Environmental radioactivity:
Saved in:
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
New York [u. a.]
Acad. Press.
1973
|
| Edition: | 2. ed. |
| Series: | Environmental sciences
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XII, 542 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
Staff View
MARC
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Environmental radioactivity |c Merrill Eisenbud |
| 250 | |a 2. ed. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a New York [u. a.] |b Acad. Press. |c 1973 | |
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| 650 | 4 | |a Radioactivity | |
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Record in the Search Index
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|---|---|
| adam_text | Titel: Environmental radioactivity
Autor: Eisenbud, Merril
Jahr: 1973
Contents
Preface ix
Preface to First Edition xi
1. Introduction 1
The Early History of Radioactivity 2
The Atomic Energy Industry 5
Some Introductory Comments on the Study of Environmental Radio-
activity 6
Comparison between Radioactivity and Chemical Environmental
Contamination 10
Attitudes toward Radioactive Contamination of the Environment 12
2. The Biological Basis of Radiation Protection 14
Early Knowledge of Radiation Effects 15
Summary of Present Knowledge of Radiation Effects on Man 19
3. Radiation Protection Standards 38
Evolution of the Maximum Permissible Dose 40
The Organizations Involved in Establishing and Implementing Radi-
ation Protection Standards 45
The Basic Standards of Maximum Permissible Radiation Exposure 52
Appendix 3-1
Appendix 3-2
73
80
4. Mechanisms of Transport in the Atmosphere 87
Properties of the Atmosphere 88
Deposition of Particulate Effluents 106
Dose Calculations from Radioactivity in the Atmosphere 112
Tropospheric and Stratospheric Behavior 115
5. The Food Chain from Soil to Man 118
Some Properties of Soils 120
Behavior of Radionuclides in Soils 122
Uptake from Soils 124
Foliar Deposition of Radionuclides 125
Metabolic Transport through Food Chains 128
6. The Aquatic Environment 137
Diffusion within Aquatic Systems 138
Mixing Characteristics in Receiving Water 141
Biological Uptake of Radionuclides 152
Role of the Suspended Soils and Sediments 157
7. Natural Radioactivity 159
Naturally Occurring Radioactive Substances 160
Natural Sources of External Ionizing Radiation 189
Man-Made Modifications of the Natural Radiation Environment 196
Areas Having Unusually High Natural Radioactivity 198
Summary of Human Exposures to Natural Ionizing Radiation 204
8. From Mines to Fabricated Fuel 205
Uranium 205
Thorium 214
9. Reactors 216
The Physics and Engineering of Reactor Safety
Types of Reaetors
Inventory of Radioactivity in Light-Water Reactors
218
230
240
Types of Reactor Mishaps 257
Criteria for the Selection of Reactor Sites 264
The Consequences of a Nuclear Attack on a Power Reactor 270
Nuclear Rockets 270
10. Miscellaneous Sources of Exposure to Radioactive Sub-
stances 272
Radium, Uranium, and Thorium 272
The Fission By-Products and Transuranic Nuclides 274
Transportation of Radioactive Substances 286
11. Fuel Reprocessing 290
Description of the Fuel Reprocessing Industry in the U.S. 290
Sources of Radioactive Emissions 294
Experience with Commercially Operated Plants 298
12. Management of Radioactive Wastes 299
Low-Level Waste Management 300
Management of High-Level Wastes 304
The Special Problems of Tritium and Krypton-85 Disposal 314
13. Fallout from Nuclear Explosions I. Short-Term Effects 316
Physical Aspects of Nuclear Explosions 317
Some Problems of Recovery from Nuclear Attack 349
14. Fallout from Nuclear Explosions II. Worldwide Effects 354
Amounts and Distribution of Radioactive Debris Produced in Weap-
ons Tests 359
Methods of Estimation. How the Radioactiva Debris Is Partitioned
among the Three Components of Fallout 360
Behavior of Individual Radionuclides Produced in Weapons Tests 364
15. Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Explosives 392
16. Environmental Contamination from Accidents
Fallout from the Thermonuclear Detonation of March 1, 1954 401
The Accident to the Windscale Reactor Number One of October, 1957 411
The Oak Ridge Plutonium Release of November, 1959 417
The Army Stationary Low-Power Reactor (SL-1) 421
The Houston Incident of March, 1957 425
Fermi Reactor Fuel Melt-Down 428
Abortive Reentry of the SNAP 9-A 428
Plutonium Fire at Rocky Flats 430
17. Methods of Environmental Surveillance 432
Some General Observations 434
Methods of Environmental Surveillance 438
Environmental Surveillance under Emergency Conditions 453
18. Environmental Radioactivity in Retrospect and Prospect 457
Human Radiation Exposure from Various Sources 457
Speculation about Future Sources of Exposure 475
Appendix. The Properties of Certain Radionuclides 479
Tritium (3H) 480
Carbon-14 480
Potassium-40 481
Manganese-54 482
Iron-55 482
Iron-59 483
Cobalt-60 484
Zinc-65 484
Krypton-85 485
Strontium-89 485
Strontium-90 486
Iodine-131 486
Cesium-134 487
Cesium-137 4gg
Lead-210 (Ra D) 488
Polonium-210 (Ra F) 489
Radon-222 4gQ
Radium-226 4g0
Thorium-232 491
Uranium-235 492
Uranium-238 492
Plutonium-238 493
Plutonium-239 494
Bibliography 495
Subject Index
531
|
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| discipline | Energietechnik, Energiewirtschaft Biologie Umwelt Medizin |
| edition | 2. ed. |
| format | Book |
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| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T19:04:59Z |
| institution | BVB |
| language | English |
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| oclc_num | 658089 |
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| physical | XII, 542 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| psigel | TUB-nveb |
| publishDate | 1973 |
| publishDateSearch | 1973 |
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| series2 | Environmental sciences |
| spelling | Eisenbud, Merril 1915- Verfasser (DE-588)119042215 aut Environmental radioactivity Merrill Eisenbud 2. ed. New York [u. a.] Acad. Press. 1973 XII, 542 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Environmental sciences Pollution radioactive Radioactive pollution Radioactivity Natürliche Radioaktivität (DE-588)4171291-2 gnd rswk-swf Umweltradioaktivität (DE-588)4186811-0 gnd rswk-swf Natürliche Radioaktivität (DE-588)4171291-2 s DE-604 Umweltradioaktivität (DE-588)4186811-0 s HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009957733&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Eisenbud, Merril 1915- Environmental radioactivity Pollution radioactive Radioactive pollution Radioactivity Natürliche Radioaktivität (DE-588)4171291-2 gnd Umweltradioaktivität (DE-588)4186811-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4171291-2 (DE-588)4186811-0 |
| title | Environmental radioactivity |
| title_auth | Environmental radioactivity |
| title_exact_search | Environmental radioactivity |
| title_full | Environmental radioactivity Merrill Eisenbud |
| title_fullStr | Environmental radioactivity Merrill Eisenbud |
| title_full_unstemmed | Environmental radioactivity Merrill Eisenbud |
| title_short | Environmental radioactivity |
| title_sort | environmental radioactivity |
| topic | Pollution radioactive Radioactive pollution Radioactivity Natürliche Radioaktivität (DE-588)4171291-2 gnd Umweltradioaktivität (DE-588)4186811-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Pollution radioactive Radioactive pollution Radioactivity Natürliche Radioaktivität Umweltradioaktivität |
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