Making global trade work for people:
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
London
Earthscan
2003
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. publ. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references |
| Beschreibung: | xxxii, 341 p. 26 cm |
| ISBN: | 1853839817 1853839825 |
Internformat
MARC
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804129991465631744 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | CONTENTS
Preface xi
Acknowledgements xv
Abbreviations xix
Glossary xxi
Overview Making global trade work for people 1
Part 1 Trade for human development 19
Chapter 1 Human development and trade 21
Human development—the concept and its implications 21
Linking trade and human development 24
is trade liberalization good for growth and human development? 28
Does trade liberalization improve gender outcomes? 32
how do gender inequalities affect trade performance? 33
What really matters for trade as part of a broader industrialization
and development strategy 34
Key messages 41
Notes 42
References 43
Chapter 2 The global trade regime 49
Can there be fair outcomes without fair processes? 49
The World Trade Organization—a major shift in global trade rules 53
The World Trade Organization s formal governance structure 54
Special and differential treatment 55
Annex 2.1 Exceptions from world trade organization commitments
for developing countries 58
Annex 2.2 Special provisions for the least developed countries
in World Trade Organization agreements 59
Notes 60
References 60
Chapter 3 Towards a human development oriented global trade regime 63
The multilateral trade regime and its implications for human development 63
a trade regime friendly to human development is possible 68
From a market exchange to a human development perspective 70
Notes 70
References 71
CONTENTS
Chapter 4 Reforms to the global governance of trade 73
Changes needed in the global trade regime 73
Background analysis and additional issues 77
Annex 4.1 Regional trade agreements and the multilateral regime 93
Notes 100
References 102
Part 2 Agreements and issues 105
Chapters Agriculture 109
Should agriculture be treated differently? 109
Tariffs and market access 112
Subsidies 117
Food security, employment and livelihoods 123
Proposals for the future 135
Notes 141
References 143
Chapter 6 Commodities 147
a brief history 147
the situation today 149
Proposals for the future 154
Note 155
References 155
Chapter 7 Industrial tariffs 157
Market access since the Uruguay Round 158
Higher tariffs and policy space in developing countries 161
The way forward 162
Notes 165
References 165
Chapter 8 Textiles and clothing 167
The road to agreement on textiles and clothing: A historical review 167
Growth in textile and clothing trade 169
The underlying dynamics of the agreements on textile and clothing trade 171
Factors and events influencing the present situation in textile
and clothing trade 172
The future outlook for textile and clothing trade 178
References 182
Chapter 9 Anti dumping 185
The faulty economic logic of anti dumping—industry and consumers both suffer 186
Problems with anti dumping methodology 187
Effects of anti dumping on developing country exporters 189
Developing countries growing use of anti dumping 190
The way forward 192
References 193
CONTENTS
Chapter 10 Subsidies 195
Definition of and limits on subsidies 195
Issues for developing countries and human development 197
The way forward 200
References 200
Chapter 11 Trade Related aspects of Intellectual Property Rights 203
The TRIPS Agreement 203
trips in the context of development 205
Implications for developing countries: Links with human development 208
TRIPS plus 219
Setting the agenda 221
Annex 11.1 Main provisions of the TRIPS Agreement 224
Annex 11.2 TRIPS and traditional knowledge 225
Notes 226
References 229
Chapter 12 Trade Related Investment Measures and investment 235
The TRIMs agreement 235
Where we are now 236
The way forward 240
Investment 242
Notes 252
References 253
Chapter 13 General Agreement on Trade in Services 255
Features and structure of the agreement 255
Opportunities provided by the agreement 258
Problems created by the agreement: Actual flexibility 261
Human development implications of the agreement at the sectoral level:
Operationalizing beneficial articles 265
The way forward 275
Notes 280
References 282
Chapter 14 Competition policy 287
Experience with domestic competition policy and lessons for developing countries 287
The need for domestic competition policy in today s world 291
An international agreement on competition policy in the
World Trade Organization 292
The way forward 294
Notes 294
References 295
Chapter 15 Transparency in government procurement 297
Government procurement under the multilateral trade regime 297
The development dilemma 299
a direction for the future 300
Notes 301
References 301
CONTENTS
Chapter 16 Trade facilitation 303
Potential for increased vulnerability 303
Implementation and opportunity costs 305
a way forward 306
Note 306
References 306
Chapter 17 Standards 309
Issues for developing countries 310
a way forward 314
Note 314
References 315
Chapter 18 Trade and environmental policy 317
Why do environmental standards and the measures used to achieve them
matter to human development? 320
do societies face trade offs between high environmental standards
and trade and investment flows? 321
What principles should guide the management of trade offs between
environmental and trade policies? 322
Which procedures and institutions should be entrusted with managing
trade offs between environmental and trade policies? 327
a way forward 330
References 331
Chapter 19 Strengthening capacities 335
Technical assistance within the framework of the World Trade Organization 336
Technical assistance after Doha 339
Note 340
References 340
Boxes
1.1 Economic growth and human development 23
1.2 Trade theory 25
1.3 Trade, poverty and growth in the least developed countries 34
2.1 a brief history of the global trade regime 50
2.2 Underlying features of GATT1947 and WTO 1995 52
5.1 The Agreement on Agriculture: History, promise and where we are now 110
5.2 An example of a tariff rate quota 114
5.3 Domestic support measures under the Agreement on Agriculture 118
5.4 European dumping of milk powder in Jamaica 121
5.5 The 2002 US Farm Security and Rural Investment Act (Farm Bill) 124
5.6 Effects of agricultural trade agreements in the Philippines and Mexico 132
5.7 Moving to non traditional exports: The experience in Central America 134
5.8 The development box 139
6.1 The case of coffee 150
6.2 The case of cotton 152
6.3 The case of shea butter 153
CONTENTS
7.1 Are industrial tariffs really higher in developing countries?
The case of labour intensive manufacturing 160
7.2 Bangladesh s lost opportunities for human development due to high
tariffs in industrial countries 162
7.3 do reductions in industrial tariffs result in deindustrialization? 163
7.4 Trade taxes and development policy 164
8.1 milestones in agreements on textiles and clothing trade 168
8.2 Leeway in the agreement on textiles and clothing 173
8.3 Welfare gains from liberalizing textiles and clothing trade:
Qualifications to the models 176
8.4 Quota rents:The case of Hong Kong, China (SAR) 177
8.5 Ways to get around the safeguards of the Agreement on Textiles
and Clothing 180
8.6 Effects of phasing out the Multifibre Arrangement on
human development in bangladesh 181
9.1 the origins, initial use and evolution of anti dumping 186
9.2 Anti dumping actions as trade harassment: The case of Vietnamese catfish 191
10.1 Subsidies—a crucial tool for development 197
10.2 Small economies, export subsidies and countervailing actions 198
10.3 Fishing for subsidies 200
11.1 TRIPS: A historical perspective 204
11.2 Empirical evidence on intellectual property rights 206
11.3 Brazil s experience with implementing TRIPS 210
11.4 Illustrative sui generis systems 219
11.5 The revised Bangui Agreement, 1999 220
12.1 The history of international agreements on investment 237
12.2 Complaints about Indonesia s car programme 241
12.3 two examples of nafta s chapter 11 on investor state relationships 250
13.1 The General Agreement on Trade in Services:
History and where we are now 256
13.2 Overall coverage of the General Agreement on Trade in Services 258
13.3 An example of a government schedule on a mode of service:
Chile and mode 3 259
13.4 The request offer approach and the formula approach 263
13.5 women and financial liberalization 271
13.6 International movement of labour:Theory and empirics 273
13.7 Some of India s proposals on removing limitations on the movement
of natural persons 276
13.8 Construction: A service sector of interestto developing countries 277
13.9 Services and human development:The energy sector 278
13.10 Services and human development: The environment sector 279
14.1 Competition policy in the international context: A brief history 288
15.1 GOVERNMENT PROCUREMENT AND THE WORLD TRADE REGIME: A BRIEF HISTORY 298
16.1 Trade facilitation: A brief history 304
17.1 Multilateral agreements on standards: A brief history 310
17.2 The meat hormone dispute 312
18.1 Environmental policy and GATT/WTO: A history of implicit policy making 319
CONTENTS
18.2 effects of environmental degradation in the developing world 321
18.3 economic liberalization and the environment 322
18.4 The shrimp turtle dispute 324
18.5 Rio principles for managing trade offs between trade
AND THE ENVIRONMENT 327
18.6 Proposals in the 1990s on environment and trade 328
19.1 Technical assistance in World Trade Organization agreements 337
Figures
1.1 from human development to growth—and back 26
1.2 low import tariffs are good for growth? think again 29
1.3 Tariffs did not impede growth in India 31
5.1 Food exports as a share of food imports in the least developed
and other developing countries, 1971 99 127
5.2 Shares of world exports of goods and services from the least
developed and other developing countries, 1 980 99 1 29
5.3 Food imports as a share of all merchandise imports in the
least developed countries, by country, 1 997 99 1 30
7.1 Simple tariffs on manufactured goods in three groups of
developing countries 159
9.1 Anti dumping initiations, by country group, 1995 99 190
9.2 Anti dumping initiations by industrial and developing countries,
1986 99 192
Tables
1.1 The Washington Consensus 35
4.1 wto mediated disputes between developing and industrial countries,
by agreement category, 1 january 1995 9 september 2002 84
5.1 Examples of 1995 tariff quota rates 115
8.1 textile and clothing exports of 13 leading exporters, 1965 96 169
8.2 Post Uruguay Round tariff rates and concessions in
selected countries and groups 1 77
9.1 Anti dumping cases filed against transition economies, 1995 99 190
13.1 an example of a government schedule for engineering services 260
Annex tables
2.1 Exceptions from world trade organization commitments
for developing countries 58
2.2 Special provisions for the least developed countries
in World Trade Organization agreements 59
11.1 Main provisions of the TRIPS Agreement 224
11.2 TRIPS AND TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE 225
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| spelling | Making global trade work for people UNDP ... [Coord. Kamal Malhotra ...] 1. publ. London Earthscan 2003 xxxii, 341 p. 26 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references Soziale Gerechtigkeit (DE-588)4236433-4 gnd rswk-swf Globalisierung (DE-588)4557997-0 gnd rswk-swf Außenhandelspolitik (DE-588)4003841-5 gnd rswk-swf Globalisierung (DE-588)4557997-0 s Außenhandelspolitik (DE-588)4003841-5 s Soziale Gerechtigkeit (DE-588)4236433-4 s DE-604 Malhotra, Kamal Sonstige oth UNDP Sonstige (DE-588)1009077-0 oth HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=010321757&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
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| title | Making global trade work for people |
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| title_full | Making global trade work for people UNDP ... [Coord. Kamal Malhotra ...] |
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