Human response to vibration:
Saved in:
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Boca Raton, FL [u.a.]
CRC Press
2005
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Publisher description Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Item Description: | Includes bibliographical references (p. 203-219) and index |
| Physical Description: | 227 S. Ill., graph. Darst. 25 cm |
| ISBN: | 041528239X |
Staff View
MARC
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| 020 | |a 041528239X |c pbk. |9 0-415-28239-X | ||
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| 082 | 0 | |a 612/.01445 | |
| 100 | 1 | |a Mansfield, Neil J. |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Human response to vibration |c Neil J. Mansfield |
| 264 | 1 | |a Boca Raton, FL [u.a.] |b CRC Press |c 2005 | |
| 300 | |a 227 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. |c 25 cm | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Includes bibliographical references (p. 203-219) and index | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Vibration - Effets physiologiques | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Vibration |x Physiological effect | |
| 856 | 4 | |u http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0646/2004054491-d.html |3 Publisher description | |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m HBZ Datenaustausch |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=014842187&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
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Record in the Search Index
| _version_ | 1804135422774738944 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction to Vibration 1
1.1 Human Response to Vibration in Context 1
1.2 Introduction to Wave Theory 1
1.2.1 Simple Waves 2
1.2.2 Adding Waves 2
1.2.3 Displacement, Velocity, and Acceleration 3
1.2.4 Resonance 4
1.2.5 Representation of Vibration Signals 5
1.3 Classification of Vibration 6
1.3.1 Classification of Vibration by Contact Site, Effect, and
Frequency 6
1.3.2 Classification of Vibration by Waveform 8
1.3.3 Classification of Vibration by Magnitude 8
1.4 Vibration Axes 9
1.5 Chapter Summary 10
Chapter 2 Whole Body Vibration 13
2.1 Introduction 13
2.2 Whole Body Vibration Perception 13
2.2.1 Mechanisms of Perception 14
2.2.2 Perception in Seated Postures 15
2.2.3 Perception in Nonseated Postures 16
2.2.4 Frequency Weightings 17
2.2.5 Vibration Perception in Buildings 19
2.3 Whole Body Vibration Comfort and Discomfort 21
2.3.1 Noise, Vibration, and Harshness (NVH) 21
2.3.2 Vehicle Comfort 21
2.3.3 Assessing Vibration Comfort 22
2.3.4 Activity Interference 23
2.4 Health Effects of Whole Body Vibration 23
2.4.1 Epidemiological Studies 25
2.4.2 Pathological Studies 27
2.4.3 Protection 28
2.4.4 The Holistic Approach 30
2.5 Seating Dynamics 31
2.5.1 Optimizing Vehicle Seating Comfort 31
2.5.2 Conventional Seats 33
2.5.3 Suspension Seats 37
2.5.4 Seat Testing 40
2.6 Biomechanical Responses to Whole Body Vibration 41
2.6.1 Transmission of Vibration Through the Body 42
2.6.2 Mechanical Impedance of the Body 44
2.6.3 Effect of Subject Variables 45
2.6.4 Effect of Stimulus Variables 46
2.6.5 Biomechanical Models for Human Response to Whole Body
Vibration 47
2.6.5.1 Lumped Parameter Models 48
2.6.5.2 Physical Models 50
2.7 Chapter Summary 52
Chapter 3 Motion Sickness 53
3.1 Introduction 53
3.2 Signs and Symptoms of Motion Sickness 55
3.3 The Cause of Motion Sickness 56
3.3.1 Sensory Conflict Theory 56
3.3.2 Types of Sensory Conflict 59
3.4 Travel Sickness 60
3.4.1 Seasickness 60
3.4.2 Airsickness 63
3.4.3 Sickness Associated with Ground Transportation 64
3.5 Simulator Sickness 65
3.6 Relative Sensitivity to Simulated Motion of Different Frequencies 66
3.6.1 Effect of Frequency of Vertical Oscillation on Sickness
Incidence 67
3.6.2 Effect of Frequency of Fore and Aft Oscillation on Sickness
Incidence 68
3.6.3 Effect of Frequency of Lateral Oscillation on Sickness
Incidence 69
3.6.4 Relative Nauseogenicity of Low Frequency Oscillation in
Different Directions 70
3.7 Habituation to Motion Sickness 70
3.8 Prevention of Motion Sickness 71
3.8.1 Avoidance 71
3.8.2 Alternative Therapies 71
3.8.3 Antimotion Sickness Drugs 72
3.8.4 Optimizing the Motion Stimulus 74
3.8.5 Avoiding Conflict 74
3.8.6 Motion Sickness Desensitization Programs 75
3.9 Chapter Summary 76
Chapter 4 Hand Transmitted Vibration 77
4.1 Introduction 77
4.2 Hand Transmitted Vibration Perception 77
4.3 Health Effects of Hand Transmitted Vibration 79
4.3.1 Vascular Aspects of Hand Arm Vibration Syndrome 80
4.3.1.1 Primary Raynaud s Disease 80
4.3.1.2 Secondary Raynaud s Disease 81
4.3.1.3 Vibration Induced White Finger (VWF) 81
4.3.2 Nonvascular Disorders of Hand Arm Vibration Syndrome 83
4.3.2.1 Neurological Disorders 84
4.3.2.2 Bone and Joint Disorders 84
4.3.2.3 Muscular Disorders 84
4.3.2.4 Disorders Remote from the Hand and Arm 85
4.4 Classification and Diagnosis of Hand Arm Vibration Syndrome 85
4.4.1 Checklist Methods of Classifying Hand Arm Vibration
Syndrome 86
4.4.2 Objective Methods for Diagnosing Hand Arm Vibration
Syndrome 88
4.4.2.1 Thermal Threshold Testing 88
4.4.2.2 Vibrotactile Threshold Testing 89
4.4.2.3 Rewarming Time Testing 89
4.4.2.4 Finger Systolic Blood Pressure Testing 90
4.5 Reducing Risks from Hand Transmitted Vibration 90
4.5.1 Health Monitoring 91
4.5.2 Education and Training 92
4.5.3 Information Flow 92
4.5.4 Minimization of Other Ergonomic Risk Factors 93
4.5.5 Quantification and Minimization of Exposure 93
4.5.5.1 Optimization of the Tool 93
4.5.5.2 Optimization of the Job 94
4.5.5.3 Antivibration Gloves 94
4.6 Chapter Summary 95
Chapter 5 Vibration Measurement 97
5.1 Introduction 97
5.2 Measurement Flow 98
5.3 Human Vibration Meters 99
5.3.1 Considerations for Selection of a Human Vibration Meter 100
5.4 Data Acquisition Systems 100
5.4.1 Resolution and Sampling 101
5.4.2 Aliasing 103
5.5 Accelerometers 104
5.5.1 Piezoresistive Accelerometers 104
5.5.2 Piezoelectric Accelerometers 105
5.5.3 ICP (Integrated Circuit Piezoelectric) Accelerometers 106
5.6 Signal Conditioning 106
5.6.1 Accelerometer Amplifiers 106
5.6.2 Filters 108
5.7 Calibration of Human Vibration Measurement Systems 109
5.8 Signal Processing 110
5.8.1 Frequency Weightings Ill
5.8.2 Statistical Measurements 112
5.8.2.1 Root Mean Square (r.m.s.) 112
5.8.2.2 Peak Acceleration 114
5.8.2.3 Crest Factor (CF) 114
5.8.2.4 Vibration Dose Value (VDV) 115
5.8.2.5 Combining Axes 115
5.8.2.6 Calculation of Daily Exposures 116
5.8.2.7 Acceptable Exposure Time Thresholds 117
5.8.3 Spectral Analysis 118
5.8.3.1 Fast Fourier Transforms (FFTs) 118
5.8.3.2 Power Spectral Densities (PSDs) 119
5.8.3.3 Frequency Response (Transfer) Functions 119
5.8.3.4 Coherence 120
5.9 Successful Vibration Measurement 122
5.9.1 Step 1: Strategic Planning of Approach 122
5.9.2 Step 2: Collation and Calibration of Equipment 123
5.9.3 Step 3: Mounting of Accelerometers 123
5.9.4 Step 4: Measurement of the Vibration 128
5.9.5 Step 5: Analysis and Postprocessing 129
5.10 Case Study 1: Hand Transmitted Vibration Assessment 130
5.11 Case Study 2: Whole Body Vibration Assessment 134
5.12 Chapter Summary 135
Chapter 6 Whole Body Vibration Standards 139
6.1 Introduction 139
6.2 Standardization Bodies 140
6.2.1 International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 141
6.2.2 European Committee for Standardization (CEN) 143
6.2.3 National Standardization Bodies 143
6.2.3.1 British Standards Institution (BSI) 145
6.3 Legal Position of Standards 146
6.4 Standards for Whole Body Vibration Measurement and Assessment 147
6.4.1 BS 6841: Guide to Measurement and Evaluation of Human
Exposure to Whole Body Mechanical Vibration and Repeated
Shock (1987) 147
6.4.2 ISO 2631: Mechanical Vibration and Shock — Evaluation of
Human Exposure to Whole Body Vibration — Part 1: General
Requirements (1997) 150
6.4.3 Comparison of BS 6841 (1987) and ISO 2631 (1997) 153
6.5 Standards for Determining Vibration Exposures in Specific Vehicles 155
6.5.1 ISO 5008: Agricultural Wheeled Tractors and Field
Machinery — Measurement of Whole Body Vibration of the
Operator (2002) 155
6.5.2 ISO 10056: Mechanical Vibration — Measurement and Analysis
of Whole Body Vibration to Which Passengers and Crew Are
Exposed in Railway Vehicles (2001) 157
6.6 Standards for Determination of Whole Body Vibration Emission Values
for Mobile Machinery 157
6.6.1 European Standard EN 1032: Mechanical Vibration — Testing
of Mobile Machinery in Order to Determine the Vibration
Emission Value (2003) 158
6.6.2 EN 13059: Safety of Industrial Trucks — Test Methods for
Measuring Vibration (2002) 160
6.7 Standards for Testing Vehicle Seats in the Laboratory 160
6.7.1 ISO 10326 1: Mechanical Vibration — Laboratory Method for
Evaluating Vehicle Seat Vibration — Part 1: Basic Requirements
(1992) 162
6.7.2 ISO 10326 2: Mechanical Vibration — Laboratory Method for
Evaluating Vehicle Seat Vibration — Part 2: Application to
Railway Vehicles (2001) 163
6.7.3 ISO 7096: Earthmoving Machinery — Laboratory Evaluation of
Operator Seat Vibration (2000) 164
6.7.4 EN 13490: Mechanical Vibration — Industrial Trucks —
Laboratory Evaluation and Specification of Operator Seat
Vibration (2001) 164
6.8 Chapter Summary 166
Chapter 7 Hand Transmitted Vibration Standards 169
7.1 Introduction 169
7.2 Standards for Hand Transmitted Vibration Measurement and
Assessment 169
7.2.1 ISO 5349 1: Mechanical Vibration — Measurement and
Evaluation of Human Exposure to Hand Transmitted Vibration —
Part 1: General Requirements (2001) 170
7.2.2 ISO 5349 2: Mechanical Vibration — Measurement and
Evaluation of Human Exposure to Hand Transmitted Vibration —
Part 2: Practical Guidance for Measurement at the Workplace
(2001) 171
7.2.3 BS 6842: British Standards Guide to Measurement and
Evaluation of Human Exposure to Vibration Transmitted to the
Hand (Superseded) (1987) 173
7.2.4 ISO 5349: Mechanical Vibration — Guidelines for the
Measurement and the Assessment of Human Exposure to
Hand Transmitted Vibration (Superseded) (1986) 174
7.3 Standards for Determining the Vibration Emission Value of Tools and
Hand Guided Machines 175
7.3.1 EN 1033: Hand Arm Vibration — Laboratory
Measurement of Vibration at the Grip Surface of Hand Guided
Machinery — General (1995) 175
7.3.2 ISO 8662: Hand held Portable Power Tools —
Measurements of Vibrations at the Handle — Part 1: General
(1988) 176
7.3.3 ISO 8662: Hand held Portable Power Tools —
Measurements of Vibrations at the Handle — Part 2: Chipping
Hammers and Riveting Hammers (1992) 178
7.3.4 ISO 8662: Hand held Portable Power Tools — Measurements of
Vibrations at the Handle — Part 4: Grinders (1994) 179
7.3.5 International Standard ISO 8662: Hand held Portable
Power Tools — Measurements of Vibrations at the Handle —
Part 6: Impact Drills (1994) 181
7.4 Standards for Testing the Dynamic Performance of Antivibration
Gloves 181
7.4.1 ISO 13753: Mechanical Vibration and Shock —
Hand Arm Vibration — Method for Measuring the Vibration
Transmissibility of Resilient Materials when Loaded by the
Hand Arm System (1998) 182
7.4.2 ISO 10819: Mechanical Vibration and Shock —
Hand Arm Vibration — Method for the Measurement and
Evaluation of the Vibration Transmissibility of Gloves at the
Palm of the Hand (1996) 183
7.5 Chapter Summary 185
Chapter 8 European Directives 187
8.1 Introduction 187
8.2 Development of European Directives 187
8.3 Legal Position of European Directives 188
8.4 The Machinery Safety Directive: Directive 98/37/EC of the European
Parliament and of the Council on the Approximation of the Laws of the
Member States, Relating to Machinery 188
8.4.1 Principles of Safety Integration 189
8.4.2 Reporting of Emission Values for Hand Transmitted Vibration 190
8.4.3 Reporting of Emission Values for Whole Body Vibration 191
8.4.4 Impact of the Machinery Safety Directive on Occupational
Health of Workers 191
8.4.5 Reporting of Emission Values for Noise Exposure 191
8.5 The Physical Agents (Vibration) Directive: Directive 2002/44/EC of the
European Parliament and of the Council on the Minimum Health and
Safety Requirements Regarding the Exposure of Workers to the Risks
Arising from Physical Agents (Vibration) 192
8.5.1 Physical Agents (Vibration) Directive — Section 1: General
Provisions 192
8.5.2 Physical Agents (Vibration) Directive — Section 2: Obligation of
Employers 194
8.5.3 Physical Agents (Vibration) Directive — Section 3: Miscellaneous
Provisions 196
8.5.3.1 Health Surveillance 196
8.5.3.2 Transitional Periods 197
8.5.3.3 Derogations 197
8.5.4 Physical Agents (Vibration) Directive — Section 4: Final
Provisions 198
8.5.5 Review of the Physical Agents (Vibration) Directive 198
8.5.5.1 Financial Costs 198
8.5.5.2 Improvements in Product Design 199
8.5.5.3 Are the Methods Correct? 199
8.5.5.4 Are the Exposure Limit Values and Exposure Action
Values Correct? 200
8.6 The Physical Agents (Noise) Directive: Directive 2003/10/EC of the
European Parliament and of the Council on the Minimum Health and
Safety Requirements Regarding the Exposure of Workers to the Risks
Arising from Physical Agents (Noise) 200
8.7 Chapter Summary 201
References 203
Index 221
|
| adam_txt |
Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction to Vibration 1
1.1 Human Response to Vibration in Context 1
1.2 Introduction to Wave Theory 1
1.2.1 Simple Waves 2
1.2.2 Adding Waves 2
1.2.3 Displacement, Velocity, and Acceleration 3
1.2.4 Resonance 4
1.2.5 Representation of Vibration Signals 5
1.3 Classification of Vibration 6
1.3.1 Classification of Vibration by Contact Site, Effect, and
Frequency 6
1.3.2 Classification of Vibration by Waveform 8
1.3.3 Classification of Vibration by Magnitude 8
1.4 Vibration Axes 9
1.5 Chapter Summary 10
Chapter 2 Whole Body Vibration 13
2.1 Introduction 13
2.2 Whole Body Vibration Perception 13
2.2.1 Mechanisms of Perception 14
2.2.2 Perception in Seated Postures 15
2.2.3 Perception in Nonseated Postures 16
2.2.4 Frequency Weightings 17
2.2.5 Vibration Perception in Buildings 19
2.3 Whole Body Vibration Comfort and Discomfort 21
2.3.1 Noise, Vibration, and Harshness (NVH) 21
2.3.2 Vehicle Comfort 21
2.3.3 Assessing Vibration Comfort 22
2.3.4 Activity Interference 23
2.4 Health Effects of Whole Body Vibration 23
2.4.1 Epidemiological Studies 25
2.4.2 Pathological Studies 27
2.4.3 Protection 28
2.4.4 The "Holistic" Approach 30
2.5 Seating Dynamics 31
2.5.1 Optimizing Vehicle Seating Comfort 31
2.5.2 Conventional Seats 33
2.5.3 Suspension Seats 37
2.5.4 Seat Testing 40
2.6 Biomechanical Responses to Whole Body Vibration 41
2.6.1 Transmission of Vibration Through the Body 42
2.6.2 Mechanical Impedance of the Body 44
2.6.3 Effect of Subject Variables 45
2.6.4 Effect of Stimulus Variables 46
2.6.5 Biomechanical Models for Human Response to Whole Body
Vibration 47
2.6.5.1 Lumped Parameter Models 48
2.6.5.2 Physical Models 50
2.7 Chapter Summary 52
Chapter 3 Motion Sickness 53
3.1 Introduction 53
3.2 Signs and Symptoms of Motion Sickness 55
3.3 The Cause of Motion Sickness 56
3.3.1 Sensory Conflict Theory 56
3.3.2 Types of Sensory Conflict 59
3.4 Travel Sickness 60
3.4.1 Seasickness 60
3.4.2 Airsickness 63
3.4.3 Sickness Associated with Ground Transportation 64
3.5 Simulator Sickness 65
3.6 Relative Sensitivity to Simulated Motion of Different Frequencies 66
3.6.1 Effect of Frequency of Vertical Oscillation on Sickness
Incidence 67
3.6.2 Effect of Frequency of Fore and Aft Oscillation on Sickness
Incidence 68
3.6.3 Effect of Frequency of Lateral Oscillation on Sickness
Incidence 69
3.6.4 Relative Nauseogenicity of Low Frequency Oscillation in
Different Directions 70
3.7 Habituation to Motion Sickness 70
3.8 Prevention of Motion Sickness 71
3.8.1 Avoidance 71
3.8.2 Alternative Therapies 71
3.8.3 Antimotion Sickness Drugs 72
3.8.4 Optimizing the Motion Stimulus 74
3.8.5 Avoiding Conflict 74
3.8.6 Motion Sickness Desensitization Programs 75
3.9 Chapter Summary 76
Chapter 4 Hand Transmitted Vibration 77
4.1 Introduction 77
4.2 Hand Transmitted Vibration Perception 77
4.3 Health Effects of Hand Transmitted Vibration 79
4.3.1 Vascular Aspects of Hand Arm Vibration Syndrome 80
4.3.1.1 Primary Raynaud's Disease 80
4.3.1.2 Secondary Raynaud's Disease 81
4.3.1.3 Vibration Induced White Finger (VWF) 81
4.3.2 Nonvascular Disorders of Hand Arm Vibration Syndrome 83
4.3.2.1 Neurological Disorders 84
4.3.2.2 Bone and Joint Disorders 84
4.3.2.3 Muscular Disorders 84
4.3.2.4 Disorders Remote from the Hand and Arm 85
4.4 Classification and Diagnosis of Hand Arm Vibration Syndrome 85
4.4.1 Checklist Methods of Classifying Hand Arm Vibration
Syndrome 86
4.4.2 Objective Methods for Diagnosing Hand Arm Vibration
Syndrome 88
4.4.2.1 Thermal Threshold Testing 88
4.4.2.2 Vibrotactile Threshold Testing 89
4.4.2.3 Rewarming Time Testing 89
4.4.2.4 Finger Systolic Blood Pressure Testing 90
4.5 Reducing Risks from Hand Transmitted Vibration 90
4.5.1 Health Monitoring 91
4.5.2 Education and Training 92
4.5.3 Information Flow 92
4.5.4 Minimization of Other Ergonomic Risk Factors 93
4.5.5 Quantification and Minimization of Exposure 93
4.5.5.1 Optimization of the Tool 93
4.5.5.2 Optimization of the Job 94
4.5.5.3 Antivibration Gloves 94
4.6 Chapter Summary 95
Chapter 5 Vibration Measurement 97
5.1 Introduction 97
5.2 Measurement Flow 98
5.3 Human Vibration Meters 99
5.3.1 Considerations for Selection of a Human Vibration Meter 100
5.4 Data Acquisition Systems 100
5.4.1 Resolution and Sampling 101
5.4.2 Aliasing 103
5.5 Accelerometers 104
5.5.1 Piezoresistive Accelerometers 104
5.5.2 Piezoelectric Accelerometers 105
5.5.3 ICP (Integrated Circuit Piezoelectric) Accelerometers 106
5.6 Signal Conditioning 106
5.6.1 Accelerometer Amplifiers 106
5.6.2 Filters 108
5.7 Calibration of Human Vibration Measurement Systems 109
5.8 Signal Processing 110
5.8.1 Frequency Weightings Ill
5.8.2 Statistical Measurements 112
5.8.2.1 Root Mean Square (r.m.s.) 112
5.8.2.2 Peak Acceleration 114
5.8.2.3 Crest Factor (CF) 114
5.8.2.4 Vibration Dose Value (VDV) 115
5.8.2.5 Combining Axes 115
5.8.2.6 Calculation of Daily Exposures 116
5.8.2.7 Acceptable Exposure Time Thresholds 117
5.8.3 Spectral Analysis 118
5.8.3.1 Fast Fourier Transforms (FFTs) 118
5.8.3.2 Power Spectral Densities (PSDs) 119
5.8.3.3 Frequency Response (Transfer) Functions 119
5.8.3.4 Coherence 120
5.9 Successful Vibration Measurement 122
5.9.1 Step 1: Strategic Planning of Approach 122
5.9.2 Step 2: Collation and Calibration of Equipment 123
5.9.3 Step 3: Mounting of Accelerometers 123
5.9.4 Step 4: Measurement of the Vibration 128
5.9.5 Step 5: Analysis and Postprocessing 129
5.10 Case Study 1: Hand Transmitted Vibration Assessment 130
5.11 Case Study 2: Whole Body Vibration Assessment 134
5.12 Chapter Summary 135
Chapter 6 Whole Body Vibration Standards 139
6.1 Introduction 139
6.2 Standardization Bodies 140
6.2.1 International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 141
6.2.2 European Committee for Standardization (CEN) 143
6.2.3 National Standardization Bodies 143
6.2.3.1 British Standards Institution (BSI) 145
6.3 Legal Position of Standards 146
6.4 Standards for Whole Body Vibration Measurement and Assessment 147
6.4.1 BS 6841: Guide to Measurement and Evaluation of Human
Exposure to Whole Body Mechanical Vibration and Repeated
Shock (1987) 147
6.4.2 ISO 2631: Mechanical Vibration and Shock — Evaluation of
Human Exposure to Whole Body Vibration — Part 1: General
Requirements (1997) 150
6.4.3 Comparison of BS 6841 (1987) and ISO 2631 (1997) 153
6.5 Standards for Determining Vibration Exposures in Specific Vehicles 155
6.5.1 ISO 5008: Agricultural Wheeled Tractors and Field
Machinery — Measurement of Whole Body Vibration of the
Operator (2002) 155
6.5.2 ISO 10056: Mechanical Vibration — Measurement and Analysis
of Whole Body Vibration to Which Passengers and Crew Are
Exposed in Railway Vehicles (2001) 157
6.6 Standards for Determination of Whole Body Vibration Emission Values
for Mobile Machinery 157
6.6.1 European Standard EN 1032: Mechanical Vibration — Testing
of Mobile Machinery in Order to Determine the Vibration
Emission Value (2003) 158
6.6.2 EN 13059: Safety of Industrial Trucks — Test Methods for
Measuring Vibration (2002) 160
6.7 Standards for Testing Vehicle Seats in the Laboratory 160
6.7.1 ISO 10326 1: Mechanical Vibration — Laboratory Method for
Evaluating Vehicle Seat Vibration — Part 1: Basic Requirements
(1992) 162
6.7.2 ISO 10326 2: Mechanical Vibration — Laboratory Method for
Evaluating Vehicle Seat Vibration — Part 2: Application to
Railway Vehicles (2001) 163
6.7.3 ISO 7096: Earthmoving Machinery — Laboratory Evaluation of
Operator Seat Vibration (2000) 164
6.7.4 EN 13490: Mechanical Vibration — Industrial Trucks —
Laboratory Evaluation and Specification of Operator Seat
Vibration (2001) 164
6.8 Chapter Summary 166
Chapter 7 Hand Transmitted Vibration Standards 169
7.1 Introduction 169
7.2 Standards for Hand Transmitted Vibration Measurement and
Assessment 169
7.2.1 ISO 5349 1: Mechanical Vibration — Measurement and
Evaluation of Human Exposure to Hand Transmitted Vibration —
Part 1: General Requirements (2001) 170
7.2.2 ISO 5349 2: Mechanical Vibration — Measurement and
Evaluation of Human Exposure to Hand Transmitted Vibration —
Part 2: Practical Guidance for Measurement at the Workplace
(2001) 171
7.2.3 BS 6842: British Standards Guide to Measurement and
Evaluation of Human Exposure to Vibration Transmitted to the
Hand (Superseded) (1987) 173
7.2.4 ISO 5349: Mechanical Vibration — Guidelines for the
Measurement and the Assessment of Human Exposure to
Hand Transmitted Vibration (Superseded) (1986) 174
7.3 Standards for Determining the Vibration Emission Value of Tools and
Hand Guided Machines 175
7.3.1 EN 1033: Hand Arm Vibration — Laboratory
Measurement of Vibration at the Grip Surface of Hand Guided
Machinery — General (1995) 175
7.3.2 ISO 8662: Hand held Portable Power Tools —
Measurements of Vibrations at the Handle — Part 1: General
(1988) 176
7.3.3 ISO 8662: Hand held Portable Power Tools —
Measurements of Vibrations at the Handle — Part 2: Chipping
Hammers and Riveting Hammers (1992) 178
7.3.4 ISO 8662: Hand held Portable Power Tools — Measurements of
Vibrations at the Handle — Part 4: Grinders (1994) 179
7.3.5 International Standard ISO 8662: Hand held Portable
Power Tools — Measurements of Vibrations at the Handle —
Part 6: Impact Drills (1994) 181
7.4 Standards for Testing the Dynamic Performance of Antivibration
Gloves 181
7.4.1 ISO 13753: Mechanical Vibration and Shock —
Hand Arm Vibration — Method for Measuring the Vibration
Transmissibility of Resilient Materials when Loaded by the
Hand Arm System (1998) 182
7.4.2 ISO 10819: Mechanical Vibration and Shock —
Hand Arm Vibration — Method for the Measurement and
Evaluation of the Vibration Transmissibility of Gloves at the
Palm of the Hand (1996) 183
7.5 Chapter Summary 185
Chapter 8 European Directives 187
8.1 Introduction 187
8.2 Development of European Directives 187
8.3 Legal Position of European Directives 188
8.4 The Machinery Safety Directive: Directive 98/37/EC of the European
Parliament and of the Council on the Approximation of the Laws of the
Member States, Relating to Machinery 188
8.4.1 Principles of Safety Integration 189
8.4.2 Reporting of Emission Values for Hand Transmitted Vibration 190
8.4.3 Reporting of Emission Values for Whole Body Vibration 191
8.4.4 Impact of the Machinery Safety Directive on Occupational
Health of Workers 191
8.4.5 Reporting of Emission Values for Noise Exposure 191
8.5 The Physical Agents (Vibration) Directive: Directive 2002/44/EC of the
European Parliament and of the Council on the Minimum Health and
Safety Requirements Regarding the Exposure of Workers to the Risks
Arising from Physical Agents (Vibration) 192
8.5.1 Physical Agents (Vibration) Directive — Section 1: General
Provisions 192
8.5.2 Physical Agents (Vibration) Directive — Section 2: Obligation of
Employers 194
8.5.3 Physical Agents (Vibration) Directive — Section 3: Miscellaneous
Provisions 196
8.5.3.1 Health Surveillance 196
8.5.3.2 Transitional Periods 197
8.5.3.3 Derogations 197
8.5.4 Physical Agents (Vibration) Directive — Section 4: Final
Provisions 198
8.5.5 Review of the Physical Agents (Vibration) Directive 198
8.5.5.1 Financial Costs 198
8.5.5.2 Improvements in Product Design 199
8.5.5.3 Are the Methods Correct? 199
8.5.5.4 Are the Exposure Limit Values and Exposure Action
Values Correct? 200
8.6 The Physical Agents (Noise) Directive: Directive 2003/10/EC of the
European Parliament and of the Council on the Minimum Health and
Safety Requirements Regarding the Exposure of Workers to the Risks
Arising from Physical Agents (Noise) 200
8.7 Chapter Summary 201
References 203
Index 221 |
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| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T14:55:42Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T20:40:15Z |
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| isbn | 041528239X |
| language | English |
| lccn | 2004054491 |
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| physical | 227 S. Ill., graph. Darst. 25 cm |
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| spelling | Mansfield, Neil J. Verfasser aut Human response to vibration Neil J. Mansfield Boca Raton, FL [u.a.] CRC Press 2005 227 S. Ill., graph. Darst. 25 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references (p. 203-219) and index Vibration - Effets physiologiques Vibration Physiological effect http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0646/2004054491-d.html Publisher description HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=014842187&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Mansfield, Neil J. Human response to vibration Vibration - Effets physiologiques Vibration Physiological effect |
| title | Human response to vibration |
| title_auth | Human response to vibration |
| title_exact_search | Human response to vibration |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Human response to vibration |
| title_full | Human response to vibration Neil J. Mansfield |
| title_fullStr | Human response to vibration Neil J. Mansfield |
| title_full_unstemmed | Human response to vibration Neil J. Mansfield |
| title_short | Human response to vibration |
| title_sort | human response to vibration |
| topic | Vibration - Effets physiologiques Vibration Physiological effect |
| topic_facet | Vibration - Effets physiologiques Vibration Physiological effect |
| url | http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0646/2004054491-d.html http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=014842187&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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