Plows, plagues, and petroleum: how humans took control of climate
The impact on climate from 200 years of industrial development is an everyday fact of life, but did humankind's active involvement in climate change really begin with the industrial revolution, as commonly believed? William Ruddiman's provocative new book argues that humans have actually b...
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Princeton, NJ
Princeton Univ. Press
2005
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| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Zusammenfassung: | The impact on climate from 200 years of industrial development is an everyday fact of life, but did humankind's active involvement in climate change really begin with the industrial revolution, as commonly believed? William Ruddiman's provocative new book argues that humans have actually been changing the climate for some 8,000 years--as a result of the earlier discovery of agriculture. The "Ruddiman Hypothesis" will spark intense debate. We learn that the impact of farming on greenhouse-gas levels, thousands of years before the industrial revolution, kept our planet notably warmer than if natural climate cycles had prevailed--quite possibly forestalling a new ice age. Plows, Plagues, and Petroleum is the first book to trace the full historical sweep of human interaction with Earth's climate. Ruddiman takes us through three broad stages of human history: when nature was in control; when humans began to take control, discovering agriculture and affecting climate through carbon dioxide and methane emissions; and, finally, the more recent human impact on climate change. Along the way he raises the fascinating possibility that plagues, by depleting human populations, also affected reforestation and thus climate--as suggested by dips in greenhouse gases when major pandemics have occurred. The book concludes by looking to the future and critiquing the impact of special interest money on the global warming debate. Eminently readable and far-reaching in argument, Plows, Plagues, and Petroleum shows us that even as civilization developed, we were already changing the climate in which we lived. |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references and index |
| Beschreibung: | XIV, 202 S. graph. Darst., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 0691121648 9780691121642 |
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| 520 | 3 | |a The impact on climate from 200 years of industrial development is an everyday fact of life, but did humankind's active involvement in climate change really begin with the industrial revolution, as commonly believed? William Ruddiman's provocative new book argues that humans have actually been changing the climate for some 8,000 years--as a result of the earlier discovery of agriculture. The "Ruddiman Hypothesis" will spark intense debate. We learn that the impact of farming on greenhouse-gas levels, thousands of years before the industrial revolution, kept our planet notably warmer than if natural climate cycles had prevailed--quite possibly forestalling a new ice age. Plows, Plagues, and Petroleum is the first book to trace the full historical sweep of human interaction with Earth's climate. Ruddiman takes us through three broad stages of human history: when nature was in control; when humans began to take control, discovering agriculture and affecting climate through carbon dioxide and methane emissions; and, finally, the more recent human impact on climate change. Along the way he raises the fascinating possibility that plagues, by depleting human populations, also affected reforestation and thus climate--as suggested by dips in greenhouse gases when major pandemics have occurred. The book concludes by looking to the future and critiquing the impact of special interest money on the global warming debate. Eminently readable and far-reaching in argument, Plows, Plagues, and Petroleum shows us that even as civilization developed, we were already changing the climate in which we lived. | |
| 648 | 7 | |a Geschichte |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Industriële revolutie |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Klimaatveranderingen |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Landbouw |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Menselijke invloed |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Ziekten |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Klimaänderung | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Climatology | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Climatic changes | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Global temperature changes | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Greenhouse effect, Atmospheric | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | CONTENTS
List of Illustrations ix
Preface xiii
Part One
What Has Controlled Earth s Climate?
Chapter One
Climate and Human History 5
Part Two
Nature in Control
Chapter Two
Slow Going for a Few Million Years 17
Chapter Three
Linking Earth s Orbit to Its Climate 25
Chapter Four
Orbital Changes Control Ice Age Cycles 35
Chapter Five
Orbital Changes Control Monsoon Cycles 46
Chapter Six
Stirrings of Change 55
Part Three
Humans Begin to Take Control
Chapter Seven
Early Agriculture and Civilization 65
Chapter Eight
Taking Control of Methane 76
Chapter Nine
Taking Control of CO2 84
viii CONTENTS
Chapter Ten
Have We Delayed a Glaciation? 95
Chapter Eleven
Challenges and Responses 106
Part Four
Disease Enters the Picture
Chapter Twelve
But What about Those CO2 Wiggles ? 119
Chapter Thirteen
The Horsemen of the Apocalypse: Which One? 127
Chapter Fourteen
Pandemics, CO2, and Climate 139
Part Five
Humans in Control
Chapter Fifteen
Greenhouse Warming: Tortoise and Hare 151
Chapter Sixteen
Future Warming: Large or Small? 159
Chapter Seventeen
From the Past into the Distant Future 169
Epilogue
Chapter Eighteen
Global Change Science and Politics 179
Chapter Nineteen
Consuming Earths Gifts 190
Bibliography 195
Figure Sources 197
Index 199
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
Figures
1.1. Two views of the history of human impacts on Earth s climate
and environment 6
2.1. The sequence that led to modern humans during the last
4 million years 22
2.2. Over the last 5 million years, as modern humans evolved, Earth s
climate slowly cooled 24
3.1. Gradual changes in the tilt of Earth s axis relative to its orbit
around the Sun at a cycle of 41,000 years alter the amount of
solar radiation that arrives at high latitudes 29
3.2. Gradual changes in the eccentricity ( out of roundness ) of Earth s
orbit around the Sun occur at a cycle of 100,000 years 30
3.3. The combined effect of changes in the eccentricity of Earths
orbit and in its slow wobbling motion causes changes in the
amount of solar radiation received at low and middle latitudes
at a 22,000 year cycle 32
4.1. The last major ice sheet on North America slowly retreated from
the northern United States into far northeastern Canada between
20,000 and 6,000 years ago 38
4.2. Large ice sheets first appeared in the Northern Hemisphere nearly
2.75 million years ago and grew and melted at the 41,000 year
cycle of orbital tilt until about 0.9 million years ago 41
5.1. Tropical monsoons are driven by changes in summer solar
radiation at the 22,000 year orbital cycle 48
5.2. Summer insolation values 8 percent higher than today produced
summer monsoons stronger than today nearly 10,000 years ago
across North Africa and southern Eurasia 51
5.3. Releases of methane (CH4) from tropical Eurasia confirm the
orbital monsoon theory that stronger solar radiation at the
22,000 year cycle produces stronger monsoon rains, which emit
more methane 52
7.1. Agriculture originated independendy in several areas, with the
earliest known occurrences in the Fertile Crescent region of the
Near East and in northern China 66
x LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
7.2. Plants that were first domesticated in the Fertile Crescent region
of the Near East more than 10,000 years ago gradually appeared
in lake sediments across Europe in subsequent millennia 69
8.1. Natural (orbitally driven) changes in solar radiation caused the
methane maximum 11,000 years ago and the decrease until 5,000
years ago, but humans account for the anomalous increase since
that time 77
9.1. CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere vary naturally at a cycle of
100,000 years, with peak values occurring a few thousand years
before the ice sheets reach minimum (interglacial) size 85
9.2. Natural processes caused the atmopheric CO2 peak nearly
10,500 years ago and the subsequent decrease until 8,000 years
ago, but humans have caused the anomalous CO2 increase since
that time 87
9.3. By 2,000 years ago sophisticated forms of agriculture were
practiced in naturally forested areas of China, India, southern
Europe, and Mediterranean North Africa 91
10.1. Humans have had a large impact on atmospheric methane
concentrations (A), CO2 (B), and estimated global and
high latitude temperature (C) during the last several
thousand years 96
10.2. Several models of the ice sheet response to July solar
radiation changes in the Northern Hemisphere predict that
ice sheets should have begun growing several thousand
years ago 99
10.3. A natural cooling trend in the Northern Hemisphere should
have passed the threshold for initiating a new glaciation several
thousand years ago, but greenhouse gases added by humans kept
climate warm enough to avoid the start of a new ice age 101
10.4. When greenhouse gases of human origin are removed from the
atmosphere in a climate model run, North America becomes
much cooler in winter and snow persists year round on Baffin
Island and for 11 months across high terrain in Labrador 103
11.1. Concentrations of methane (A) and CO2 (B) should have fallen
during the last several thousand years but instead rose because
of human acitivity 108
11.2. Changes in summer solar radiation nearly 400,000 years ago are
the closest analog to July radiation changes during the last several
millennia 109
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS xi
11.3. During the interglaciation nearly 400,000 years ago, methane
and CO2 concentrations fell to natural values much lower than
those reached during recent millennia 110
11.4. The CO2 anomaly caused by humans prior to the industrial era
was due in part to burning of forests (direct CO2 emissions) and
in part to the prevention of a natural CO2 decrease 113
12.1. Antarctic ice cores show large CO2 drops during the last 2,000
years compared to the long term rising trend (shaded) 120
12.2. The number of weeks per year that sea ice jammed northern
Iceland ports increased for several centuries but then dropped
sharply during the 1900s 122
12.3. Reconstructions of Northern Hemisphere temperature during
the last 1,000 years show an erratic cooling trend through the
late 1800s followed by an abrupt warming during the 1900s 123
13.1. Intervals of low CO2 concentrations in Antarctic ice cores
correlate (within dating uncertainties) with major pandemics
that decimated populations in Eurasia and the Americas 133
14.1. Surrounding small ice caps on Baffin Island that are rapidly
melting today are halos of dead lichen that were smothered by the
thick year round snow cover prior to the 1900s 143
14.2. CO2 drops caused by major pandemics probably brought
parts of northeast Canada to the threshold required for
renewed glaciation 145
15.1. The effect of industrialization is evident in the rapid rise
of atmospheric CO2 and methane concentrations since
the 1800s 156
15.2. Measurements in Greenland ice show a rapid rise in atmospheric
sulfate emitted by industrial era smokestacks, followed by a
downturn in the 1970s after passage of the Clean Air Act. 157
16.1. Atmospheric CO2 concentrations are likely to reach two to four
times the natural (preindustrial) level in the next few centuries
as fossil fuel carbon is consumed 163
16.2. Global temperatures are likely to increase by several degrees
Centigrade as CO2 and other greenhouse gases are added to
the atmosphere 165
16.3. Several kinds of satellite based measurements show that Arctic
sea ice has retreated during the last several decades 166
17.1. Greenhouse gas emissions from farming have offset part of a
natural cooling since 8,000 years ago, and probably prevented
a new glaciation 170
xii LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
Tables
6.1. Major stages in human evolution 56
7.1. First appearance of domesticated crops and animals, and
tool technologies 67
13.1. Epidemics and pandemics of the last 2,000 years 132
15.1. Response times within Earth s climate system 152
|
| adam_txt |
CONTENTS
List of Illustrations ix
Preface xiii
Part One
What Has Controlled Earth's Climate?
Chapter One
Climate and Human History 5
Part Two
Nature in Control
Chapter Two
Slow Going for a Few Million Years 17
Chapter Three
Linking Earth's Orbit to Its Climate 25
Chapter Four
Orbital Changes Control Ice Age Cycles 35
Chapter Five
Orbital Changes Control Monsoon Cycles 46
Chapter Six
Stirrings of Change 55
Part Three
Humans Begin to Take Control
Chapter Seven
Early Agriculture and Civilization 65
Chapter Eight
Taking Control of Methane 76
Chapter Nine
Taking Control of CO2 84
viii CONTENTS
Chapter Ten
Have We Delayed a Glaciation? 95
Chapter Eleven
Challenges and Responses 106
Part Four
Disease Enters the Picture
Chapter Twelve
But What about Those CO2 "Wiggles"? 119
Chapter Thirteen
The Horsemen of the Apocalypse: Which One? 127
Chapter Fourteen
Pandemics, CO2, and Climate 139
Part Five
Humans in Control
Chapter Fifteen
Greenhouse Warming: Tortoise and Hare 151
Chapter Sixteen
Future Warming: Large or Small? 159
Chapter Seventeen
From the Past into the Distant Future 169
Epilogue
Chapter Eighteen
Global Change Science and Politics 179
Chapter Nineteen
Consuming Earths Gifts 190
Bibliography 195
Figure Sources 197
Index 199
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
Figures
1.1. Two views of the history of human impacts on Earth's climate
and environment 6
2.1. The sequence that led to modern humans during the last
4 million years 22
2.2. Over the last 5 million years, as modern humans evolved, Earth's
climate slowly cooled 24
3.1. Gradual changes in the tilt of Earth's axis relative to its orbit
around the Sun at a cycle of 41,000 years alter the amount of
solar radiation that arrives at high latitudes 29
3.2. Gradual changes in the eccentricity ('out of roundness') of Earth's
orbit around the Sun occur at a cycle of 100,000 years 30
3.3. The combined effect of changes in the eccentricity of Earths
orbit and in its slow wobbling motion causes changes in the
amount of solar radiation received at low and middle latitudes
at a 22,000 year cycle 32
4.1. The last major ice sheet on North America slowly retreated from
the northern United States into far northeastern Canada between
20,000 and 6,000 years ago 38
4.2. Large ice sheets first appeared in the Northern Hemisphere nearly
2.75 million years ago and grew and melted at the 41,000 year
cycle of orbital tilt until about 0.9 million years ago 41
5.1. Tropical monsoons are driven by changes in summer solar
radiation at the 22,000 year orbital cycle 48
5.2. Summer insolation values 8 percent higher than today produced
summer monsoons stronger than today nearly 10,000 years ago
across North Africa and southern Eurasia 51
5.3. Releases of methane (CH4) from tropical Eurasia confirm the
orbital monsoon theory that stronger solar radiation at the
22,000 year cycle produces stronger monsoon rains, which emit
more methane 52
7.1. Agriculture originated independendy in several areas, with the
earliest known occurrences in the Fertile Crescent region of the
Near East and in northern China 66
x LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
7.2. Plants that were first domesticated in the Fertile Crescent region
of the Near East more than 10,000 years ago gradually appeared
in lake sediments across Europe in subsequent millennia 69
8.1. Natural (orbitally driven) changes in solar radiation caused the
methane maximum 11,000 years ago and the decrease until 5,000
years ago, but humans account for the anomalous increase since
that time 77
9.1. CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere vary naturally at a cycle of
100,000 years, with peak values occurring a few thousand years
before the ice sheets reach minimum (interglacial) size 85
9.2. Natural processes caused the atmopheric CO2 peak nearly
10,500 years ago and the subsequent decrease until 8,000 years
ago, but humans have caused the anomalous CO2 increase since
that time 87
9.3. By 2,000 years ago sophisticated forms of agriculture were
practiced in naturally forested areas of China, India, southern
Europe, and Mediterranean North Africa 91
10.1. Humans have had a large impact on atmospheric methane
concentrations (A), CO2 (B), and estimated global and
high latitude temperature (C) during the last several
thousand years 96
10.2. Several models of the ice sheet response to July solar
radiation changes in the Northern Hemisphere predict that
ice sheets should have begun growing several thousand
years ago 99
10.3. A natural cooling trend in the Northern Hemisphere should
have passed the threshold for initiating a new glaciation several
thousand years ago, but greenhouse gases added by humans kept
climate warm enough to avoid the start of a new ice age 101
10.4. When greenhouse gases of human origin are removed from the
atmosphere in a climate model run, North America becomes
much cooler in winter and snow persists year round on Baffin
Island and for 11 months across high terrain in Labrador 103
11.1. Concentrations of methane (A) and CO2 (B) should have fallen
during the last several thousand years but instead rose because
of human acitivity 108
11.2. Changes in summer solar radiation nearly 400,000 years ago are
the closest analog to July radiation changes during the last several
millennia 109
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS xi
11.3. During the interglaciation nearly 400,000 years ago, methane
and CO2 concentrations fell to natural values much lower than
those reached during recent millennia 110
11.4. The CO2 anomaly caused by humans prior to the industrial era
was due in part to burning of forests (direct CO2 emissions) and
in part to the prevention of a natural CO2 decrease 113
12.1. Antarctic ice cores show large CO2 drops during the last 2,000
years compared to the long term rising trend (shaded) 120
12.2. The number of weeks per year that sea ice jammed northern
Iceland ports increased for several centuries but then dropped
sharply during the 1900s 122
12.3. Reconstructions of Northern Hemisphere temperature during
the last 1,000 years show an erratic cooling trend through the
late 1800s followed by an abrupt warming during the 1900s 123
13.1. Intervals of low CO2 concentrations in Antarctic ice cores
correlate (within dating uncertainties) with major pandemics
that decimated populations in Eurasia and the Americas 133
14.1. Surrounding small ice caps on Baffin Island that are rapidly
melting today are halos of dead lichen that were smothered by the
thick year round snow cover prior to the 1900s 143
14.2. CO2 drops caused by major pandemics probably brought
parts of northeast Canada to the threshold required for
renewed glaciation 145
15.1. The effect of industrialization is evident in the rapid rise
of atmospheric CO2 and methane concentrations since
the 1800s 156
15.2. Measurements in Greenland ice show a rapid rise in atmospheric
sulfate emitted by industrial era smokestacks, followed by a
downturn in the 1970s after passage of the Clean Air Act. 157
16.1. Atmospheric CO2 concentrations are likely to reach two to four
times the natural (preindustrial) level in the next few centuries
as fossil fuel carbon is consumed 163
16.2. Global temperatures are likely to increase by several degrees
Centigrade as CO2 and other greenhouse gases are added to
the atmosphere 165
16.3. Several kinds of satellite based measurements show that Arctic
sea ice has retreated during the last several decades 166
17.1. Greenhouse gas emissions from farming have offset part of a
natural cooling since 8,000 years ago, and probably prevented
a new glaciation 170
xii LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
Tables
6.1. Major stages in human evolution 56
7.1. First appearance of domesticated crops and animals, and
tool technologies 67
13.1. Epidemics and pandemics of the last 2,000 years 132
15.1. Response times within Earth's climate system 152 |
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Ruddiman</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Princeton, NJ</subfield><subfield code="b">Princeton Univ. Press</subfield><subfield code="c">2005</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">XIV, 202 S.</subfield><subfield code="b">graph. Darst., Kt.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">n</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">nc</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="500" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Includes bibliographical references and index</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1="3" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">The impact on climate from 200 years of industrial development is an everyday fact of life, but did humankind's active involvement in climate change really begin with the industrial revolution, as commonly believed? William Ruddiman's provocative new book argues that humans have actually been changing the climate for some 8,000 years--as a result of the earlier discovery of agriculture. The "Ruddiman Hypothesis" will spark intense debate. We learn that the impact of farming on greenhouse-gas levels, thousands of years before the industrial revolution, kept our planet notably warmer than if natural climate cycles had prevailed--quite possibly forestalling a new ice age. Plows, Plagues, and Petroleum is the first book to trace the full historical sweep of human interaction with Earth's climate. Ruddiman takes us through three broad stages of human history: when nature was in control; when humans began to take control, discovering agriculture and affecting climate through carbon dioxide and methane emissions; and, finally, the more recent human impact on climate change. Along the way he raises the fascinating possibility that plagues, by depleting human populations, also affected reforestation and thus climate--as suggested by dips in greenhouse gases when major pandemics have occurred. The book concludes by looking to the future and critiquing the impact of special interest money on the global warming debate. Eminently readable and far-reaching in argument, Plows, Plagues, and Petroleum shows us that even as civilization developed, we were already changing the climate in which we lived.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="648" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Geschichte</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Industriële revolutie</subfield><subfield code="2">gtt</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Klimaatveranderingen</subfield><subfield code="2">gtt</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Landbouw</subfield><subfield code="2">gtt</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Menselijke invloed</subfield><subfield code="2">gtt</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Ziekten</subfield><subfield code="2">gtt</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Klimaänderung</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Climatology</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Climatic changes</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Global temperature changes</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Greenhouse effect, Atmospheric</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Treibhauseffekt</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4226436-4</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Anthropogene Klimaänderung</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4290733-0</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Klimaänderung</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4164199-1</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Klimaänderung</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4164199-1</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Treibhauseffekt</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4226436-4</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Anthropogene Klimaänderung</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4290733-0</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Geschichte</subfield><subfield code="A">z</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-188</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">HBZ Datenaustausch</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=014655141&sequence=000004&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Inhaltsverzeichnis</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="999" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-014655141</subfield></datafield></record></collection> |
| id | DE-604.BV021402549 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T14:02:32Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T20:35:55Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0691121648 9780691121642 |
| language | English |
| lccn | 2004062444 |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-014655141 |
| oclc_num | 56924704 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-703 DE-384 DE-188 |
| owner_facet | DE-703 DE-384 DE-188 |
| physical | XIV, 202 S. graph. Darst., Kt. |
| publishDate | 2005 |
| publishDateSearch | 2005 |
| publishDateSort | 2005 |
| publisher | Princeton Univ. Press |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Ruddiman, William F. 1943- Verfasser (DE-588)137860307 aut Plows, plagues, and petroleum how humans took control of climate William F. Ruddiman Princeton, NJ Princeton Univ. Press 2005 XIV, 202 S. graph. Darst., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references and index The impact on climate from 200 years of industrial development is an everyday fact of life, but did humankind's active involvement in climate change really begin with the industrial revolution, as commonly believed? William Ruddiman's provocative new book argues that humans have actually been changing the climate for some 8,000 years--as a result of the earlier discovery of agriculture. The "Ruddiman Hypothesis" will spark intense debate. We learn that the impact of farming on greenhouse-gas levels, thousands of years before the industrial revolution, kept our planet notably warmer than if natural climate cycles had prevailed--quite possibly forestalling a new ice age. Plows, Plagues, and Petroleum is the first book to trace the full historical sweep of human interaction with Earth's climate. Ruddiman takes us through three broad stages of human history: when nature was in control; when humans began to take control, discovering agriculture and affecting climate through carbon dioxide and methane emissions; and, finally, the more recent human impact on climate change. Along the way he raises the fascinating possibility that plagues, by depleting human populations, also affected reforestation and thus climate--as suggested by dips in greenhouse gases when major pandemics have occurred. The book concludes by looking to the future and critiquing the impact of special interest money on the global warming debate. Eminently readable and far-reaching in argument, Plows, Plagues, and Petroleum shows us that even as civilization developed, we were already changing the climate in which we lived. Geschichte gnd rswk-swf Industriële revolutie gtt Klimaatveranderingen gtt Landbouw gtt Menselijke invloed gtt Ziekten gtt Klimaänderung Climatology Climatic changes Global temperature changes Greenhouse effect, Atmospheric Treibhauseffekt (DE-588)4226436-4 gnd rswk-swf Anthropogene Klimaänderung (DE-588)4290733-0 gnd rswk-swf Klimaänderung (DE-588)4164199-1 gnd rswk-swf Klimaänderung (DE-588)4164199-1 s Treibhauseffekt (DE-588)4226436-4 s DE-604 Anthropogene Klimaänderung (DE-588)4290733-0 s Geschichte z DE-188 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=014655141&sequence=000004&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Ruddiman, William F. 1943- Plows, plagues, and petroleum how humans took control of climate Industriële revolutie gtt Klimaatveranderingen gtt Landbouw gtt Menselijke invloed gtt Ziekten gtt Klimaänderung Climatology Climatic changes Global temperature changes Greenhouse effect, Atmospheric Treibhauseffekt (DE-588)4226436-4 gnd Anthropogene Klimaänderung (DE-588)4290733-0 gnd Klimaänderung (DE-588)4164199-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4226436-4 (DE-588)4290733-0 (DE-588)4164199-1 |
| title | Plows, plagues, and petroleum how humans took control of climate |
| title_auth | Plows, plagues, and petroleum how humans took control of climate |
| title_exact_search | Plows, plagues, and petroleum how humans took control of climate |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Plows, plagues, and petroleum how humans took control of climate |
| title_full | Plows, plagues, and petroleum how humans took control of climate William F. Ruddiman |
| title_fullStr | Plows, plagues, and petroleum how humans took control of climate William F. Ruddiman |
| title_full_unstemmed | Plows, plagues, and petroleum how humans took control of climate William F. Ruddiman |
| title_short | Plows, plagues, and petroleum |
| title_sort | plows plagues and petroleum how humans took control of climate |
| title_sub | how humans took control of climate |
| topic | Industriële revolutie gtt Klimaatveranderingen gtt Landbouw gtt Menselijke invloed gtt Ziekten gtt Klimaänderung Climatology Climatic changes Global temperature changes Greenhouse effect, Atmospheric Treibhauseffekt (DE-588)4226436-4 gnd Anthropogene Klimaänderung (DE-588)4290733-0 gnd Klimaänderung (DE-588)4164199-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Industriële revolutie Klimaatveranderingen Landbouw Menselijke invloed Ziekten Klimaänderung Climatology Climatic changes Global temperature changes Greenhouse effect, Atmospheric Treibhauseffekt Anthropogene Klimaänderung |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=014655141&sequence=000004&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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