Variation and universals in biolinguistics:
Saved in:
| Format: | Book |
|---|---|
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Amsterdam [u.a.]
Elsevier
2004
|
| Edition: | 1. ed. |
| Series: | North -Holland linguistics series
62: Linguistic variations |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XXIII, 421 S. |
| ISBN: | 0444512314 |
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MARC
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Variation and universals in biolinguistics |c ed. Lyle Jenkins |
| 250 | |a 1. ed. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Amsterdam [u.a.] |b Elsevier |c 2004 | |
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Record in the Search Index
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| adam_text | Contents
Introduction xvii
Variation in Typology, Acquisition and Change
1. Antisymmetry and Japanese
Richard Kayne
1.0 Introduction 3
1.1 Japanese 5
1.1.1 The Position of Objects 5
1.1.2 Relative Pronouns 6
1.1.3 Head-finality 7
1.2 Additional Cross-Linguistic Gaps 9
1.2.1 Serial Verbs 9
1.2.2 AuxVvs. VAux 9
1.2.3 Adverbs and ( Heavy ) Objects 10
1.2.4 OVXLanguages 12
1.2.5 Subordinating Conjunctions 13
1.2.6 Negation and Auxiliaries 14
1.2.7 DP 14
1.3 Some Modifications 14
1.3.1 Word Order in Adjuncts vs. in Complements 14
1.3.2 Adpositions and Complementizers 15
1.3.3 (Remnant) VP-movement 17
1.3.4 Postpositions 19
1.3.5 Prepositional Complementizers 21
1.3.6 Non-prepositional Complementizers 23
1.3.7 Final Complementizers 28
1.4 Conclusion 29
2. Toward a Theory of Language Growth
Charles Yang
2.0 Endowment and Experience 37
2.1 The Variational Model of Language Acquisition 39
2.1.1 Triggering and Typological Thinking 39
2.1.2 A Variational Interpretation of Child Language 40
2.2 Variations in Child Grammar 42
2.2.1 Subject Drop as Topic Drop 42
2.2.2 Optionality in Wh-questions 45
2.3 From Data to Grammar 46
2.3.1 Not all Parameters are Set Early 47
X
2.3.2 Parameters and Frequencies 48
2.4 Toward Language Growth 50
2.4.1 Variation and Universal Grammar 50
2.4.2 Variation and Selectionist Growth 52
3. Phase transitions in language evolution
Partha Niyogi
3.0 Introduction 57
3.1 The Conceptual Framework of Language Evolution 59
3.2 Example 1 61
3.2.1 An Example of Lexical Change 64
3.3 Example 2 66
3.3.1 Linguistic Background 66
3.3.2 Computational Analysis 67
3.3.2.1 The Grammatical Setting 67
3.3.2.2 Learning and Evolution 68
3.3.3 Bifurcations and Syntactic Change 69
3.4 Outlook 72
Variation in Genetics and Domain Specificity
4. Genetic Differences and Language Affinities
Isabelle Dupanloup
4.0 Human Evolution: The Results of Paleontology 77
4.1 Paleontology, Archaeology, Linguistics and Population Genetics: Different
Dates, But One Human History 80
4.2 The Beginnings of Human Population Genetics 81
4.3 Genetic Relationships Between Living Primates 82
4.4 Origin of Modern Humans 83
4.5 The Peopling History of Europe 85
4.6 Correlation Between Linguistic and Genetic Diversity 86
4.7 Linguistic Boundaries and Genetic Barriers: Blood Group and Protein Data 87
4.8 Molecular Genetic Data and Linguistic Groups 89
4.9 A Different Time Scale for the Evolution of DNA Data and Languages? 91
5. Beyond Narrow Syntax
Sergey Avrutin
5.0 The Placeof the C-I Interface 96
5.1 Some Theoretical Observations 97
5.2 Some Experimental Observations 98
5.3 The Model 99
5.4 Referentially Dependent Elements 101
xi
5.5 Information Structure and the Distribution of Pronominals 104
5.6 Special Registers 107
5.7 Omissions in Child and Aphasic Speech 109
5.8 Open Questions 112
5.9 Summary and Conclusions 113
6. Evidence for and Implications of a Domain-Specific Grammatical Deficit
Heather K. J. van der Lely
6.0 Relations Between Genes, Cognitive Systems, Development and
Grammatical Deficits 118
6.1 Grammatical-SLI 122
6.1.1 Non-verbal Cognitive Abilities 122
6.1.2 Non-grammatical Language Abilities 124
6.1.3 Grammatical Abilities 126
6.1.3.1 Morpho-Syntax 126
6.2 The Representational Deficit for Dependent Relations (RDDR) Account
ofG-SLI 128
6.2.1 Testing the Predictions of the RDDR Hypothesis 130
6.2.1.1 Predicted Deficits 130
6.2.1.2 Predictions for Wh-questions 131
6.2.1.3 Predicting G-SLI Subjects Strengths: Negation 132
6.2.1.4 Cross-Linguistic Evidence for the RDDR 132
6.2.1.5 Phonological Representations and G-SLI Children 134
6.2.2 Autonomy, Interaction or Cause: Evidence from Regulär and
Irregulär Morphology 135
6.3 Conclusion 138
NEUROLOGICAL VARIATION AND LANGUAGE EMERGENCE
7. The Representation of Grammatical Knowledge in the Brain
Alfonso Caramazza and Kevin Shapiro
7.0 Introduction 147
7.0.1 Initial Observations 148
7.0.2 What Constitutes Evidence? 151
7.0.3 Studying Grammatical Categories 151
7.1 Grammatical-Category Specific Deficits 152
7.1.1 Modality-Specific Deficits 152
7.1.2 Modality-Specific Deficits: A Broader View 154
7.1.3 Nouns and Verbs: A Grammatical or Semantic Deficit? 158
7.1.4 Nouns and Verbs: Morphosyntax and Grammatical Categories 159
7.1.5 Neuroanatomical Correlates of Noun and Verb Production 162
7.2 Evidence from Neuroimaging and TMS 163
xii
7.3 Discussion 165
7.3.1 What is the Function of the Left Frontal Cortex? 165
7.3.2 Different Categories or Different Morphosyntactic Mechanisms? 166
7.4 Acknowledgments 167
8. Variation in Broca s Region:
Preliminary Cross-Methodological Comparisons
Yosef Grodzinsky
8.0 Modularity in Anatomy and Linguistics 172
8.1 From Neurology to Neurolinguistics 173
8.2 A Typology of Neurolinguistic Arguments 174
8.2.1 Lesion/Aphasia Studies through the Measurement and Analysis
ofError 174
8.2.2 Electrophysiological Correlates of Cognitive Activity through ERP
and MEG 175
8.2.3 Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent (BOLD) Signal as Monitored
in PET and fMRI 175
8.3 Damage to LIFG Results in a Receptive Deficit to XP-Movement 176
8.3.1 Trace-Deletion: The Basics 176
8.3.2 Mapping Representations onto Performance 177
8.3.3 Cross Linguistic Variation 179
8.3.4 Individual Variation and Quantitative Syntax 181
8.3.5 Summary 184
8.4 Finely Tuned Receptive Syntactic Operations in the Healthy Brain: Role
of LIFG in Movement 185
8.4.1 Anatornical Variation: A Caveat 185
8.4.2 Step I: Imaging Sentence Complexity 186
8.4.3 Step II: Movement Activates Broca s Region in fMRI 186
8.4.4 Step III: Double Objects 188
8.5 An Afterthought 189
8.6 Acknowledgements 189
9. Language emergence in a language-ready brain: Acquisition
Judy Kegl
9.0 Introduction 195
9.0.1 First-Language Acquisition 195
9.0.1.1 Learning From Native Language User Models 196
9.0.1.2 Creolization 197
9.0.1.3 Re-creolization 198
9.0.1.4 Language Emergence de novo 199
9.0.2 The FocusofThis Paper 200
9.0.3 Availability of the Data 200
9.1 Notation 201
9.1.1 The Lexical and Sublexical Structure of ASL Signs 201
xiii
9.1.2 MOV-LOC Notation 202
9.2 Language 203
9.2.1 American Sign Language (Sublexical Morphology in Frozen Signs) 204
9.2.1.1 ENCOURAGE 205
9.2.1.2 MEET 207
9.2.1.3 Summary 209
9.2.2 Nicaraguan Sign Language (Sublexical Morphology
in Productive Signs) 209
9.2.3 Summary 214
9.3 Gesture 214
9.3.1 Distinguishing Gesture from Signing 215
9.3.2 Characteristics of Gestural Communication 216
9.3.2.1 Gestures Shared by a Cultural Group 216
9.3.2.2 The Cooccurrence of Gesture and Language 217
9.3.3 Gesturers Influenced by Exposure to a Signed Language After the
Critical Period 217
9.3.3.1 Repetition 217
9.3.3.2 Lexicon 217
9.3.3.3 Grammar 218
9.3.4 Summary 218
9.4 Language-Relevant Non-Language Input 219
9.4.1 Gestural Precursors to Typological Choices 220
9.4.1.1 NullSubjects 220
9.4.1.2 Role Prominence 220
9.4.1.3 Causative Markers 220
9.4.1.4 Spatial Agreement 221
9.4.1.5 Auxiliaries 223
9.4.1.6 Serial Verbs 224
9.4.1.7 Reduplication for Aspect Marking on Verbs 225
9.4.1.8 Nonmanual Markers for Questions 225
9.4.1.9 Topic Marking 225
9.4.1.10 Summary 225
9.4.2 Emergent Language Characteristics Not Evident in the Input 226
9.4.2.1 Nonmanual Grammatical Facial Expressions Over Syntactic
Domains 226
9.4.2.2 Multiple Arguments Associated with a Single Verb 226
9.4.2.3 Three Distinct Morphological Classes of Verbs:
Piain, Agreeing, Locative 226
9.4.2.4 Object Classifiers 227
9.4.2.5 Recursion 227
9.4.3 Typological Characteristics Divergent from the Input 228
9.4.3.1 A Noun Classifier System 228
9.4.3.2 Lip-pointing as a Means of Deixis 230
9.4.4 Summary 232
9.5 Conclusion 232
xiv
Variation in Developmental Genetics and Language
Disorders
10. Lenneberg s Dream: Learning, Normal Language Development
and Specific Language Impairment
Ken Wexler
10.0 The Computational System of Language 239
10.1 Inflection and Tense 241
10.2 Optional Infinitives in Children 243
10.3 Very Early Parameter Setting, Learning, and Imitation 245
10.4 OIsinEnglish 251
10.5 SubjectCase 253
10.6 Variation Across Languages in the OI Stage: The NS/OI Correlation 258
10.7 Crosslinguistic Variation in Development 259
10.8 Is the OI Stage Due to Learning? 261
10.8.1 Problems for the Hypothesis that Learning is the Cause of
the Fading Away of the OI Stage 262
10.9 Is it Genetically-Guided Maturation? 264
10.10 Further Evidence that the OI Stage Dies Away Under Maturational
Guidance 265
10.10.1 Additional Empirical Arguments that the UCC is Genetically
(Maturationally, Developmentally) Guided 266
10.10.1.1 Variables That Affect Learning 266
10.10.1.2 Behavioral Genetics 269
10.10.1.3 Specific Language Impairment 271
10.11 Clinical Markers for SLI: Crosslinguistic Variation 276
10.12 Genetics and SLI 280
11. Exploring the Phenotype of Specific Language Impairment:
a Look at Grammatical Variability
Larry Leonard
11.0 Introduction 285
11.1 The Central Role of Variability 287
11.1.1 Ruling Out Random Use 288
11.1.2 Ruling Out Memorization as the Principal Source of Variability 288
11.1.3 Implications 289
11.2 Variability and the Extended Optional Infinitive Account 290
11.3 Variability and Sentence Formulation Demands 291
11.3.1 Sentence Formulation and Argument Structure 291
11.3.2 Facilitation of Sentence Formulation Through Priming 292
11.4 When Linguistic Knowledge and Processing Accounts are Compatible 293
11.5 Summary 295
XV
12. The Investigation of Genetic Dysphasia
Myrna Gopnik
12.0 Introduction 299
12.1 Dysphasia 300
12.2 Genetic Evidence 300
12.3 Neurology 301
12.4 Alternative Explanations 301
12.5 Linguistic Data 303
12.6 Psycholinguistics 305
12.7 Conclusion 305
Unification of Linguistics into the Natural Sciences
13. Unification in Biolinguistics
Lyle Jenkins
13.0 Introduction 317
13.1 FOXP2 and the Language Gene Discussion 318
13.2 Emergentism 319
13.3 Rethinking the Nature-Nurture Debate 322
13.4 Lieberman s Critique of the Biolinguistic Approach 325
13.4.1 On Language 325
13.4.2 Everest Linguistics 329
13.4.3 On Development 330
13.4.4 On Evolution 332
13.5 Beyond Explanatory Adequacy 334
13.6 Symmetry Breaking as an Origin of Species 335
13.7 Language as a Complex System 336
13.8 Conclusion 337
14. The Immune Syntax: The Evolution of the Language Virus
Massimo Piattelli-Palmarini and Juan Uriagereka
14.0 What is Language that it May Have Evolved? 342
14.0.1 Constituent Structure 342
14.0.2 Discrete Infinity and Recursion 342
14.0.3 Displacement 343
14.0.4 Locality 343
14.0.5 Redundancy 344
14.0.6 Limited Linguistic Differences 344
14.0.7 Learnability 345
14.0.8 Autonomy of Syntax 345
14.0.9 Füll Interpretation and Compositionality 346
14.0.10 Conservativity 346
xvi
14.1 What is Evolution, that it May Apply to Language? 347
14.1.1 A Tendency to Depart Indefinitely 347
14.1.2 Some Dynamic Considerations 348
14.1.3 The Long-term Effects of Jumping Genes 348
14.2 Structural Perfection in Language 350
14.2.1 Other Optimal Solutions in Biological Evolution 351
14.2.2 Near-perfect Foraging Strategies 352
14.2.3 Why (Narrow) Syntax May be Perfect 352
14.3 A Tri-Partite Evolutionary Story 353
14.3.1 PS 354
14.3.2 CS 354
14.3.3 PS Meets NS 355
14.3.4 NS Meets CS 356
14.4 A Conjecture on the Evolution of (Narrow) Syntax 357
14.4.1 The Virus Theory 357
14.4.2 Other Consequences of (Real) Viral Interactions 359
14.4.3 Towardsa Model for the Evolution ofFLN 361
14.4.4 From Sub-symbolic to Symbolic 365
14.5 A Suggestion for Going Beyond the Metaphor 366
14.5.1 A Language Gene 367
14.5.2 A Proto-language? 368
14.5.3 Proto-variation? 369
14.5.4 Morphology as Frozen Syntax 370
14.5.5 Children are to Blame 372
15. Language and Mind: Current Thoughts on Ancient Problems
Noam Chomsky
15.0 Part 1 379
15.1 Part 2 392
Name Index 407
LanguageIndex 413
Subject Index 415
|
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| indexdate | 2024-07-09T19:21:35Z |
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| spelling | Variation and universals in biolinguistics ed. Lyle Jenkins 1. ed. Amsterdam [u.a.] Elsevier 2004 XXIII, 421 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier North -Holland linguistics series 62: Linguistic variations Biolinguistik (DE-588)4122929-0 gnd rswk-swf Biolinguistik (DE-588)4122929-0 s DE-604 Jenkins, Lyle Sonstige oth North -Holland linguistics series 62: Linguistic variations (DE-604)BV001900931 62 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=010670800&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Variation and universals in biolinguistics North -Holland linguistics series Biolinguistik (DE-588)4122929-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4122929-0 |
| title | Variation and universals in biolinguistics |
| title_auth | Variation and universals in biolinguistics |
| title_exact_search | Variation and universals in biolinguistics |
| title_full | Variation and universals in biolinguistics ed. Lyle Jenkins |
| title_fullStr | Variation and universals in biolinguistics ed. Lyle Jenkins |
| title_full_unstemmed | Variation and universals in biolinguistics ed. Lyle Jenkins |
| title_short | Variation and universals in biolinguistics |
| title_sort | variation and universals in biolinguistics |
| topic | Biolinguistik (DE-588)4122929-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Biolinguistik |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=010670800&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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