Field sampling: principles and practices in environmental analysis
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
New York [u.a.]
Dekker
2004
|
| Series: | Books in soils, plants, and the environment
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XIV, 355 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0824754719 |
Staff View
MARC
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Record in the Search Index
| _version_ | 1804132808196620288 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Preface
1 Introduction to Field Sampling
1.1 Assessing the Sampling Needs 3
1.2 Soil 5
1.3 Water and Air 8
1.4 Presampling 10
1.5 Safety 11
1.6 Sampling 11
1.7 Statistics 13
1.8 Modeling 13
1.9 Sample Handling 14
1.10 What Is Present? 15
1.11 Analytical Methods 16
1.12 Traps 16
1.13 Essential Units 17
1.14 Definitions 19
1.15 Other Ways of Sampling and Representing the
Environment 20
1.16 Global Positioning System (GPS) 21
IX
x Contents
1.17 Geographical Information Systems (GIS) 22
1.18 Conclusions 23
Questions 23
References 24
2 Characteristics of the Environment 26
27
35
39
41
49
54
54
55
57
58
59
61
65
69
71
73
77
79
79
82
82
83
84
84
87
89
90
2.1 Parts of the Environment
2.2 Soil Formation
2.3 Soil Types
2.4 Soil Texture, Structure, and Bulk Density
2.5 Water Movement Over and Through Soil
2.6 Conclusions
Questions
References
3 Presampling
3.1 Field Office
3.2 Field Office Laboratory
3.3 The Project Notebook
3.4 Maps
3.5 Preliminary Field Survey
3.6 Field History
3.7 Sampling Tools
3.8 Other Soil Sampling Considerations
3.9 Safety
3.10 Sample Containers
3.11 Transportation and Storage
3.12 Chain of Custody
3.13 Analytical Laboratory and Procedures
3.14 Statistics
3.15 Other Tools to Consider
3.16 Modeling
3.17 Permitting
3.18 Resources
3.19 Conclusions
Questions
References
Contents xi
4 Safety 91
4.1 Areas of Safety Concern 92
4.2 Safety Resources 94
4.3 Basic Safety 96
4.4 Signage 96
4.5 Personnel Exposure 100
4.6 Personnel Protection 104
4.7 Monitoring 111
4.8 Safety at Different Field Types 112
4.9 Contamination Types and Concentrations 114
4.10 Off-Field Protection 115
4.11 The Chemical Hygiene Plan 115
4.12 Environmental Protection 116
4.13 MSDS Sheets 116
4.14 Merck Index 117
4.15 Conclusions 117
Questions 118
References 118
5 Sampling 120
5.1 General Sampling Considerations 121
5.2 Global Positioning System 123
5.3 Ground-Penetrating Radar 128
5.4 Remote Sensing 130
5.5 Geographical Information Systems 130
5.6 Samplers 132
5.7 Sample Amount 136
5.8 Sample Container 138
5.9 Duplicate, Split, and Composite Samples 138
5.10 Sampling Strategies 139
5.11 Topography 143
5.12 Other Sampling Strategies for Different Field Situations 144
5.13 Sample Handling 153
5.14 Sampling Using GPS 153
5.15 Determining Sample Sites 155
5.16 Quality Control 157
5.17 Labeling 157
5.18 Conclusions 159
Questions 159
References 160
Contents
6 Statistics
6.1 Random Numbers 164
6.2 Variation 165
6.3 Population 166
6.4 Hypothesis 168
6.5 Median and Mean 169
6.6 Standard Deviation 171
6.7 Different or Same Population? 173
6.8 Extraneous Values 175
6.9 How Many Samples? 177
6.10 Comparing Areas 178
6.11 Linear Regression 181
6.12 Geostatisitics 181
6.13 Coregionalization 190
6.14 Geostatisitical Problems 191
6.15 Conclusions 191
Questions 192
References 192
7 Modeling 194
7.1 Physical Models 196
7.2 Chemical Models 203
7.3 Simple Mathematical Models 207
7.4 Landscape Models 208
7.5 Modeling Movement of Particles Through the
Environment 211
7.6 Dynamic Models 212
7.7 Commercial Computer Modeling 217
7.8 GIS and Environmental Modeling 221
7.9 Whole Planet Model 221
7.10 Conclusions 221
Questions 221
References 222
8 Sample Transport and Storage 224
8.1 Security 226
8.2 Containers 228
8.3 Controls 229
8.4 Transport in the Field 231
8.5 Transport Boxes 231
Contents xiii
8.6 Transport Out of Field 233
8.7 Storage 233
8.8 Archival Samples 234
8.9 Separation of Samples at the Field Office 235
8.10 Field Laboratory Handling 235
8.11 Transportation to the Commercial Laboratory 235
8.12 Storage at the Commercial Analytical Laboratory 237
8.13 Chain of Custody 237
8.14 Computer Chain of Custody 238
8.15 Request for Analysis 241
8.16 Conclusions 243
Questions 244
References 245
9 What Is Present? 246
9.1 In Total 248
9.2 The Inorganic Components 250
9.3 The Organic Component 260
9.4 The Biochemical Component 269
9.5 The Living Component 271
9.6 Conclusions 273
Questions 273
References 274
10 An Overview of Basic Principles of Analytical Methods
Rolf Meinholtz 276
10.1 Determining the Problem 281
10.2 What is the Nature of the Sample? 282
10.3 The Sampling Process 283
10.4 What Is to Be Sampled and How Is It to Be Sampled 285
10.5 Documentation 290
10.6 Sample Preparation for Analysis 291
10.7 Analytical Testing 291
10.8 Analytical Methods—Some Specifics 304
10.9 Data Assessment 307
10.10 Report Generation and Documentation 309
10.11 Do the Results Answer the Client s Question? 310
10.12 Some General Questions and Considerations 310
10.13 Conclusions 311
Questions 311
References 312
xiv Contents
11 Traps, Mistakes, and Errors
Alfred R. Conklin, Jr., and Rolf Meinholtz 313
11.1 History of the Area 314
11.2 Area Geology 316
11.3 Knowing What Is or Is Likely to Be Present 318
11.4 Not Accounting for Inputs, Losses, and Movement 319
11.5 Personnel 320
11.6 Analyzing or Sampling for the Wrong Component 323
11.7 Antagonisms and Interferences 323
11.8 Sample Analysis Mismatch 325
11.9 Extraction or Method Errors 325
11.10 Sample/Test Container Errors 326
11.11 Improper Sampling Techniques 326
11.12 Variations in Method 327
11.13 Movement of a Contaminant 327
11.14 Statistical Errors 328
11.15 Conclusions 328
Questions 328
References 329
Appendix A: Abbreviations and Acronyms 330
Appendix B: Sources 333
Index 335
|
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| dewey-search | 363.7063 |
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| dewey-tens | 360 - Social problems and services; associations |
| discipline | Allgemeines Soziologie Umwelt |
| format | Book |
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| indexdate | 2024-07-09T19:58:42Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0824754719 |
| language | English |
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| owner_facet | DE-M49 DE-BY-TUM DE-11 |
| physical | XIV, 355 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 2004 |
| publishDateSearch | 2004 |
| publishDateSort | 2004 |
| publisher | Dekker |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | Books in soils, plants, and the environment |
| spelling | Conklin, Alfred Russel 1941- Verfasser (DE-588)136259006 aut Field sampling principles and practices in environmental analysis Alfred R. Conklin with Rolf Meinholtz New York [u.a.] Dekker 2004 XIV, 355 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Books in soils, plants, and the environment Environmental sampling Umweltanalytik (DE-588)4282985-9 gnd rswk-swf Probenahme (DE-588)4047319-3 gnd rswk-swf Umweltanalytik (DE-588)4282985-9 s Probenahme (DE-588)4047319-3 s DE-604 Meinholtz, Rolf Verfasser aut HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=012833199&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Conklin, Alfred Russel 1941- Meinholtz, Rolf Field sampling principles and practices in environmental analysis Environmental sampling Umweltanalytik (DE-588)4282985-9 gnd Probenahme (DE-588)4047319-3 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4282985-9 (DE-588)4047319-3 |
| title | Field sampling principles and practices in environmental analysis |
| title_auth | Field sampling principles and practices in environmental analysis |
| title_exact_search | Field sampling principles and practices in environmental analysis |
| title_full | Field sampling principles and practices in environmental analysis Alfred R. Conklin with Rolf Meinholtz |
| title_fullStr | Field sampling principles and practices in environmental analysis Alfred R. Conklin with Rolf Meinholtz |
| title_full_unstemmed | Field sampling principles and practices in environmental analysis Alfred R. Conklin with Rolf Meinholtz |
| title_short | Field sampling |
| title_sort | field sampling principles and practices in environmental analysis |
| title_sub | principles and practices in environmental analysis |
| topic | Environmental sampling Umweltanalytik (DE-588)4282985-9 gnd Probenahme (DE-588)4047319-3 gnd |
| topic_facet | Environmental sampling Umweltanalytik Probenahme |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=012833199&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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