Language, grammar, and communication: a course for teachers of English
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | Russian |
| Veröffentlicht: |
New York [u.a.]
McGraw-Hill
1994
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XIX, 442 S. |
| ISBN: | 0070229112 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Language, grammar, and communication |b a course for teachers of English |c Gerald P. Delahunty ; James J. Garvey |
| 264 | 1 | |a New York [u.a.] |b McGraw-Hill |c 1994 | |
| 300 | |a XIX, 442 S. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Englisch | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Linguistik | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Sprache | |
| 650 | 4 | |a English language |x Study and teaching | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Language and languages | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Linguistics | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Garvey, James J. |e Sonstige |4 oth | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804133359421489152 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | LANGUAGE,
GRAMMAR,
AND
COMMUNICATION
A Course for Teachers of English
Gerald P Delahunty
Colorado State University
James J Garvey
Colorado State University
McGRAW-HILL, INC
New York St Louis San Francisco Auckland Bogota
Caracas Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan Montreal
New Delhi San Juan Singapore Sydney Tokyo Toronto
CONTENTS
Preface xvii
Part One INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF LANGUAGE 1
Language 3
Language in Education 4
The Organization of This Book 6
Hints for Success 7
References and Resources 8
Glossary 8
Chapter 1 Concepts of Language 11
10A Language as a System of Rules 11
1 1 Defining a Language 12
111A language communicates meaning 13
112A language uses sound as its primary means of expression 14
113A language is distinctively human 15
114 Knowledge of language is unconsciously present in the mind 16
115A language consists of rules 17
116A language is a system 17
117 Summary 18
1 2 Approaches to Language Study: Prescriptive, Descriptive, Theoretical,
Analytic, and Applied 19
121 Theoretical linguistics 20
122 Analytic linguistics 23
123 Applied linguistics 23
1 3 Competence and Performance 24
References and Resources 26
Glossary 27
Chapter 2 Meaning and Communication 3 0
2 0 Popular Views of Meaning 30
21A Linguistic View of Meaning 31
2 2 Semantics 33
221 Word meaning 34
222 Explaining word meaning 35
223 The semantics of sentences 42
IX
Contents
2 3 Pragmatics 48
231 Reference 49
232 Deixis and deictics 49
233 Presupposition 51
234 Speech acts 52
235 Speakers intended meaning 54
236 Discourse and text analysis 58
References and Resources 61
Glossary 61
Part Two APPROACHES TO GRAMMAR 65
The Structure of English 65
Form, Function, and Meaning 68
Glossary 76
Chapter 3 Phonetics and Phonology 77
3 0 Phonetics and Phonology 77
3 1 Articulatory Phonetics 77
311 Consonants 78
312 Vowels 83
313 Syllables 87
3 2 Phonology 88
321 Phonemes 89
322 Phonological rules 91
References and Resources 92
Glossary 93
Chapter 4 Morpho logy andWord Formation 9 6
4 0 Words and Morphemes 96
4 1 Root, Inflectional and Derivational Morphemes 97
4 2 Morphemes, Allomorphs, and Morphs 97
4 3 Words 97
4 4 Inflectional Morphology 98
4 5 Derivational Morphology 99
4 6 Compounding 100
4 7 The Internal Structure of Complex Words 103
4 8 Classifying Words by Their Morphological Possibilities 105
References and Resources 106
Glossary 106
Appendix A: English Derivational Morphemes 108
Contents xi
Chapter 5 The Major Parts of Speech 110
5 0 Word Categories 110
5 1 Nouns 110
511 Formal characteristics of nouns 111
512 Functional characteristics of nouns 115
513 Subclasses of nouns 116
5 2 Verbs 117
521 Formal characteristics of verbs 118
522 Functional characteristics of verbs 124
523 Subclasses of verbs 124
5 3 Adjectives 124
531 Formal characteristics of adjectives 125
532 Functions of adjectives 127
533 Subclasses of adjectives 130
5 4 Adverbs 130
541 Formal characteristics of adverbs 131
542 Functions of adverbs 133
543 Subcategories of adverbs 134
References and Resources 134
Glossary 135
Appendix B: Prototypes 137
Chapter 6 Minor Parts of Speech 143
6 0 Function Words 143
6 1 Pronouns 144
611 Personal pronouns 145
612 Demonstrative pronouns 149
613 Reflexive and intensive pronouns 150
614 Indefinite pronouns 151
6 2 Wh-Words 151
6 3 Articles 153
6 4 Auxiliary Verbs 154
641 Modality and mood 154
642 Aspect 156
643 Voice 160
6 5 Prepositions 161
6 6 Intensifiers 165
6 7 Conjunctions 165
671 Coordinating conjunctions 166
672 Subordinating conjunctions 167
6 8 Other Minor Parts of Speech 170
xii Contents
References and Resources 171
Glossary 172
Chapter 7 Phrases 1 7 5
7 0 From Words to Phrases 175
7 1 Definition of Phrase 176
7 2 The Prepositional Phrase (PP) 177
7 3 The Adjective Phrase (AP) 179
7 4 The Adverb Phrase (AdvP) 180
7 5 The Noun Phrase (NP) 180
751 Simple noun phrases: head alone 181
752 Simple noun phrases: premodifier + head 181
753 Simple noun phrases: head + prepositional phrase 182
754 Multiple and phrasal premodifiers 185
755 Complex noun phrases: the range of postmodifiers 188
756 Complex noun phrases: coordination 190
7 6 The Verb Phrase (VP) 191
761 Simple verb phrases: head alone 191
762 Verb phrases: auxiliaries and head 192
763 Verb phrases: head + objects(s)/complement 196
764 Verb phrases: head + modifier(s) 197
765 Complex verb phrases: combinations of functions 199
766 Verbal phrases (VblPs) 199
References and Resources 204
Glossary 204
Chapter 8 Basic Clause Patterns 207
8 0 Clauses and Clause Patterns 207
8 1 Elements of the Clause 207
8 2 Subjects 209
821 Identifying a subject 210
8 3 Thematic/Semantic Roles 214
8 4 Auxiliary Verbs 218
8 5 Basic Clause Patterns 219
851 Basic clause pattern 1: intransitive 219
852 Basic clause pattern 2: simple transitive 219
853 Basic clause pattern 3: subject complement 221
854 Basic clause pattern 4: object complement 224
855 Basic clause pattern 5: indirect object 226
856 Basic clause pattern 6: recipient/benefactive 228
Contents xiii
857 Basic clause pattern 7: location 229
858 Basic clause pattern 8: passive 230
References and Resources 232
Glossary 232
Chapter 9 Graphic Representations of Sentence Elements 234
9 0 Visualizing Function and Structure 234
9 1 Functional Diagramming 234
911 Subjects and predicates 235
912 Objects and complements 235
913 Modifiers 237
914 Coordination 239
915 Nonbasic sentences: imperatives and questions 240
9 2 Formal Diagrams 241
921 Formal diagrams of basic clause patterns 241
922 Formal diagrams of noun phrases 245
9 3 Conclusion 252
References and Resources 253
Glossary 253
Chapter 10 Elaborations of Basic Sentence Patterns 2 5 5
10 0 Clauses and Sentences 255
10 1 Phrases and Clauses 255
10 2 Finite and Nonfinite Clauses 257
10 3 Main and Subordinate Clauses 258
10 4 Types of Subordinate Clauses 258
10 5 Functions of Subordinate Clauses 262
10 5 1 Clauses that function as modifiers of verbs (adverbial
clauses) 262
10 5 2 Clauses that function in the nominal range 263
10 5 3 Clauses that function as modifiers of nouns (relative clauses
and reduced relatives) 270
10 5 4 Miscellany 273
10 6 Coordination 276
10 7 Summary 277
References and Resources 277
Glossary 277
Chapter 11 Generat ive Grammar280
11 0 A Theory of Language 280
11 1 Aspects of the Theory of Syntax 280
x/v Contents
11 1 1 Goals of generative grammar: levels of adequacy 281
11 1 2 Strict subcategorization 282
11 1 3 Levels of syntactic representation: deep structure,
surface structure, and transformations 283
11 1 4 Topicalization and the assignment of thematic roles 286
11 1 5 Subject-Auxiliary Inversion 289
11 1 6 Wh-Movement 290
11 1 7 Imperative 291
11 1 8 Verb Phrase Deletion 294
11 1 9 There Insertion 295
11 1 10 Passive 295
11 2 Transition: Constraints and Generalizations 297
11 2 1 Traces 297
11 2 2 Noun phrase movement 301
11 2 3 C-command 302
11 2 4 Generalizing phrase structure rules: X-bar theory 303
11 2 5 Subjacency and cyclicity 307
11 3 Government-Binding Theory 309
11 3 1 Core and periphery 310
11 3 2 Principles and parameters 310
11 3 3 Modularity 311
References and Resources 328
Glossary 328
Part Three SOME APPLICATIONS OF LANGUAGE STUDY 333
Chapter 12 Spoken and Written Language 335
12 0 Speaking and Writing 335
12 1 Differences between Speech and Writing 337
12 2 Spoken and Written Language from the Producer s Perspective 338
12 2 1 Writing is a solitary act 338
12 2 2 Writing is more extended in time than speech 339
12 2 3 Writing is more self-conscious than speech 340
12 2 4 Written language relies less heavily on context
than spoken language 340
12 2 5 By and large, written language is learned,
while spoken language is acquired 344
12 3 Spoken and Written Language from the Receiver s Perspective 345
12 3 1 Parallels between readers and listeners 345
12 3 2 Tolerance for errors 347
12 3 3 Language processing 350
Contents xv
12 4 Linguistic Characteristics of Oral and Written Texts 352
12 5 The Flow of Information 356
References and Resources 358
Glossary 359
Chapter 13 Linguistic Var ia t ion 3 6 2
13 0 Regional, Social, and Temporal Variation 362
13 1 Regional Variation 364
13 2 Social Variation 365
13 3 Ethnic Variation 366
13 3 1 Black English (BE) 367
13 3 2 Chicano English (CE) 369
13 3 3 Native American varieties of English (NAE) 371
13 4 Language, Sex, and Gender 372
13 4 1 Sexism in language 372
13 4 2 Generic he 373
13 4 3 Male and female varieties 374
13 4 4 Why do these differences exist? 375
13 4 5 Do these differences matter? 376
13 5 Registers 378
13 5 1 Tenor 378
13 5 2 Field 380
13 5 3 Mode 380
13 5 4 Genre 382
13 5 5 Speech communities 382
13 6 A Brief History of the Standardization of English 383
13 6 1 Dictionaries 385
13 6 2 Grammars 387
13 7 Language Beliefs and Attitudes 389
13 7 1 Why do stigmatized varieties persist? 391
13 7 2 Linguistic accommodation 392
13 8 Educational Issues 394
13 8 1 Speech and language testing 395
13 8 2 What s to be done? 397
13 9 Conclusion 398
References and Resources 399
Glossary 400
Chapter 14 Usage 4 0 3
14 0 The Nature of Usage 403
14 1 Sources of Usage Statements 404
xvi Contents
14 1 1 English teachers and usage 406
14 1 2 Professional English organizations 407
14 1 3 Writing handbooks 408
14 1 4 Dictionaries 409
14 1 5 The popular press 411
14 2 Some Examples of Usage Statements 414
14 2 1 Pronunciation 414
14 2 2 Punctuation 416
14 2 3 Lexical usage 418
14 2 4 Syntax 420
14 2 5 Style 423
14 3 Usage and Education 426
14 3 1 The varieties of English 426
14 3 2 Usage and Standard English 428
14 3 3 Usage in the classroom: students needs and rights 429
14 3 4 Usage in the classroom: the role of the teacher 430
14 3 5 Conclusion 434
References and Resources 434
Glossary 435
Index 437
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| spelling | Language, grammar, and communication a course for teachers of English Gerald P. Delahunty ; James J. Garvey New York [u.a.] McGraw-Hill 1994 XIX, 442 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Englisch Linguistik Sprache English language Study and teaching Language and languages Linguistics Englischlehrer (DE-588)4152284-9 gnd rswk-swf Englischunterricht (DE-588)4014801-4 gnd rswk-swf Englischunterricht (DE-588)4014801-4 s Englischlehrer (DE-588)4152284-9 s b DE-604 Delahunty, Gerald P. Sonstige oth Garvey, James J. Sonstige oth HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=013170994&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Language, grammar, and communication a course for teachers of English Englisch Linguistik Sprache English language Study and teaching Language and languages Linguistics Englischlehrer (DE-588)4152284-9 gnd Englischunterricht (DE-588)4014801-4 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4152284-9 (DE-588)4014801-4 |
| title | Language, grammar, and communication a course for teachers of English |
| title_auth | Language, grammar, and communication a course for teachers of English |
| title_exact_search | Language, grammar, and communication a course for teachers of English |
| title_full | Language, grammar, and communication a course for teachers of English Gerald P. Delahunty ; James J. Garvey |
| title_fullStr | Language, grammar, and communication a course for teachers of English Gerald P. Delahunty ; James J. Garvey |
| title_full_unstemmed | Language, grammar, and communication a course for teachers of English Gerald P. Delahunty ; James J. Garvey |
| title_short | Language, grammar, and communication |
| title_sort | language grammar and communication a course for teachers of english |
| title_sub | a course for teachers of English |
| topic | Englisch Linguistik Sprache English language Study and teaching Language and languages Linguistics Englischlehrer (DE-588)4152284-9 gnd Englischunterricht (DE-588)4014801-4 gnd |
| topic_facet | Englisch Linguistik Sprache English language Study and teaching Language and languages Linguistics Englischlehrer Englischunterricht |
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