Antitrust law and economics in a nutshell:
Saved in:
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
St. Paul, Minn.
Thomson/West
2004
|
| Edition: | 5. ed. |
| Series: | Nutshell series
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Item Description: | Includes index |
| Physical Description: | XLVII, 617 S. |
| ISBN: | 0314257233 |
Staff View
MARC
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Antitrust law and economics in a nutshell |c by Ernest Gellhorn, William E. Kovacic, Stephen Calkins |
| 250 | |a 5. ed. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a St. Paul, Minn. |b Thomson/West |c 2004 | |
| 300 | |a XLVII, 617 S. | ||
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| 650 | 7 | |a Economische aspecten |2 gtt | |
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| 650 | 4 | |a Antitrust law |x Economic aspects |z United States | |
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Record in the Search Index
| _version_ | 1804135183108014080 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | OUTLINE
PAGE
PREFACE -- ~ - - - IN
TABLE OF CASES * - * XXI
CHAPTER I. RESTRAINTS OF TRADE AT
COMMON LAW
A. CONTRACTS IN RESTRAINT OF TRADE - 5
B. MONOPOLY AND CONSPIRACY-- - - 12
C. CONCLUSION - - * 15
CHAPTER IL THE ANTITRUST STATUTES
A. THE DEMAND FOR REGULATION * *- 17
B. THE SHERMAN ACT * 23
1. THE STATUTE *- - * 23
2. EARLY INTERPRETATIONS- - - 27
C. THE CLAYTON AND FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION ACTS ~ 34
1. THE CLAYTON ACT * - 35
2. THE FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION ACT - 36
D. INSTITUTIONAL IMPLICATIONS- - ~ 39
1. OPEN TEXTURED SUBSTANTIVE COMMANDS - 39
2. CENTRAL INTERPRETATIONAL ROLE FOR THE JUDICIARY 39
3. DECENTRALIZED POWER TO PROSECUTE - - 41
4. SUBSTANTIAL ROLE FOR ADMINISTRATIVE ELABORA-
TION* *- 41
5. TENSION BETWEEN CIVIL AND CRIMINAL ENFORCE-
MENT - - - 42
6. THE CHOICE OF GOALS * - **...- 43
XIII
UUTL1SSE
PAGE
7. PERMEABILITY OF THE ANTITRUST SYSTEM TO NEW
IDEAS - 48
8. COEXISTENCE WITH OTHER DOMESTIC ECONOMIC
REGULATORY SCHEMES AND THEORIES OF ECO-
NOMIC ORGANIZATION - 49
9. COEXISTENCE WITH OTHER NATIONAL ANTITRUST
SYSTEMS - 53
10. EQUILIBRATING TENDENCIES - 55
11. CONCLUSION 56
CHAPTER III. ANTITRUST ECONOMICS (IN
A NUTSHELL)
A. SOME BASIC EXPLANATIONS AND BEHAVIORAL ASSUMP-
TIONS - - 60
1. THE DEMAND SCHEDULE - - 60
2. PROFIT-MAXIMIZING BEHAVIOR BY FIRMS 63
B. BASIC ECONOMIC MODELS 67
1. PERFECT COMPETITION - - 67
2. MONOPOLY *. 73
3. COMPETITION AND MONOPOLY COMPARED 80
4. MONOPOLISTIC COMPETITION 85
5. OLIGOPOLY _ _ 89
C. CURRENT DEVELOPMENTS - 97
D. CONCLUSION __._ 103
CHAPTER IV. THE MONOPOLY PROBLEM
A. MONOPOLY POWER _ 112
1. PRODUCT MARKET - 117
2. GEOGRAPHIC MARKET 124
3. AGENCY GUIDELINES*- 128
4. MARKET SHARE MEASUREMENT AND EVALUATION * 132
B. MONOPOLIZATION: THE USES OF MONOPOLY POWER 140
1. CLASSIC TEST - 141
2. ALCOA 144
XIV
PAGE
3. FROM ALCOA TO MICROSOFT * 150
4. REMEDIES 159
5. RECENT APPLICATIONS - 162
A. PREDATORY PRICING - 163
B. PRODUCT INNOVATION - - 172
C. REFUSALS TO DEAL - 174
D. ESSENTIAL FACILITIES - 181
E. LEVERAGING 183
F. VERTICAL AGREEMENTS 183
G. OTHER EXCLUSIONARY PRACTICES - 185
C. ATTEMPTS TO MONOPOLIZE - - 187
CHAPTER V. HORIZONTAL RESTRAINTS:
THE EVOLUTION OF STANDARDS
A. THE ECONOMICS OF CARTELS AND TRANSACTION COSTS * 192
B. HORIZONTAL AGREEMENTS AND THE STRUCTURE OF LEGAL
RULES: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PER SE RULES
AND REASONABLENESS STANDARDS 200
C. PRICE-FIXING - 204
1. EARLY DEVELOPMENTS 205
2. DEVELOPMENT OF THE RULE OF REASON 208
3. THE RISE OF THE PER SE APPROACH 214
4. CHARACTERIZATION ISSUES 222
D. MARKET ALLOCATIONS AND PRODUCTION CONTROLS 236
E. BOYCOTTS - - 244
1. PURPOSES AND ECONOMIC EFFECTS 245
2. THE LEGAL STANDARD * 247
F. SUMMARY - 259
CHAPTER VL HORIZONTAL RESTRAINTS:
PROBLEMS OF PROOF AND
CHARACTERIZATION
A. EVIDENCE OF AN AGREEMENT 263
1. THE REQUIREMENT OF AN AGREEMENT *- 264
XV
PAGE
2. THE EVIDENTIARY REQUIREMENTS - 266
A. SECTION 1 AND THE CHALLENGE TO OVERT CAR-
TELS 267
B. EVIDENTIARY STANDARDS 268
C. FINDING AGREEMENT: TRADITIONAL CASES 270
D. FINDING AGREEMENT: PLUS FACTORS 274
E. FINDING AGREEMENT: MODERN CASES * 277
B. PROBLEMS OF CHARACTERIZATION 283
1. INFORMATION EXCHANGES 283
A. TRADE ASSOCIATIONS * 283
B. VERIFICATION AND EXCHANGE OF PRICES BY DI-
RECT RIVALS 291
C. IMPLICATIONS FOR FUTURE INFORMATION-SHAR-
ING - 293
2. JOINT VENTURES AND THE APPLICATION OF THE RULE
OF REASON * 296
A. CHARACTERIZING THE VENTURE AND EVALUATING
COLLATERAL RESTRAINTS - 299
B. TREATMENT OF OUTSIDE ENTITIES 305
C. RECENT ILLUSTRATIONS 307
D. LEGISLATIVE REFORMS - 311
CHAPTER VN. THE OLIGOPOLY PROBLEM
A. ECONOMISTS AND THE OLIGOPOLY PROBLEM 314
B. LEGAL APPROACHES TO THE CONTROL OF OLIGOPOLIES 318
1. EXPANDING THE DEFINITION OF AGREEMENT** UN-
DER SECTION 1 OF THE SHERMAN ACT - 318
2. SECTION 2 OF THE SHERMAN ACT 323
3. SECTION 5 OF THE FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION
ACT - .*._ 324
4. INVITATIONS TO COLLUDE 328
5. MERGER POLICY 329
6. PROPOSED LEGISLATIVE REFORMS- 331
XVI
CHAPTER VIII. VERTICAL RESTRAINTS
A. TRANSACTION COST ECONOMICS AND VERTICAL RELATION-
SHIPS *- 337
B. RESTRICTIONS ON DISTRIBUTION - 340
1. RESALE PRICE MAINTENANCE (RPM) - - 340
2. RPM AND ANTITRUST INJURY 352
3. CONSIGNMENTS AND DISTRIBUTION THROUGH
AGENTS * - 354
4. EXCLUSIVE DISTRIBUTORSHIPS/SOLE OUTLET 357
5. TERRITORIAL AND CUSTOMER RESTRICTIONS - 358
6. UNILATERAL AND CONCERTED ACTION DISTIN-
GUISHED: SUBSTANTIVE PRINCIPLES AND EVIDEN-
TIARY STANDARDS * - 370
C. LIMITS ON SUPPLIER POWER: EXCLUSIONARY PRACTICES.- 378
1. TYING ARRANGEMENTS 378
2. EXCLUSIVE DEALING - - 394
D. CONCLUSION ~ 399
CHAPTER IX. MERGERS
A. TENSIONS IN MODERN MERGER ANALYSIS 402
B. COMPETITIVE EFFECTS OVERVIEW 409
1. HORIZONTAL MERGERS - 409
2. VERTICAL MERGERS - - 411
3. CONGLOMERATE MERGERS 414
C. THE SHERMAN ACT AND MERGERS TENDING TO
MONOPOLY ~- - - 415
D. THE ENACTMENT AND AMENDMENT OF SECTION 7 OF
THE CLAYTON ACT *- * 418
E. THE SUPREME COURT, MERGER GUIDELINES, AND
MERGER ANALYSIS SINCE 1950 *- 421
1. VERTICAL MERGERS: SUPREME COURT CASES 423
2. VERTICAL MERGERS: GUIDELINES AND LOWER COURT
CASES - 429
3. HORIZONTAL MERGERS: SUPREME COURT CASES 432
XVII
OUTLINE
PAGE
4. HORIZONTAL MERGERS: GUIDELINES AND POST-
GUIDELINE CASES - - 448
A. FEDERAL MERGER GUIDELINES AND HORIZONTAL
MERGERS - - 448
B. STATE MERGER GUIDELINES 453
C. POST-GUIDELINE CASES - - 453
(I) MARKET DEFINITION - *- 454
(II) ENTRY CONDITIONS 456
(III) COMPETITIVE EFFECTS - *- 457
(IV) EFFICIENCIES - -* 461
5. CONGLOMERATE MERGERS, POTENTIAL COMPETITION,
AND JOINT VENTURES: SUPREME COURT CASES 464
6. CONGLOMERATE MERGERS, POTENTIAL COMPETITION,
AND JOINT VENTURES: GUIDELINES AND POST-
GUIDELINE CASES *- 469
F. PREMERGER NOTIFICATION - 471
G. CONCLUSION --- 474
CHAPTER X. PATENT AND INTELLECTUAL
PROPERTY ISSUES
A. AN INTRODUCTION TO PATENTS 480
B. PRICE, TERRITORIAL, AND USE RESTRICTIONS * 485
C. SETTLEMENT AND ACCUMULATION 494
D. UNILATERAL REFUSALS TO LICENSE 499
E. ENFORCEMENT OF PATENTS AS AN ANTITRUST VIOLATION- 502
CHAPTERS!. PRICE DISCRIMINATION AND
THE ROBINSON-PATMAN ACT
A. THE ORIGIN AND ENFORCEMENT OF SECTION 2 OF THE
CLAYTON ACT - 506
B. THE STATUTE ANALYZED 509
1. SECTION 2(A) 509
2. BUYER LIABILITY 510
3. SERVICES AND FACILITIES - 511
4. BROKERAGE 512
XVIII
PAGE
C. INJURY TO COMPETITION - 513
1. PRIMARY LINE INJURY 514
2. SECONDARY LINE INJURY 517
D. DEFENSES 520
1. MEETING COMPETITION - 520
2. COST JUSTIFICATION - 523
3. FUNCTIONAL AVAILABILITY** 524
CHAPTER XIL THE ENFORCEMENT AND
ADJUDICATION PROCESS
A. PUBLIC ENFORCEMENT - - - - 526
1. THE FEDERAL ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES 526
2. ANTITRUST ENFORCEMENT BY STATE GOVERNMENTS 536
B. PRIVATE ENFORCEMENT 542
1. INJURY TO BUSINESS OR PROPERTY 545
2. ANTITRUST INJURY 545
3. STANDING - 547
4. INDIRECT PURCHASERS 549
C. FEDERALJUDICIAIY 551
D. CONCLUSION 555
CHAPTER XIIL LIMITS ON THE SCOPE OF
THE ANTITRUST SYSTEM
A. JURISDICTIONAL RESTRICTIONS 557
1. INTERSTATE COMMERCE REQUIREMENT 558
2. FOREIGN JURISDICTIONAL BARRIERS 559
A. FOREIGN TRADE ANTITRUST IMPROVEMENTS ACT 560
B. JUDGE-MADE LIMITATIONS 562
C. INTERNATIONAL TENSIONS AND HARMONY 565
B. THE EFFECT OF GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION - 567
1. FEDERAL REGULATION AND EXEMPTIONS* 568
A. BASIC FRAMEWORK OF EXEMPTIONS 568
B. SPECIFIC ILLUSTRATION: ORGANIZED LABOR 572
XIX
PAGE
2. STATE REGULATION - 575
A. INTRODUCTION TO STATE ACTION IMMUNITY - 575
B. CLEAR ARTICULATION -* - 576
C. ACTIVE SUPERVISION 577
CL POSSIBLE EXCEPTIONS * 580
E. LOCAL GOVERNMENTS AND OTHER POLITICAL
SUBDIVISIONS ... 580
F. PREEMPTION * 581
3. PETITIONING 583
CHAPTER XIV. THE CHANGING BALANCE IN
ANTITRUST
STATUTORY APPENDIX 599
XX
|
| adam_txt |
OUTLINE
PAGE
PREFACE -- ~ - - - IN
TABLE OF CASES * - * XXI
CHAPTER I. RESTRAINTS OF TRADE AT
COMMON LAW
A. CONTRACTS IN RESTRAINT OF TRADE - 5
B. MONOPOLY AND CONSPIRACY-- - - 12
C. CONCLUSION - - * 15
CHAPTER IL THE ANTITRUST STATUTES
A. THE DEMAND FOR REGULATION * *- 17
B. THE SHERMAN ACT * 23
1. THE STATUTE *- - * 23
2. EARLY INTERPRETATIONS- - - 27
C. THE CLAYTON AND FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION ACTS ~ 34
1. THE CLAYTON ACT * - 35
2. THE FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION ACT - 36
D. INSTITUTIONAL IMPLICATIONS- - ~ 39
1. OPEN TEXTURED SUBSTANTIVE COMMANDS - 39
2. CENTRAL INTERPRETATIONAL ROLE FOR THE JUDICIARY 39
3. DECENTRALIZED POWER TO PROSECUTE - - 41
4. SUBSTANTIAL ROLE FOR ADMINISTRATIVE ELABORA-
TION* *- 41
5. TENSION BETWEEN CIVIL AND CRIMINAL ENFORCE-
MENT - - - 42
6. THE CHOICE OF GOALS * - **.- 43
XIII
UUTL1SSE
PAGE
7. PERMEABILITY OF THE ANTITRUST SYSTEM TO NEW
IDEAS - 48
8. COEXISTENCE WITH OTHER DOMESTIC ECONOMIC
REGULATORY SCHEMES AND THEORIES OF ECO-
NOMIC ORGANIZATION - 49
9. COEXISTENCE WITH OTHER NATIONAL ANTITRUST
SYSTEMS - 53
10. EQUILIBRATING TENDENCIES - 55
11. CONCLUSION 56
CHAPTER III. ANTITRUST ECONOMICS (IN
A NUTSHELL)
A. SOME BASIC EXPLANATIONS AND BEHAVIORAL ASSUMP-
TIONS - - 60
1. THE DEMAND SCHEDULE - - 60
2. PROFIT-MAXIMIZING BEHAVIOR BY FIRMS 63
B. BASIC ECONOMIC MODELS 67
1. PERFECT COMPETITION - - 67
2. MONOPOLY *. 73
3. COMPETITION AND MONOPOLY COMPARED 80
4. MONOPOLISTIC COMPETITION 85
5. OLIGOPOLY _ _ 89
C. CURRENT DEVELOPMENTS - 97
D. CONCLUSION _._ 103
CHAPTER IV. THE MONOPOLY PROBLEM
A. MONOPOLY POWER _ 112
1. PRODUCT MARKET - 117
2. GEOGRAPHIC MARKET 124
3. AGENCY GUIDELINES*- 128
4. MARKET SHARE MEASUREMENT AND EVALUATION * 132
B. MONOPOLIZATION: THE USES OF MONOPOLY POWER 140
1. CLASSIC TEST - 141
2. ALCOA 144
XIV
PAGE
3. FROM ALCOA TO MICROSOFT * 150
4. REMEDIES 159
5. RECENT APPLICATIONS - 162
A. PREDATORY PRICING - 163
B. PRODUCT INNOVATION - - 172
C. REFUSALS TO DEAL - 174
D. ESSENTIAL FACILITIES - 181
E. LEVERAGING 183
F. VERTICAL AGREEMENTS 183
G. OTHER EXCLUSIONARY PRACTICES - 185
C. ATTEMPTS TO MONOPOLIZE - - 187
CHAPTER V. HORIZONTAL RESTRAINTS:
THE EVOLUTION OF STANDARDS
A. THE ECONOMICS OF CARTELS AND TRANSACTION COSTS * 192
B. HORIZONTAL AGREEMENTS AND THE STRUCTURE OF LEGAL
RULES: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PER SE RULES
AND REASONABLENESS STANDARDS 200
C. PRICE-FIXING - 204
1. EARLY DEVELOPMENTS 205
2. DEVELOPMENT OF THE RULE OF REASON 208
3. THE RISE OF THE PER SE APPROACH 214
4. CHARACTERIZATION ISSUES 222
D. MARKET ALLOCATIONS AND PRODUCTION CONTROLS 236
E. BOYCOTTS - - 244
1. PURPOSES AND ECONOMIC EFFECTS 245
2. THE LEGAL STANDARD * 247
F. SUMMARY - 259
CHAPTER VL HORIZONTAL RESTRAINTS:
PROBLEMS OF PROOF AND
CHARACTERIZATION
A. EVIDENCE OF AN AGREEMENT 263
1. THE REQUIREMENT OF AN AGREEMENT *- 264
XV
PAGE
2. THE EVIDENTIARY REQUIREMENTS - 266
A. SECTION 1 AND THE CHALLENGE TO OVERT CAR-
TELS 267
B. EVIDENTIARY STANDARDS 268
C. FINDING AGREEMENT: TRADITIONAL CASES 270
D. FINDING AGREEMENT: PLUS FACTORS 274
E. FINDING AGREEMENT: MODERN CASES * 277
B. PROBLEMS OF CHARACTERIZATION 283
1. INFORMATION EXCHANGES 283
A. TRADE ASSOCIATIONS * 283
B. VERIFICATION AND EXCHANGE OF PRICES BY DI-
RECT RIVALS 291
C. IMPLICATIONS FOR FUTURE INFORMATION-SHAR-
ING - 293
2. JOINT VENTURES AND THE APPLICATION OF THE RULE
OF REASON * 296
A. CHARACTERIZING THE VENTURE AND EVALUATING
COLLATERAL RESTRAINTS - 299
B. TREATMENT OF OUTSIDE ENTITIES 305
C. RECENT ILLUSTRATIONS 307
D. LEGISLATIVE REFORMS - 311
CHAPTER VN. THE OLIGOPOLY PROBLEM
A. ECONOMISTS AND THE OLIGOPOLY PROBLEM 314
B. LEGAL APPROACHES TO THE CONTROL OF OLIGOPOLIES 318
1. EXPANDING THE DEFINITION OF "AGREEMENT** UN-
DER SECTION 1 OF THE SHERMAN ACT - 318
2. SECTION 2 OF THE SHERMAN ACT 323
3. SECTION 5 OF THE FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION
ACT - .*._ 324
4. INVITATIONS TO COLLUDE 328
5. MERGER POLICY 329
6. PROPOSED LEGISLATIVE REFORMS- 331
XVI
CHAPTER VIII. VERTICAL RESTRAINTS
A. TRANSACTION COST ECONOMICS AND VERTICAL RELATION-
SHIPS *- 337
B. RESTRICTIONS ON DISTRIBUTION - 340
1. RESALE PRICE MAINTENANCE (RPM) - - 340
2. RPM AND ANTITRUST INJURY 352
3. CONSIGNMENTS AND DISTRIBUTION THROUGH
AGENTS * - 354
4. EXCLUSIVE DISTRIBUTORSHIPS/SOLE OUTLET 357
5. TERRITORIAL AND CUSTOMER RESTRICTIONS - 358
6. UNILATERAL AND CONCERTED ACTION DISTIN-
GUISHED: SUBSTANTIVE PRINCIPLES AND EVIDEN-
TIARY STANDARDS * - 370
C. LIMITS ON SUPPLIER POWER: EXCLUSIONARY PRACTICES.- 378
1. TYING ARRANGEMENTS 378
2. EXCLUSIVE DEALING - - 394
D. CONCLUSION ~ 399
CHAPTER IX. MERGERS
A. TENSIONS IN MODERN MERGER ANALYSIS 402
B. COMPETITIVE EFFECTS OVERVIEW 409
1. HORIZONTAL MERGERS - 409
2. VERTICAL MERGERS - - 411
3. CONGLOMERATE MERGERS 414
C. THE SHERMAN ACT AND MERGERS TENDING TO
MONOPOLY ~- - - 415
D. THE ENACTMENT AND AMENDMENT OF SECTION 7 OF
THE CLAYTON ACT *- * 418
E. THE SUPREME COURT, MERGER GUIDELINES, AND
MERGER ANALYSIS SINCE 1950 *- 421
1. VERTICAL MERGERS: SUPREME COURT CASES 423
2. VERTICAL MERGERS: GUIDELINES AND LOWER COURT
CASES - 429
3. HORIZONTAL MERGERS: SUPREME COURT CASES 432
XVII
OUTLINE
PAGE
4. HORIZONTAL MERGERS: GUIDELINES AND POST-
GUIDELINE CASES - - 448
A. FEDERAL MERGER GUIDELINES AND HORIZONTAL
MERGERS - - 448
B. STATE MERGER GUIDELINES 453
C. POST-GUIDELINE CASES - - 453
(I) MARKET DEFINITION - *- 454
(II) ENTRY CONDITIONS 456
(III) COMPETITIVE EFFECTS - *- 457
(IV) EFFICIENCIES - -* 461
5. CONGLOMERATE MERGERS, POTENTIAL COMPETITION,
AND JOINT VENTURES: SUPREME COURT CASES 464
6. CONGLOMERATE MERGERS, POTENTIAL COMPETITION,
AND JOINT VENTURES: GUIDELINES AND POST-
GUIDELINE CASES *- 469
F. PREMERGER NOTIFICATION - 471
G. CONCLUSION --- 474
CHAPTER X. PATENT AND INTELLECTUAL
PROPERTY ISSUES
A. AN INTRODUCTION TO PATENTS 480
B. PRICE, TERRITORIAL, AND USE RESTRICTIONS * 485
C. SETTLEMENT AND ACCUMULATION 494
D. UNILATERAL REFUSALS TO LICENSE 499
E. ENFORCEMENT OF PATENTS AS AN ANTITRUST VIOLATION- 502
CHAPTERS!. PRICE DISCRIMINATION AND
THE ROBINSON-PATMAN ACT
A. THE ORIGIN AND ENFORCEMENT OF SECTION 2 OF THE
CLAYTON ACT - 506
B. THE STATUTE ANALYZED 509
1. SECTION 2(A) 509
2. BUYER LIABILITY 510
3. SERVICES AND FACILITIES - 511
4. BROKERAGE 512
XVIII
PAGE
C. INJURY TO COMPETITION - 513
1. PRIMARY LINE INJURY 514
2. SECONDARY LINE INJURY 517
D. DEFENSES 520
1. "MEETING COMPETITION" - 520
2. COST JUSTIFICATION - 523
3. "FUNCTIONAL AVAILABILITY** 524
CHAPTER XIL THE ENFORCEMENT AND
ADJUDICATION PROCESS
A. PUBLIC ENFORCEMENT - - - - 526
1. THE FEDERAL ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES 526
2. ANTITRUST ENFORCEMENT BY STATE GOVERNMENTS 536
B. PRIVATE ENFORCEMENT 542
1. INJURY TO BUSINESS OR PROPERTY 545
2. ANTITRUST INJURY 545
3. STANDING - 547
4. INDIRECT PURCHASERS 549
C. FEDERALJUDICIAIY 551
D. CONCLUSION 555
CHAPTER XIIL LIMITS ON THE SCOPE OF
THE ANTITRUST SYSTEM
A. JURISDICTIONAL RESTRICTIONS 557
1. INTERSTATE COMMERCE REQUIREMENT 558
2. FOREIGN JURISDICTIONAL BARRIERS 559
A. FOREIGN TRADE ANTITRUST IMPROVEMENTS ACT 560
B. JUDGE-MADE LIMITATIONS 562
C. INTERNATIONAL TENSIONS AND HARMONY 565
B. THE EFFECT OF GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION - 567
1. FEDERAL REGULATION AND EXEMPTIONS* 568
A. BASIC FRAMEWORK OF EXEMPTIONS 568
B. SPECIFIC ILLUSTRATION: ORGANIZED LABOR 572
XIX
PAGE
2. STATE REGULATION - 575
A. INTRODUCTION TO STATE ACTION IMMUNITY - 575
B. "CLEAR ARTICULATION"-* - 576
C. "ACTIVE SUPERVISION" 577
CL POSSIBLE EXCEPTIONS * 580
E. LOCAL GOVERNMENTS AND OTHER POLITICAL
SUBDIVISIONS . 580
F. PREEMPTION * 581
3. PETITIONING 583
CHAPTER XIV. THE CHANGING BALANCE IN
ANTITRUST
STATUTORY APPENDIX 599
XX |
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| edition | 5. ed. |
| format | Book |
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| geographic | USA USA (DE-588)4078704-7 gnd |
| geographic_facet | USA |
| id | DE-604.BV021459719 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T14:07:19Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T20:36:27Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0314257233 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-014679715 |
| oclc_num | 56401492 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-M382 DE-N2 |
| owner_facet | DE-M382 DE-N2 |
| physical | XLVII, 617 S. |
| publishDate | 2004 |
| publishDateSearch | 2004 |
| publishDateSort | 2004 |
| publisher | Thomson/West |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | Nutshell series |
| spelling | Gellhorn, Ernest 1935-2005 Verfasser (DE-588)141976837 aut Antitrust law and economics in a nutshell by Ernest Gellhorn, William E. Kovacic, Stephen Calkins 5. ed. St. Paul, Minn. Thomson/West 2004 XLVII, 617 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Nutshell series Includes index Antitrustwetgeving gtt Economische aspecten gtt Wettbewerbsrecht swd Wirtschaft Antitrust law Economic aspects United States Antitrust law United States Antitrustrecht (DE-588)4140732-5 gnd rswk-swf USA USA (DE-588)4078704-7 gnd rswk-swf USA (DE-588)4078704-7 g Antitrustrecht (DE-588)4140732-5 s 1\p DE-604 Kovacic, William Sonstige oth Calkins, Stephen Sonstige oth SWB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=014679715&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk |
| spellingShingle | Gellhorn, Ernest 1935-2005 Antitrust law and economics in a nutshell Antitrustwetgeving gtt Economische aspecten gtt Wettbewerbsrecht swd Wirtschaft Antitrust law Economic aspects United States Antitrust law United States Antitrustrecht (DE-588)4140732-5 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4140732-5 (DE-588)4078704-7 |
| title | Antitrust law and economics in a nutshell |
| title_auth | Antitrust law and economics in a nutshell |
| title_exact_search | Antitrust law and economics in a nutshell |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Antitrust law and economics in a nutshell |
| title_full | Antitrust law and economics in a nutshell by Ernest Gellhorn, William E. Kovacic, Stephen Calkins |
| title_fullStr | Antitrust law and economics in a nutshell by Ernest Gellhorn, William E. Kovacic, Stephen Calkins |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antitrust law and economics in a nutshell by Ernest Gellhorn, William E. Kovacic, Stephen Calkins |
| title_short | Antitrust law and economics in a nutshell |
| title_sort | antitrust law and economics in a nutshell |
| topic | Antitrustwetgeving gtt Economische aspecten gtt Wettbewerbsrecht swd Wirtschaft Antitrust law Economic aspects United States Antitrust law United States Antitrustrecht (DE-588)4140732-5 gnd |
| topic_facet | Antitrustwetgeving Economische aspecten Wettbewerbsrecht Wirtschaft Antitrust law Economic aspects United States Antitrust law United States Antitrustrecht USA |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=014679715&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT gellhornernest antitrustlawandeconomicsinanutshell AT kovacicwilliam antitrustlawandeconomicsinanutshell AT calkinsstephen antitrustlawandeconomicsinanutshell |