The religion of the Mithras cult in the Roman Empire: mysteries of the unconquered sun
Saved in:
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Oxford
Oxford University Press
2006
|
| Edition: | 1. publication |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XIII, 285 Seiten Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0198140894 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a The religion of the Mithras cult in the Roman Empire |b mysteries of the unconquered sun |c Roger Beck |
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Record in the Search Index
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|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
List of Figures
xiv
Abbreviations
xv
1.
Introduction to Interpreting the Mysteries: Old Ways, New Ways
1
1.
An agenda
1
2.
A word on ontology
8
3.
Template for a re-description of the Mithraic mysteries
10
4.
On comparisons
12
5.
On cognition
13
6.
Synchronie
versus diachronic; structure and meaning versus
historic cause and effect; interpretation versus explanation
14
7.
Conclusion
15
2.
Old Ways: The Reconstruction of Mithraic Doctrine from
Iconography
16
1.
A gateway to an interpretation of the mysteries: Porphyry,
De antro
nympharum
6,
on the form and function of the
mithraeum
16
2.
The traditional route: from the iconography of the monuments
to the myth of Mithras to the beliefs of Mithraists
17
3.
The merits and achievements of the traditional heuristic procedure
20
4.
The shortcomings of the traditional heuristic procedure
22
Appendix: some remaining methodological problems for the
explication of the Mithras myth as represented on the figured
monuments
25
3.
The Problem of Referents: Interpretation with Reference to What?
26
1.
Iconography and the problem of referents
26
2.
Referents in the surrounding culture?
26
3.
Iranian referents?
28
4.
Celestial (astronomical/astrological) referents?
30
5.
Conclusion
39
4.
Doctrine Redefined
41
1.
Back to Porphyry,
De antro
6 41
2.
Induction into a mystery : the doctrinal misconstruction of
De antro
6 41
χ
Contents
3.
Teaching versus enacting the descent and departure of souls :
the commonsensical answer
42
4.
An expectation of appropriate behaviour
43
5.
Reason for the wise, symbols for the vulgar
44
6.
Mithraic doctrine and its stakeholders: various views
50
7.
Doctrine and belief: the Christian faith paradigm
53
8.
Mithraic doctrine: three main issues
56
9.
(i) Generalizing about Mithraic doctrine from unusual
monuments
57
10.
(ii) What do we mean by doctrine in the context of the
Mithraic mysteries? An array of answers
59
11.
(iii)
Doctrine and the ordinary initiate
63
12.
Conclusion
63
Transition: from old ways to new ways
65
5.
The Mithraic Mysteries as Symbol System: I. Introduction and
Comparisons
67
1.
Religion as a system of symbols: an anthropological approach
67
2.
Are Geertzian description and interpretation applicable to the
symbol system of the Mithraic mysteries?
69
3.
Yes, Geertzian description and interpretation are possible,
provided we begin not with the tauroctony but with the
mithraeum and the grade structure
70
4.
A culture within a culture: Mithraism as a subsystem within the
cultural system of Graeco-Roman paganism. The hermeneutic
implications
71
5.
The symbol complex of the grade hierarchy
72
6.
A modern comparator: the symbol system of the Chamulas
74
7.
The construction of space in Mithraic and Chamula cultures
77
8.
Mithraism s second axiom: Harmony of Tension in Opposition
81
Appendix: on Porphyry s
De antro
nympharum as a reliable source of
data on the Mithraic mysteries
85
6.
Cognition and Representation
88
1.
The cognitive approach: ontogenetic/phylogenetic versus cultural
88
2.
Gods in mind: cognition and the representation of supernatural
beings
93
3.
Negotiating representations
94
4.
Reintegrating the wise and the vulgar
96
Appendix: comprehending the pantomime:
Lucian,
On the dance
99
Contents xi
7.
The Mithraic Mysteries as Symbol System: II. The Mithraeum
102
1.
The symbol complex of the mithraeum as image of the
universe
102
2.
The blueprint for the mithraeum
103
3.
To represents to be
112
4.
The blueprint continued: the planets
113
5.
An improved reconstruction
115
6.
Symbols, representations, and star-talk
116
7.
The view from the benches: analogies of world view and ethos
to Scipio s dream
117
8.
The Chamula church
119
9.
Other images of the universe in antiquity: (i) the Pantheon,
Nero s
Domus
Aurea,
Varro
s
aviary, the circus
120
10.
Other images of the universe in antiquity: (ii) orreries and
the Antikythera Mechanism, the sundial
123
11.
The mithraeum as symbolic instrument for inducting the
initiates into a mystery of the descent of souls and their exit
back out again
—
with some modern comparisons
128
12.
To experience , to surmise , and to represent :
Dios
Twelfth
(Olympic) Oration
133
13.
Religious experience as modelled by biogenetic structuralism
and neurotheology
136
14.
The cognized environment : the mithraeum as material
representation of the initiate s cognized universe
141
15.
The cognized universe and celestial navigation: the case of
the Indigo Bunting
149
16.
Conclusion
150
8.
Star-Talk: The Symbols of the Mithraic Mysteries as Language
Signs
153
1.
Introduction: star-talk
153
2.
Mithraic iconography as
un langage à déchiffrer
(R.
Turcan)
154
3.
Can symbols function as language signs? The question as posed
in cultural anthropology
155
4.
Crossing Sperber s bar: the case for Mithraic astral symbols as
language signs
157
5-
Star-talk: ancient views concerning its speakers, discourses,
semiotics, and semantics
164
6.
Origens
view: heavenly writings and their angelic readers
166
7.
Augustine s view: star-talk as a demonic language contract
167
8.
Origen
again: the demonic misconstruction of star-talk
169
xii Contents
9. Stars
talking theology: the heretical interpreters of
Aratus
as
reported by Hippolytus {Refutatio
4.46-50) 170
10.
Make-believe star-talk:
Zeno
of Verona s baptismal interpretation
of the zodiac
175
11.
Rolling up the scroll1:
Maximus
Confessor and the end of
history
177
12.
Pagan views (astronomers, astrologers, philosophers); stars
as botli speakers and signs
178
13.
The divinity and rationality of celestial bodies: Ptolemy
and Plato
179
14.
The Platonist view of how the stars communicate and how
we understand them; implications of the cosmology of the
Timaeus
183
15.
The celestial location of meaning
186
16.
Conclusion
188
9.
The Mithraic Mysteries as Symbol System: III. The Tauroctony
190
1.
Introduction: the exegesis and interpretation of star-talk
discourse
190
2.
The exegesis of star-talk in the tauroctony: A. The constellation
signs
194
3.
Exegesis (continued): B. Sun, Moon, Midiras, bull (again), cave
197
4.
Exegesis (continued): C. Map and view; boundaries and
orientation; time and motion. Similar structures: the augural
templům
and the anaphoric clock
200
5.
Exegesis (continued): D. Further meanings of the torchbearers:
the lunar nodes; celestial north and celestial south; heavenward
and earthward. Meanings of die typical and untypical
locations (Cautes left and Cautopates right versus Cautopates
left and Cautes right)
206
6.
Exegesis (continued): E. Being in me north/above or in the
south/below versus going northward/up or southward/down.
The solstices, the equinoxes, and yet further meanings of the
torchbearers
209
7.
Exegesis (continued): F. Two paradoxes:
(1)
cold north and hot
south versus hot nordi and cold south;
(2)
descending from
heaven and growing up on earth versus dying down on earth
and ascending to heaven. Terrestrial meanings of the
torchbearers
212
8.
Exegesis (continued): G. Where and when? Mithras the
bull-killer means Sun-in-Leo
214
Contents xiii
9.
From exegesis to interpretation. An esoteric quartering of the
heavens
216
10.
The implications of Sun-in-Leo and the esoteric quartering.
Conjunctions and eclipses; victories and defeats
222
11.
The origins of the esoteric quartering and die definition of
an ideal month
227
10.
Excursus: the esoteric quartering, a lost
helicoidal
model of lunar
motion, and the origin of the winds and steps of the Moon.
The identity of Antiochus the Athenian
240
Conclusions: a new basis for interpreting the mysteries
257
References
261
Index ofMithraic Monuments
273
Index of Ancient Authors
274
General Index
278
|
| adam_txt |
Contents
List of Figures
xiv
Abbreviations
xv
1.
Introduction to Interpreting the Mysteries: Old Ways, New Ways
1
1.
An agenda
1
2.
A word on ontology
8
3.
Template for a re-description of the Mithraic mysteries
10
4.
On comparisons
12
5.
On cognition
13
6.
Synchronie
versus diachronic; structure and meaning versus
historic cause and effect; interpretation versus explanation
14
7.
Conclusion
15
2.
Old Ways: The Reconstruction of Mithraic Doctrine from
Iconography
16
1.
A gateway to an interpretation of the mysteries: Porphyry,
De antro
nympharum
6,
on the form and function of the
mithraeum
16
2.
The traditional route: from the iconography of the monuments
to the myth of Mithras to the beliefs of Mithraists
17
3.
The merits and achievements of the traditional heuristic procedure
20
4.
The shortcomings of the traditional heuristic procedure
22
Appendix: some remaining methodological problems for the
explication of the Mithras myth as represented on the figured
monuments
25
3.
The Problem of Referents: Interpretation with Reference to What?
26
1.
Iconography and the problem of referents
26
2.
Referents in the surrounding culture?
26
3.
Iranian referents?
28
4.
Celestial (astronomical/astrological) referents?
30
5.
Conclusion
39
4.
Doctrine Redefined
41
1.
Back to Porphyry,
De antro
6 41
2.
'Induction into a mystery': the doctrinal misconstruction of
De antro
6 41
χ
Contents
3.
Teaching versus enacting the 'descent and departure of souls':
the commonsensical answer
42
4.
An expectation of appropriate behaviour
43
5.
'Reason for the wise, symbols for the vulgar'
44
6.
Mithraic doctrine and its stakeholders: various views
50
7.
Doctrine and belief: the Christian 'faith' paradigm
53
8.
Mithraic doctrine: three main issues
56
9.
(i) Generalizing about Mithraic doctrine from unusual
monuments
57
10.
(ii) What do we mean by 'doctrine' in the context of the
Mithraic mysteries? An array of answers
59
11.
(iii)
Doctrine and the ordinary initiate
63
12.
Conclusion
63
Transition: from old ways to new ways
65
5.
The Mithraic Mysteries as Symbol System: I. Introduction and
Comparisons
67
1.
Religion as a system of symbols: an anthropological approach
67
2.
Are Geertzian description and interpretation applicable to the
symbol system of the Mithraic mysteries?
69
3.
Yes, Geertzian description and interpretation are possible,
provided we begin not with the tauroctony but with the
mithraeum and the grade structure
70
4.
A culture within a culture: Mithraism as a subsystem within the
cultural system of Graeco-Roman paganism. The hermeneutic
implications
71
5.
The symbol complex of the grade hierarchy
72
6.
A modern comparator: the symbol system of the Chamulas
74
7.
The construction of space in Mithraic and Chamula cultures
77
8.
Mithraism's second axiom: 'Harmony of Tension in Opposition
81
Appendix: on Porphyry's
De antro
nympharum as a reliable source of
data on the Mithraic mysteries
85
6.
Cognition and Representation
88
1.
The cognitive approach: ontogenetic/phylogenetic versus cultural
88
2.
Gods in mind: cognition and the representation of supernatural
beings
93
3.
Negotiating representations
94
4.
Reintegrating the wise and the vulgar
96
Appendix: comprehending the pantomime:
Lucian,
On the dance
99
Contents xi
7.
The Mithraic Mysteries as Symbol System: II. The Mithraeum
102
1.
The symbol complex of the mithraeum as 'image of the
universe'
102
2.
The blueprint for the mithraeum
103
3.
To represents to be
112
4.
The blueprint continued: the planets
113
5.
An improved reconstruction
115
6.
Symbols, representations, and star-talk
116
7.
The view from the benches: analogies of world view and ethos
to 'Scipio's dream'
117
8.
The Chamula church
119
9.
Other 'images of the universe' in antiquity: (i) the Pantheon,
Nero's
Domus
Aurea,
Varro
s
aviary, the circus
120
10.
Other 'images of the universe' in antiquity: (ii) orreries and
the Antikythera Mechanism, the sundial
123
11.
The mithraeum as symbolic instrument for 'inducting the
initiates into a mystery of the descent of souls and their exit
back out again'
—
with some modern comparisons
128
12.
To 'experience', to 'surmise', and to 'represent':
Dios
Twelfth
(Olympic) Oration
133
13.
Religious experience as modelled by biogenetic structuralism
and 'neurotheology'
136
14.
The 'cognized environment': the mithraeum as material
representation of the initiate's cognized universe
141
15.
The cognized universe and celestial navigation: the case of
the Indigo Bunting
149
16.
Conclusion
150
8.
Star-Talk: The Symbols of the Mithraic Mysteries as Language
Signs
153
1.
Introduction: 'star-talk'
153
2.
Mithraic iconography as
'un langage à déchiffrer'
(R.
Turcan)
154
3.
Can symbols function as language signs? The question as posed
in cultural anthropology
155
4.
Crossing Sperber's bar: the case for Mithraic astral symbols as
language signs
157
5-
Star-talk: ancient views concerning its speakers, discourses,
semiotics, and semantics
164
6.
Origens
view: 'heavenly writings' and their angelic readers
166
7.
Augustine's view: star-talk as a demonic language contract
167
8.
Origen
again: the demonic misconstruction of star-talk
169
xii Contents
9. Stars
talking theology: the 'heretical' interpreters of
Aratus
as
reported by Hippolytus {Refutatio
4.46-50) 170
10.
Make-believe star-talk:
Zeno
of Verona's baptismal interpretation
of the zodiac
175
11.
'Rolling up the scroll1:
Maximus
Confessor and the end of
history
177
12.
Pagan views (astronomers, astrologers, philosophers); stars
as botli speakers and signs
178
13.
The divinity and rationality of celestial bodies: Ptolemy
and Plato
179
14.
The Platonist view of how the stars communicate and how
we understand them; implications of the cosmology of the
Timaeus
183
15.
The celestial location of meaning
186
16.
Conclusion
188
9.
The Mithraic Mysteries as Symbol System: III. The Tauroctony
190
1.
Introduction: the exegesis and interpretation of star-talk
discourse
190
2.
The exegesis of star-talk in the tauroctony: A. The constellation
signs
194
3.
Exegesis (continued): B. Sun, Moon, Midiras, bull (again), cave
197
4.
Exegesis (continued): C. Map and view; boundaries and
orientation; time and motion. Similar structures: the augural
templům
and the anaphoric clock
200
5.
Exegesis (continued): D. Further meanings of the torchbearers:
the lunar nodes; celestial north and celestial south; heavenward
and earthward. Meanings of die 'typical' and 'untypical'
locations (Cautes left and Cautopates right versus Cautopates
left and Cautes right)
206
6.
Exegesis (continued): E. Being in me north/above or in the
south/below versus going northward/up or southward/down.
The solstices, the equinoxes, and yet further meanings of the
torchbearers
209
7.
Exegesis (continued): F. Two paradoxes:
(1)
cold north and hot
south versus hot nordi and cold south;
(2)
descending from
heaven and growing up on earth versus dying down on earth
and ascending to heaven. Terrestrial meanings of the
torchbearers
212
8.
Exegesis (continued): G. Where and when? 'Mithras the
bull-killer' means 'Sun-in-Leo'
214
Contents xiii
9.
From exegesis to interpretation. An esoteric quartering of the
heavens
216
10.
The implications of Sun-in-Leo and the esoteric quartering.
Conjunctions and eclipses; victories and defeats
222
11.
The origins of the esoteric quartering and die definition of
an ideal month
227
10.
Excursus: the esoteric quartering, a lost
helicoidal
model of lunar
motion, and the origin of the 'winds' and 'steps' of the Moon.
The identity of 'Antiochus the Athenian'
240
Conclusions: a new basis for interpreting the mysteries
257
References
261
Index ofMithraic Monuments
273
Index of 'Ancient Authors
274
General Index
278 |
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| geographic | Rom Rome Römisches Reich (DE-588)4076778-4 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Rom Rome Römisches Reich |
| id | DE-604.BV021573127 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T14:39:07Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T20:38:57Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0198140894 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-014788909 |
| oclc_num | 61204349 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-M491 DE-12 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-188 DE-355 DE-BY-UBR |
| owner_facet | DE-M491 DE-12 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-188 DE-355 DE-BY-UBR |
| physical | XIII, 285 Seiten Ill., graph. Darst. |
| psigel | gbd_4_1909 |
| publishDate | 2006 |
| publishDateSearch | 2006 |
| publishDateSort | 2006 |
| publisher | Oxford University Press |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Beck, Roger Verfasser aut The religion of the Mithras cult in the Roman Empire mysteries of the unconquered sun Roger Beck 1. publication Oxford Oxford University Press 2006 XIII, 285 Seiten Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Mithrasdienst gtt Mithraism Mithraskult (DE-588)4170176-8 gnd rswk-swf Rom Rome Römisches Reich (DE-588)4076778-4 gnd rswk-swf Fremde Religionen im römischen Reich (DE-2581)TH000006606 gbd Mithras-Kult (DE-2581)TH000006611 gbd Mithräen (DE-2581)TH000008080 gbd Römisches Reich (DE-588)4076778-4 g Mithraskult (DE-588)4170176-8 s DE-604 Digitalisierung UB Regensburg application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=014788909&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Beck, Roger The religion of the Mithras cult in the Roman Empire mysteries of the unconquered sun Mithrasdienst gtt Mithraism Mithraskult (DE-588)4170176-8 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4170176-8 (DE-588)4076778-4 |
| title | The religion of the Mithras cult in the Roman Empire mysteries of the unconquered sun |
| title_auth | The religion of the Mithras cult in the Roman Empire mysteries of the unconquered sun |
| title_exact_search | The religion of the Mithras cult in the Roman Empire mysteries of the unconquered sun |
| title_exact_search_txtP | The religion of the Mithras cult in the Roman Empire mysteries of the unconquered sun |
| title_full | The religion of the Mithras cult in the Roman Empire mysteries of the unconquered sun Roger Beck |
| title_fullStr | The religion of the Mithras cult in the Roman Empire mysteries of the unconquered sun Roger Beck |
| title_full_unstemmed | The religion of the Mithras cult in the Roman Empire mysteries of the unconquered sun Roger Beck |
| title_short | The religion of the Mithras cult in the Roman Empire |
| title_sort | the religion of the mithras cult in the roman empire mysteries of the unconquered sun |
| title_sub | mysteries of the unconquered sun |
| topic | Mithrasdienst gtt Mithraism Mithraskult (DE-588)4170176-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Mithrasdienst Mithraism Mithraskult Rom Rome Römisches Reich |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=014788909&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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