Oculoplastics and orbit: 20 tables
Gespeichert in:
| Weitere Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Berlin [u.a.]
Springer
2006
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Essentials in ophthalmology
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Literaturangaben |
| Beschreibung: | XVII, 255 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 3540225994 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Oculoplastics and orbit |b 20 tables |c eds. Rudolf Guthoff ... |
| 264 | 1 | |a Berlin [u.a.] |b Springer |c 2006 | |
| 300 | |a XVII, 255 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804135106361688064 |
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| adam_text | GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS
CHAPTER 1
RISK OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE TRANSMISSION
THROUGH USE OF ALLOGRAFTS
ROBERT H. KENNEDY, C. RANDAL MILLS,
PAUL BROWN
1.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.2 REPORTS OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE
TRANSMISSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.2.1 HEPATITIS C VIRUS (HCV) . . . . . . . . . 5
1.2.2 HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS
(HIV) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1.2.3 OTHER CONVENTIONAL INFECTIOUS
DISEASES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.2.4 CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB DISEASE (CJD) . . 8
1.3 SOURCES OF RISK
FOR ALLOGRAFT CONTAMINATION . . . . . . 9
1.3.1 LIVING DONORS
AND CADAVERIC TISSUE . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1.3.2 DONOR SCREENING AND TESTING . . . . . 11
1.3.3 ASEPTIC PROCESSING
OF DONOR TISSUE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1.4 ESTIMATED RISK
OF ALLOGRAFT CONTAMINATION . . . . . . . 14
1.4.1 HIV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
1.4.2 HCV AND HBV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
1.5 HUMAN ERROR IN DONOR SCREENING
AND TESTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
1.6 CONCLUSIONS
AND RECOMMENDATIONS . . . . . . . . . . 16
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
ONCOLOGY
CHAPTER 2
CURRENT CONCEPTS IN THE MANAGEMENT
OF CONJUNCTIVAL NEOPLASMS
CAROL L. SHIELDS, JERRY A. SHIELDS
2.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
2.2 CONJUNCTIVAL ANATOMY . . . . . . . . . . . 21
2.3 DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES . . . . . . . . . . . 22
2.4 MANAGEMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
2.5 DIAGNOSTIC CATEGORIES
OF CONJUNCTIVAL TUMORS . . . . . . . . . . 25
2.6 PAPILLOMA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
2.7 OCULAR SURFACE SQUAMOUS NEOPLASIA
(OSSN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
2.7.1 CONJUNCTIVAL INTRAEPITHELIAL
NEOPLASIA (CIN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
2.7.2 SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA . . . . . . . 27
2.8 NEVUS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
2.9 PRIMARY ACQUIRED MELANOSIS
(PAM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
2.10 MALIGNANT MELANOMA . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
2.11 LYMPHOID TUMORS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
2.12 CARUNCULAR TUMORS . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
CONTENTS
CHAPTER 3
SENTINEL LYMPH NODE BIOPSY
FOR CONJUNCTIVAL AND EYELID MALIGNANCIES
DOMINICK GOLIO, BITA ESMAELI
3.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
3.2 HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE AND RATIONALE
FOR SENTINEL LYMPH NODE BIOPSY . . 38
3.3 SENTINEL LYMPH NODE BIOPSY
FOR CONJUNCTIVAL
AND EYELID TUMORS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
3.3.1 PATIENT SELECTION AND INDICATIONS . . 40
3.3.2 ANATOMIC CONSIDERATIONS . . . . . . . . 40
3.3.3 TECHNICAL CONSIDERATIONS . . . . . . . . . 40
3.3.4 HISTOPATHOLOGIC ANALYSIS
OF SENTINEL LYMPH NODES . . . . . . . . . 43
3.3.5 LYMPHATIC BASINS AT RISK . . . . . . . . . 44
3.4 CARE OF PATIENTS WITH A
POSITIVE SENTINEL LYMPH NODE . . . . 44
3.4.1 POTENTIAL COMPLICATIONS
AND LIMITATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
3.5 CONCLUSIONS
AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . 46
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
LACRIMAL
SURGERY
CHAPTER 4
THE APPARENT PARADOX OF *SUCCESS*
IN LACRIMAL DRAINAGE SURGERY
GEOFFREY E. ROSE
4.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
4.2 THE *LACRIMAL PARADOX*
AND THE DICHOTOMY
OF LACRIMAL CHARACTERISTICS . . . . . . . 52
4.3 THE THREE-COMPARTMENT MODEL
OF LACRIMAL DRAINAGE . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
4.4 OSTEOTOMY SIZE AND THE SOFT-TISSUE
ANASTOMOSIS AFTER
DACRYOCYSTORHINOSTOMY . . . . . . . . . 57
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
CHAPTER 5
MICROSURGERY OF THE LACRIMAL SYSTEM:
MICROENDOSCOPIC TECHNIQUES
KARL-HEINZ EMMERICH,
HANS-WERNER MEYER-RUESENBERG
5.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
5.2 DACRYOENDOSCOPY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
5.2.1 TECHNICAL EQUIPMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
5.2.2 PERFORMING ENDOSCOPY . . . . . . . . . . 64
5.2.3 TRANSCANALICULAR ENDOSCOPIC
PROCEDURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
5.3 CONCLUSIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
CITATION AND REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
CHAPTER 6
TE C HNIQUES IN ENDONASAL
DACRYOCYSTORHINOSTOMY
PETER J. DOLMAN
6.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
6.2 HISTORY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
6.3 PREOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS . . . . . . 72
6.3.1 CLINICAL ASSESSMENT OF EPIPHORA . . 72
6.3.2 INDICATIONS FOR SURGERY . . . . . . . . . . 72
6.3.3 SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS
IN ENDONASAL DCRS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
6.4 PERIOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS . . . . . 73
6.4.1 HEMOSTASIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
6.4.2 ANESTHESIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
6.4.3 ANTIBIOTICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
6.4.4 SET-UP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
6.5 OPERATIVE TECHNIQUES . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
6.5.1 ILLUMINATION SOURCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
6.5.2 VIEWING SYSTEMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
6.5.3 FORMATION OF THE OSTEOTOMY . . . . . . 75
6.5.4 FENESTRATING THE LACRIMAL SAC . . . . . 77
6.5.5 MITOMYCIN-C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
6.5.6 STENTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
6.6 POSTOPERATIVE CARE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
6.7 EN-DCR FOR SPECIFIC CONDITIONS . . 78
6.7.1 PEDIATRIC EN-DCR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
6.7.2 EN-DCR
WITH CANALICULAR STENOSIS . . . . . . . . 79
6.8 COMPLICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
6.9 COMPARISON OF EN-DCR
AND EX-DCR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
6.10 TRANSITION TO EN-DCR . . . . . . . . . . . 80
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
X
CONTENTS
CHAPTER 7
MONOCANALICULAR LACRIMAL PATHWAY INTUBATION
WITH
A STABLE PUNCTAL ATTACHMENT
BRUNO FAYET, JEAN-MARC RUBAN
7.1 INT RO DU C T I ON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
7.2 D ESCRIPTION AND FITTING
FOR MONOCANALICULAR STENTING:
THE MONO-KA
DEVICE . . . . . . . . . . . 83
7.2.1 DESCRIPTION OF THE SUPERIOR
FIXATION DEVICE (SFD) . . . . . . . . . . . 83
7.2.2 MONOCANALICULAR INTUBATION:
TE C H N I Q U E F O R INSERTION . . . . . . . . . . 84
7.2.3 LIMITATIONS
OF THE MONO-KA
DEVICE . . . . . . . . . 84
7.2.4 INDICATIONS AND CONTRAINDICATIONS
FOR THE MONO-KA
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
7.2.5 CAUTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
7.3 T HE MINI-MONO-KA
DEVICE . . . . . . 84
7.4 SUPE R V IS I ON AND REMOVAL
OF THE MONO-KA
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
7.5 C OMPLICAT I ONS .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
7.5.1 COMPLICATIONS RELATED
TO THE INSERTION OF THE MONO-KA
. . 85
7.6 UNDES IR ABL E SIDE EFFECTS
OF THE MONO-KA
AFTER PLACEMENT
IN THE LACRIMAL PATHWAYS . . . . . . . . . 86
7.6.1 DYEING OF THE SILICONE . . . . . . . . . . . 86
7.6.2 ITCHING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
7.6.3 IMPERMEABILITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
7.7 L ATE C OMPLICAT IONS
OF THE MONO-KA
AFTER INSERTION
IN THE LACRIMAL DRAINAGE PATHWAY . 87
7.7.1 E X TE R NA LIZATION OR EXTRUSION . . . . . . 87
7.7.2INT
RACANALICULAR
MIGRATION . . . . . . . 87
7.8 PRE VE NT I ON OF INTRACANALICULAR
MIGRATION OF THE MONO-KA
. . . . . . . 87
7.9 C OMPLICAT I ONS
OF THE MINI- MONO-KA
DEVICE . . . . 88
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
GRAVES* OPHTHALMOPATHY
CHAPTER 8
THE ROLE OF ORBITAL RADIOTHERAPY
IN THE MANAGEMENT
OF THYROID RELATED ORBITOPATHY
MICHAEL KAZIM
8.1 INTRODUCTION:
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND . . . . . . . . . . . 91
8.2 BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF RADIOTHERAPY . 93
8.3 SAFETY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
8.4 PRE-TREATMENT ANALYSIS . . . . . . . . . . 94
8.4.1 10- VS. 20-GY DOSE TREATMENT . . . . . 94
8.5 RECOMMENDATIONS
AND FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS . . . . . . . . 94
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
CHAPTER 9
BONY ORBITAL DECOMPRESSION TECHNIQUES
K.E. MORGENSTERN, PAUL PROFFER,
JILL A. FOSTER
9.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
9.2 HISTORY OF BONY DECOMPRESSION . . . 98
9.3 INDICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
9.4 CHARACTERIZING DECOMPRESSIVE
SURGERY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
9.5 SURGICAL APPROACH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
9.6 BONY DECOMPRESSION TECHNIQUES . . 100
9.6.1 ANTERIOR AND POSTERIOR LATERAL
WA L L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
9.6.2 MEDIAL WALL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
9.6.3 FLOOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
9.6.4 ROOF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
9.7 ALTERNATIVE APPROACHES
TO ORBITAL DECOMPRESSION . . . . . . . . 104
9.7.1 TRANSANTRAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
9.7.2 ENDOSCOPIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
9.7.3 ORBITAL FAT DECOMPRESSION. . . . . . . . 106
9.7.4 POTENTIAL COMPLICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . 106
9.8 CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
CONTENTS
XI
CHAPTER 10
ORBITAL DECOMPRESSION USING
FAT REMOVAL ORBITAL DECOMPRESSION
JEAN-PAUL ADENIS, PIERRE-YVES ROBERT
10.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
10.2 DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
10.2.1 THE UPPER EYELID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
10.2.2 THE LOWER EYELID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
10.2.3 THE VOLUME OF RESECTION . . . . . . . . . 113
10.2.4 TREATMENT PROGRAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
10.3 OUR EXPERIENCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
10.3.1 PATIENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
10.3.2 SURGICAL PROCEDURE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
10.3.3 CLINICAL DATA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
10.3.4 STATISTICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
10.4 RESULTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
10.4.1 PROPTOSIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
10.4.2 VISUAL FIELD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
10.4.3 INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
10.4.4 VOLUME OF EXCISED FAT. . . . . . . . . . . . 116
10.4.5 DIPLOPIA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
10.5 DISCUSSION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
10.5.1 TYPES OF BONE REMOVAL
ORBITAL DECOMPRESSION
(BROD) PERFORMED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
10.5.2 FROD OR BROD? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
10.6 CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
ESTHETIC AND LID SURGERY
CHAPTER 11
UPDATE ON UPPER LID BLEPHAROPLASTY
MARKUS J. PFEIFFER
11.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
11.2 SURGICAL ANATOMY OF THE UPPER LID
AND UPPER ORBIT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
11.2.1 RELATIONSHIP OF APERTURE PLANE,
LID CREASE AND SKIN FOLD . . . . . . . . . 124
11.2.2 THE APERTURE PLANE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
11.2.3 THE UPPER LID CREASE . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
11.2.4 THE SKIN FOLD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
11.2.5 THE EYELID SKIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
11.2.6 THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE ANTERIOR
AND THE POSTERIOR LID LAMELLA . . . . . 126
11.2.7 THE PRETARSAL ORBICULARIS MUSCLE . . 126
11.2.8 THE PRESEPTAL ORBICULARIS MUSCLE . . 127
11.2.9 THE ORBITAL PART
OF THE ORBICULARIS MUSCLE . . . . . . . . 127
11.2.10 THE SUBORBICULARIS OCULI FAT
(SOOF) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
11.2.11 THE ORBITAL SEPTUM . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
11.2.12 THE ORBITAL FAT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
11.2.13 THE EYEBROW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
11.2.14 THE FRONTALIS MUSCLE
AND ITS ANTAGONISTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
11.2.15 THE POSTERIOR LID LAMELLA . . . . . . . . 130
11.3 THE PREOPERATIVE EVALUATION
AND SURGICAL PLANNING . . . . . . . . . . . 130
11.3.1 THE PATIENT*S EXPECTATION . . . . . . . . 130
11.3.2 THE EVALUATION
OF THE LID CREASE SYMMETRY . . . . . . 131
11.3.3 PREOPERATIVE EXAMINATION . . . . . . . . 131
11.3.4 DIFFERENTIATION OF SIMPLE
AND COMPLICATED CASES . . . . . . . . . . 132
11.3.5 PLANNING BLEPHAROPLASTY ACCORDING
TO THE TYPOLOGY OF CASES . . . . . . . . . 132
11.4 SURGICAL TECHNIQUE
OF THE MOST FREQUENT TYPES
OF UPPER LID BLEPHAROPLASTY . . . . . . 134
11.4.1 MARKING THE OUTLINES OF INCISIONS . 134
11.4.2 LOCAL ANAESTESIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
11.4.3 SKIN INCISION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
11.4.4 SKIN EXCISION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
11.4.5 ORBICULARIS SEPARATION . . . . . . . . . . . 135
11.4.6 ORBICULARIS EXCISION . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
11.4.7 IDENTIFICATION OF THE SEPTUM . . . . . . 135
11.4.8 DISSECTION OF THE SEPTUM . . . . . . . . . 136
11.4.9 MANAGEMENT
OF THE PREAPONEUROTIC FAT . . . . . . . . 136
11.4.10 MANAGEMENT
OF THE INTERMEDIAL ORBITAL FAT . . . . . 136
11.4.11 EXPOSURE
OF THE MEDIAL ORBITAL FAT . . . . . . . . . 136
11.4.12 RESECTION
OF THE MEDIAL ORBITAL FAT . . . . . . . . . 137
11.4.13 RESECTION
OF THE MEDIAL SUBCUTANEOUS FAT . . . 137
11.4.14 SOOF RESECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
11.4.15 SUTURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
11.4.16 LASER BLEPHAROPLASTY . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
11.5 COMPLICATIONS IN UPPER LID
BLEPHAROPLASTY: PREVENTION
AND MANAGEMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
11.5.1 UNDERCORRECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
11.5.2 OVERCORRECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
11.5.3 EXCESSIVE SKIN RESECTION . . . . . . . . . 139
XII
CONTENTS
11.5.4 EXCESSIVE ORBICULARIS MUSCLE
RESECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
11.5.5 EXCESSIVE SOOF RESECTION . . . . . . . . 140
11.5.6 EXCESSIVE RESECTION
OF PREAPONEUROTIC FAT . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
11.5.7 EXCESSIVE RESECTION
OF MEDIAL ORBITAL FAT . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
11.5.8 ASYMMETRY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
11.5.9 DOUBLE SKIN FOLD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
11.5.10 POSTERIOR LAMELLA LACERATIONS . . . . 141
11.5.11 FAILURE TO CORRECT ASSOCIATED
PATHOLOGY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
11.5.12 HEMORRHAGE, EDEMA
AND SCAR FORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
CHAPTER 12
UPDATE ON LASERS IN OCULOPLASTIC SURGERY
JULIE A. WOODWARD, AERLYN G. DAWN
12.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
12.2 INCISIONAL LASER SURGERY . . . . . . . . . 145
12.2.1 CO
2
LASER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
12.2.2 ERBIUM: YAG LASER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
12.2.3 NEODYMIUM: YAG LASER . . . . . . . . . . 149
12.3 LASER SKIN RESURFACING . . . . . . . . . . . 149
12.3.1 CO
2
LASER SKIN RESURFACING . . . . . . 151
12.3.2 ERBIUM: YAG LASER SKIN
RESURFACING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
12.3.3 COMBINED CO
2
AND ERBIUM LASER RESURFACING . . . . 153
12.3.4 NON-ABLATIVE RESURFACING . . . . . . . . 153
12.4 LASER TREATMENT
OF CUTANEOUS VASCULAR LESIONS . . . . 156
12.5 LASER TREATMENT OF TATTOOS . . . . . . . 157
12.6 LASER HAIR REMOVAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
12.7 LASER DACRYOCYSTORHINOSTOMY . . . . 158
12.7.1 HOLMIUM LASER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
12.7.2 POTASSIUM TITANYL PHOSPHATE LASER 159
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
CHAPTER 13
UPDATE ON THE ENDOSCOPIC BROW LIFT:
PEARLS AND NUANCES
BHUPENDRA C.K. PATEL
13.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
13.2 NUMBER OF SCALP INCISIONS . . . . . . . 164
13.3 SITES OF SCALP INCISIONS . . . . . . . . . . . 164
13.4 FOREHEAD DISSECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
13.5 RELEASE OF PERIOSTEUM . . . . . . . . . . . 166
13.6 WEAKENING
OF THE FOREHEAD MUSCLES . . . . . . . . . . 167
17.7 FIXATION
OF THE MOBILIZED FOREHEAD:
HOW LONG IS FIXATION NECESSARY? . . 168
13.8 METHODS OF FIXATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
13.9 SIMPLIFIED TECHNIQUE OF BONE
TUNNELING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
13.10 METHOD OF ELEVATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
13.11 BURIED SCREW AND SUTURE . . . . . . . . . 171
13.12 ENDOTINE FIXATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
13.13 CLOSURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
13.14 POSTOPERATIVE CARE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
13.15 CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
CHAPTER 14
THE SOOF LIFT IN MIDFACE RECONSTRUCTION
AND REJUVENATION
ROBERT M. SCHWARCZ, NORMAN SHORR
14.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
14.2 ANATOMY OF THE MIDFACE . . . . . . . . . . 182
14.3 AGE RELATED CHANGES
OF THE MIDFACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
14.4 PATIENT SELECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
14.5 SURGICAL TECHNIQUE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
14.5.1 TRANSCONJUNCTIVAL APPROACH . . . . . . 185
14.5.2 SUBLABIAL APPROACH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
14.5.3 CLOSED CABLE LIFT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
CHAPTER 15
FACIAL PARALYSIS: A COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH
TO CURRENT MANAGEMENT
ROBERTA E. GAUSAS
15.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
15.2 DIAGNOSIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
15.2.1 PATIENT HISTORY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
15.2.2 ANATOMY AND FUNCTION . . . . . . . . . . 193
15.3 FACIAL NERVE:
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
15.3.1 BROW COMPLEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196
15.3.2 PERIORBITAL COMPLEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196
15.3.3 MIDFACE AND PERIORAL COMPLEX . . . . 197
15.4 TREATMENT STRATEGIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
15.4.1 SUPPORTIVE CARE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
15.4.2 SURGICAL STRATEGIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199
15.5 ABERRANT REGENERATION . . . . . . . . . . 203
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
CONTENTS
XIII
CHAPTER 16
SELF-INFLATING HYDROGEL EXPANDERS
FOR THE TREATMENT
OF CONGENITAL
ANOPHTHALMOS
MICHAEL P. SCHITTKOWSKI,
JAMES A. KATOWITZ,
KARSTEN K.H. GUNDLACH,
RUDOLF F. GUTHOFF
16.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
16.1.1 CLINICAL FEATURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
16.1.2 EPIDEMIOLOGY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
16.1.3 DEFINITION OF TERMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
16.1.4 ETIOLOGY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
16.1.5 TREATMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
16.2 PATIENTS AND METHOD . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
16.2.1 OSMOTIC EXPANDERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
16.2.2 PATIENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
16.3 RESULTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
16.3.1 TREATMENT COURSE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
16.3.2 EXPANDER FAILURES/COMPLICATION . . 212
16.3.3 NUMBER OF OPERATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . 212
16.3.4 TREATMENT RESULTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
16.3.5 ACCEPTANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
16.4 DISCUSSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
16.4.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
16.4.2 PATHOGENESIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
16.4.3 EXISTING THERAPY CONCEPTS *
PROS AND CONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
CHAPTER 17
METHODS TO IMPROVE PROSTHESIS MOTILITY
IN ENUCLEATION SURGERY WITHOUT PEGGING
AND WITH EMPHASIS
ON MUSCLE PEDUNCULATED FLAPS
RUDOLF F. GUTHOFF,
MICHAEL P. SCHITTKOWSKI, ARTUR KLETT
17.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
17.2 SHORT HISTORY
OF ALLOPLASTIC IMPLANTS . . . . . . . . . . . 223
17.3 EVISCERATION/ENUCLEATION *
PROS AND CONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
17.3.1 INTRAOCULAR MALIGNANCY . . . . . . . . . . 224
17.3.2 ENDOPHTHALMITIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
17.3.3 BLIND AND PAINFUL EYE . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
17.3.4 SYMPATHETHIC OPHTHALMIA . . . . . . . . 225
17.4 ORBITAL IMPLANTS * MATERIALS,
SHAPE, IMPLANTATION TECHNIQUE . . . 225
17.4.1 NON-INTEGRATED IMPLANTS . . . . . . . . . 225
17.4.2 INTEGRATED IMPLANTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
17.5 WRAPPING MATERIALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
17.6 INDICATIONS FOR PEGGING . . . . . . . . . . 228
17.7 MOTILITY EVALUATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
17.8 STRATEGIES TO IMPROVE PROSTHESIS
MOTILITY WITHOUT PEGGING . . . . . . . . 229
17.9 SUGGESTIONS FOR AN EFFECTIVE
COMPROMISE BETWEEN ENUCLEATION
AND EVISCERATION: MUSCLE
PEDUNCULATED SCLERAL FLAPS . . . . . . . 232
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
CHAPTER 18
CURRENT MANAGEMENT
OF TRAUMATIC ENOPHTHALMOS
RICHARD C. ALLEN,
JEFFREY A. NERAD
18.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
18.1.1 ANATOMY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
18.2 ENOPHTHALMOS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
18.2.1 NON-TRAUMATIC CAUSES
OF ENOPHTHALMOS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
18.2.2 TRAUMATIC ENOPHTHALMOS . . . . . . . . 240
18.2.3 MECHANISM
OF TRAUMATIC ENOPHTHALMOS . . . . . . 240
18.2.4 FRACTURES ASSOCIATED
WITH ENOPHTHALMOS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
18.2.5 EVALUATION OF THE PATIENT
WITH TRAUMATIC ENOPHTHALMOS . . . . 242
18.3 TREATMENT
OF TRAUMATIC ENOPHTHALMOS . . . . . . 244
18.3.1 NON-SURGICAL TREATMENT
OF TRAUMATIC ENOPHTHALMOS . . . . . . 244
18.3.2 SURGICAL TREATMENT
OF TRAUMATIC ENOPHTHALMOS . . . . . . 244
18.4 ENOPHTHALMOS ASSOCIATED
WITH
THE ANOPHTHALMIC SOCKET . . . . 248
18.4.1 MECHANISM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248
18.4.2 TREATMENT
OF ENOPHTHALMOS
IN THE ANOPHTHALMIC SOCKET . . . . . . 249
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
SUBJECT INDEX
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
XIV
CONTENTS
|
| adam_txt |
GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS
CHAPTER 1
RISK OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE TRANSMISSION
THROUGH USE OF ALLOGRAFTS
ROBERT H. KENNEDY, C. RANDAL MILLS,
PAUL BROWN
1.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.2 REPORTS OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE
TRANSMISSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.2.1 HEPATITIS C VIRUS (HCV) . . . . . . . . . 5
1.2.2 HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS
(HIV) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1.2.3 OTHER CONVENTIONAL INFECTIOUS
DISEASES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.2.4 CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB DISEASE (CJD) . . 8
1.3 SOURCES OF RISK
FOR ALLOGRAFT CONTAMINATION . . . . . . 9
1.3.1 LIVING DONORS
AND CADAVERIC TISSUE . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1.3.2 DONOR SCREENING AND TESTING . . . . . 11
1.3.3 ASEPTIC PROCESSING
OF DONOR TISSUE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1.4 ESTIMATED RISK
OF ALLOGRAFT CONTAMINATION . . . . . . . 14
1.4.1 HIV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
1.4.2 HCV AND HBV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
1.5 HUMAN ERROR IN DONOR SCREENING
AND TESTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
1.6 CONCLUSIONS
AND RECOMMENDATIONS . . . . . . . . . . 16
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
ONCOLOGY
CHAPTER 2
CURRENT CONCEPTS IN THE MANAGEMENT
OF CONJUNCTIVAL NEOPLASMS
CAROL L. SHIELDS, JERRY A. SHIELDS
2.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
2.2 CONJUNCTIVAL ANATOMY . . . . . . . . . . . 21
2.3 DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES . . . . . . . . . . . 22
2.4 MANAGEMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
2.5 DIAGNOSTIC CATEGORIES
OF CONJUNCTIVAL TUMORS . . . . . . . . . . 25
2.6 PAPILLOMA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
2.7 OCULAR SURFACE SQUAMOUS NEOPLASIA
(OSSN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
2.7.1 CONJUNCTIVAL INTRAEPITHELIAL
NEOPLASIA (CIN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
2.7.2 SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA . . . . . . . 27
2.8 NEVUS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
2.9 PRIMARY ACQUIRED MELANOSIS
(PAM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
2.10 MALIGNANT MELANOMA . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
2.11 LYMPHOID TUMORS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
2.12 CARUNCULAR TUMORS . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
CONTENTS
CHAPTER 3
SENTINEL LYMPH NODE BIOPSY
FOR CONJUNCTIVAL AND EYELID MALIGNANCIES
DOMINICK GOLIO, BITA ESMAELI
3.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
3.2 HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE AND RATIONALE
FOR SENTINEL LYMPH NODE BIOPSY . . 38
3.3 SENTINEL LYMPH NODE BIOPSY
FOR CONJUNCTIVAL
AND EYELID TUMORS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
3.3.1 PATIENT SELECTION AND INDICATIONS . . 40
3.3.2 ANATOMIC CONSIDERATIONS . . . . . . . . 40
3.3.3 TECHNICAL CONSIDERATIONS . . . . . . . . . 40
3.3.4 HISTOPATHOLOGIC ANALYSIS
OF SENTINEL LYMPH NODES . . . . . . . . . 43
3.3.5 LYMPHATIC BASINS AT RISK . . . . . . . . . 44
3.4 CARE OF PATIENTS WITH A
POSITIVE SENTINEL LYMPH NODE . . . . 44
3.4.1 POTENTIAL COMPLICATIONS
AND LIMITATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
3.5 CONCLUSIONS
AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . 46
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
LACRIMAL
SURGERY
CHAPTER 4
THE APPARENT PARADOX OF *SUCCESS*
IN LACRIMAL DRAINAGE SURGERY
GEOFFREY E. ROSE
4.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
4.2 THE *LACRIMAL PARADOX*
AND THE DICHOTOMY
OF LACRIMAL CHARACTERISTICS . . . . . . . 52
4.3 THE THREE-COMPARTMENT MODEL
OF LACRIMAL DRAINAGE . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
4.4 OSTEOTOMY SIZE AND THE SOFT-TISSUE
ANASTOMOSIS AFTER
DACRYOCYSTORHINOSTOMY . . . . . . . . . 57
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
CHAPTER 5
MICROSURGERY OF THE LACRIMAL SYSTEM:
MICROENDOSCOPIC TECHNIQUES
KARL-HEINZ EMMERICH,
HANS-WERNER MEYER-RUESENBERG
5.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
5.2 DACRYOENDOSCOPY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
5.2.1 TECHNICAL EQUIPMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
5.2.2 PERFORMING ENDOSCOPY . . . . . . . . . . 64
5.2.3 TRANSCANALICULAR ENDOSCOPIC
PROCEDURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
5.3 CONCLUSIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
CITATION AND REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
CHAPTER 6
TE C HNIQUES IN ENDONASAL
DACRYOCYSTORHINOSTOMY
PETER J. DOLMAN
6.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
6.2 HISTORY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
6.3 PREOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS . . . . . . 72
6.3.1 CLINICAL ASSESSMENT OF EPIPHORA . . 72
6.3.2 INDICATIONS FOR SURGERY . . . . . . . . . . 72
6.3.3 SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS
IN ENDONASAL DCRS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
6.4 PERIOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS . . . . . 73
6.4.1 HEMOSTASIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
6.4.2 ANESTHESIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
6.4.3 ANTIBIOTICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
6.4.4 SET-UP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
6.5 OPERATIVE TECHNIQUES . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
6.5.1 ILLUMINATION SOURCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
6.5.2 VIEWING SYSTEMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
6.5.3 FORMATION OF THE OSTEOTOMY . . . . . . 75
6.5.4 FENESTRATING THE LACRIMAL SAC . . . . . 77
6.5.5 MITOMYCIN-C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
6.5.6 STENTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
6.6 POSTOPERATIVE CARE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
6.7 EN-DCR FOR SPECIFIC CONDITIONS . . 78
6.7.1 PEDIATRIC EN-DCR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
6.7.2 EN-DCR
WITH CANALICULAR STENOSIS . . . . . . . . 79
6.8 COMPLICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
6.9 COMPARISON OF EN-DCR
AND EX-DCR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
6.10 TRANSITION TO EN-DCR . . . . . . . . . . . 80
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
X
CONTENTS
CHAPTER 7
MONOCANALICULAR LACRIMAL PATHWAY INTUBATION
WITH
A STABLE PUNCTAL ATTACHMENT
BRUNO FAYET, JEAN-MARC RUBAN
7.1 INT RO DU C T I ON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
7.2 D ESCRIPTION AND FITTING
FOR MONOCANALICULAR STENTING:
THE MONO-KA
DEVICE . . . . . . . . . . . 83
7.2.1 DESCRIPTION OF THE SUPERIOR
FIXATION DEVICE (SFD) . . . . . . . . . . . 83
7.2.2 MONOCANALICULAR INTUBATION:
TE C H N I Q U E F O R INSERTION . . . . . . . . . . 84
7.2.3 LIMITATIONS
OF THE MONO-KA
DEVICE . . . . . . . . . 84
7.2.4 INDICATIONS AND CONTRAINDICATIONS
FOR THE MONO-KA
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
7.2.5 CAUTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
7.3 T HE MINI-MONO-KA
DEVICE . . . . . . 84
7.4 SUPE R V IS I ON AND REMOVAL
OF THE MONO-KA
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
7.5 C OMPLICAT I ONS .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
7.5.1 COMPLICATIONS RELATED
TO THE INSERTION OF THE MONO-KA
. . 85
7.6 UNDES IR ABL E SIDE EFFECTS
OF THE MONO-KA
AFTER PLACEMENT
IN THE LACRIMAL PATHWAYS . . . . . . . . . 86
7.6.1 DYEING OF THE SILICONE . . . . . . . . . . . 86
7.6.2 ITCHING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
7.6.3 IMPERMEABILITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
7.7 L ATE C OMPLICAT IONS
OF THE MONO-KA
AFTER INSERTION
IN THE LACRIMAL DRAINAGE PATHWAY . 87
7.7.1 E X TE R NA LIZATION OR EXTRUSION . . . . . . 87
7.7.2INT
RACANALICULAR
MIGRATION . . . . . . . 87
7.8 PRE VE NT I ON OF INTRACANALICULAR
MIGRATION OF THE MONO-KA
. . . . . . . 87
7.9 C OMPLICAT I ONS
OF THE MINI- MONO-KA
DEVICE . . . . 88
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
GRAVES* OPHTHALMOPATHY
CHAPTER 8
THE ROLE OF ORBITAL RADIOTHERAPY
IN THE MANAGEMENT
OF THYROID RELATED ORBITOPATHY
MICHAEL KAZIM
8.1 INTRODUCTION:
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND . . . . . . . . . . . 91
8.2 BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF RADIOTHERAPY . 93
8.3 SAFETY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
8.4 PRE-TREATMENT ANALYSIS . . . . . . . . . . 94
8.4.1 10- VS. 20-GY DOSE TREATMENT . . . . . 94
8.5 RECOMMENDATIONS
AND FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS . . . . . . . . 94
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
CHAPTER 9
BONY ORBITAL DECOMPRESSION TECHNIQUES
K.E. MORGENSTERN, PAUL PROFFER,
JILL A. FOSTER
9.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
9.2 HISTORY OF BONY DECOMPRESSION . . . 98
9.3 INDICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
9.4 CHARACTERIZING DECOMPRESSIVE
SURGERY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
9.5 SURGICAL APPROACH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
9.6 BONY DECOMPRESSION TECHNIQUES . . 100
9.6.1 ANTERIOR AND POSTERIOR LATERAL
WA L L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
9.6.2 MEDIAL WALL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
9.6.3 FLOOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
9.6.4 ROOF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
9.7 ALTERNATIVE APPROACHES
TO ORBITAL DECOMPRESSION . . . . . . . . 104
9.7.1 TRANSANTRAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
9.7.2 ENDOSCOPIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
9.7.3 ORBITAL FAT DECOMPRESSION. . . . . . . . 106
9.7.4 POTENTIAL COMPLICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . 106
9.8 CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
CONTENTS
XI
CHAPTER 10
ORBITAL DECOMPRESSION USING
FAT REMOVAL ORBITAL DECOMPRESSION
JEAN-PAUL ADENIS, PIERRE-YVES ROBERT
10.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
10.2 DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
10.2.1 THE UPPER EYELID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
10.2.2 THE LOWER EYELID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
10.2.3 THE VOLUME OF RESECTION . . . . . . . . . 113
10.2.4 TREATMENT PROGRAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
10.3 OUR EXPERIENCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
10.3.1 PATIENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
10.3.2 SURGICAL PROCEDURE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
10.3.3 CLINICAL DATA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
10.3.4 STATISTICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
10.4 RESULTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
10.4.1 PROPTOSIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
10.4.2 VISUAL FIELD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
10.4.3 INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
10.4.4 VOLUME OF EXCISED FAT. . . . . . . . . . . . 116
10.4.5 DIPLOPIA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
10.5 DISCUSSION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
10.5.1 TYPES OF BONE REMOVAL
ORBITAL DECOMPRESSION
(BROD) PERFORMED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
10.5.2 FROD OR BROD? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
10.6 CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
ESTHETIC AND LID SURGERY
CHAPTER 11
UPDATE ON UPPER LID BLEPHAROPLASTY
MARKUS J. PFEIFFER
11.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
11.2 SURGICAL ANATOMY OF THE UPPER LID
AND UPPER ORBIT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
11.2.1 RELATIONSHIP OF APERTURE PLANE,
LID CREASE AND SKIN FOLD . . . . . . . . . 124
11.2.2 THE APERTURE PLANE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
11.2.3 THE UPPER LID CREASE . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
11.2.4 THE SKIN FOLD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
11.2.5 THE EYELID SKIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
11.2.6 THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE ANTERIOR
AND THE POSTERIOR LID LAMELLA . . . . . 126
11.2.7 THE PRETARSAL ORBICULARIS MUSCLE . . 126
11.2.8 THE PRESEPTAL ORBICULARIS MUSCLE . . 127
11.2.9 THE ORBITAL PART
OF THE ORBICULARIS MUSCLE . . . . . . . . 127
11.2.10 THE SUBORBICULARIS OCULI FAT
(SOOF) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
11.2.11 THE ORBITAL SEPTUM . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
11.2.12 THE ORBITAL FAT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
11.2.13 THE EYEBROW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
11.2.14 THE FRONTALIS MUSCLE
AND ITS ANTAGONISTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
11.2.15 THE POSTERIOR LID LAMELLA . . . . . . . . 130
11.3 THE PREOPERATIVE EVALUATION
AND SURGICAL PLANNING . . . . . . . . . . . 130
11.3.1 THE PATIENT*S EXPECTATION . . . . . . . . 130
11.3.2 THE EVALUATION
OF THE LID CREASE SYMMETRY . . . . . . 131
11.3.3 PREOPERATIVE EXAMINATION . . . . . . . . 131
11.3.4 DIFFERENTIATION OF SIMPLE
AND COMPLICATED CASES . . . . . . . . . . 132
11.3.5 PLANNING BLEPHAROPLASTY ACCORDING
TO THE TYPOLOGY OF CASES . . . . . . . . . 132
11.4 SURGICAL TECHNIQUE
OF THE MOST FREQUENT TYPES
OF UPPER LID BLEPHAROPLASTY . . . . . . 134
11.4.1 MARKING THE OUTLINES OF INCISIONS . 134
11.4.2 LOCAL ANAESTESIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
11.4.3 SKIN INCISION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
11.4.4 SKIN EXCISION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
11.4.5 ORBICULARIS SEPARATION . . . . . . . . . . . 135
11.4.6 ORBICULARIS EXCISION . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
11.4.7 IDENTIFICATION OF THE SEPTUM . . . . . . 135
11.4.8 DISSECTION OF THE SEPTUM . . . . . . . . . 136
11.4.9 MANAGEMENT
OF THE PREAPONEUROTIC FAT . . . . . . . . 136
11.4.10 MANAGEMENT
OF THE INTERMEDIAL ORBITAL FAT . . . . . 136
11.4.11 EXPOSURE
OF THE MEDIAL ORBITAL FAT . . . . . . . . . 136
11.4.12 RESECTION
OF THE MEDIAL ORBITAL FAT . . . . . . . . . 137
11.4.13 RESECTION
OF THE MEDIAL SUBCUTANEOUS FAT . . . 137
11.4.14 SOOF RESECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
11.4.15 SUTURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
11.4.16 LASER BLEPHAROPLASTY . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
11.5 COMPLICATIONS IN UPPER LID
BLEPHAROPLASTY: PREVENTION
AND MANAGEMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
11.5.1 UNDERCORRECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
11.5.2 OVERCORRECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
11.5.3 EXCESSIVE SKIN RESECTION . . . . . . . . . 139
XII
CONTENTS
11.5.4 EXCESSIVE ORBICULARIS MUSCLE
RESECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
11.5.5 EXCESSIVE SOOF RESECTION . . . . . . . . 140
11.5.6 EXCESSIVE RESECTION
OF PREAPONEUROTIC FAT . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
11.5.7 EXCESSIVE RESECTION
OF MEDIAL ORBITAL FAT . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
11.5.8 ASYMMETRY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
11.5.9 DOUBLE SKIN FOLD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
11.5.10 POSTERIOR LAMELLA LACERATIONS . . . . 141
11.5.11 FAILURE TO CORRECT ASSOCIATED
PATHOLOGY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
11.5.12 HEMORRHAGE, EDEMA
AND SCAR FORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
CHAPTER 12
UPDATE ON LASERS IN OCULOPLASTIC SURGERY
JULIE A. WOODWARD, AERLYN G. DAWN
12.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
12.2 INCISIONAL LASER SURGERY . . . . . . . . . 145
12.2.1 CO
2
LASER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
12.2.2 ERBIUM: YAG LASER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
12.2.3 NEODYMIUM: YAG LASER . . . . . . . . . . 149
12.3 LASER SKIN RESURFACING . . . . . . . . . . . 149
12.3.1 CO
2
LASER SKIN RESURFACING . . . . . . 151
12.3.2 ERBIUM: YAG LASER SKIN
RESURFACING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
12.3.3 COMBINED CO
2
AND ERBIUM LASER RESURFACING . . . . 153
12.3.4 NON-ABLATIVE RESURFACING . . . . . . . . 153
12.4 LASER TREATMENT
OF CUTANEOUS VASCULAR LESIONS . . . . 156
12.5 LASER TREATMENT OF TATTOOS . . . . . . . 157
12.6 LASER HAIR REMOVAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
12.7 LASER DACRYOCYSTORHINOSTOMY . . . . 158
12.7.1 HOLMIUM LASER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
12.7.2 POTASSIUM TITANYL PHOSPHATE LASER 159
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
CHAPTER 13
UPDATE ON THE ENDOSCOPIC BROW LIFT:
PEARLS AND NUANCES
BHUPENDRA C.K. PATEL
13.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
13.2 NUMBER OF SCALP INCISIONS . . . . . . . 164
13.3 SITES OF SCALP INCISIONS . . . . . . . . . . . 164
13.4 FOREHEAD DISSECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
13.5 RELEASE OF PERIOSTEUM . . . . . . . . . . . 166
13.6 WEAKENING
OF THE FOREHEAD MUSCLES . . . . . . . . . . 167
17.7 FIXATION
OF THE MOBILIZED FOREHEAD:
HOW LONG IS FIXATION NECESSARY? . . 168
13.8 METHODS OF FIXATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
13.9 SIMPLIFIED TECHNIQUE OF BONE
TUNNELING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
13.10 METHOD OF ELEVATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
13.11 BURIED SCREW AND SUTURE . . . . . . . . . 171
13.12 ENDOTINE FIXATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
13.13 CLOSURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
13.14 POSTOPERATIVE CARE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
13.15 CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
CHAPTER 14
THE SOOF LIFT IN MIDFACE RECONSTRUCTION
AND REJUVENATION
ROBERT M. SCHWARCZ, NORMAN SHORR
14.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
14.2 ANATOMY OF THE MIDFACE . . . . . . . . . . 182
14.3 AGE RELATED CHANGES
OF THE MIDFACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
14.4 PATIENT SELECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
14.5 SURGICAL TECHNIQUE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
14.5.1 TRANSCONJUNCTIVAL APPROACH . . . . . . 185
14.5.2 SUBLABIAL APPROACH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
14.5.3 CLOSED CABLE LIFT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
CHAPTER 15
FACIAL PARALYSIS: A COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH
TO CURRENT MANAGEMENT
ROBERTA E. GAUSAS
15.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
15.2 DIAGNOSIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
15.2.1 PATIENT HISTORY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
15.2.2 ANATOMY AND FUNCTION . . . . . . . . . . 193
15.3 FACIAL NERVE:
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
15.3.1 BROW COMPLEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196
15.3.2 PERIORBITAL COMPLEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196
15.3.3 MIDFACE AND PERIORAL COMPLEX . . . . 197
15.4 TREATMENT STRATEGIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
15.4.1 SUPPORTIVE CARE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
15.4.2 SURGICAL STRATEGIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199
15.5 ABERRANT REGENERATION . . . . . . . . . . 203
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
CONTENTS
XIII
CHAPTER 16
SELF-INFLATING HYDROGEL EXPANDERS
FOR THE TREATMENT
OF CONGENITAL
ANOPHTHALMOS
MICHAEL P. SCHITTKOWSKI,
JAMES A. KATOWITZ,
KARSTEN K.H. GUNDLACH,
RUDOLF F. GUTHOFF
16.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
16.1.1 CLINICAL FEATURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
16.1.2 EPIDEMIOLOGY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
16.1.3 DEFINITION OF TERMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
16.1.4 ETIOLOGY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
16.1.5 TREATMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
16.2 PATIENTS AND METHOD . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
16.2.1 OSMOTIC EXPANDERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
16.2.2 PATIENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
16.3 RESULTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
16.3.1 TREATMENT COURSE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
16.3.2 EXPANDER FAILURES/COMPLICATION . . 212
16.3.3 NUMBER OF OPERATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . 212
16.3.4 TREATMENT RESULTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
16.3.5 ACCEPTANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
16.4 DISCUSSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
16.4.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
16.4.2 PATHOGENESIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
16.4.3 EXISTING THERAPY CONCEPTS *
PROS AND CONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
CHAPTER 17
METHODS TO IMPROVE PROSTHESIS MOTILITY
IN ENUCLEATION SURGERY WITHOUT PEGGING
AND WITH EMPHASIS
ON MUSCLE PEDUNCULATED FLAPS
RUDOLF F. GUTHOFF,
MICHAEL P. SCHITTKOWSKI, ARTUR KLETT
17.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
17.2 SHORT HISTORY
OF ALLOPLASTIC IMPLANTS . . . . . . . . . . . 223
17.3 EVISCERATION/ENUCLEATION *
PROS AND CONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
17.3.1 INTRAOCULAR MALIGNANCY . . . . . . . . . . 224
17.3.2 ENDOPHTHALMITIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
17.3.3 BLIND AND PAINFUL EYE . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
17.3.4 SYMPATHETHIC OPHTHALMIA . . . . . . . . 225
17.4 ORBITAL IMPLANTS * MATERIALS,
SHAPE, IMPLANTATION TECHNIQUE . . . 225
17.4.1 NON-INTEGRATED IMPLANTS . . . . . . . . . 225
17.4.2 INTEGRATED IMPLANTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
17.5 WRAPPING MATERIALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
17.6 INDICATIONS FOR PEGGING . . . . . . . . . . 228
17.7 MOTILITY EVALUATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
17.8 STRATEGIES TO IMPROVE PROSTHESIS
MOTILITY WITHOUT PEGGING . . . . . . . . 229
17.9 SUGGESTIONS FOR AN EFFECTIVE
COMPROMISE BETWEEN ENUCLEATION
AND EVISCERATION: MUSCLE
PEDUNCULATED SCLERAL FLAPS . . . . . . . 232
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
CHAPTER 18
CURRENT MANAGEMENT
OF TRAUMATIC ENOPHTHALMOS
RICHARD C. ALLEN,
JEFFREY A. NERAD
18.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
18.1.1 ANATOMY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
18.2 ENOPHTHALMOS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
18.2.1 NON-TRAUMATIC CAUSES
OF ENOPHTHALMOS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
18.2.2 TRAUMATIC ENOPHTHALMOS . . . . . . . . 240
18.2.3 MECHANISM
OF TRAUMATIC ENOPHTHALMOS . . . . . . 240
18.2.4 FRACTURES ASSOCIATED
WITH ENOPHTHALMOS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
18.2.5 EVALUATION OF THE PATIENT
WITH TRAUMATIC ENOPHTHALMOS . . . . 242
18.3 TREATMENT
OF TRAUMATIC ENOPHTHALMOS . . . . . . 244
18.3.1 NON-SURGICAL TREATMENT
OF TRAUMATIC ENOPHTHALMOS . . . . . . 244
18.3.2 SURGICAL TREATMENT
OF TRAUMATIC ENOPHTHALMOS . . . . . . 244
18.4 ENOPHTHALMOS ASSOCIATED
WITH
THE ANOPHTHALMIC SOCKET . . . . 248
18.4.1 MECHANISM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248
18.4.2 TREATMENT
OF ENOPHTHALMOS
IN THE ANOPHTHALMIC SOCKET . . . . . . 249
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
SUBJECT INDEX
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
XIV
CONTENTS |
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| author2 | Guthoff, Rudolf 1948- |
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| genre | (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content |
| genre_facet | Aufsatzsammlung |
| id | DE-604.BV021305563 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T13:54:13Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T20:35:14Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 3540225994 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-014626207 |
| oclc_num | 634731980 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-29 DE-578 |
| owner_facet | DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-29 DE-578 |
| physical | XVII, 255 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 2006 |
| publishDateSearch | 2006 |
| publishDateSort | 2006 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | Essentials in ophthalmology |
| spelling | Oculoplastics and orbit 20 tables eds. Rudolf Guthoff ... Berlin [u.a.] Springer 2006 XVII, 255 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Essentials in ophthalmology Literaturangaben Augenchirurgie (DE-588)4003587-6 gnd rswk-swf Plastische Chirurgie (DE-588)4046280-8 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Augenchirurgie (DE-588)4003587-6 s Plastische Chirurgie (DE-588)4046280-8 s DE-604 Guthoff, Rudolf 1948- (DE-588)108716899 edt Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-3-540-29969-1 (DE-604)BV022374392 DNB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=014626207&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Oculoplastics and orbit 20 tables Augenchirurgie (DE-588)4003587-6 gnd Plastische Chirurgie (DE-588)4046280-8 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4003587-6 (DE-588)4046280-8 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
| title | Oculoplastics and orbit 20 tables |
| title_auth | Oculoplastics and orbit 20 tables |
| title_exact_search | Oculoplastics and orbit 20 tables |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Oculoplastics and orbit 20 tables |
| title_full | Oculoplastics and orbit 20 tables eds. Rudolf Guthoff ... |
| title_fullStr | Oculoplastics and orbit 20 tables eds. Rudolf Guthoff ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | Oculoplastics and orbit 20 tables eds. Rudolf Guthoff ... |
| title_short | Oculoplastics and orbit |
| title_sort | oculoplastics and orbit 20 tables |
| title_sub | 20 tables |
| topic | Augenchirurgie (DE-588)4003587-6 gnd Plastische Chirurgie (DE-588)4046280-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Augenchirurgie Plastische Chirurgie Aufsatzsammlung |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=014626207&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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