Holdings: Handbook of brain tumor chemotherapy

Handbook of brain tumor chemotherapy:

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Bibliographic Details
Format:	Book
Language:	English
Published:	Amsterdam [u.a.] Elsevier, Acad. Press 2006
Edition:	1. ed.
Subjects:	Cerveau - Tumeurs - Chimiothérapie Brain Neoplasms > drug therapy Brain > Tumors > Chemotherapy Chemotherapie Hirntumor
Online Access:	Inhaltsverzeichnis Klappentext
Physical Description:	XVI, 510 S., [12] Bl. Ill., graph. Darst.
ISBN:	0120884100 9780120884100

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MARC


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adam_text	Treatment of patients with a brain tumor remains one of the most challenging and difficult areas of modern oncology. Recent advances in the molecular biology of these neoplasms have improved our understanding of the malignant phenotype and have lead to the development of novel forms of chemotherapy, including targeted agents. In Handbook of Brain Tumor Chemotherapy, Dr. Herbert Newton and a distinguished panel of experts in the field of neuro-oncology and brain tumor therapy, review the state of the art of chemotherapy development and clinical treatment of patients with this devastating disease. The Handbook is comprehensive in scope and contains 35 chapters, divided into four sections: Section 1 — covers the basic pharmacology and clinical applications of brain tumor chemotherapy; Section II - reviews the molecular biology and basic science of brain tumors, with a focus on the development and clinical application of molecular, targeted therapeutic agents; Section III — reviews innovative approaches to brain tumor chemotherapy delivery; and Section IV — which provides a detailed review of chemotherapy for each of the major brain tumor types. Handbook of Brain Tumor Chemotherapy offers a unique cutting-edge compendium of basic science and clinical information on the subject of brain tumor chemotherapy, reviewing what has been accomplished thus far and how the field will continue to evolve with the development of more specific and efficacious chemotherapeutic agents. This book represents the most complete single-volume resource available for information on the subject of brain tumor chemotherapy. Contents Contributors xv Conclusions 37 Acknowledgments 38 I PHARMACOLOGY AND CLINICAL APPLICATIONS 1. Overview of Brain Tumor Epidemiology and Histopathology HERBERT B. NEWTON AND ABHIK RAY-CHAUDHURY Epidemiology of Brain Tumors 03 Pathology of Central Nervous System Tumors — Introduction 05 Pathology of Tumors of Neuroepithelial Origin 06 Pathology of Tumors of the Meninges 16 Pathology of Primary CNS Lymphoma 17 Pathology of Intracranial Germ Cell Tumors 18 Acknowledgments 19 2. Clinical Pharmacology of Brain Tumor Chemotherapy HERBERT B. NEWTON Introduction 21 Pharmacology and Drug Distribution 21 Supportive Therapeutics 22 Delivery of Chemotherapeutic Agents 24 Chemotherapeutic Agents 25 Alkylating Agents 25 Natural Products 31 Antimetabolites 32 Topoisomerase Inhibitors 34 Miscellaneous Agents 35 Molecular Therapeutic Agents 37 3. Chemotherapy and Anti-Epileptic Drug Interactions KAREN L. FINK Introduction 44 Anti-Epileptic Drugs in Neuro-Oncology Patients 44 Drug Metabolism and Resistance 45 AED Effects on Hepatic Metabolism 46 EIAEDs Effects on Chemotherapy 47 Chemotherapy Effects on AEDs 49 Practical Effects of AED-Chemotherapy Interactions 49 Practical Management 50 Conclusions 54 Acknowledgment 54 4. Brain Tumor Models for Cancer Therapy BEVERLY A. TEICHER Rat Brain Tumor Models 58 Blood-Brain Barrier in Rat Brain Tumor Models 58 Local Delivery in Rat Brain Tumor Models 59 Immunological Approaches in Rat Brain Tumor Models 61 Chemotherapy and Boron Neutron Capture in Rat Brain Tumor Models 61 Human Brain Tumor Xenograft Models 62 Blood—Brain Barrier in Human Brain Tumor Xenograft Models 63 Local Delivery in Human Brain Tumor Xenograft Models 63 Chemotherapy in Human Brain Tumor Xenograft Models 64 Angiogenesis in Brain Tumor Models 65 Conclusions 69 ix CONTENTS 5. Microarray Analysis and Proteomic Approaches to Drug Development NICOLE J. ULLRICH AND SCOTT L. POMEROY Introduction 74 Microarray Analysis 74 Disease Proteomics 76 Implementation of Protein Microarrays 77 Gene Expression Patterns in Normal and Diseased Tissues 77 Tumor Expression Profiling: Medulloblastoma 78 Tumor Expression Profiling: Glioma 79 Drug Discovery 81 Gene Expression as a Predictor of Chemosensitivity 84 Gene Expression in Response to Drug Therapy 84 Summary 84 6. Chemotherapy Resistance ADRIENNE С. SCHECK Common Chemotherapeutic Agents in Gliomas 89 DNA Repair and Chemotherapy Resistance 90 Detoxification and Other Mechanisms of Resistance 95 Summary 98 7. Clinical Trial Design and Implementation NICHOLAS BUTOWSKI AND SUSAN CHANG Introduction 105 Phase I Trials 106 Phase II Trials 107 Phase III Clinical Trials 109 Special Challenges of Brain Tumor Trials Conclusions 111 109 II MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND BASIC SCIENCE 8. Molecular Genetics of Brain Tumors — An Overview TIM DEMUTH AND MICHAEL E. BERENS Introduction 115 Descriptive Modeling of the Molecular Pathology of Brain Tumors 115 Predictive Modeling of Therapeutic Vulnerability of Brain Tumors 117 Future Directions 120 9. Regulation of the Cell Cycle and Interventional Developmental Therapeutics STACEY M. IVANCHUK AND JAMES T. RUTKA Overview 123 Gl Phase 125 S-Phase 128 M-Phase 129 Therapeutic Small-Molecule Inhibitors of Cell Cycle 130 Type I Inhibitors: Direct Inhibitors of CDK Catalytic Activity 131 Type II Inhibitors: Inhibitors of CDK Regulatory Mechanisms 134 Summary 134 10. Apoptosis Pathways and Chemotherapy JOACHIM P. STEINBACH AND MICHAEL WELLER Architecture of the Major Apoptotic Pathways 141 Deregulation of Apoptotic Pathways in Brain Tumors 145 Chemotherapeutic Drugs: Mechanism of Action and Impact on Brain Tumors 147 Novel Approaches for the Induction of Apoptosis 148 Perspective 151 11. Growth Factor Signaling Pathways and Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors IAN F. POLLACK Introduction 155 Glioma Cell Resistance to Conventional Therapeutic Modalities 155 Platelet Derived Growth Factor as a Dominant Glioma Mi togen 156 EGFR Amplification/Overexpression in Glioma Progression 156 Strategies for Direct Inhibition of Growth Factor Pathway Activation 160 STI571 as a Potential PDGFR Inhibitor 161 ZD1839 as a Potential EGFR Inhibitor 162 Other Small Molecule EGFR Inhibitors 164 Inhibition of Growth Factor Signaling may Interfere with Angiogenesis and Tumor Invasion 164 CONTENTS Xl Interference with Growth Factor Receptor Signaling may Potentiate Other Therapies 165 Summary 165 Acknowledgment 166 12. Ras Signaling Pathways and Farnesyl Transferase Inhibitors JOYDEEP MUKHERJEE AND ABH1J1T GUHA Introduction 173 Understanding pZl-Ras Structure and Function 174 Role of p2 1 -Ras Mutations in Different Malignancies 178 Farnesyltransferase Inhibitors (FTIs) 178 Conclusion and Future Directions 180 13. PD-Kinase, PKB/Akt, mTOR, and Internal Signaling Pathways JEAN L. NAKAMURA AND DAPHNE A. HAAS-KOGAN Overview of the Biology of PB-kinase and its Effectors 185 Multi-level Deregulation of РІЗ -kinase: Implications for Gliomagenesis 187 Therapeutic Implications 188 The Hypoxie Tumor Microenvironment, Angiogenesis, and Edema 222 The Hypoxie Tumor Microenvironment and Angiogenic Cellular Cross talk 224 Anti-angiogenesis Strategies as Novel Anti-tumor Therapies 226 Future Perspectives 230 Acknowledgments 230 16. Biology of the Blood-Brain and Blood-Brain Tumor Barriers HERBERT H. ENGELHARD AND TIBOR VALYI-NAGY The Normal Blood-Brain Barrier: Ultrastructural and Cellular Considerations 236 Functions of the Blood-Brain Barrier; General Factors Affecting Overall Function 238 Drug Movement across the BBB and Determinants of CNS Drug Concentration 239 The Blood-Brain Tumor Barrier; Effect of Tumors on the BBB 240 Therapeutic Disruption or Circumvention of the BBB 241 Conclusions 242 14. Tumor Invasiveness and Anti-invasion Strategies SANDRA A. REMPEL AND TOM MIKKELSEN Pathologic Features of Malignant Brain Tumor Invasion 193 Clinical and Pathological Evaluation of Tumor Infiltration 193 Patterns of Failure 194 Therapeutic Considerations 194 Environmental Influences 195 Molecular Targets 195 Therapeutic Strategies 212 Other Considerations 213 Summary 213 15. Mechanisms of Angiogenesis in Brain Tumors and their Translation into Therapeutic Anti-tumor Strategies TILL ACKER AND KARL H. PLATE Summary 219 Introduction 219 The Hypoxie Tumor Microenvironment and HIF Activation 220 III INNOVATIVE APPROACHES TO CHEMOTHERAPY DELIVERY 17. Intra- Arterial Chemotherapy HERBERT B. NEWTON Introduction 247 Pharmacological Rationale 247 Single-Agent IA Chemotherapy of Newly Diagnosed Gliomas 249 Combination IA Chemotherapy of Newly Diagnosed Gliomas 252 Single-Agent IA Chemotherapy of Recurrent Gliomas 253 Combination IA Chemotherapy of Recurrent Gliomas 255 IA Chemotherapy for Primary CNS Lymphoma 257 1A Chemotherapy for Brain Métastases 257 Toxicity of IA Chemotherapy 257 Conclusions 258 Acknowledgments 259 XU CONTENTS 18· Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption Chemotherapy NANCY D. DOOLITTLE, TULIO P. MURILLO, AND EDWARD A. NEUWELT Introduction 262 Pre-clinical BBB Delivery Studies 263 Clinical BBBD Technique 264 Clinical BBBD Results 267 Pre-clinical Studies of Thiol Chemoprotection 268 Clinical Studies of Thiol Chemoprotection 269 Future BBBD Directions 270 Summary 271 Acknowledgments 271 Results of High-Dose Chemotherapy and Auto-transplantation 309 Conclusions 312 22. CSF Dissemination of Primary Brain Tumors MARC С CHAMBERLAIN Introduction 316 General overview 316 Primary brain tumors 318 Treatment 322 Conclusions 326 19. Interstitial Chemotherapy and Polymer-Drug Delivery RAQEEB M. HAQUE, ERIC AMUNDSON, MICHAEL DORSI, AND HENRY BREM Introduction 274 Physiologic and Pathological Barriers to Anti-Neoplasties in the CNS 275 Delivery Systems and Strategies for Brain Tumor Targeted Delivery 276 Development of Polymer-Based Local Delivery Systems 278 BCNU (Gliadel®) 278 Other Chemotherapeutics 285 Future Directions 288 Conclusions 288 Disclosure 290 20. Intratumoral Administration and Convection-Enhanced Delivery MIKE YUE CHEN, ZHI-JIAN CHEN, GEORGE T. GILLIES, PETER J. HAAR, AND WILIAM С BROADDUS General Overview 295 Physical Principles 295 Animal Studies 297 Convection-Enhanced Delivery in Animal Brain Tumor Models 298 Human Studies 299 Challenges 302 21. Marrow Ablative Chemotherapy with Hematopoietic Stem Cell Rescue ANNA BUTTURINI, MATTHEW CARABASI, AND JONATHAN L. FINLAY Introduction 305 Marrow Ablative Therapies 307 23. Chemotherapy-Activating Gene Therapy KAVEH ASADI-MOGHADDAM AND ANTONIO E. CHIOCCA Basic Concepts of Gene Therapy 332 Activation of Chemotherapy with Gene Therapy 332 Clinical Trials 338 Limitations and Problems 340 Conclusions 340 Further Information 340 __________ IV _________ CHEMOTHERAPY OF SPECIFIC TUMOR TYPES 24. Chemotherapy of High-Grade Astrocytomas HERBERT B. NEWTON Introduction 347 Overview of Initial Treatment 347 Chemotherapy of AA and GBM — Historical Overview 348 Concomitant Chemotherapy and Irradiation Approaches 351 Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Approaches 353 Adjuvant Chemotherapy Approaches 355 Chemotherapy for Recurrent High-Grade Astrocytomas 356 Conclusions 359 CONTENTS хш Acknowledgments 359 25. Chemotherapy of Low-Grade Astrocytomas MARK G. MALKIN Background 364 Pathologic Nomenclature 364 Epidemiology 365 Location 365 Clinical Presentation and Imaging Findings 365 Prognostic Factors 365 Progression and Outcome of LGA 366 A Single Randomized Trial 366 Phase II Trials 366 Pending Study 369 26. Chemotherapy of Oligodendrogliomas NINA A. PALEOLOGOS AND CHRISTOPHER FAHEY Introduction 371 Genetics 371 Prognosis 372 Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma 373 Low-Grade Oligodendroglioma 377 Salvage Therapy 402 Primary Intraocular Lymphoma HlV-related PCNSL 403 403 29. Chemotherapy o{ Medullobłastoma HERBERT B. NEWTON Introduction 407 Neuro-Imaging and Initial Treatment 408 Chemotherapy of Infants and Very Young Children 409 Chemotherapy of Children and Adolescents 411 Chemotherapy of Adult Patients 414 Chemotherapy with Bone Marrow Transplantation 415 Molecular Genetics and Targeted Therapeutics 415 Overview and Future Considerations 419 Acknowledgments 421 30. Chemotherapy of Ependymoma MARK G. MALKIN Background 426 Trials Dedicated to Ependymoma 427 Trials Including Ependymoma 429 27. Chemotherapy of Oligoastrocy tomas ALLISON L. WEATHERS AND NINA A. PALEOLOGOS Introduction 382 Genetics 383 Prognosis 383 Anaplastic Oligoastrocy tomas 385 Low-Grade Oligoastrocytomas 389 28. Chemotherapy for Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma FRANCOIS G. EL KAMAR AND LAUREN E. ABREY Overview 395 Management 396 Methotrexate 396 Intra-arteriat MTX 397 Maintenance Therapy 397 HD-MTX Based Combination Chemotherapy for PCNSL 397 Non-Methotrexate Combination Regimens 401 Intrathecal Chemotherapy 401 31. Chemotherapy for Glioneuronal Tumors NIMISH MOHILE AND JEFFREY J. RAIZER Introduction 432 Central Neurocytoma 432 Ganglioglioma and Gangliocytoma 433 Desmoplastic Infantile Ganglioglioma (DIG) and Desmoplastic Infantile Astrocytoma (DIA) 434 Dysembryoplastic Neuroepithelial Tumor 435 Dysplastic Gangliogliocytoma of the Cerebellum 435 Cerebellar Liponeurocytoma 435 32. Chemotherapy of Pineal Parenchymal Tumors HERBERT B. NEWTON Pineal Anatomy and Physiology 439 Epidemiology 440 Biology and Molecular Genetics 441 Clinical Presentation 442 XIV CONTENTS Neuro-Imaging and Laboratory Diagnosis 442 Initial Evaluation and Treatment 443 Chemotherapy of Pineal Parenchymal Tumors 444 Conclusions 445 Acknowledgments 446 33. Current Therapeutic Management Strategies for Primary Intracranial Germ Cell Tumors MARK T. JENNINGS Introduction 448 Epidemiology 449 Clinical Presentation 449 Prognostic Variables 450 Therapeutic Effectiveness and Consequent Prognosis 451 Long-Term Complications of the Disease and its Therapy 458 Conclusions 459 34. Chemotherapy of Meningiomas HERBERT B. NEWTON Introduction and Epidemiology 463 Biology and Molecular Genetics 464 Clinical Presentation 466 Neuro-Imaging 467 Initial Evaluation and Treatment 468 Chemotherapy of Meningiomas 469 Conclusions 472 Acknowledgments 472 35. Chemotherapy for Brain Métastases HERBERT B. NEWTON Introduction 475 Biology and Molecular Genetics 476 Clinical Presentation and Prognostic Factors 477 Traditional Chemotherapeutic Approaches 477 Temozolomide 480 Intra-Arteriai Treatment Approaches 482 Interstitial Chemotherapy 483 Molecular Treatment Approaches 484 Overview and Future Considerations 485 36. The Role of Chemotherapy in Pediatric Gliomas LORNA К. FITZPATRICK AND PATRICIA К. DUFFNER Introduction 490 Low-Grade gliomas 491 Optic Pathway/Hypothalamic Gliomas 493 High-Grade Gliomas 494 Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Gliomas 494 High-Dose Chemotherapy and Autologous Stem Cell Rescue in Pediatrie Gliomas 495 Index 499
adam_txt	Treatment of patients with a brain tumor remains one of the most challenging and difficult areas of modern oncology. Recent advances in the molecular biology of these neoplasms have improved our understanding of the malignant phenotype and have lead to the development of novel forms of chemotherapy, including "targeted" agents. In Handbook of Brain Tumor Chemotherapy, Dr. Herbert Newton and a distinguished panel of experts in the field of neuro-oncology and brain tumor therapy, review the state of the art of chemotherapy development and clinical treatment of patients with this devastating disease. The Handbook is comprehensive in scope and contains 35 chapters, divided into four sections: Section 1 — covers the basic pharmacology and clinical applications of brain tumor chemotherapy; Section II - reviews the molecular biology and basic science of brain tumors, with a focus on the development and clinical application of molecular, "targeted" therapeutic agents; Section III — reviews innovative approaches to brain tumor chemotherapy delivery; and Section IV — which provides a detailed review of chemotherapy for each of the major brain tumor types. Handbook of Brain Tumor Chemotherapy offers a unique cutting-edge compendium of basic science and clinical information on the subject of brain tumor chemotherapy, reviewing what has been accomplished thus far and how the field will continue to evolve with the development of more specific and efficacious chemotherapeutic agents. This book represents the most complete single-volume resource available for information on the subject of brain tumor chemotherapy. Contents Contributors xv Conclusions 37 Acknowledgments 38 I PHARMACOLOGY AND CLINICAL APPLICATIONS 1. Overview of Brain Tumor Epidemiology and Histopathology HERBERT B. NEWTON AND ABHIK RAY-CHAUDHURY Epidemiology of Brain Tumors 03 Pathology of Central Nervous System Tumors — Introduction 05 Pathology of Tumors of Neuroepithelial Origin 06 Pathology of Tumors of the Meninges 16 Pathology of Primary CNS Lymphoma 17 Pathology of Intracranial Germ Cell Tumors 18 Acknowledgments 19 2. Clinical Pharmacology of Brain Tumor Chemotherapy HERBERT B. NEWTON Introduction 21 Pharmacology and Drug Distribution 21 Supportive Therapeutics 22 Delivery of Chemotherapeutic Agents 24 Chemotherapeutic Agents 25 Alkylating Agents 25 Natural Products 31 Antimetabolites 32 Topoisomerase Inhibitors 34 Miscellaneous Agents 35 Molecular Therapeutic Agents 37 3. Chemotherapy and Anti-Epileptic Drug Interactions KAREN L. FINK Introduction 44 Anti-Epileptic Drugs in Neuro-Oncology Patients 44 Drug Metabolism and Resistance 45 AED Effects on Hepatic Metabolism 46 EIAEDs Effects on Chemotherapy 47 Chemotherapy Effects on AEDs 49 Practical Effects of AED-Chemotherapy Interactions 49 Practical Management 50 Conclusions 54 Acknowledgment 54 4. Brain Tumor Models for Cancer Therapy BEVERLY A. TEICHER Rat Brain Tumor Models 58 Blood-Brain Barrier in Rat Brain Tumor Models 58 Local Delivery in Rat Brain Tumor Models 59 Immunological Approaches in Rat Brain Tumor Models 61 Chemotherapy and Boron Neutron Capture in Rat Brain Tumor Models 61 Human Brain Tumor Xenograft Models 62 Blood—Brain Barrier in Human Brain Tumor Xenograft Models 63 Local Delivery in Human Brain Tumor Xenograft Models 63 Chemotherapy in Human Brain Tumor Xenograft Models 64 Angiogenesis in Brain Tumor Models 65 Conclusions 69 ix CONTENTS 5. Microarray Analysis and Proteomic Approaches to Drug Development NICOLE J. ULLRICH AND SCOTT L. POMEROY Introduction 74 Microarray Analysis 74 Disease Proteomics 76 Implementation of Protein Microarrays 77 Gene Expression Patterns in Normal and Diseased Tissues 77 Tumor Expression Profiling: Medulloblastoma 78 Tumor Expression Profiling: Glioma 79 Drug Discovery 81 Gene Expression as a Predictor of Chemosensitivity 84 Gene Expression in Response to Drug Therapy 84 Summary 84 6. Chemotherapy Resistance ADRIENNE С. SCHECK Common Chemotherapeutic Agents in Gliomas 89 DNA Repair and Chemotherapy Resistance 90 Detoxification and Other Mechanisms of Resistance 95 Summary 98 7. Clinical Trial Design and Implementation NICHOLAS BUTOWSKI AND SUSAN CHANG Introduction 105 Phase I Trials 106 Phase II Trials 107 Phase III Clinical Trials 109 Special Challenges of Brain Tumor Trials Conclusions 111 109 II MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND BASIC SCIENCE 8. Molecular Genetics of Brain Tumors — An Overview TIM DEMUTH AND MICHAEL E. BERENS Introduction 115 Descriptive Modeling of the Molecular Pathology of Brain Tumors 115 Predictive Modeling of Therapeutic Vulnerability of Brain Tumors 117 Future Directions 120 9. Regulation of the Cell Cycle and Interventional Developmental Therapeutics STACEY M. IVANCHUK AND JAMES T. RUTKA Overview 123 Gl Phase 125 S-Phase 128 M-Phase 129 Therapeutic Small-Molecule Inhibitors of Cell Cycle 130 Type I Inhibitors: Direct Inhibitors of CDK Catalytic Activity 131 Type II Inhibitors: Inhibitors of CDK Regulatory Mechanisms 134 Summary 134 10. Apoptosis Pathways and Chemotherapy JOACHIM P. STEINBACH AND MICHAEL WELLER Architecture of the Major Apoptotic Pathways 141 Deregulation of Apoptotic Pathways in Brain Tumors 145 Chemotherapeutic Drugs: Mechanism of Action and Impact on Brain Tumors 147 Novel Approaches for the Induction of Apoptosis 148 Perspective 151 11. Growth Factor Signaling Pathways and Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors IAN F. POLLACK Introduction 155 Glioma Cell Resistance to Conventional Therapeutic Modalities 155 Platelet'Derived Growth Factor as a Dominant Glioma Mi togen 156 EGFR Amplification/Overexpression in Glioma Progression 156 Strategies for Direct Inhibition of Growth Factor Pathway Activation 160 STI571 as a Potential PDGFR Inhibitor 161 ZD1839 as a Potential EGFR Inhibitor 162 Other Small Molecule EGFR Inhibitors 164 Inhibition of Growth Factor Signaling may Interfere with Angiogenesis and Tumor Invasion 164 CONTENTS Xl Interference with Growth Factor Receptor Signaling may Potentiate Other Therapies 165 Summary 165 Acknowledgment 166 12. Ras Signaling Pathways and Farnesyl Transferase Inhibitors JOYDEEP MUKHERJEE AND ABH1J1T GUHA Introduction 173 Understanding pZl-Ras Structure and Function 174 Role of p2 1 -Ras Mutations in Different Malignancies 178 Farnesyltransferase Inhibitors (FTIs) 178 Conclusion and Future Directions 180 13. PD-Kinase, PKB/Akt, mTOR, and Internal Signaling Pathways JEAN L. NAKAMURA AND DAPHNE A. HAAS-KOGAN Overview of the Biology of PB-kinase and its Effectors 185 Multi-level Deregulation of РІЗ -kinase: Implications for Gliomagenesis 187 Therapeutic Implications 188 The Hypoxie Tumor Microenvironment, Angiogenesis, and Edema 222 The Hypoxie Tumor Microenvironment and Angiogenic Cellular Cross talk 224 Anti-angiogenesis Strategies as Novel Anti-tumor Therapies 226 Future Perspectives 230 Acknowledgments 230 16. Biology of the Blood-Brain and Blood-Brain Tumor Barriers HERBERT H. ENGELHARD AND TIBOR VALYI-NAGY The Normal Blood-Brain Barrier: Ultrastructural and Cellular Considerations 236 Functions of the Blood-Brain Barrier; General Factors Affecting Overall Function 238 Drug Movement across the BBB and Determinants of CNS Drug Concentration 239 The "Blood-Brain Tumor" Barrier; Effect of Tumors on the BBB 240 Therapeutic Disruption or Circumvention of the BBB 241 Conclusions 242 14. Tumor Invasiveness and Anti-invasion Strategies SANDRA A. REMPEL AND TOM MIKKELSEN Pathologic Features of Malignant Brain Tumor Invasion 193 Clinical and Pathological Evaluation of Tumor Infiltration 193 Patterns of Failure 194 Therapeutic Considerations 194 Environmental Influences 195 Molecular Targets 195 Therapeutic Strategies 212 Other Considerations 213 Summary 213 15. Mechanisms of Angiogenesis in Brain Tumors and their Translation into Therapeutic Anti-tumor Strategies TILL ACKER AND KARL H. PLATE Summary 219 Introduction 219 The Hypoxie Tumor Microenvironment and HIF Activation 220 III INNOVATIVE APPROACHES TO CHEMOTHERAPY DELIVERY 17. Intra- Arterial Chemotherapy HERBERT B. NEWTON Introduction 247 Pharmacological Rationale 247 Single-Agent IA Chemotherapy of Newly Diagnosed Gliomas 249 Combination IA Chemotherapy of Newly Diagnosed Gliomas 252 Single-Agent IA Chemotherapy of Recurrent Gliomas 253 Combination IA Chemotherapy of Recurrent Gliomas 255 IA Chemotherapy for Primary CNS Lymphoma 257 1A Chemotherapy for Brain Métastases 257 Toxicity of IA Chemotherapy 257 Conclusions 258 Acknowledgments 259 XU CONTENTS 18· Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption Chemotherapy NANCY D. DOOLITTLE, TULIO P. MURILLO, AND EDWARD A. NEUWELT Introduction 262 Pre-clinical BBB Delivery Studies 263 Clinical BBBD Technique 264 Clinical BBBD Results 267 Pre-clinical Studies of Thiol Chemoprotection 268 Clinical Studies of Thiol Chemoprotection 269 Future BBBD Directions 270 Summary 271 Acknowledgments 271 Results of High-Dose Chemotherapy and Auto-transplantation 309 Conclusions 312 22. CSF Dissemination of Primary Brain Tumors MARC С CHAMBERLAIN Introduction 316 General overview 316 Primary brain tumors 318 Treatment 322 Conclusions 326 19. Interstitial Chemotherapy and Polymer-Drug Delivery RAQEEB M. HAQUE, ERIC AMUNDSON, MICHAEL DORSI, AND HENRY BREM Introduction 274 Physiologic and Pathological Barriers to Anti-Neoplasties in the CNS 275 Delivery Systems and Strategies for Brain Tumor Targeted Delivery 276 Development of Polymer-Based Local Delivery Systems 278 BCNU (Gliadel®) 278 Other Chemotherapeutics 285 Future Directions 288 Conclusions 288 Disclosure 290 20. Intratumoral Administration and Convection-Enhanced Delivery MIKE YUE CHEN, ZHI-JIAN CHEN, GEORGE T. GILLIES, PETER J. HAAR, AND WILIAM С BROADDUS General Overview 295 Physical Principles 295 Animal Studies 297 Convection-Enhanced Delivery in Animal Brain Tumor Models 298 Human Studies 299 Challenges 302 21. Marrow Ablative Chemotherapy with Hematopoietic Stem Cell Rescue ANNA BUTTURINI, MATTHEW CARABASI, AND JONATHAN L. FINLAY Introduction 305 Marrow Ablative Therapies 307 23. Chemotherapy-Activating Gene Therapy KAVEH ASADI-MOGHADDAM AND ANTONIO E. CHIOCCA Basic Concepts of Gene Therapy 332 Activation of Chemotherapy with Gene Therapy 332 Clinical Trials 338 Limitations and Problems 340 Conclusions 340 Further Information 340 _ IV _ CHEMOTHERAPY OF SPECIFIC TUMOR TYPES 24. Chemotherapy of High-Grade Astrocytomas HERBERT B. NEWTON Introduction 347 Overview of Initial Treatment 347 Chemotherapy of AA and GBM — Historical Overview 348 Concomitant Chemotherapy and Irradiation Approaches 351 Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Approaches 353 Adjuvant Chemotherapy Approaches 355 Chemotherapy for Recurrent High-Grade Astrocytomas 356 Conclusions 359 CONTENTS хш Acknowledgments 359 25. Chemotherapy of Low-Grade Astrocytomas MARK G. MALKIN Background 364 Pathologic Nomenclature 364 Epidemiology 365 Location 365 Clinical Presentation and Imaging Findings 365 Prognostic Factors 365 Progression and Outcome of LGA 366 A Single Randomized Trial 366 Phase II Trials 366 Pending Study 369 26. Chemotherapy of Oligodendrogliomas NINA A. PALEOLOGOS AND CHRISTOPHER FAHEY Introduction 371 Genetics 371 Prognosis 372 Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma 373 Low-Grade Oligodendroglioma 377 Salvage Therapy 402 Primary Intraocular Lymphoma HlV-related PCNSL 403 403 29. Chemotherapy o{ Medullobłastoma HERBERT B. NEWTON Introduction 407 Neuro-Imaging and Initial Treatment 408 Chemotherapy of Infants and Very Young Children 409 Chemotherapy of Children and Adolescents 411 Chemotherapy of Adult Patients 414 Chemotherapy with Bone Marrow Transplantation 415 Molecular Genetics and "Targeted" Therapeutics 415 Overview and Future Considerations 419 Acknowledgments 421 30. Chemotherapy of Ependymoma MARK G. MALKIN Background 426 Trials Dedicated to Ependymoma 427 Trials Including Ependymoma 429 27. Chemotherapy of Oligoastrocy tomas ALLISON L. WEATHERS AND NINA A. PALEOLOGOS Introduction 382 Genetics 383 Prognosis 383 Anaplastic Oligoastrocy tomas 385 Low-Grade Oligoastrocytomas 389 28. Chemotherapy for Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma FRANCOIS G. EL KAMAR AND LAUREN E. ABREY Overview 395 Management 396 Methotrexate 396 Intra-arteriat MTX 397 Maintenance Therapy 397 HD-MTX Based Combination Chemotherapy for PCNSL 397 Non-Methotrexate Combination Regimens 401 Intrathecal Chemotherapy 401 31. Chemotherapy for Glioneuronal Tumors NIMISH MOHILE AND JEFFREY J. RAIZER Introduction 432 Central Neurocytoma 432 Ganglioglioma and Gangliocytoma 433 Desmoplastic Infantile Ganglioglioma (DIG) and Desmoplastic Infantile Astrocytoma (DIA) 434 Dysembryoplastic Neuroepithelial Tumor 435 Dysplastic Gangliogliocytoma of the Cerebellum 435 Cerebellar Liponeurocytoma 435 32. Chemotherapy of Pineal Parenchymal Tumors HERBERT B. NEWTON Pineal Anatomy and Physiology 439 Epidemiology 440 Biology and Molecular Genetics 441 Clinical Presentation 442 XIV CONTENTS Neuro-Imaging and Laboratory Diagnosis 442 Initial Evaluation and Treatment 443 Chemotherapy of Pineal Parenchymal Tumors 444 Conclusions 445 Acknowledgments 446 33. Current Therapeutic Management Strategies for Primary Intracranial Germ Cell Tumors MARK T. JENNINGS Introduction 448 Epidemiology 449 Clinical Presentation 449 Prognostic Variables 450 Therapeutic Effectiveness and Consequent Prognosis 451 Long-Term Complications of the Disease and its Therapy 458 Conclusions 459 34. Chemotherapy of Meningiomas HERBERT B. NEWTON Introduction and Epidemiology 463 Biology and Molecular Genetics 464 Clinical Presentation 466 Neuro-Imaging 467 Initial Evaluation and Treatment 468 Chemotherapy of Meningiomas 469 Conclusions 472 Acknowledgments 472 35. Chemotherapy for Brain Métastases HERBERT B. NEWTON Introduction 475 Biology and Molecular Genetics 476 Clinical Presentation and Prognostic Factors 477 Traditional Chemotherapeutic Approaches 477 Temozolomide 480 Intra-Arteriai Treatment Approaches 482 Interstitial Chemotherapy 483 Molecular Treatment Approaches 484 Overview and Future Considerations 485 36. The Role of Chemotherapy in Pediatric Gliomas LORNA К. FITZPATRICK AND PATRICIA К. DUFFNER Introduction 490 Low-Grade gliomas 491 Optic Pathway/Hypothalamic Gliomas 493 High-Grade Gliomas 494 Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Gliomas 494 High-Dose Chemotherapy and Autologous Stem Cell Rescue in Pediatrie Gliomas 495 Index 499
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language	English
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spelling	Handbook of brain tumor chemotherapy ed. by Herbert B. Newton 1. ed. Amsterdam [u.a.] Elsevier, Acad. Press 2006 XVI, 510 S., [12] Bl. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Cerveau - Tumeurs - Chimiothérapie Brain Neoplasms drug therapy Brain Tumors Chemotherapy Chemotherapie (DE-588)4127083-6 gnd rswk-swf Hirntumor (DE-588)4072521-2 gnd rswk-swf Hirntumor (DE-588)4072521-2 s Chemotherapie (DE-588)4127083-6 s DE-604 Newton, Herbert B. Sonstige oth Digitalisierung UB Regensburg application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=014777166&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung UB Regensburg application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=014777166&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Klappentext
spellingShingle	Handbook of brain tumor chemotherapy Cerveau - Tumeurs - Chimiothérapie Brain Neoplasms drug therapy Brain Tumors Chemotherapy Chemotherapie (DE-588)4127083-6 gnd Hirntumor (DE-588)4072521-2 gnd
subject_GND	(DE-588)4127083-6 (DE-588)4072521-2
title	Handbook of brain tumor chemotherapy
title_auth	Handbook of brain tumor chemotherapy
title_exact_search	Handbook of brain tumor chemotherapy
title_exact_search_txtP	Handbook of brain tumor chemotherapy
title_full	Handbook of brain tumor chemotherapy ed. by Herbert B. Newton
title_fullStr	Handbook of brain tumor chemotherapy ed. by Herbert B. Newton
title_full_unstemmed	Handbook of brain tumor chemotherapy ed. by Herbert B. Newton
title_short	Handbook of brain tumor chemotherapy
title_sort	handbook of brain tumor chemotherapy
topic	Cerveau - Tumeurs - Chimiothérapie Brain Neoplasms drug therapy Brain Tumors Chemotherapy Chemotherapie (DE-588)4127083-6 gnd Hirntumor (DE-588)4072521-2 gnd
topic_facet	Cerveau - Tumeurs - Chimiothérapie Brain Neoplasms drug therapy Brain Tumors Chemotherapy Chemotherapie Hirntumor
url	http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=014777166&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=014777166&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA
work_keys_str_mv	AT newtonherbertb handbookofbraintumorchemotherapy

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