Non-photorealistic computer graphics: modeling, rendering, and animation
Saved in:
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
San Francisco, Calif.
Morgan Kaufmann
2002
|
| Series: | The Morgan Kaufmann series in computer graphics and geometric modeling
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Item Description: | Literaturverz. S. 409 - 427 |
| Physical Description: | XXI, 470 S. Ill. |
| ISBN: | 1558607870 |
Staff View
MARC
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Record in the Search Index
| _version_ | 1804129324995969024 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | CONTENTS
Foreword vii
by David Salesin
Preface xvii
Color Insert Following page 234
1 Introduction
1.1 Before and After Photorealism 3
1.2 Non Photorealistic Rendering 7
1.2.1 Goals and Criteria for Success 7
1.2.2 A Point of View 10
1.3 Approaches to Algorithms for NPR 12
1.3.1 Image Artifacts 13
1.3.2 Model Artifacts 14
1.3.3 A Framework for Computing Image and Model
Artifacts 17
1.4 Visions for NPR 24
1.4.1 Scientific and Medical Illustration 25
1.4.2 Technical Illustration 25
1.4.3 Archaeological Illustration 27
1.4.4 Storytelling 27
Exercises 28
Bibliographic Notes 30
2 | Pixel Manipulation of Images
2.1 Halftoning Methods 32
2.1.1 Ordered Dithering 33
2.1.2 Error Diffusion 35
2.1.3 Applications to NPR 37
2.2 Screening 41
2.2.1 Basic Method 42
2.2.2 Tuning Image and Screen Intensities 44
2.2.3 Procedural Screening 48
2.2.4 Embedding Shapes in Dither Screens 52
2.3 Stippling 60
2.3.1 Automatic Methods 61
2.3.2 Interactive Methods 67
2.4 Image Mosaics 72
2.4.1 Choosing a Tiling Grid or Pattern 72
2.4.2 Arranging the Image Tiles 75
2.4.3 Choosing Tile Images 75
2.4.4 Color Correction 76
Exercises 79
Bibliographic Notes 80
Lines, Curves, and Strokes
3.1 Drawing Incorrect Lines 84
3.1.1 Observations of Human Drawings 84
3.1.2 Drawing Wiggly Lines with a Computer 85
3.2 Drawing Artistic Lines—The Path and Style Metaphor 89
3.2.1 Deforming Images 90
3.2.2 Using Path Information—Line Styles 94
3.2.3 Simulating Watercolor 99
3.3 A Generalization: Multiresolution Curves 106
3.3.1 Wavelet Representation of Curves 107
3.3.2 Editing Multiresolution Curves 108
3.4 Comparison of the Line Drawing Methods 110
Exercises 110
Bibliographic Notes 111
4 | Simulating Natural Media and Artistic Techniques
4.1 Simulating Painting with Wet Paint 114
4.1.1 Simulating Watercolor Using Cellular Automata 115
4.1.2 Computer Generated Watercolor Using Fluid
Simulation 123
4.1.3 Rendering the Simulation Results 127
4.2 Simulating Pencils Drawing on Paper 129
4.2.1 The Microscopic Level 129
4.2.2 A Model 130
4.2.3 Results 137
4.3 Simulating Woodcuts and Engravings 138
4.3.1 A Raytracing Approach for Copperplates 139
4.3.2 An Image Processing Approach for Engravings 144
Exercises 151
Bibliographic Notes 152
5 Stroke Based Illustrations
5.1 Strokes and Stroke Textures 155
5.1.1 Defining and Drawing Single Strokes 156
5.1.2 Building Stroke Textures 159
5.2 Detail and Orientation 163
5.2.1 Outlines and Shadows 163
5.2.2 Orientation 166
5.2.3 Abstraction of Detail 168
5.3 Rescaling Stroke Based Images 171
5.3.1 Goals for a Rescaling Operation 172
5.3.2 Approximating the Input as a Continuous Function 173
5.3.3 Discontinuity Edges 174
5.3.4 Creating and Reconstructing Renditions 177
Exercises 179
Bibliographic Notes 180
6 | Working with 2jD Data Structures
6.1 G Buffers 183
6.2 Operations on G Buffers 185
6.3 Comprehensible Rendering 188
6.4 Interactive Painting 191
6.5 3D Parameters for 2D Dithering 194
Exercises 199
Bibliographic Notes 200
7 Geometric Models and Their Exploitation in NPR
7.1 Geometric Models as Data Types 204
7.1.1 Data 206
7.1.2 Operations on the Data 208
7.1.3 Implementation 209
7.2 Polygonal Models 211
7.2.1 Description of Polygonal Models 212
7.2.2 Operations for Polygonal Models 213
7.2.3 Edge Classification for NPR 214
7.2.4 Computing Intersections 224
7.2.5 Determining Global Shape 226
7.3 Free Form Surfaces 233
7.3.1 Description of Free Form Surface Models 233
7.3.2 Operations on Free Form Surface Models for
Rendering 235
Exercises 243
Bibliographic Notes 244
8 | Lighting Models for NPR
8.1 Conveying Shape Versus Illumination 248
8.2 A Basic Lighting Model 253
8.3 Colored Illustrations 255
8.4 A Component Based Lighting Model 260
8.4.1 Standard Lighting and Shadows 260
8.4.2 Rim Shadow, Plateau, and Back Lighting 260
8.4.3 Curvature Lighting 261
8.4.4 Transmission and Transparency 262
8.4.5 Overall Intensity 265
8.5 Implementation Issues 266
Exercises 267
Bibliographic Notes 268
9 Distorting Non Realistic Renditions
9.1 Image Space Distortion 270
9.1.1 Fundamental Algorithm 271
9.1.2 Regions of Magnification 273
9.1.3 The Dropoff Function 275
9.1.4 Off Center Focus Points and Multiple Foci 278
9.2 Object Space Distortion 281
9.2.1 Interval Structures 282
9.2.2 The Resize Operation 283
9.2.3 An Example 284
9.2.4 Discussion of the Algorithm 286
9.2.5 An Application to Explosion Diagrams 288
9.3 Making Distortions Comprehensible 290
9.3.1 Recognition Axis 291
9.3.2 Dominance Axis 292
9.3.3 A Space of Viewing Cues 293
9.4 Distortions in an Animated Context 295
9.4.1 Distorted Transformations 296
9.4.2 Morphing the Model 297
Exercises 302
Bibliographic Notes 304
10 I Applications for NPR
10.1 Non Photorealistic Animation 305
10.1.1 Representing Motion in Still Images 307
10.1.2 Non Photorealistic Animation Based on Particle
Systems 310
10.2 Architectural Illustrations 311
10.2.1 An Empirical Study 312
10.2.2 Expressing Uncertainty in Designs 316
10.3 Rendering Plants 321
10.3.1 Rendering the Trunk, Branches, and Twigs 321
10.3.2 Rendering the Foliage 322
10.4 Illustrating Medical and Technical Texts 324
10.4.1 Generating Illustrations from Texts 326
10.4.2 Generating Labels 327
10.4.3 Generating Figure Captions 330
10.5 Tactile Rendering for Blind People 331
10.5.1 Hardware 331
10.5.2 Haptic Perception 331
10.5.3 Converting Visualizations into Tactile Presentations 332
10.5.4 Tactile Maps 333
Exercises 334
Bibliographic Notes 335
11 A Conceptual Framework for NPR
Kees van Overveld
11.1 Methodological Disclaimer 337
11.2 Mathematical Preliminaries: Equivalence Relations, Equivalence
Classes, and Quotients 341
11.2.1 Sets and Elements 342
11.2.2 Cartesian Products and Relations 342
11.2.3 Equivalence Relations and Variants 344
11.2.4 Equivalence Classes and Invariants 346
11.2.5 Quotients, (Iso)morphism, and Abstraction 352
11.2.6 Summary of Mathematical Preliminaries 357
11.3 Physical Preliminaries: Communication via Light Rays 358
11.3.1 Physical Context 359
11.3.2 Detecting Light: Basic Principles of Viewing 360
11.3.3 Summary of Viewing Related (p )Equivalence
Relations 366
11.4 Neurobiological Context: Look Ahead Sets and
Look Around Sets 370
11.4.1 Perceptual Context 377
11.5 A Model for Visual Communication 383
11.5.1 Layers and Semantic Transformations in Visual
Communication 385
11.6 Summary and Practical Connection with NPR 406
References 409
Author Index 429
Subject Index 431
Figure Credits 459
About the Authors 467
|
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| spelling | Strothotte, Thomas 1959- Verfasser (DE-588)11584113X aut Non-photorealistic computer graphics modeling, rendering, and animation Thomas Strothotte, Stefan Schlechtweg San Francisco, Calif. Morgan Kaufmann 2002 XXI, 470 S. Ill. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier The Morgan Kaufmann series in computer graphics and geometric modeling Literaturverz. S. 409 - 427 Infographie Computer graphics Computergrafik (DE-588)4010450-3 gnd rswk-swf Computergrafik (DE-588)4010450-3 s DE-604 Schlechtweg-Dorendorf, Stefan 1971- Sonstige (DE-588)121689778 oth HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009891125&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Strothotte, Thomas 1959- Non-photorealistic computer graphics modeling, rendering, and animation Infographie Computer graphics Computergrafik (DE-588)4010450-3 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4010450-3 |
| title | Non-photorealistic computer graphics modeling, rendering, and animation |
| title_auth | Non-photorealistic computer graphics modeling, rendering, and animation |
| title_exact_search | Non-photorealistic computer graphics modeling, rendering, and animation |
| title_full | Non-photorealistic computer graphics modeling, rendering, and animation Thomas Strothotte, Stefan Schlechtweg |
| title_fullStr | Non-photorealistic computer graphics modeling, rendering, and animation Thomas Strothotte, Stefan Schlechtweg |
| title_full_unstemmed | Non-photorealistic computer graphics modeling, rendering, and animation Thomas Strothotte, Stefan Schlechtweg |
| title_short | Non-photorealistic computer graphics |
| title_sort | non photorealistic computer graphics modeling rendering and animation |
| title_sub | modeling, rendering, and animation |
| topic | Infographie Computer graphics Computergrafik (DE-588)4010450-3 gnd |
| topic_facet | Infographie Computer graphics Computergrafik |
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