invalid (newspaper),
100,176
Russkoe
slovo
(newspaper),
260
Russo-Japanese War of
1904-5, 29, 42-43
loss of Baltic fleet in,
43,104
military reform necessitated by,
55-56
military technology used in,
74
revolution of
1905
and defeat in,
168-69
and spy mania,
69
Russo-Turkish War of
1877-78,
Sukhomlinov in,
40,42
Rutherford, Ward,
6п22
Rutsinskii, Frantz,
135
Ruzskii,
N.
V.,
1,121,130,138,163, 232
Sabler
(Holy Synod Procurator),
192,193
St. Petersburg,
61
Altschiiller s move to,
75, 76
Bloody Sunday massacre in,
43
food crisis in,
230
Miasoedov s move to,
37-38
name change to
Petrograd, 119
Sukhomlinovs circle in,
56, 58-62
Sukhomlinov s move to,
56
St. Petersburg Metallurgical Works,
106
Samoilo,
Α. Α.,
26,164, 217, 220
Samsonov, A. V.,
127
Sanborn, Josh,
118П3
San-Kiraly. See Müller,
Franz
Savich,
S. S.,
226
Sazonov.
S. D.,
117,157,178
Schleicher, Kurt von, 256
Schlieffen, Alfred
von, 28
Schlieffen plan,
28,117,199
Schneider-Creusot,
105
Schrader (factory owner),
182
Schuier
(merchant),
31
Separate Corps of Gendarmes,
11-13
intelligence work of,
26-27
Miasoedov in: discharge from,
93;
petitions for
reinstatement to,
37-38;
reinstatement to,
66;
resignation from,
33;
service record from,
29
Sergei Mikhailovich, Grand Duke,
105, 215, 221,
222, 246
sex, Miasoedov/Sukhomlinov affair and,
264
Shakovskoi, V. N.,
181, 202
Shatsillo, K.
F., 6, 7
Shavelskii, Father
Georgii,
46
Shcheglovitov, I. G.,
192,193, 205, 233
Shcherbatov,
N.
В.,
177
Shirinov, Pavel,
163
Shlikhter, A. G.,
43
show trial, first,
243
Shpeier, Colonel,
13
Shturmer, B. V.,
210, 213
Shurinov, P. M.,
15
Shuvaev, D. S.,
204
Shuvalov, Andrei,
155
Simanovich,
Aron,
196
Singer Sewing Machine Company,
166
Skoda,
105
283
INDEX
o Skopnik, Richard,
133,135,145
Smorodskii,
Ρ. Α.,
124
Social Democrats, Russian,
141
Sol skaia, Countess,
98
Soltész,
Miklos,
121
South Russian Machine Works
Altschüller
and,
53-54, 75,107
Goshkevich and,
59, 77
Soviet. See
Petrograd
Soviet
Spannochi, Lelio,
100,
loomi
special conference system,
191, 201-3
Speier, Colonel,
65
Spiridovich, A. I.,
6
spy mania,
2-3
anti-Semitism and,
175-80
Austrian military intelligence and,
168
Bolshevik propaganda and,
231
Bonch-Bruevich s role in,
165—67
counterintelligence work and,
167—69, 264
and damage to war effort,
171—72,182-83,
202
Germanophobia and,
180-82
Great Retreat and,
189
high-profile incidents feeding,
160
Kolakovskii s testimony and,
132-36
losses in World War I and,
259-60
Mashek s testimony and,
217-18
Miasoedov affair and,
141-43,190, 263—64
Müller s
testimony and,
218-19
patriotism and,
260—61
politics and,
8-9,182-83, 262
popular attitudes and,
9,172-75
under Provisional Government,
239, 240-42
Redl s discovery and,
168
Russo-Japanese War and,
69
Sukhomlinov on,
227-28
victims of,
262
Stalinism, Miasoedov/Sukhomlinov affair fore¬
shadowing,
9, 264
Stavka
exploitation of anti-Semitism and Ger¬
manophobia by,
182
German agents in,
152
manipulation of courts by,
163-64
and munitions crisis,
222
rift between government and,
177
rift between imperial court and,
158,161-63
steamship lines
and emigration business,
21-25,
З5-36
Miasoedov in business of,
34-37, 64, 88,111-12,
125
during World War 1,
125
Stessei ,
1.
G.,
205
Stolbina, Evgeniia,
65, 66,113-15,124-25
arrest of,
143
exile of,
145,149
promiscuity of,
113,124,160
Stolypin, P.
Α.,
46,
8з
assassination of,
65-66
enmity toward Miasoedov,
33, 37—38, 64
strikes
on eve of February Revolution of
1917, 232
after February Revolution of
1917, 236-37
revolutionary upheaval of
1905
and,
43
at South Russian Machine Works,
54
before World War 1,
117
Sukhomlinov, Vladimir Aleksandrovich,
45,50
and
Altschüller, 55, 75, 76, 263
arrest of,
3, 205
arrests and trials of associates of,
195—96
biography of,
108-9
death of,
256
and Duma,
83—84, 90—91,191,193—94,
247
and Ekaterina Viktorovna: courtship of,
50-51;
divorce from,
255;
divorce from Butovich
and,
51-53, 56-58, 60;
marriage to,
58
emigration of,
255, 256
enemies of,
45-47, 57-58, 69, 80-86,101,111
family background of,
40
financial problems of,
103—4
guilt of, general belief in,
4,5
imprisonment of,
205, 233—35,
254ί
amnesty
under Bolshevik government,
254;
release by
Nicholas II,
207, 210
intelligence of,
47
intrigues against: Andronnikov and Chervin-
skaia and,
111,183;
Guchkov and Polivanov
and,
87-91;
Miasoedov as scapegoat in,
96
intrigues resisted by,
67, 87
investigation of: Duma s demand for,
193-94;
Kuz min Report and,
212-13, 219, 225;
Petrov
Commission and,
194-95, 203—4
Jews supported by,
45, 46, 76
in Kiev: as governor-general,
44-45;
move to,
42;
social life in,
48
marriages of,
47-48,58
memoirs of,
256
and Miasoedov: counterespionage reports of,
68-72;
distancing from,
91, 93;
family friend¬
ship with,
62-64, 66;
Makarov s letter and,
89,
91;
newspaper scandal and,
98-101;
after out¬
break of World War 1,
119—20;
protection of,
63-64;
suspicions regarding association of,
191,
192, 212;
testimony on association of,
226-27
on Miasoedov affair,
227-28
military career of,
40-42, 55-56
as minister of war,
72-75;
appointment of,
56;
bribes taken by,
104,106;
historical perspective
on tenure of,
7;
initial popularity of,
72;
mili¬
tary reform under,
72-75;
removal of,
191-92
and Nicholas II,
3, 40, 52, 65, 80, 94,192, 204, 261
Nikolai Nikolaevich s hatred for,
81-82,191,192
personality of,
46
INDEX
political skills of,
47,192
in Russo-Turkish War of
1877-78, 40, 42
in St. Petersburg: move to,
56;
social circle in,
58-59,106-11
supporters of,
207—9
treason charges against,
8, 253-54, 263-64;
re¬
sponse to,
223-28
trial under Provisional Government,
243-54;
de¬
fense arguments at,
247-48;
motivations for
staging of,
243-44;
popular opinion follow¬
ing,
254;
prosecution s arguments at,
246-47;
witnesses at,
246, 251-52, 253
trial under tsarist regime: charges in,
3, 215-17;
defense at,
221-28;
Nicholas II
s
authorization
of,
213-14;
witnesses at,
217—21
and Veller,
78
during World War I: Great Retreat and popular
suspicions regarding,
190;
Kolakovskii s reve¬
lations and,
136;
munitions crisis blamed on,
215-16, 221-23, 247;
Russia s entry into,
117
writing career of,
47, 72, 204
Sukhomlinova, Ekaterina Viktorovna
and
Altschüller, 75
ambition of,
60
on Andronnikov,
109-10
beauty of,
49, ¡0
and Butovich: divorce from,
51-53, 56-58, 60;
marriage to,
49—50;
newspaper attacks by,
101-2;
slander case by,
102-3
character of,
104, 234
death of,
255
and Empress Alexandra,
209, 210
family background of,
48-49
health problems of,
50, 51, 65
imprisonment of,
234-35
Kuz min Report on,
213
marriage to Gabaev,
255
Miasoedov affair and rumors about,
143
and Miasoedovs, friendship with,
62-64, 66
and Rasputin,
49, 209-10
social circle of,
58—59, 62
son of,
50, 52
spending habits of,
103-4, 216
in St. Petersburg,
56, 60-62
and Sukhomlinov: courtship by,
50-51;
divorce
from,
255;
love for,
51;
marriage to,
58;
peti¬
tions during imprisonment of,
205, 254
trial of,
243-54
Sukhomlinova, Elizaveta Nikolaevna,
48, 55
Suvorin, A. S.,
80
Suvorin, Boris
Α.,
89-90,
94~95<
100,119
Sventsitskii, Dr.,
107
Svirskii, Nikolai,
106
Tagantsev,
N.
N.,
244, 245, 248, 250
Tannenberg,
battle of,
4,127
Tarkhovskii (lawyer),
244, 248
Tarsaidze,
Aleksandr,
6, 7
Taube,
Baron,
226
Tauride Palace,
233
Tenth Army, Russian,
121
Miasoedov s service in,
120
in winter battle of Masuria,
130-32,131
terrorism, revolutionary,
30, 33, 43
Third Army, Russian, destruction of,
185
Til mans, Richard,
202
Til mans family,
14, 202, 263
Tolubaev, General,
148
transportation
collapse of Russia s network of,
229
emigration from Russia and,
21
railway stations serving as portals into Russia,
16
weaknesses of Russia s infrastructure,
187
Trans-Siberian railroad,
42
treason
charges against Sukhomlinov,
8, 253-54, 263-64;
response to,
223-28
Empress Alexandra suspected of,
5,162, 212, 230
as excuse for Russia s losses in World War I,
259-60
monarchy associated with,
8, 230-31, 261
profiles of,
263-64
surrender to lust as first step toward,
264
See also spy mania
trench warfare, birth of,
128
Trepov, A. F.,
213-14
Trotskii, Leon,
241
Trubin,
Aleksandr,
148
Trusevich, Maksimilian Ivanovich,
30, 33,37
Tsikhotskii, V.,
45
Tula Armament Works,
105
Turkey, in World War
І, 237П70
Union of the Russian People,
45
United States
chauvinism and xenophobia during World War
1,
172-73
entry in World War I,
252
immigration to,
21
Untern-Shternberg espionage case, ioo, loomi
Urban, G.
Α.,
144, 47.
M9
Urbanskii (engineer),
104
Urwicz, Pincus,
173
Uvorov,
Α. Α.,
92
Valentini,
Eduard, 14, 64, 66, 263
Varun-Sekret, Sergei
T.,
111,194
Vasiľev,
226
Vasnetsov,
V. M.,
49
Vechernee vremia
(newspaper),
89,
i8i
Velichko, General,
253
285
INDEX
286
Veller,
Maksim Il ich,
77
and Anna Goshkevich,
77-78,108
arrest and trial of,
195-96
war ministry contracts of,
78
Veretennikov, A. P.,
45-46
Verzhbolovo,
13
emigration through,
18, 23-24
as gateway into Russia,
16
train station at,
17
unique characteristics of,
15
Vickers Limited, military contracts in Russia,
105-6
Viktorov, D.
Α.,
62
Viktorova, Lidiia
Nikolaevna,
62, 99
Vilna
Gol dshtcm family in,
14
Miasocdov s testimony at trial in,
32, 34, 38
province of,
18
Vinaver,
M. M,
179-80
Vladimir Cathedral (Kiev),
49
Vladimir University (Kiev),
43
Voia
of
Libava
(newspaper),
36
Voitsekhovskii,
M. D.,
2
Vyrubova, Anna,
701139, 210, 234, 235, 259
Wal dgof Cellulose Company,
145, 263
war, Clausewitz on,
171
war industry committees,
191, 200-201, 204
Warsaw Citadel
Konstantine
Gates of,
3
Miasoedov s trial in,
1—2,137-38
Whitehall,
178
Wilhelm
II (emperor of Germany)
hunting passion of,
16-17
Miasoedov s personal relationship with,
17, 27,
263
Wilton, Robert,
4
Witte,
Count
S. lu.,
47, 259
World War I
artillery in,
128-29,187-89
casualties in,
127-28
chauvinism and xenophobia during,
172-82
Eastern Front in,
121,184-85,199
first phase of,
127-29
initial popularity of,
118—19
outbreak of,
116;
Miasoedov s response to,
115;
nationalism in response to,
118-19, 259;
politi¬
cal decisions leading to,
116-18
poison gas used in,
130
refugees in,
3,187
responsibility for,
118,
ii8n2
trench warfare in,
128
Western Front in,
121
See also entries for individual nations
xenophobia
patriotism and,
260-61
World War I and,
172-82
XX Army corps, destruction of,
131,132
German intelligence and,
153
Miasoedov affair as explanation for,
4
military commanders responsible for,
163
Zaharoff, Basil,
105,106
Zakharin (lawyer),
244, 247-48
Zal tsman, Shlomo and Aaron,
144
Kedys testimony regarding,
154-55
trial and execution of,
147,164
Zeidlitz, Ida,
156
Zemgor,
191, 200
Zemshchina (newspaper),
101
Zhilinskii, la. G.,
68, 69, 72, 89
Zimmerwaldists,
259
Zotimov, A. I.,
77, 99
Zuev,
N.
P.,
67
Zvegintsev, A. I.,
92
Bayerische
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|
| adam_txt |
THE FOE WITHIN / FULLER, WILLIAM C. : 2006
TABLE OF CONTENTS / INHALTSVERZEICHNIS
INTRODUCTION : A HANGING IN WARSAW
VERZHBOLOVO
KIEV
ST. PETERSBURG
REALIGNMENTS AND BETRAYALS
THE FIRST PHASE OF THE WAR
THE ROOTS OF SPY MANIA
THE GREAT RETREAT
REVOLUTION AND FINAL ACT : THE CASE AGAINST V.A. SUKHOMLINOV
CONCLUSION : PATRIOTS AND TRAITORS.
DIESES SCHRIFTSTUECK WURDE MASCHINELL ERZEUGT.
Index
Note: Page numbers in italics refer to illustrations.
Ábelov, V. D.,
92
agrarian socialism,
257
alcohol
prohibition during World War I,
228, 229
state monopoly over,
20
Alekseev, M. V.,
82,149,
197>
206, 229, 232, 253
Alexander III (emperor of Russia),
42
Alexandra (empress of Russia)
murder of,
255
political influence of,
193,197, 204
and Sukhomlinovs,
209, 210
suspicions of treason by,
5,162, 212, 230
Altschüller,
Alexander
business activities of,
53-54, 75-77,106-7
and Butovich divorce,
53-54, 55, 57,101
espionage charges against,
212-13, 224-25, 253
friendship with Sukhomlinov,
55, 75, 76, 263
and Goshkevich,
59, 77,107
immigration to Russia,
53
move to Austria,
107
move to St. Petersburg,
75, 76
Altschüller,
Oscar,
75,106,107,195
Ambrecht, Frederica-Luisa, 145
ammunition, shortages in World War 1,
128-29,
188
Andronnikov, M. M.,
70,
7ОП39,
yi
and
Altschüller, 76
and Chervinskaia,
ш
death of,
255
enmity toward Sukhomlinovs,
109-11,183,195,
205
and Rasputin,
111
as Sukhomlinovs intermediary,
74, 82
anti-Semitism, in Russia
of high officials,
76,176
history of,
174
revolution of
1905
and,
44
right-wing politics and,
45
upsurge in early 20th century,
21
World War I and,
175-80
Antonii
(Metropolitan of Petersburg),
58
Arkhipov, Major General,
123
Arnold (agricultural colonist),
152
artillery, in World War 1,
128-29,187-89
Aurikh, Anna,
100
Austria-Hungary
annexation of Bosnia and Herzegovina by,
72
intelligence successes of,
95,121
Slavic subjects of,
116, 220
spy mania in,
168
in World War 1,
116,118;
Brusilov offensive and,
206-7;
casualties in,
127-28;
defeats of,
184;
Eastern front advance of,
185,186;
Galician
battles of,
127
Badmaev, P.
Α.,
207-9
Bairashevskii, Imam,
176
Balinskii, P. I.,
106
Ballin, Albert,
21, 34
Bark, P. L.,
178
Batiushin,
N.
S.
arrest of,
241
and investigation of Miasoedov,
137
responsibility for Masuria catastrophe,
163
and spy mania,
165,166,
167П52
Tainaia voennaia razvedka,
7П30
Bauermeister,
Alexander,
133-34,135,169-70
Beletskii, S. P.,
98
Bern, Ernst,
135
Benckendorff, Count,
178,179
Benson, Pavel Vladimirovich,
144,155-57,158-59
Berend,
G. Z.,
144,149
Berezovskiis,
50, 58, 63, 66, 76
Bismarck,
Busso
von, 153
Bismarck,
Otto von, 258
Bloody Sunday massacre
(1905), 43
Bobrinskii, V.
Α.,
194
Bogdanov, E. V.,
108
Bogdanova (German spy),
152
Bogrov, Dmitrii,
65,101
Bolsheviks
Germany's support for,
240,
241П78
opposition to World War 1,
141, 238, 240, 259
Revolution of October
1917, 254
and spy mania,
231
uprising of luly
1917, 238-39, 243
Bonch-Bruevich, Mikhail D.,
4,
40,137-38.
163.
165-67, 240
Bonch-Bruevich, Vladimir,
165
Booth, Sir Alfred,
146
Borshneva, Elena,
145
Bortkevich, Captain,
151
275
INDEX
276
Botkin,
E. S.,
80
Botkin,
V. S.,
66, 80
Braunshtein, Fishka,
171
Braunshtein
brothers of Kibarty,
23
Britain
criticism of Russia's treatment of Jews,
177-79
Sukhomlinov's biography published in,
109
in World War 1,
117,
п8п2,
240
xenophobia during World War 1,
172
Brusilov, Aleksei,
187, 206
as commander in chief,
238
on food supply crisis,
229
on munitions crisis,
2221121
offensive under,
205-7,
2"lS>·
-60
on "Polivanovtsy,"
200
Bubnov,
Л. П.,
2371170
Buchanou, Sir
George,
146, 182
Bulatseľ,
Lev,
66, 79, 86,111
Busch, Tristan, 168
Butovich, Ekaterina
Viktorovna. SťťSukhomli-
nova, Ekaterina Viktorovna
Butovich, Vladimir Nikolaevich, 49-50
Ekaterina Viktorovna's
divorce
from,
51-53,
56-58, 60
legal
action against former wife,
102-3
newspaper attacks on Sukhomlinov,
101-2
Chebyshev (judge),
244
Chervinskaia, Nataliia Iliarionovna,
58-59,110—11,
183, 216
Clausewitz,
Carl von, 171
Conrad
von Hötzendorff,
Franz,
184, 219
Council of State Defense,
55, 56, 81-82
counterintelligence (CD, Russian
anxiety about outflow of secrets to Austria,
95, 96
Bonch-Bruevich's new system of,
167
information in possession of,
69
Miasoedov's work in,
68-72
Provisional Governments mismanagement of,
241-42
reorganization of,
67
and spy mania,
167-69, 264
uncontrollable growth of,
166
during World War
1,152
The Crosses penitentiary,
254
Cunard Steamship Company,
34,146
Dal'geim (opera singer),
180
Danchich,
1).
D.,
244, 247, 250
Danilov, lurii N.,
281156, 95,129,130,185, 253
Dashkov, D. la.,
124
Delcassé, Théophile,
74
Denikin, Anton,
4, 187
Distcrgof (surveillance agent),
137,140
Dmitrii Pavlovich, Grand Duke,
230
Dontsov
(agent),
31
Dragomirov, M. I.,
42, 72
Dubnow, Simon,
44,173
Duma
demand for political reform,
197
Miliukov's "treason or stupidity" speech at,
211-12
Nicholas II's relations with,
193,197
reaction to Miasoedov's execution,
140—41
start of World War
1
and,
119
Sukhomlinov's relations with,
83-84, 90—91,191,
193-94, 247
Dumbadze, I.,
108
Dumbadze, Vasilii,
108-9,195-96, 213, 225-26, 256
Dunlin,
107
Durnovo, P. N.,
259
emigration, from Russian Empire
illegal bolder crossings,
22-23
Jewish,
20-21
Lithuanian,
20
Miasoedov's paper on,
23-24
emigration business
Freidberg family and,
25,112
Miasoedov's financial stake in,
24-25
steamship lines in,
21-25,
35-36
Epanchin,
Ν. Α.,
46,132
Erandakov, V.
Α.,
68, 69, 99
investigation of Countess Nostits,
157
Kolakovskii's revelations and,
136
surveillance of Maisoedov by,
100-101
testimony at Sukhomlinov's trial,
226, 251-52
Eremev,
D. M.,
2
Eremin, A. M.,
79, 86-87
Ermolinskii, General,
155
Eydtkuhnen,
14,16, 23
factories, Russian
foreign-owned, closure during World War 1,
181
inadequate munitions production by,
189
Falk,
Robert,
35-37, 71-72,125,149
trial of,
147,148-49,164
Falkenhayn, Erich
von, 184,199
February Revolution of
1917
anarchy following,
235-36
easy triumph of, explanations for,
230-31
factors responsible for,
228-30
food shortages and,
201, 231-32
Miasoedov/Sukhomlinov affair and,
7-8
Miliukov's "treason or stupidity" speech and,
211-12
paranoia after,
239-40
violence accompanying,
232, 233
and war effort,
237-38
Feodos'ev,
Μ. Ε.,
244
Ferguson, Niall,
п8п2
filery,
30-31
INDEX
Finn, V.-N.
Z.,
76
Fischer, Fritz,
118
Flek,
Hauptmann, 171
food shortages,
229-30
and February Revolution of
1917, 201, 231-32
Provisional Government and,
237
Fortress of Peter and Paul,
205, 234-35, 254
France
history of, Russian socialist intellectuals and,
239
Sukhomlinov's reform program and,
74
in World War 1,
117
Franz Ferdinand, Archduke,
116
Freidberg, Boris,
25
arrest of,
144
charges against,
145
enemies of,
171
execution of,
147
friendship with Miasoedov,
90,125
Makarov's letter and,
88
and Northwest Russian Steamship Company,
34-35, 79,112
petitions for release of,
145-46
trial of,
147,164
Freidberg, David
arrest of,
144
charges against,
145
enemies of,
171
execution of,
149
intelligence work by,
122-23
Miasoedov's assistance to,
125
and Northwest Russian Steamship Company,
35
petitions for release of,
145-46
trials of: first,
147,164;
second,
148-49
Freidberg, Iankel,
25
Freidberg, Minna,
147
Freidberg, Samuel,
24-25,
34-35>
37.
123>
45-46
Freinât,
Otton
G.,
6,144-45,147-49, 263
Frid, Israel,
35,147,149,164
Fuchs,
Edward,
14
Gabaev
(engineer),
255
Gempp, A. L. Fritz, 151m,
152
gendarmes. See Separate Corps of Gendarmes
Germans, ethnic, in Russian Empire,
173-74
persecution during World War 1,
133,173,
180-82, 201-2, 261
popular attitudes toward,
174-75. 261
Germany
Bolshevik Party supported by,
240,
241П78
chauvinism and xenophobia during World War
L172
and emigration business,
21-23
Miasoedov affair as disinformation campaign
by,
169-71
migrant Russian workers in,
18,
18П23
military intelligence by,
150-53,169,173-74;
Ko-
lakovskii's testimony regarding,
133-36
and northwestern borderlands of Russia,
18
as Russia's potential enemy,
73-74
unification of,
258
in World War I: advance on Eastern front,
185,
186;
declaration of war on Russian Empire,
118;
East Prussian strategy of,
127,130;
exhaus¬
tion in,
240;
occupation of Russian territo¬
ries,
3;
poison gas used by,
130;
reinforcement
of Eastern front,
184;
responsibility for,
118,
118m; Russia's efforts to predict strategy of,
27-28;
Schlieffen plan of,
28,117,199
Ghibando,
Adolphe, 55, 57
Gol'dshtein, Albert,
14, 26
Gol'dshtein,
Klara Samuilovna.
See Miasoedova,
Klara
Samuilovna
Gol'dshtein, Maria Samuilovna,
14
Gol'dshtein, Pavel,
14,144,160
Gol'dshtein, Samuil,
14
Golubev, 1.1.,
194
Gorlenko, I. V., in
Goshkevich, Anna Andreevna
arrest and trial of,
195
Butovich's slander case against,
102
divorce of,
108
friendship with Sukhomlinovs,
59,109
testimony at Sukhomlinovs' trial,
63, 216, 224
testimony for Butovich divorce,
57-58
as Veller's mistress,
77-78,108
Goshkevich, Klavdiia Nikolaevna,
48-49
Goshkevich, Nikolai Mikhailovich,
57
and
Altschüller, 59, 77,107
arrest and trial of,
195-96
business affairs after
1912,107-8
divorce of,
108
Sukhomlinovs' rupture with,
109
and Veller,
77-78,108
Goshkevich, Viktor Ivanovich,
48
Got'e, Iu. V.,
8
Greifan, General,
100
Grelling, Richard,
251
Grensach, Captain,
151
Grey, Sir Edward,
146
Grigor'ev, V. N.,
189,
189П23
Grinberg, Otto,
23, 24
Grinman steamship booking company,
23, 24
Grotgus, Baron
Otton,
35, 37,144,147-49.
2бЗ
Gruzenberg,
О. О.,
32, 34, 93,144
Gubonin,
A. S.,
86-87
Guchkov,
Aleksandr
Ivanovich,
83-84, 85
duel with Miasoedov,
92-93,120, 226
emigration of,
255
enmity toward Sukhomlinov,
84-86
informants of,
84
intrigue against Miasoedov,
90-91, 94-95,
96,
262
277
INDEX
278
Guchkov,
Aleksandr
Ivanovich
(continued)
military expertise of,
84
Nicholas It's dislike for,
94
personality of,
83, 86
plot against Sukhomlinov,
87-91
and Polivanov,
84,193, 204
in Provisional Government,
235, 243
reaction to Miasoedov's execution,
140-41
and Rediger's ouster,
56, 86
Sukhomlinov's attorney on,
247-48
war industry committees under,
191
as war minister,
235, 242
Guchkov,
N.
I.,
80
Gulevich,
Α. Α.,
137,147,148,
ібз,
164
Gyro Company,
106
Hamburg-American Line,
21, 22, 35
Herschanovich (Jewish resident of
Mariopol),
176
hidden cadres system,
73
Hindenberg, Paul,
128,130,199
Hoare, Sir Samuel,
9П36
Hohenzollern
emperor,
258
Holy Synod,
56-58, 70,102
lanushkevich,
N. N.
anti-Semitism of,
76,177, 262
correspondence with Sukhomlinov,
222, 227
investigation of Countess Nostits and,
157,158
Miasoedov's trial and,
163—64
and spy mania,
166
testimony at Sukhomlinov's trial,
225, 251
and trials of Miasoedov's "associates,"
148
Iaruzel'skaia, Mariia
Aleksandrova,
155,156
Ignat'ev, Pavel,
177
infiltration operations,
121—23
inflation, during World War I,
228
intelligence. See military intelligence; spy mania
Ipatev, V. N.,
202
Isheev, P. P.,
15
Israel,
Oskar,
65
Italy, in World War 1,
184, 206
Iurshevskii (judge),
244
Iusupov,
Feliks,
230
Ivan III Vasilievich, Grand Prince,
10
Ivanov,
N.
I.,
82-83, 84, 96,187
Ivanov,
V. G.
arrest and trial of,
195—96
business dealings of,
77, 78,108
Kuz'min Report on,
212, 213
Sukhomlinov's statement on,
225
Ivanova, Nina,
195
Japan, war with. See Russo-Japanese War of
1904-5
Jews, Russian
British criticism of treatment of,
177-79
education quotas for,
77
emigration of,
20-21
pogroms of
1905, 44
popular attitudes toward,
174
Sukhomlinov's relations with,
45, 46, 76
during World War I: focus of national hostility
on,
173,176-77, 261;
Germany's use as spies,
133—34,173;
support organizations of,
179-80
See also anti-Semitism
Jolts,
Rediger von der, 256
Kadet
Party,
243
Kaledin, Victor,
5
Kalmykov,
Andrei,
46
Kamenev,
N.
M.,
66
Kan,
Izabella,
113,145
Kaplan
(music hall singer),
48
Kaplan
(Vilna
wine merchant),
144
Karas, Ivan,
44
Karlsberg,
Spiro
and Company,
25
Karpov, I. K.,
144
Katkov, George,
6, 7
Katsenlenbogen, Joseph,
88,113
Kazarinov, M. G.,
244-46, 248-49, 251-52, 254
Kedys,
Antonina,
144,153—55,158
Kel'pin (Singer Co. official),
166
Kerenskii, A. F.,
142
Kornilov affair and,
239, 240
Miasoedov affair exploited by,
141
in Provisional Government,
233—34, 235, 243
and Sukhomlinovs' trial,
243-44, 250
Kharitonov, P.
Α.,
179
Khvostov,
Α. Α.,
205
Kiev,
39—40, 41
intelligence office in, on Miasoedov's services,
26-27
revolutionary upheaval during
1905, 43—44
Sukhomlinov as governor-general of,
44-45
Vladimir Cathedral in,
49
Kievan (newspaper),
48
Kiev Gazette (newspaper),
48
Kiun'e, Mariia Frantsevna,
104, 216
Kliegels,
N.
V.,
44
Kokovtsov, V.
N.
enmity toward Miasoedov,
64
enmity toward Sukhomlinov,
46, 80-81, 94
Makarov's letter against Miasoedov and,
89
Miasoedov's appeal to,
97-98
personality of,
81
at Sukhomlinov's trial,
246
Kolakovskii,
lakov Pavlovich,
132-36,159,169—70,
171.175
Kolomnin, Lieutenant,
80
Komarów,
Baron
Moritz Auffenberg von, 95
Konstantin Konstantinovich,
Grand Duke,
124,
160-61
Koreish, Elizaveta Nikolaevna,
48, 55
INDEX
Korf,
Baroness,
47
Kornilov, Lazr,
239
Kornilov affair,
239, 241
Koslowitz, Max,
152
Kristaner, Father V. V.,
2
Kriuchkov,
Kozma,
262
Krivoshein, A. V.,
192,193,194
Krupenskii, P. N.,
92
Krupps, 105
Kryzhanovskii, V. V.,
120
Kshinskaia (ballerina),
105
Kudriavtsev, Lev and
Petr,
31-32
Kuliabko,
N.
N.,
101
Kull, Eynar,
152
Kurlov, P. G.,
38, 46, 64,120,125,165-66
Kuz'min,
Ι. Α.,
205, 212-13,
2i9> 225
land confiscations, during World War 1,
181-82
Laquer,
Walter,
260
Laurens,
Vera, 55
Lenin, Vladimir Il'ich,
141, 238, 240, 259
Lentser, Franz,
88
Levitán,
Isaac,
13
Liadov (judge),
244
Lincoln, W. Bruce,
6П22
Link, District Chief,
23, 24
Lipshits, A. I.,
144,147,149
Lithuania, during World War 1,
185
Lithuanians, emigration from Russia,
20
Lodz, battle of,
128,129
Lucette (cabaret singer),
75,107
Ludendorff, Erich,
130,199
Lukirskii, Colonel,
1
Lukomskii, A. S.,
222П21
Lvov, Prince G.,
235
Mackensen, August
von, 184-85
Mackiewicz, Josef,
256
Magerovskaia, Nina Petrovna,
113,124,143
Main Artillery Administration
(GAU),
and muni¬
tions crisis,
222
Makarov,
Α. Α., 8ι,
98, 213, 246
letter against Miasoedov,
88-89, 91, 94. 96,
ш
Maklakov,
Ν. Α.,
98,192
Manchurian war. See Russo-Japanese War of
1904-5
Mantashev, A. I., no
Maria Fedorovna (dowager empress),
33
Marshall, Alex,
7П30
Martynov, A. P.,
182
Marxism,
257
Marye, George,
143
Masaryk,
Tomas, 220
Mashek,
Aleksandr,
217-18, 219-20, 224-25
Maslov,
P. P.,
62, 226
Masurian lakes, battles of,
127,130-32.
138
Matveev, investigation of Miasoedov affair,
138-39,
144,147,164
Mavrin,
Α. Α.,
4б
Melgunov,
S. P.,
180
Menning,
Bruce,
28П54,
12бП2б
Menshevik Party,
100
Menshutkin (judge),
244
Miasoed,
lakov,
10
Miasoedov,
D. M.,
140—41
Miasoedov, D.
N.
(Sergei's brother),
92
Miasoedov, Nikolai (Sergei's father),
10
Miasoedov, Nikolai Nikolaevich (Sergei's brother),
114,138,164
Miasoedov, Nikolai Sergeievich (Sergei's son),
14mi,
38
Miasoedov, Sergei Nicholaevich
army service of: prior to World War 1,
11;
during
World War 1,
120-24
arrest of,
137
charges against: in
1906, 29-30;
in
1912, 89;
in
1915,138-39
duel with Guchkov,
92-93,120, 226
education of,
11
enemies of,
29, 30, 34, 36, 78-80, 98
execution of,
2;
reactions to,
140-41
family background of,
10-11
financial problems of,
33-34, 64,113
and Freidbergs,
25, 34-35, 37,112—13, 263
Germanophilia of,
11,100,101,139, 263
guilt of, general belief in,
4-5
hunting passion of,
14,17
imprisonment of,
1-2,137-38
innocence of: backlash against theory of,
7П30;
petitions regarding,
1, 2,138;
proof of,
6,140
and intelligence work: interest in,
67-68,120;
during Verzhbolovo years,
25-29;
during War
Ministry tenure,
71-72;
during World War I,
120-24
intrigues against: Guchkov and,
90-91;
Ko-
lakovskii's allegations and,
134,136;
Makarov's
letter and,
88-89;
newspaper campaign,
89-90, 94-95;
Ponomarev and,
30-32;
re¬
sponse to,
91-93, 97-98;
Sukhomlinov's adju¬
tants and,
86-87
investigations of: after Kolakovskii's testimony,
136-37;
after newspaper scandal,
99-100;
Ponomarev's,
30-32
marriage of,
14-15;
crises in,
34, 65,114-15;
son's
death and,
38
medals and orders of,
16
at Ministry of War,
66-72,79, 90
mistress of,
65, 66,113-15,124-25
move to St. Petersburg,
37-38
name of: meaning of,
10;
as synonym for traitor,
8
New Year's Eve party hosted by,
66, 80
279
INDEX
o Miasoedov,
Sergei Nicholaevich (continued)
paper on illegal emigration movement,
23-24
personality of,
11,125-26
physical appearance of,
11,12
profile of treason for,
263—64
as scapegoat: army conspiracy hypothesis for,
164;
"bad luck" hypothesis for,
159—60;
Ger¬
man disinformation hypothesis for,
169-71;
in
intrigue against Sukhomlinov,
96;
jealousy
hypothesis for,
160-61;
Russia's losses in
World War I and,
138,161-64;
spy mania and,
165-70
in Separate Corps of Gendarmes,
11-13;
dis¬
charge from,
93, 97;
petitions for reinstate¬
ment to,
37-38;
reinstatement to,
66;
resigna¬
tion from,
33;
service record from,
29
and steamship business,
34-37, 64, 88,111-12,125
and Sukhomlinov: distancing from,
91, 93;
fam¬
ily friendship with,
59, 62-64;
loyalty to,
71;
newspaper scandal and,
98-101;
after out¬
break of World War 1,
119-20;
protection by,
63-64;
Sukhomlinov's testimony on relation¬
ship of,
226-27;
suspicions about association
of,
191,192, 212
surveillance of: in
1912,100-101;
in
1915,137,140
testimony at
1907
Vilna
trial,
32, 34, 38, 98,159
trial of,
1-2;
conviction in,
139-40;
procedural
irregularities in,
137—38
Verzhbolovo years of,
13-18;
intelligence work
during,
25-29;
social connections established
during,
14-15,16-18;
three lives during,
15-16, 29
and
Wilhelm
II,
17, 27, 263
during World War I: army service,
120-24;
reac¬
tion to outbreak of,
115,119—20
Miasoedov, Sergei Sergeievich,
14mi
Miasoedova,
Klara Samuilovna
appeal to Nicholas II,
98
arrest of,
143
after Bolshevik Revolution,
256
dowry of,
14, 33
exile of,
149
financial difficulties of,
124
friendship with Sukhomlinova,
62, 63
husband's extramarital affairs and,
34, 65,114-15,
124
marriage of,
14
as shareholder in Northwest Russian Steamship
Company,
35
trials of: first,
147,164;
second,
148-49
Miasoedova,
Mania (Musa),
2,
14mi,
114,124
Miasoedov affair
anti-Semitism blamed on,
179
and damage to war effort,
171—72
dominant interpretation today,
7
as explanation for Russia's losses in World War
I,
3-5,138,161-64
importance in history of Russia,
7-9,171-72
literature on,
5-7
myths associated with,
141-43
people associated with,
3, 7;
arrests of,
143-46;
trials of,
147-49
political opportunities seen in,
140-41
as psychological warfare by Germany,
169-70
sex and,
264
and spy mania,
141-43,190, 263-64
Sukhomlinov on,
227-28
Mikhail Aleksandrovich, Grand Duke,
232—33
Mikhailov, P. M.,
87,
íoomi
Mikulis, Mateush,
144,147,149,153,154-55,164
military intelligence,
121—23
communications and,
127П27,
153
German,
150-53,168,173-74;
Kolakovskii's testi¬
mony regarding,
133-36
infiltration operations,
121-23
interrogation and,
123
Miasoedov and: interest in position in,
67-68,
120;
investigation following newspaper scan¬
dal,
99-100;
during Verzhbolovo years,
25-29;
during War Ministry tenure,
71-72;
during
World War 1,
120-24
reconnaissance operations,
123
Russia's system of: prior to World War I,
27-28;
successful operations of,
95;
weaknesses of,
26-27
Separate Corps of Gendarmes and,
26-27
See also spy mania
military reform
after Russo-Japanese War,
55—56
Sukhomlinov and,
72-75
military technology
business interests in post-1906 military buildup,
104-6
Sukhomlinov's reform program and,
74-75
See also munitions shortages
Miliukov, Paul
and Guchkov,
92
on Miasoedov affair,
5
in Provisional Government,
235, 243
"treason or stupidity" speech of,
211-12, 221
ministries, Russian
enmity among,
70, 80-81
patronage networks within,
70—71
Ministry of the Interior (MVD)
grudge against Miasoedov,
33, 37—38, 64, 79, 98
Kerenskii's charges against,
141
Ministry of War
and business interests,
76, 77, 78,104-6
and Department of Police,
67
Great Retreat and popular suspicions regarding,
190
under Guchkov,
235, 242
under Kerenskii,
243
INDEX
Miasoedov at,
66-72, 79
under Polivanov,
193,198-200
after Russo-Japanese War,
55, 56
under Sukhomlinov,
7, 56, 72-75
Sukhomlinov's removal from,
191-92
monarchy
government structure under,
70-71
loss of confidence in,
230-31, 232
threats to,
257
treason associated with,
8, 230-31, 261
See also Nicholas II
Monkevits,
Ν. Α.,
б7, б9
Morgan,
J.
P.,
21
Mossolov,
Α. Α.,
209,
21i
Müller,
Franz,
217, 218-19, 220-21, 224-25
munitions shortages, during World War 1,
128—29,
161,187-89
Brusilov on,
223
inadequacy of Russian factories and,
189
Main Artillery Administration
(GAU)
and,
222
Nicholas Us response to,
190-91
Petrov
Commission on,
203
Polivanov's policies on,
198—99
special conference system created to combat,
191, 201-3
Sukhomlinov blamed for,
215-16, 221-23, 247
Myshlaevskii, A. L,
57, 71
Nabokov,
D. N.,
48
Nabokov, V. D.,
48, 230-31, 262
Nabokova, Maria Ferdinandovna,
47
Napoleon I Bonaparte (emperor of the French),
239, 257
Napoleon III (emperor of the French),
239
nationalism, Russian
"internal enemy" and,
173,174
outbreak of World War I and,
118-19, 259
as threat to monarchy,
257-58
Naumov, A. N.,
194
Nelidov,
Α.,
157
Nemetti, V. E.,
52
Neverov, A. N.,
46
Nicholas II (emperor of Russia)
abdication of,
232-33
and Council of State Defense,
56
and Duma,
193,197
loss of confidence in,
230-32
on Makarov,
81
Miasoedov's appeal to,
98
munitions crisis and,
190-91
murder of,
255
nationalism of,
258
October Manifesto of,
43
and Polivanov's appointment as minister of war,
193, 204
Rasputin's murder and,
230
and Russia's entry into World War 1,
117,119
Russo-Japanese War and,
43
and Sukhomlinov,
40, 65, 80, 94;
Butovich di¬
vorce and,
52, 53, 56, 57;
clash between
Guchkov and,
93-94;
dismissal from Ministry
of War,
192;
release from prison,
3, 207, 210,
212;
treason association of,
8, 261;
trial of,
204,
213-14;
trials of associates of,
196
as supreme commander in World War 1,
196-97
xenophobic law approved by,
181
Nicolai,
Walter,
27,152-53,160-61,170
Nietzsche, Friedrich, 172
Nikolaev Shipbuilding Company,
105
Nikolai Nikolaevich, Grand Duke
anti-Semitism of,
176,177
assassination schemes targeting,
133,134,135—
36
Council of State Defense under,
55
court/Stavka discord and,
162-63
decamping for Caucasus region,
197
emigration of,
255
empress seen as
antipode
of,
162
enmity toward Sukhomlinov,
81-82,191,192, 222
and Miasoedov's trial,
137,164
popularity of,
161,162
as supreme commander in World War I,
82,128,
196
and trials of Miasoedov's "associates,"
147,148
Norddeutsche
Lloyd,
22
North Atlantic Steam-Ship Association,
21
northwestern borderlands, Russia's,
18-20,19
emigration business in,
21-25
ethnic minorities in,
20-21
Northwest Russian Steamship Company,
34-37.
64, 79, 88,
Ш-12,
125,144
Nosovich, V. N.,
244, 245, 246-47
Nostits, Countess
Magdalena
(Lilly),
157-58, 252
Nostits, Count Grigorii Ivanovich,
157,158
Novoe Vremia (newspaper),
80, 89,181, 252
Novyi Voskhod (newspaper),
179
October Manifesto,
43
October Revolution of
1917, 254
Octobrist Party,
32, 56, 83
Okhrana,
11
filery
of,
30-31
Miasoedov's exposure of corrupt practices of,
32,33
Okunev,
N.
P.,
254
On German Exploitation (Polivanov),
175
Orenburg Infantry Regiment,
11
Orthodox Church
Holy Synod of,
56-58
position on divorce,
52-53
Osendovskii,
181
Osten-Saken,
Baron V.
F., 32
281
INDEX
Pale of Settlement,
20,179
Paleologue, Maurice,
4
Palitsyn,
F. F., 33, 56
Pan-Slavism,
258
Panteleev, A. I.,
194
Pares, Bernard,
5
patriotism
monarchism as
antipode
of,
261-62
and persecution of minorities,
260—61
World War I and,
118-19, 161, 259
Pau,
Paul-Marie,
143
Peter the Great (emperor of Russia),
18,173
Petrograd. See
St. Petersburg
Petrograd
Soviet
creation of,
232
"order number
1"
of,
236, 238
and Provisional Government,
235-36
Petrov,
N.
P.,
194
Petrov
Commission,
194-95, 203-4
Petrovich, B. P.,
219
Podushkin, Colonel,
36, 37, 79, 94
poison gas, use in World War 1,
130
Poland
partitions of,
18
during World War 1,
126,185
Poliakov,
Colonel,
220
politics, and spy mania,
8—9,182-83, 262
Polivanov,
Α. Α., 8ι
anonymous accusations against,
87
Butovich's complaints and,
52
enmity toward Sukhomlinov, 8i
and Guchkov,
84,193, 204
as minister of war,
193,198-200
plot against Sukhomlinov,
87-91, 94
removal from Ministry of War,
93-94, 204
Sukhomlinov's distrust of,
71
Polivanov, Nikolai,
175
Polli-Pollacheck, Adrian,
156-57
Pollock, John,
178
Polovtsov, I. F.,
193
Ponomarev, Cornet,
30-32, 36, 87
Posnikov, A. S.,
194
Prager, 144
Princip, Gavrilo,
116
prisoners of war (POWs)
ethnic Germans considered as,
180
interrogation of,
123
Russian, during World War 1,
133
Prodamet,
107
Progressive Bloc,
197, 203
Protopopov, A. D.,
211, 233
Provisional Government
arrests ordered by, z^
Bolshevik uprising of July
1917
and,
238-39, 241,
243
challenges facing,
235-38, 242-43
civil rights protection under,
238—39
counterrevolution threat and,
239—40
creation of,
232
dominant figures in,
235
land policy decision postponed by,
236
and military counterintelligence,
241—42
and
Petrograd
Soviet,
235-36
spy mania under,
239, 240-42
and Sukhomlinovs' trial,
243-44, 250
Pupkow (lumber magnate),
152
Purishkevich, V. M.,
211, 230
Radko-Dmitriev,
R. D.,
187
railways
German net of,
73
Russian, slow decay of,
201, 229
during Russo-Japanese War,
42
stations serving as portals into Russia,
16
Rasputin, Grigorii Efimovich,
7, 210
and Andronnikov,
111
Guchkov's denunciationof,
94
murder of,
230,
230П48
opposition to World War I,
212, 259
political influence of,
111,197, 210
and Sukhomlinova,
49, 209-10
support for Sukhomlinov,
209, 210
trials of Sukhomlinov's associates and,
196
Rech'
(newspaper),
32,179
Red Cross,
48
Rediger,
A. F.,
56, 72, 81, 202, 222
Redl,
Alfred,
95
exposure of,
168,
225П28;
San-Kiraly's testimony
regarding,
219, 220, 224
and Untern-Shternberg espionage case, loonii
Reek, Staff-Captain,
220, 221
Rein, G. E.,
235
Reinert, Emma,
153
Rennenkampf,
P. K.,
127,155, 219
revolution
of
1905-7, 29, 43-44, 258
and Russia's defeat in war with Japan,
168-69
Stolypin's methods for suppressing,
33
See also February Revolution of
1917;
October
Revolution of
1917
revolutionaries
lax border controls and,
24
response to Miasoedov's
Vilna
testimony,
32
revolutionary terrorism,
30,33, 43
Rezanov, A. S.,
175,
211П97
rifles, Russia's shortages in World War 1,
129,187-88
Rigert, Frantz,
14,114
arrest of,
144
execution of,
149
first trial of,
147,164
Kedys' testimony regarding,
154-55
second trial of,
148—49
INDEX
right-wing
politics
and anti-Semitism,
45, 260-61
revolution of
1905
and,
44
revolution of
1917
and,
239-40
Rodzianko, Mikhail V.,
141,191, 211
Germanophobia of,
180-81, 202
on Miasoedov affair,
4,140
Romanov dynasty
end of,
255
See also names of individual members
Romer,
Saxe,
5
Rosen, Baron R. R.,
259
Rowan, Richard Wilmer,
5
Rubin (Miasoedov's agent),
28-29
Rubinshtein, Dmitrii,
167^2, 212
Rumania, in World War I,
207
Russia
Black Sea fleet of,
237П70
Eastern crisis of
1908-9
and,
72
economic boom in prewar years,
75
internal crisis of
1905-7, 29-30, 43
northwestern borderlands of,
18—25,
¡9
in World War I: apparent recovery in,
198-200;
Brusilov as commander in chief in,
238;
Brusilov offensive in,
205-7,208, 260;
casual¬
ties in,
3,127,129,132,161,185,198, 207, 238;
East Prussian strategy in,
127,130;
entry in,
116-17, 118, 251;
February Revolution of
1917
and,
237-38;
financial crisis during,
228;
food
supply crisis during,
229-30;
government
blamed for army's agony in,
161-62;
Great
Retreat in,
3,185,185-87;
hidden cadres sys¬
tem in,
73;
manpower crisis in,
129-30;
Mia¬
soedov affair as explanation for losses in,
3-5,
138,161-64;
munitions shortages in,
128-29,
161,187-89;
Nicholas II as supreme com¬
mander in,
196-97;
Nikolai Nikolaevich as
supreme commander in,
82,128,196;
North¬
west Front,
121,126,127,130-32;
officers re¬
sponsible for army's failure in,
163-64,187;
patriotism at start of,
118-19;
political opposi¬
tion to,
141, 238, 240, 259;
Polivanov's new
draft quotas and,
198, 200;
potential weak¬
nesses in,
170;
refugees in,
187;
Southwest
Front,
126, 127-28,161;
spy mania and damage
to war effort,
171-72,182-83, 202;
treason as
excuse for losses in,
259-60;
war plan in,
126
Russian Artillery Works Company,
105-6
Russian East Asiatic Steamship Company,
35, 36,
79,94
Russian Volunteer Fleet,
35-36
Russification
policy,
126, 258
Russkii invalid (newspaper),
100,176
Russkoe
slovo
(newspaper),
260
Russo-Japanese War of
1904-5, 29, 42-43
loss of Baltic fleet in,
43,104
military reform necessitated by,
55-56
military technology used in,
74
revolution of
1905
and defeat in,
168-69
and spy mania,
69
Russo-Turkish War of
1877-78,
Sukhomlinov in,
40,42
Rutherford, Ward,
6п22
Rutsinskii, Frantz,
135
Ruzskii,
N.
V.,
1,121,130,138,163, 232
Sabler
(Holy Synod Procurator),
192,193
St. Petersburg,
61
Altschiiller's move to,
75, 76
Bloody Sunday massacre in,
43
food crisis in,
230
Miasoedov's move to,
37-38
name change to
Petrograd, 119
Sukhomlinovs' circle in,
56, 58-62
Sukhomlinov's move to,
56
St. Petersburg Metallurgical Works,
106
Samoilo,
Α. Α.,
26,164, 217, 220
Samsonov, A. V.,
127
Sanborn, Josh,
118П3
San-Kiraly. See Müller,
Franz
Savich,
S. S.,
226
Sazonov.
S. D.,
117,157,178
Schleicher, Kurt von, 256
Schlieffen, Alfred
von, 28
Schlieffen plan,
28,117,199
Schneider-Creusot,
105
Schrader (factory owner),
182
Schuier
(merchant),
31
Separate Corps of Gendarmes,
11-13
intelligence work of,
26-27
Miasoedov in: discharge from,
93;
petitions for
reinstatement to,
37-38;
reinstatement to,
66;
resignation from,
33;
service record from,
29
Sergei Mikhailovich, Grand Duke,
105, 215, 221,
222, 246
sex, Miasoedov/Sukhomlinov affair and,
264
Shakovskoi, V. N.,
181, 202
Shatsillo, K.
F., 6, 7
Shavelskii, Father
Georgii,
46
Shcheglovitov, I. G.,
192,193, 205, 233
Shcherbatov,
N.
В.,
177
Shirinov, Pavel,
163
Shlikhter, A. G.,
43
show trial, first,
243
Shpeier, Colonel,
13
Shturmer, B. V.,
210, 213
Shurinov, P. M.,
15
Shuvaev, D. S.,
204
Shuvalov, Andrei,
155
Simanovich,
Aron,
196
Singer Sewing Machine Company,
166
Skoda,
105
283
INDEX
o Skopnik, Richard,
133,135,145
Smorodskii,
Ρ. Α.,
124
Social Democrats, Russian,
141
Sol'skaia, Countess,
98
Soltész,
Miklos,
121
South Russian Machine Works
Altschüller
and,
53-54, 75,107
Goshkevich and,
59, 77
Soviet. See
Petrograd
Soviet
Spannochi, Lelio,
100,
loomi
special conference system,
191, 201-3
Speier, Colonel,
65
Spiridovich, A. I.,
6
spy mania,
2-3
anti-Semitism and,
175-80
Austrian military intelligence and,
168
Bolshevik propaganda and,
231
Bonch-Bruevich's role in,
165—67
counterintelligence work and,
167—69, 264
and damage to war effort,
171—72,182-83,
202
Germanophobia and,
180-82
Great Retreat and,
189
high-profile incidents feeding,
160
Kolakovskii's testimony and,
132-36
losses in World War I and,
259-60
Mashek's testimony and,
217-18
Miasoedov affair and,
141-43,190, 263—64
Müller 's
testimony and,
218-19
patriotism and,
260—61
politics and,
8-9,182-83, 262
popular attitudes and,
9,172-75
under Provisional Government,
239, 240-42
Redl's discovery and,
168
Russo-Japanese War and,
69
Sukhomlinov on,
227-28
victims of,
262
Stalinism, Miasoedov/Sukhomlinov affair fore¬
shadowing,
9, 264
Stavka
exploitation of anti-Semitism and Ger¬
manophobia by,
182
German agents in,
152
manipulation of courts by,
163-64
and munitions crisis,
222
rift between government and,
177
rift between imperial court and,
158,161-63
steamship lines
and emigration business,
21-25,
З5-36
Miasoedov in business of,
34-37, 64, 88,111-12,
125
during World War 1,
125
Stessei',
1.
G.,
205
Stolbina, Evgeniia,
65, 66,113-15,124-25
arrest of,
143
exile of,
145,149
promiscuity of,
113,124,160
Stolypin, P.
Α.,
46,
8з
assassination of,
65-66
enmity toward Miasoedov,
33, 37—38, 64
strikes
on eve of February Revolution of
1917, 232
after February Revolution of
1917, 236-37
revolutionary upheaval of
1905
and,
43
at South Russian Machine Works,
54
before World War 1,
117
Sukhomlinov, Vladimir Aleksandrovich,
45,50
and
Altschüller, 55, 75, 76, 263
arrest of,
3, 205
arrests and trials of associates of,
195—96
biography of,
108-9
death of,
256
and Duma,
83—84, 90—91,191,193—94,
247
and Ekaterina Viktorovna: courtship of,
50-51;
divorce from,
255;
divorce from Butovich
and,
51-53, 56-58, 60;
marriage to,
58
emigration of,
255, 256
enemies of,
45-47, 57-58, 69, 80-86,101,111
family background of,
40
financial problems of,
103—4
guilt of, general belief in,
4,5
imprisonment of,
205, 233—35,
254ί
amnesty
under Bolshevik government,
254;
release by
Nicholas II,
207, 210
intelligence of,
47
intrigues against: Andronnikov and Chervin-
skaia and,
111,183;
Guchkov and Polivanov
and,
87-91;
Miasoedov as scapegoat in,
96
intrigues resisted by,
67, 87
investigation of: Duma's demand for,
193-94;
Kuz'min Report and,
212-13, 219, 225;
Petrov
Commission and,
194-95, 203—4
Jews supported by,
45, 46, 76
in Kiev: as governor-general,
44-45;
move to,
42;
social life in,
48
marriages of,
47-48,58
memoirs of,
256
and Miasoedov: counterespionage reports of,
68-72;
distancing from,
91, 93;
family friend¬
ship with,
62-64, 66;
Makarov's letter and,
89,
91;
newspaper scandal and,
98-101;
after out¬
break of World War 1,
119—20;
protection of,
63-64;
suspicions regarding association of,
191,
192, 212;
testimony on association of,
226-27
on Miasoedov affair,
227-28
military career of,
40-42, 55-56
as minister of war,
72-75;
appointment of,
56;
bribes taken by,
104,106;
historical perspective
on tenure of,
7;
initial popularity of,
72;
mili¬
tary reform under,
72-75;
removal of,
191-92
and Nicholas II,
3, 40, 52, 65, 80, 94,192, 204, 261
Nikolai Nikolaevich's hatred for,
81-82,191,192
personality of,
46
INDEX
political skills of,
47,192
in Russo-Turkish War of
1877-78, 40, 42
in St. Petersburg: move to,
56;
social circle in,
58-59,106-11
supporters of,
207—9
treason charges against,
8, 253-54, 263-64;
re¬
sponse to,
223-28
trial under Provisional Government,
243-54;
de¬
fense arguments at,
247-48;
motivations for
staging of,
243-44;
popular opinion follow¬
ing,
254;
prosecution's arguments at,
246-47;
witnesses at,
246, 251-52, 253
trial under tsarist regime: charges in,
3, 215-17;
defense at,
221-28;
Nicholas II
s
authorization
of,
213-14;
witnesses at,
217—21
and Veller,
78
during World War I: Great Retreat and popular
suspicions regarding,
190;
Kolakovskii's reve¬
lations and,
136;
munitions crisis blamed on,
215-16, 221-23, 247;
Russia's entry into,
117
writing career of,
47, 72, 204
Sukhomlinova, Ekaterina Viktorovna
and
Altschüller, 75
ambition of,
60
on Andronnikov,
109-10
beauty of,
49, ¡0
and Butovich: divorce from,
51-53, 56-58, 60;
marriage to,
49—50;
newspaper attacks by,
101-2;
slander case by,
102-3
character of,
104, 234
death of,
255
and Empress Alexandra,
209, 210
family background of,
48-49
health problems of,
50, 51, 65
imprisonment of,
234-35
Kuz'min Report on,
213
marriage to Gabaev,
255
Miasoedov affair and rumors about,
143
and Miasoedovs, friendship with,
62-64, 66
and Rasputin,
49, 209-10
social circle of,
58—59, 62
son of,
50, 52
spending habits of,
103-4, 216
in St. Petersburg,
56, 60-62
and Sukhomlinov: courtship by,
50-51;
divorce
from,
255;
love for,
51;
marriage to,
58;
peti¬
tions during imprisonment of,
205, 254
trial of,
243-54
Sukhomlinova, Elizaveta Nikolaevna,
48, 55
Suvorin, A. S.,
80
Suvorin, Boris
Α.,
89-90,
94~95<
100,119
Sventsitskii, Dr.,
107
Svirskii, Nikolai,
106
Tagantsev,
N.
N.,
244, 245, 248, 250
Tannenberg,
battle of,
4,127
Tarkhovskii (lawyer),
244, 248
Tarsaidze,
Aleksandr,
6, 7
Taube,
Baron,
226
Tauride Palace,
233
Tenth Army, Russian,
121
Miasoedov's service in,
120
in winter battle of Masuria,
130-32,131
terrorism, revolutionary,
30, 33, 43
Third Army, Russian, destruction of,
185
Til'mans, Richard,
202
Til'mans family,
14, 202, 263
Tolubaev, General,
148
transportation
collapse of Russia's network of,
229
emigration from Russia and,
21
railway stations serving as portals into Russia,
16
weaknesses of Russia's infrastructure,
187
Trans-Siberian railroad,
42
treason
charges against Sukhomlinov,
8, 253-54, 263-64;
response to,
223-28
Empress Alexandra suspected of,
5,162, 212, 230
as excuse for Russia's losses in World War I,
259-60
monarchy associated with,
8, 230-31, 261
profiles of,
263-64
surrender to lust as first step toward,
264
See also spy mania
trench warfare, birth of,
128
Trepov, A. F.,
213-14
Trotskii, Leon,
241
Trubin,
Aleksandr,
148
Trusevich, Maksimilian Ivanovich,
30, 33,37
Tsikhotskii, V.,
45
Tula Armament Works,
105
Turkey, in World War
І, 237П70
Union of the Russian People,
45
United States
chauvinism and xenophobia during World War
1,
172-73
entry in World War I,
252
immigration to,
21
Untern-Shternberg espionage case, ioo, loomi
Urban, G.
Α.,
144, 47.
M9
Urbanskii (engineer),
104
Urwicz, Pincus,
173
Uvorov,
Α. Α.,
92
Valentini,
Eduard, 14, 64, 66, 263
Varun-Sekret, Sergei
T.,
111,194
Vasiľev,
226
Vasnetsov,
V. M.,
49
Vechernee vremia
(newspaper),
89,
i8i
Velichko, General,
253
285
INDEX
286
Veller,
Maksim Il'ich,
77
and Anna Goshkevich,
77-78,108
arrest and trial of,
195-96
war ministry contracts of,
78
Veretennikov, A. P.,
45-46
Verzhbolovo,
13
emigration through,
18, 23-24
as gateway into Russia,
16
train station at,
17
unique characteristics of,
15
Vickers Limited, military contracts in Russia,
105-6
Viktorov, D.
Α.,
62
Viktorova, Lidiia
Nikolaevna,
62, 99
Vilna
Gol'dshtcm family in,
14
Miasocdov's testimony at trial in,
32, 34, 38
province of,
18
Vinaver,
M. M,
179-80
Vladimir Cathedral (Kiev),
49
Vladimir University (Kiev),
43
Voia'
of
Libava
(newspaper),
36
Voitsekhovskii,
M. D.,
2
Vyrubova, Anna,
701139, 210, 234, 235, 259
Wal'dgof Cellulose Company,
145, 263
war, Clausewitz on,
171
war industry committees,
191, 200-201, 204
Warsaw Citadel
Konstantine
Gates of,
3
Miasoedov's trial in,
1—2,137-38
Whitehall,
178
Wilhelm
II (emperor of Germany)
hunting passion of,
16-17
Miasoedov's personal relationship with,
17, 27,
263
Wilton, Robert,
4
Witte,
Count
S. lu.,
47, 259
World War I
artillery in,
128-29,187-89
casualties in,
127-28
chauvinism and xenophobia during,
172-82
Eastern Front in,
121,184-85,199
first phase of,
127-29
initial popularity of,
118—19
outbreak of,
116;
Miasoedov's response to,
115;
nationalism in response to,
118-19, 259;
politi¬
cal decisions leading to,
116-18
poison gas used in,
130
refugees in,
3,187
responsibility for,
118,
ii8n2
trench warfare in,
128
Western Front in,
121
See also entries for individual nations
xenophobia
patriotism and,
260-61
World War I and,
172-82
XX Army corps, destruction of,
131,132
German intelligence and,
153
Miasoedov affair as explanation for,
4
military commanders responsible for,
163
Zaharoff, Basil,
105,106
Zakharin (lawyer),
244, 247-48
Zal'tsman, Shlomo and Aaron,
144
Kedys' testimony regarding,
154-55
trial and execution of,
147,164
Zeidlitz, Ida,
156
Zemgor,
191, 200
Zemshchina (newspaper),
101
Zhilinskii, la. G.,
68, 69, 72, 89
Zimmerwaldists,
259
Zotimov, A. I.,
77, 99
Zuev,
N.
P.,
67
Zvegintsev, A. I.,
92
Bayerische
! -
i? í"
ihü
-tf- |
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| author | Fuller, William C. |
| author_facet | Fuller, William C. |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Fuller, William C. |
| author_variant | w c f wc wcf |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV021709340 |
| callnumber-first | D - World History |
| callnumber-label | DK264 |
| callnumber-raw | DK264.8 |
| callnumber-search | DK264.8 |
| callnumber-sort | DK 3264.8 |
| callnumber-subject | DK - Russia, Soviet Union, Former Soviet Republics, Poland |
| classification_rvk | NP 5230 NP 5998 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)62282140 (DE-599)BVBBV021709340 |
| dewey-full | 940.3/47 |
| dewey-hundreds | 900 - History & geography |
| dewey-ones | 940 - History of Europe |
| dewey-raw | 940.3/47 |
| dewey-search | 940.3/47 |
| dewey-sort | 3940.3 247 |
| dewey-tens | 940 - History of Europe |
| discipline | Geschichte |
| discipline_str_mv | Geschichte |
| era | Geschichte 1914-1917 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1914-1917 |
| format | Book |
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| geographic | Rusland gtt Russland Russia History Nicholas II, 1894-1917 Russland (DE-588)4076899-5 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Rusland Russland Russia History Nicholas II, 1894-1917 |
| id | DE-604.BV021709340 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T15:19:53Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T20:42:12Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0801444268 |
| language | English |
| lccn | 2005032279 |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-014923175 |
| oclc_num | 62282140 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-473 DE-BY-UBG DE-12 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-11 |
| owner_facet | DE-473 DE-BY-UBG DE-12 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-11 |
| physical | XIII, 286 S. Ill., Kt. |
| psigel | BSBWK1 |
| publishDate | 2006 |
| publishDateSearch | 2006 |
| publishDateSort | 2006 |
| publisher | Cornell Univ. Press |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Fuller, William C. Verfasser aut The foe within fantasies of treason and the end of Imperial Russia William C. Fuller Ithaca, N.Y. [u.a.] Cornell Univ. Press 2006 XIII, 286 S. Ill., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references and index Mi︠a︢soedov, Sergeĭ Nikolaevich 1866-1915 Sukhomlinov, Vladimir Aleksandrovich 1848-1926 Mjasoedov, Sergej N. 1867-1915 (DE-588)118898469 gnd rswk-swf Suchomlinov, Vladimir A. 1848-1926 (DE-588)130044474 gnd rswk-swf Geschichte 1914-1917 gnd rswk-swf Geschichte Weltkrieg (1914-1918) World War, 1914-1918 Russia Treason Russia History Espionage, German Russia History Spionage (DE-588)4056287-6 gnd rswk-swf Hochverrat (DE-588)4113940-9 gnd rswk-swf Rusland gtt Russland Russia History Nicholas II, 1894-1917 Russland (DE-588)4076899-5 gnd rswk-swf Russland (DE-588)4076899-5 g Spionage (DE-588)4056287-6 s Hochverrat (DE-588)4113940-9 s Geschichte 1914-1917 z DE-604 Mjasoedov, Sergej N. 1867-1915 (DE-588)118898469 p Suchomlinov, Vladimir A. 1848-1926 (DE-588)130044474 p http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip063/2005032279.html Table of contents LoC Fremddatenuebernahme application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=014923175&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 2 application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=014923175&sequence=000006&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register |
| spellingShingle | Fuller, William C. The foe within fantasies of treason and the end of Imperial Russia Mi︠a︢soedov, Sergeĭ Nikolaevich 1866-1915 Sukhomlinov, Vladimir Aleksandrovich 1848-1926 Mjasoedov, Sergej N. 1867-1915 (DE-588)118898469 gnd Suchomlinov, Vladimir A. 1848-1926 (DE-588)130044474 gnd Geschichte Weltkrieg (1914-1918) World War, 1914-1918 Russia Treason Russia History Espionage, German Russia History Spionage (DE-588)4056287-6 gnd Hochverrat (DE-588)4113940-9 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)118898469 (DE-588)130044474 (DE-588)4056287-6 (DE-588)4113940-9 (DE-588)4076899-5 |
| title | The foe within fantasies of treason and the end of Imperial Russia |
| title_auth | The foe within fantasies of treason and the end of Imperial Russia |
| title_exact_search | The foe within fantasies of treason and the end of Imperial Russia |
| title_exact_search_txtP | The foe within fantasies of treason and the end of Imperial Russia |
| title_full | The foe within fantasies of treason and the end of Imperial Russia William C. Fuller |
| title_fullStr | The foe within fantasies of treason and the end of Imperial Russia William C. Fuller |
| title_full_unstemmed | The foe within fantasies of treason and the end of Imperial Russia William C. Fuller |
| title_short | The foe within |
| title_sort | the foe within fantasies of treason and the end of imperial russia |
| title_sub | fantasies of treason and the end of Imperial Russia |
| topic | Mi︠a︢soedov, Sergeĭ Nikolaevich 1866-1915 Sukhomlinov, Vladimir Aleksandrovich 1848-1926 Mjasoedov, Sergej N. 1867-1915 (DE-588)118898469 gnd Suchomlinov, Vladimir A. 1848-1926 (DE-588)130044474 gnd Geschichte Weltkrieg (1914-1918) World War, 1914-1918 Russia Treason Russia History Espionage, German Russia History Spionage (DE-588)4056287-6 gnd Hochverrat (DE-588)4113940-9 gnd |
| topic_facet | Mi︠a︢soedov, Sergeĭ Nikolaevich 1866-1915 Sukhomlinov, Vladimir Aleksandrovich 1848-1926 Mjasoedov, Sergej N. 1867-1915 Suchomlinov, Vladimir A. 1848-1926 Geschichte Weltkrieg (1914-1918) World War, 1914-1918 Russia Treason Russia History Espionage, German Russia History Spionage Hochverrat Rusland Russland Russia History Nicholas II, 1894-1917 |
| url | http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip063/2005032279.html http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=014923175&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=014923175&sequence=000006&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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