Advanced pharmaceutics: physicochemical principles
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| Main Author: | |
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| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Boca Raton, Fla.
CRC Press
2004
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Item Description: | Includes index. |
| Physical Description: | 498 p. Ill., graph. Darst. 24 cm |
| ISBN: | 0849317290 |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Kim, Cherng-ju |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Advanced pharmaceutics |b physicochemical principles |c Cherng-Ju Kim |
| 264 | 1 | |a Boca Raton, Fla. |b CRC Press |c 2004 | |
| 300 | |a 498 p. |b Ill., graph. Darst. |c 24 cm | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Includes index. | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Médicaments - Formes pharmaceutiques | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Pharmacie | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Techniques pharmaceutiques | |
| 650 | 4 | |a aDrugs |a xDosage forms | |
| 650 | 4 | |a aPharmacy | |
| 650 | 4 | |a aPharmaceutical technology | |
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| adam_text | ADVANCED PHARMACEUTICS PHYSICOCHEMICAL PRINCIPLES CHERNG-JU KIM CRC
PRESS BOCA RATON LONDON NEW YORK WASHINGTON, D.C. CONTENTS CHAPTER 1
THERMODYNAMICS 1 1.1 IDEAL GASES..... 1 1.2 REAL GASES 4 1.3
THERMODYNAMICS 6 1.3.1 THE FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS 6 1.3.2 ENTHALPY
(HEAT CONTENT) AND HEAT CAPACITY 10 1.3.3 THERMOCHEMISTRY 12 1.3.4 HEAT
ENGINE AND THE CARNOT CYCLE 16 1.3.5 THE SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS
AND ENTROPY 19 1.3.6 THE THIRD LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS 22 1.4 FREE ENERGY
23 1.4.1 FREE ENERGY FUNCTIONS 24 1.4.2 FUNDAMENTAL EQUATIONS OF
THERMODYNAMICS AND THEIR USES 27 1.4.3 FREE ENERGY OF FORMATION AND
STANDARD FREE ENERGY CHANGE 30 1.4.4 FREE ENERGY AND CHEMICAL
EQUILIBRIUM 33 1.4.5 THE THERMODYNAMICS OF MIXING 39 SUGGESTED READINGS
42 PROBLEMS 42 CHAPTER 2 IONIC EQUILIBRIUM 45 2.1 STRONG ACIDS AND
STRONG BASES 45 2.1.1 PH OF THE SOLUTION OF A STRONG ACID OR STRONG BASE
45 2.1.2 TITRATION CURVE OF A STRONG BASE WITH A STRONG ACID 46 2.2
MONOPROTIC WEAK ACIDS AND WEAK BASES 48 2.2.1 PH OF THE SOLUTION OF A
MONOPROTIC WEAK ACID OR WEAK BASE 48 2.2.2 TITRATION CURVE OF A WEAK
ACID WITH A STRONG BASE 53 2.2.3 PH OF THE SOLUTION OF SALTS OF WEAK
ACIDS OR WEAK BASES 55 2.2.4 PH OF THE SOLUTION OF A MIXTURE OF
CONJUGATE ACIDS AND BASES: HENDERSON-HASSELBALCH EQUATION 58 2.2.5
BUFFER SOLUTIONS AND BUFFER CAPACITY 65 2.2.6 EFFECT OF IONIC STRENGTH
ON BUFFERS 69 2.2.7 SOLUBILITY OF WEAK ELECTROLYTES AND AMPHOLYTES 75
2.3 POLYPROTIC WEAK ACIDS AND WEAK BASES 79 2.3.1 PH OF THE SOLUTION OF
A DIPROTIC WEAK ACID, WEAK BASE, OR AMPHOLYTE 79 2.3.2 PH OF THE
SOLUTION OF A TRIPROTIC WEAK ACID, WEAK BASE, OR POLYPROTIC AMINO ACID
86 2.3.3 TITRATION CURVES OF A POLYPROTIC WEAK ACID, WEAK BASE, OR
POLYAMPHOLYTE 99 2.3.4 BUFFER CAPACITY OF A BUFFER SOLUTION CONTAINING A
POLYPROTIC WEAK ACID OR WEAK BASE AND ITS CONJUGATE BASE OR ACID 102 2.4
SPARINGLY SOLUBLE SALTS 104 2.4.1 SOLUBILITY PRODUCT CONSTANT AND
SOLUBILITY OF SPARINGLY SOLUBLE SALTS 104 2.4.2 SOLUBILITY OF SPARINGLY
SOLUBLE SALTS OF WEAK ACIDS OR WEAK BASES 105 2.4.3 EFFECT OF IONIC
STRENGTH ON SOLUBILITY OF SPARINGLY SOLUBLE SALTS . 108 SUGGESTED
READINGS 110 PROBLEMS ILL CHAPTER 3 SOLUTIONS AND DISTRIBUTION 113 3.1
SOLUTIONS OF SOLIDS AND NONVOLATILE LIQUIDS IN LIQUIDS 113 .1 IDEAL
SOLUTIONS 113 .2 NONIDEAL SOLUTIONS AND THE SOLUBILITY PARAMETER 116 .3
INTERMOLECULAR AND INTRAMOLECULAR INTERACTIONS BETWEEN MOLECULES 122 .4
PREDICTION OF SOLUBILITY 128 .5 SOLUBILIZATION OF WEAK ACIDS OR WEAK
BASES IN COSOLVENT SYSTEMS 132 3.1.6 DISSOLUTION KINETICS OF SOLIDS IN
LIQUIDS 135 3.2 SOLUTIONS OF VOLATILE LIQUIDS IN LIQUIDS 139 3.2.1
RAOULT S LAW 139 3.2.2 TWO-COMPONENT LIQUID SYSTEMS 141 3.2.3
THREE-COMPONENT LIQUID SYSTEMS 144 3.3 SOLUTIONS OF GASES IN LIQUIDS
(HENRY S LAW) 145 3.4 COLLIGATIVE PROPERTIES 148 3.4.1 FREEZING POINT
DEPRESSION AND BOILING POINT ELEVATION 148 3.4.2 OSMOTIC PRESSURE 152
3.4.3 VAPOR PRESSURE LOWERING 154 3.4.4 ISOTONIC SOLUTIONS 155 3.4.4.1
FREEZING POINT METHOD 155 3.4.4.2 NACL EQUIVALENT METHOD 157 3.5
DISTRIBUTION LAW (PARTITION COEFFICIENT) 158 3.5.1 NONDISSOCIATED AND
NONASSOCIATED SYSTEMS 158 3.5.2 ASSOCIATION OF A SOLUTE IN ONE PHASE 160
3.5.3 DISSOCIATION IN AQUEOUS PHASE AND ASSOCIATION IN OIL PHASE 161
3.5.4 DISTRIBUTION AND SOLUBILIZATION OF WEAK ACIDS OR WEAK BASES IN
MICELLES AND THE AQUEOUS PHASE : 166 3.5.5 DISTRIBUTION AND
SOLUBILIZATION OF DRUG CHEMICALS BY INCLUSION COMPLEX FORMATION 169
3.5.6 DISTRIBUTION OF DRUGS IN PROTEINS (PROTEIN BINDING) 178 SUGGESTED
READINGS 188 PROBLEMS 189 CHAPTER 4 SURFACE CHEMISTRY AND COLLOIDS 193
4.1 ADSORPTION FROM SOLUTIONS 193 4.1.1 ADSORPTION PROCESSES 193 4.1.2
ADSORPTION ISOTHERMS 194 4.1.2.1 LANGMUIR ISOTHERM 194 .2.2 FREUNDLICH
ISOTHERM 195 .2.3 BET ISOTHERM 198 .2.4 COMPETITIVE ADSORPTION 201 4.1.3
FACTORS AFFECTING ADSORPTION 205 .3.1 NATURE OF THE ADSORBENT 205 .3.2
NATURE OF THE ADSORBATE 206 4.1.3.3 PH 206 4.1.3.4 TEMPERATURE 207 4.2
LIQUID-LIQUID SYSTEMS (EMULSIONS) 207 4.2.1 LIQUID-LIQUID INTERFACIAL
TENSION 208 4.2.2 ADSORPTION OF SURFACTANTS AT INTERFACES 210 4.2.3
SURFACTANTS AND THEORY OF EMULSIFICATION 214 4.2.3.1 SURFACE-ACTIVE
MATERIALS 214 4.2.3.2 NATURALLY OCCURRING AND SEMISYNTHETIC MATERIALS
218 4.2.3.3 FINELY DIVIDED SOLIDS 218 4.2.4 TYPE OF EMULSION AND HLB
SYSTEM 219 4.2.5 INSTABILITY OF EMULSIONS 225 4.2.6 MICELLIZATION AND
SOLUBILIZATION 226 4.2.7 MICROEMULSIONS 230 4.3 SOLID-LIQUID SYSTEMS
(SUSPENSIONS) 231 4.3.1 WETTING AND WETTING AGENTS 231 4.3.1.1
SURFACTANTS 235 4.3.1.2 HYDROCOLLOIDS 236 4.3.1.3 SOLVENTS 237 4.3.2
ELECTRICAL DOUBLE LAYER AND STABILIZATION OF COLLOIDAL PARTICLES 238
4.3.2.1 THE ELECTRIC DOUBLE LAYER 238 4.3.2.2 THE STABILIZATION AND
DESTABILIZATION OF COLLOID SYSTEMS 240 4.3.3 SEDIMENTATION OF DILUTE
SUSPENSIONS 246 4.3.4 PREVENTION OF CAKE FORMATION 252 SUGGESTED
READINGS 254 PROBLEMS 255 CHAPTERS KINETICS 257 5.1 PATHWAYS OF DRUG
DEGRADATION 257 5.1.1 HYDROLYSIS 257 5.1.2 OXIDATION 259 5.1.3
PHOTOLYSIS 259 5.2 SINGLE AND MULTIPLE REACTIONS, ELEMENTARY REACTIONS,
MOLECULARITY, AND ORDER OF REACTIONS 260 5.3 IRREVERSIBLE REACTIONS 262
5.3.1 ZERO-ORDER REACTIONS 262 5.3.2 FIRST-ORDER REACTIONS 263 5.3.3
APPARENT ZERO-ORDER REACTIONS 265 5.3.4 SECOND-ORDER REACTIONS 267 5.4
DETERMINATION OF THE ORDER OF REACTION AND ITS RATE CONSTANT 270 5.4.1
DIFFERENTIATION METHOD 270 5.4.2 INTEGRATION METHOD 272 5.5 OTHER
IRREVERSIBLE REACTIONS 277 5.5.1 AUTOCATALYTIC REACTIONS 277 5.5.2
PARALLEL REACTIONS 280 5.5.3 CONSECUTIVE REACTIONS 282 5.6 REVERSIBLE
REACTIONS 285 5.6.1 REVERSIBLE FIRST-ORDER REACTIONS 285 5.6.2
REVERSIBLE SECOND-ORDER REACTIONS 288 5.7 REVERSIBLE AND SERIES
REACTIONS (EIGENVALUE METHOD) 290 5.8 USE OF LAPLACE TRANSFORM FOR
DIFFERENTIAL RATE EQUATIONS 296 5.8.1 DEFINITIONS AND PROPERTIES 296
5.8.2 APPLICATIONS OF LAPLACE TRANSFORMS FOR DRUG DEGRADATION AND
BIOTRANSFORMATION 297 5.9 ENZYME-SUBSTRATE REACTIONS 302 5.9.1
ENZYME-SUBSTRATE REACTIONS WITHOUT INHIBITION 302 5.9.2 ENZYME-SUBSTRATE
REACTION WITH INHIBITION 306 5.10 ACID-BASE CATALYZED DEGRADATION
KINETICS 311 5.10.1 ACID-BASE CATALYZED HYDROLYSIS OF NEUTRAL CHEMICALS
311 5.10.2 ACID-BASE CATALYZED HYDROLYSIS OF POLYPROTIC WEAK ACIDS AND
WEAK BASES 314 5.11 OXIDATION (FREE RADICAL REACTION) 322 5.12
DEGRADATION KINETICS IN INCLUSION COMPLEXES, MICELLES, AND LIPOSOMES 325
5.13 TEMPERATURE EFFECTS ON THE REACTION RATE CONSTANTS 329 SUGGESTED
READINGS 335 PROBLEMS 336 CHAPTER 6 DIFFUSION 341 6.1 DIFFUSION 341
6.1.1 TRANSPORT PROCESSES 341 6.1.2 DIFFUSION COEFFICIENTS 346 6.2
DIFFUSION THROUGH A MEMBRANE 351 6.2.1 UNSTEADY-STATE DIFFUSION THROUGH
A MEMBRANE 351 6.2.2 STEADY-STATE DIFFUSION THROUGH A MEMBRANE 356
6.2.2.1 CONSTANT ACTIVITY RESERVOIR SYSTEMS 356 6.2.2.2 NONCONSTANT
ACTIVITY RESERVOIR SYSTEMS 357 6.2.3 MULTILAYER MEMBRANE DEVICES 360 6.3
DIFFUSION IN A MONOLITHIC MATRIX 362 6.3.1 DISSOLVED DRUG IN POLYMERIC
DRUG CARRIERS 362 6.3.2 DISPERSED DRUG IN POLYMERIC DRUG CARRIERS 367
6.4 DIFFUSION IN A MEMBRANE-MATRIX SYSTEM 374 6.5 DIFFUSION DURING THE
SWELLING OF A MATRIX 377 6.6 DIFFUSION IN MATRIX EROSION/DEGRADATION 382
6.6.1 HOMOGENEOUS EROSION/DEGRADATION 382 6.6.2 HETEROGENEOUS
EROSION/DEGRADATION 385 6.7 DIFFUSION IN A MATRIX SWELLING/EROSION 388
6.8 DIFFUSION WITH CHEMICAL REACTION IN A MEMBRANE 392 6.9 SURFACE AREA
AND CONCENTRATION GRADIENT SYSTEMS 396 6.10 OSMOTICALLY CONTROLLED
SYSTEMS 400 SUGGESTED READINGS 407 PROBLEMS 407 CHAPTER 7 POLYMER
SCIENCE 409 7.1 CLASSIFICATION OF POLYMERS 409 7.2 MOLECULAR WEIGHT AND
MOLECULAR WEIGHT DISTRIBUTION OF POLYMERS 414 7.3 CHARACTERIZATION OF
POLYMERS 416 7.3.1 VISCOSITY METHOD 416 7.3.2 OSMOMETRY 420 7.3.3 LIGHT
SCATTERING 422 7.3.4 SIZE EXCLUSION CHROMATOGRAPHY (SEC) 425 7.3.4.1
EFFECTIVE LINEAR CALIBRATION METHOD WITHOUT PEAK BROADENING CORRECTION
429 7.3.4.2 EFFECTIVE LINEAR CALIBRATION METHOD WITH PEAK BROADENING
CORRECTION 431 7.3.4.3 UNIVERSAL CALIBRATION METHOD 432 7.3.4.4 MULTIPLE
DETECTOR SYSTEM (E.G., CONCENTRATION AND LIGHT-SCATTERING DETECTORS) 434
7.4 POLYMER SYNTHESIS 435 7.4.1 ADDITION HOMO-POLYMERIZATION
(FREE-RADICAL HOMO-POLYMERIZATION) 435 7.4.1.1 POLYVINYLPYRROLIDONE
(PVP) AND ITS COPOLYMERS 443 7.4.1.2 POLYVINYLACETATE AND ITS
DERIVATIVES 444 7.4.1.3 POLYVINYLCHLORIDE (PVC) 445 7.4.1.4
POLYISOBUTYLENE (PIB) 445 7.4.2 FREE-RADICAL COPOLYMERIZATION 446
7.4.2.1 EUDRAGIT AND KOLLICOAT SERIES: 453 7.4.2.2 ION EXCHANGE RESINS
455 7.4.2.3 CARBOPOL OR CARBOMER 456 7.4.2.4 POLY(ETHYLENE-CO-VINYL
ACETATE) (PEVAC) 457 7.4.2.5 POLY(VINYL ALCOHOL-GRAFTED-ETHYLENE GLYCOL)
(KOLLICOAT, IR) 458 7.4.3 STEP POLYMERIZATION (CONDENSATION
POLYMERIZATION) 458 7.4.3.1 ACID-CATALYZED ESTERIFICATION POLYMERIZATION
OFA-AANDB-B 459 7.4.3.2 SELF-CATALYZED CONDENSATION POLYMERIZATION 460
7.4.3.3 MOLECULAR WEIGHT CONTROL 462 7.4.3.4 POLYANHYDRIDES 464 7.4.3.5
POLY(ORTHOESTERS) 467 7.4.3.6 POLY(AMINO ACIDS) 469 7.4.3.7 SILICONE
POLYMERS 470 7.4.4 RING-OPENING POLYMERIZATION 473 7.4.4.1 POLYLACTIC
ACID, POLYGLYCOLIC ACID, AND POLYCAPROLACTONE 473 7.4.4.2 POLYETHYLENE
GLYCOL (PEG), POLYETHYLENE OXIDE (PEO), AND BLOCK COPOLYMERS OF ETHYLENE
OXIDE AND PROPYLENE OXIDE (PEOPO) 475 7.4.4.3 POLYPHOSPHAZENE (PPP) 479
7.5 NATURAL POLYMERS AND THEIR MODIFICATION 480 7.5.1 CELLULOSE 480
7.5.2 CELLULOSE DERIVATIVES 481 7.5.3 CHITOSAN 484 7.5.4 POLYSACCHARIDES
486 7.5.5 GELATIN 489 SUGGESTED READINGS 490 INDEX -. 491
|
| adam_txt |
ADVANCED PHARMACEUTICS PHYSICOCHEMICAL PRINCIPLES CHERNG-JU KIM CRC
PRESS BOCA RATON LONDON NEW YORK WASHINGTON, D.C. CONTENTS CHAPTER 1
THERMODYNAMICS 1 1.1 IDEAL GASES.' 1 1.2 REAL GASES 4 1.3
THERMODYNAMICS 6 1.3.1 THE FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS 6 1.3.2 ENTHALPY
(HEAT CONTENT) AND HEAT CAPACITY 10 1.3.3 THERMOCHEMISTRY 12 1.3.4 HEAT
ENGINE AND THE CARNOT CYCLE 16 1.3.5 THE SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS
AND ENTROPY 19 1.3.6 THE THIRD LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS 22 1.4 FREE ENERGY
23 1.4.1 FREE ENERGY FUNCTIONS 24 1.4.2 FUNDAMENTAL EQUATIONS OF
THERMODYNAMICS AND THEIR USES 27 1.4.3 FREE ENERGY OF FORMATION AND
STANDARD FREE ENERGY CHANGE 30 1.4.4 FREE ENERGY AND CHEMICAL
EQUILIBRIUM 33 1.4.5 THE THERMODYNAMICS OF MIXING 39 SUGGESTED READINGS
42 PROBLEMS 42 CHAPTER 2 IONIC EQUILIBRIUM 45 2.1 STRONG ACIDS AND
STRONG BASES 45 2.1.1 PH OF THE SOLUTION OF A STRONG ACID OR STRONG BASE
45 2.1.2 TITRATION CURVE OF A STRONG BASE WITH A STRONG ACID 46 2.2
MONOPROTIC WEAK ACIDS AND WEAK BASES 48 2.2.1 PH OF THE SOLUTION OF A
MONOPROTIC WEAK ACID OR WEAK BASE 48 2.2.2 TITRATION CURVE OF A WEAK
ACID WITH A STRONG BASE 53 2.2.3 PH OF THE SOLUTION OF SALTS OF WEAK
ACIDS OR WEAK BASES 55 2.2.4 PH OF THE SOLUTION OF A MIXTURE OF
CONJUGATE ACIDS AND BASES: HENDERSON-HASSELBALCH EQUATION 58 2.2.5
BUFFER SOLUTIONS AND BUFFER CAPACITY 65 2.2.6 EFFECT OF IONIC STRENGTH
ON BUFFERS 69 2.2.7 SOLUBILITY OF WEAK ELECTROLYTES AND AMPHOLYTES 75
2.3 POLYPROTIC WEAK ACIDS AND WEAK BASES 79 2.3.1 PH OF THE SOLUTION OF
A DIPROTIC WEAK ACID, WEAK BASE, OR AMPHOLYTE 79 2.3.2 PH OF THE
SOLUTION OF A TRIPROTIC WEAK ACID, WEAK BASE, OR POLYPROTIC AMINO ACID
86 2.3.3 TITRATION CURVES OF A POLYPROTIC WEAK ACID, WEAK BASE, OR
POLYAMPHOLYTE 99 2.3.4 BUFFER CAPACITY OF A BUFFER SOLUTION CONTAINING A
POLYPROTIC WEAK ACID OR WEAK BASE AND ITS CONJUGATE BASE OR ACID 102 2.4
SPARINGLY SOLUBLE SALTS 104 2.4.1 SOLUBILITY PRODUCT CONSTANT AND
SOLUBILITY OF SPARINGLY SOLUBLE SALTS 104 2.4.2 SOLUBILITY OF SPARINGLY
SOLUBLE SALTS OF WEAK ACIDS OR WEAK BASES 105 2.4.3 EFFECT OF IONIC
STRENGTH ON SOLUBILITY OF SPARINGLY SOLUBLE SALTS '. 108 SUGGESTED
READINGS 110 PROBLEMS ILL CHAPTER 3 SOLUTIONS AND DISTRIBUTION 113 3.1
SOLUTIONS OF SOLIDS AND NONVOLATILE LIQUIDS IN LIQUIDS 113 .1 IDEAL
SOLUTIONS 113 .2 NONIDEAL SOLUTIONS AND THE SOLUBILITY PARAMETER 116 .3
INTERMOLECULAR AND INTRAMOLECULAR INTERACTIONS BETWEEN MOLECULES 122 .4
PREDICTION OF SOLUBILITY 128 .5 SOLUBILIZATION OF WEAK ACIDS OR WEAK
BASES IN COSOLVENT SYSTEMS 132 3.1.6 DISSOLUTION KINETICS OF SOLIDS IN
LIQUIDS 135 3.2 SOLUTIONS OF VOLATILE LIQUIDS IN LIQUIDS 139 3.2.1
RAOULT'S LAW 139 3.2.2 TWO-COMPONENT LIQUID SYSTEMS 141 3.2.3
THREE-COMPONENT LIQUID SYSTEMS 144 3.3 SOLUTIONS OF GASES IN LIQUIDS
(HENRY'S LAW) 145 3.4 COLLIGATIVE PROPERTIES 148 3.4.1 FREEZING POINT
DEPRESSION AND BOILING POINT ELEVATION 148 3.4.2 OSMOTIC PRESSURE 152
3.4.3 VAPOR PRESSURE LOWERING 154 3.4.4 ISOTONIC SOLUTIONS 155 3.4.4.1
FREEZING POINT METHOD 155 3.4.4.2 NACL EQUIVALENT METHOD 157 3.5
DISTRIBUTION LAW (PARTITION COEFFICIENT) 158 3.5.1 NONDISSOCIATED AND
NONASSOCIATED SYSTEMS 158 3.5.2 ASSOCIATION OF A SOLUTE IN ONE PHASE 160
3.5.3 DISSOCIATION IN AQUEOUS PHASE AND ASSOCIATION IN OIL PHASE 161
3.5.4 DISTRIBUTION AND SOLUBILIZATION OF WEAK ACIDS OR WEAK BASES IN
MICELLES AND THE AQUEOUS PHASE : 166 3.5.5 DISTRIBUTION AND
SOLUBILIZATION OF DRUG CHEMICALS BY INCLUSION COMPLEX FORMATION 169
3.5.6 DISTRIBUTION OF DRUGS IN PROTEINS (PROTEIN BINDING) 178 SUGGESTED
READINGS 188 PROBLEMS 189 CHAPTER 4 SURFACE CHEMISTRY AND COLLOIDS 193
4.1 ADSORPTION FROM SOLUTIONS 193 4.1.1 ADSORPTION PROCESSES 193 4.1.2
ADSORPTION ISOTHERMS 194 4.1.2.1 LANGMUIR ISOTHERM 194 .2.2 FREUNDLICH
ISOTHERM 195 .2.3 BET ISOTHERM 198 .2.4 COMPETITIVE ADSORPTION 201 4.1.3
FACTORS AFFECTING ADSORPTION 205 .3.1 NATURE OF THE ADSORBENT 205 .3.2
NATURE OF THE ADSORBATE 206 4.1.3.3 PH 206 4.1.3.4 TEMPERATURE 207 4.2
LIQUID-LIQUID SYSTEMS (EMULSIONS) 207 4.2.1 LIQUID-LIQUID INTERFACIAL
TENSION 208 4.2.2 ADSORPTION OF SURFACTANTS AT INTERFACES 210 4.2.3
SURFACTANTS AND THEORY OF EMULSIFICATION 214 4.2.3.1 SURFACE-ACTIVE
MATERIALS 214 4.2.3.2 NATURALLY OCCURRING AND SEMISYNTHETIC MATERIALS
218 4.2.3.3 FINELY DIVIDED SOLIDS 218 4.2.4 TYPE OF EMULSION AND HLB
SYSTEM 219 4.2.5 INSTABILITY OF EMULSIONS 225 4.2.6 MICELLIZATION AND
SOLUBILIZATION 226 4.2.7 MICROEMULSIONS 230 4.3 SOLID-LIQUID SYSTEMS
(SUSPENSIONS) 231 4.3.1 WETTING AND WETTING AGENTS 231 4.3.1.1
SURFACTANTS 235 4.3.1.2 HYDROCOLLOIDS 236 4.3.1.3 SOLVENTS 237 4.3.2
ELECTRICAL DOUBLE LAYER AND STABILIZATION OF COLLOIDAL PARTICLES 238
4.3.2.1 THE ELECTRIC DOUBLE LAYER 238 4.3.2.2 THE STABILIZATION AND
DESTABILIZATION OF COLLOID SYSTEMS 240 4.3.3 SEDIMENTATION OF DILUTE
SUSPENSIONS 246 4.3.4 PREVENTION OF CAKE FORMATION 252 SUGGESTED
READINGS 254 PROBLEMS 255 CHAPTERS KINETICS 257 5.1 PATHWAYS OF DRUG
DEGRADATION 257 5.1.1 HYDROLYSIS 257 5.1.2 OXIDATION 259 5.1.3
PHOTOLYSIS 259 5.2 SINGLE AND MULTIPLE REACTIONS, ELEMENTARY REACTIONS,
MOLECULARITY, AND ORDER OF REACTIONS 260 5.3 IRREVERSIBLE REACTIONS 262
5.3.1 ZERO-ORDER REACTIONS 262 5.3.2 FIRST-ORDER REACTIONS 263 5.3.3
APPARENT ZERO-ORDER REACTIONS 265 5.3.4 SECOND-ORDER REACTIONS 267 5.4
DETERMINATION OF THE ORDER OF REACTION AND ITS RATE CONSTANT 270 5.4.1
DIFFERENTIATION METHOD 270 5.4.2 INTEGRATION METHOD 272 5.5 OTHER
IRREVERSIBLE REACTIONS 277 5.5.1 AUTOCATALYTIC REACTIONS 277 5.5.2
PARALLEL REACTIONS 280 5.5.3 CONSECUTIVE REACTIONS 282 5.6 REVERSIBLE
REACTIONS 285 5.6.1 REVERSIBLE FIRST-ORDER REACTIONS 285 5.6.2
REVERSIBLE SECOND-ORDER REACTIONS 288 5.7 REVERSIBLE AND SERIES
REACTIONS (EIGENVALUE METHOD) 290 5.8 USE OF LAPLACE TRANSFORM FOR
DIFFERENTIAL RATE EQUATIONS 296 5.8.1 DEFINITIONS AND PROPERTIES 296
5.8.2 APPLICATIONS OF LAPLACE TRANSFORMS FOR DRUG DEGRADATION AND
BIOTRANSFORMATION 297 5.9 ENZYME-SUBSTRATE REACTIONS 302 5.9.1
ENZYME-SUBSTRATE REACTIONS WITHOUT INHIBITION 302 5.9.2 ENZYME-SUBSTRATE
REACTION WITH INHIBITION 306 5.10 ACID-BASE CATALYZED DEGRADATION
KINETICS 311 5.10.1 ACID-BASE CATALYZED HYDROLYSIS OF NEUTRAL CHEMICALS
311 5.10.2 ACID-BASE CATALYZED HYDROLYSIS OF POLYPROTIC WEAK ACIDS AND
WEAK BASES 314 5.11 OXIDATION (FREE RADICAL REACTION) 322 5.12
DEGRADATION KINETICS IN INCLUSION COMPLEXES, MICELLES, AND LIPOSOMES 325
5.13 TEMPERATURE EFFECTS ON THE REACTION RATE CONSTANTS 329 SUGGESTED
READINGS 335 PROBLEMS 336 CHAPTER 6 DIFFUSION 341 6.1 DIFFUSION 341
6.1.1 TRANSPORT PROCESSES 341 6.1.2 DIFFUSION COEFFICIENTS 346 6.2
DIFFUSION THROUGH A MEMBRANE 351 6.2.1 UNSTEADY-STATE DIFFUSION THROUGH
A MEMBRANE 351 6.2.2 STEADY-STATE DIFFUSION THROUGH A MEMBRANE 356
6.2.2.1 CONSTANT ACTIVITY RESERVOIR SYSTEMS 356 6.2.2.2 NONCONSTANT
ACTIVITY RESERVOIR SYSTEMS 357 6.2.3 MULTILAYER MEMBRANE DEVICES 360 6.3
DIFFUSION IN A MONOLITHIC MATRIX 362 6.3.1 DISSOLVED DRUG IN POLYMERIC
DRUG CARRIERS 362 6.3.2 DISPERSED DRUG IN POLYMERIC DRUG CARRIERS 367
6.4 DIFFUSION IN A MEMBRANE-MATRIX SYSTEM 374 6.5 DIFFUSION DURING THE
SWELLING OF A MATRIX 377 6.6 DIFFUSION IN MATRIX EROSION/DEGRADATION 382
6.6.1 HOMOGENEOUS EROSION/DEGRADATION 382 6.6.2 HETEROGENEOUS
EROSION/DEGRADATION 385 6.7 DIFFUSION IN A MATRIX SWELLING/EROSION 388
6.8 DIFFUSION WITH CHEMICAL REACTION IN A MEMBRANE 392 6.9 SURFACE AREA
AND CONCENTRATION GRADIENT SYSTEMS 396 6.10 OSMOTICALLY CONTROLLED
SYSTEMS 400 SUGGESTED READINGS 407 PROBLEMS 407 CHAPTER 7 POLYMER
SCIENCE 409 7.1 CLASSIFICATION OF POLYMERS 409 7.2 MOLECULAR WEIGHT AND
MOLECULAR WEIGHT DISTRIBUTION OF POLYMERS 414 7.3 CHARACTERIZATION OF
POLYMERS 416 7.3.1 VISCOSITY METHOD 416 7.3.2 OSMOMETRY 420 7.3.3 LIGHT
SCATTERING 422 7.3.4 SIZE EXCLUSION CHROMATOGRAPHY (SEC) 425 7.3.4.1
EFFECTIVE LINEAR CALIBRATION METHOD WITHOUT PEAK BROADENING CORRECTION
429 7.3.4.2 EFFECTIVE LINEAR CALIBRATION METHOD WITH PEAK BROADENING
CORRECTION 431 7.3.4.3 UNIVERSAL CALIBRATION METHOD 432 7.3.4.4 MULTIPLE
DETECTOR SYSTEM (E.G., CONCENTRATION AND LIGHT-SCATTERING DETECTORS) 434
7.4 POLYMER SYNTHESIS 435 7.4.1 ADDITION HOMO-POLYMERIZATION
(FREE-RADICAL HOMO-POLYMERIZATION) 435 7.4.1.1 POLYVINYLPYRROLIDONE
(PVP) AND ITS COPOLYMERS 443 7.4.1.2 POLYVINYLACETATE AND ITS
DERIVATIVES 444 7.4.1.3 POLYVINYLCHLORIDE (PVC) 445 7.4.1.4
POLYISOBUTYLENE (PIB) 445 7.4.2 FREE-RADICAL COPOLYMERIZATION 446
7.4.2.1 EUDRAGIT AND KOLLICOAT SERIES: 453 7.4.2.2 ION EXCHANGE RESINS
455 7.4.2.3 CARBOPOL OR CARBOMER 456 7.4.2.4 POLY(ETHYLENE-CO-VINYL
ACETATE) (PEVAC) 457 7.4.2.5 POLY(VINYL ALCOHOL-GRAFTED-ETHYLENE GLYCOL)
(KOLLICOAT, IR) 458 7.4.3 STEP POLYMERIZATION (CONDENSATION
POLYMERIZATION) 458 7.4.3.1 ACID-CATALYZED ESTERIFICATION POLYMERIZATION
OFA-AANDB-B 459 7.4.3.2 SELF-CATALYZED CONDENSATION POLYMERIZATION 460
7.4.3.3 MOLECULAR WEIGHT CONTROL 462 7.4.3.4 POLYANHYDRIDES 464 7.4.3.5
POLY(ORTHOESTERS) 467 7.4.3.6 POLY(AMINO ACIDS) 469 7.4.3.7 SILICONE
POLYMERS 470 7.4.4 RING-OPENING POLYMERIZATION 473 7.4.4.1 POLYLACTIC
ACID, POLYGLYCOLIC ACID, AND POLYCAPROLACTONE 473 7.4.4.2 POLYETHYLENE
GLYCOL (PEG), POLYETHYLENE OXIDE (PEO), AND BLOCK COPOLYMERS OF ETHYLENE
OXIDE AND PROPYLENE OXIDE (PEOPO) 475 7.4.4.3 POLYPHOSPHAZENE (PPP) 479
7.5 NATURAL POLYMERS AND THEIR MODIFICATION 480 7.5.1 CELLULOSE 480
7.5.2 CELLULOSE DERIVATIVES 481 7.5.3 CHITOSAN 484 7.5.4 POLYSACCHARIDES
486 7.5.5 GELATIN 489 SUGGESTED READINGS 490 INDEX -. 491 |
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| author | Kim, Cherng-ju |
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| bvnumber | BV021313827 |
| callnumber-first | R - Medicine |
| callnumber-label | RS200 |
| callnumber-raw | RS200 |
| callnumber-search | RS200 |
| callnumber-sort | RS 3200 |
| callnumber-subject | RS - Pharmacy |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)53231840 (DE-599)BVBBV021313827 |
| dewey-full | 615/.4 |
| dewey-hundreds | 600 - Technology (Applied sciences) |
| dewey-ones | 615 - Pharmacology and therapeutics |
| dewey-raw | 615/.4 |
| dewey-search | 615/.4 |
| dewey-sort | 3615 14 |
| dewey-tens | 610 - Medicine and health |
| discipline | Medizin |
| discipline_str_mv | Medizin |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV021313827 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T13:56:48Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T20:35:26Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0849317290 |
| language | English |
| lccn | 2003066753 |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-014634337 |
| oclc_num | 53231840 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-19 DE-BY-UBM |
| owner_facet | DE-19 DE-BY-UBM |
| physical | 498 p. Ill., graph. Darst. 24 cm |
| publishDate | 2004 |
| publishDateSearch | 2004 |
| publishDateSort | 2004 |
| publisher | CRC Press |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Kim, Cherng-ju Verfasser aut Advanced pharmaceutics physicochemical principles Cherng-Ju Kim Boca Raton, Fla. CRC Press 2004 498 p. Ill., graph. Darst. 24 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes index. Médicaments - Formes pharmaceutiques Pharmacie Techniques pharmaceutiques aDrugs xDosage forms aPharmacy aPharmaceutical technology GBV Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=014634337&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Kim, Cherng-ju Advanced pharmaceutics physicochemical principles Médicaments - Formes pharmaceutiques Pharmacie Techniques pharmaceutiques aDrugs xDosage forms aPharmacy aPharmaceutical technology |
| title | Advanced pharmaceutics physicochemical principles |
| title_auth | Advanced pharmaceutics physicochemical principles |
| title_exact_search | Advanced pharmaceutics physicochemical principles |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Advanced pharmaceutics physicochemical principles |
| title_full | Advanced pharmaceutics physicochemical principles Cherng-Ju Kim |
| title_fullStr | Advanced pharmaceutics physicochemical principles Cherng-Ju Kim |
| title_full_unstemmed | Advanced pharmaceutics physicochemical principles Cherng-Ju Kim |
| title_short | Advanced pharmaceutics |
| title_sort | advanced pharmaceutics physicochemical principles |
| title_sub | physicochemical principles |
| topic | Médicaments - Formes pharmaceutiques Pharmacie Techniques pharmaceutiques aDrugs xDosage forms aPharmacy aPharmaceutical technology |
| topic_facet | Médicaments - Formes pharmaceutiques Pharmacie Techniques pharmaceutiques aDrugs xDosage forms aPharmacy aPharmaceutical technology |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=014634337&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kimcherngju advancedpharmaceuticsphysicochemicalprinciples |