Microbial plant pathogens and crop disease management:
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| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Enfield, NH [u.a.]
Science Publ.
2002
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Item Description: | Includes bibliographical references (p. [397]-544) and index |
| Physical Description: | XVIII, 553 S. Ill. : 25 cm |
| ISBN: | 1578082072 |
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MARC
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Microbial plant pathogens and crop disease management |c P. Narayanasamy |
| 264 | 1 | |a Enfield, NH [u.a.] |b Science Publ. |c 2002 | |
| 300 | |a XVIII, 553 S. |b Ill. : 25 cm | ||
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| 500 | |a Includes bibliographical references (p. [397]-544) and index | ||
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| 650 | 4 | |a Plant diseases | |
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Record in the Search Index
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| adam_text | Titel: Microbial plant pathogens and crop disease management
Autor: Narayanasamy, P.
Jahr: 2002
Contents
Foreword vii
Preface ix
Acknowledgements xi
PART I : MICROBIAL PLANT PATHOGENS
1. Introduction 3
2. Characteristics of Microbial Pathogens 7
2.1 Fungal Pathogens 8
2.1.1 Classification of fungal pathogens 8
2.2 Bacterial Pathogens 21
2.2.1 Classification of bacteria 24
2.3 Phytoplasmas 29
2.3.1 Classification of phytoplasmas 29
2.4 Viruses 33
2.4.1 Classification of plant viruses 33
2.5 Viroids 43
Summary 45
3. Characteristics of Crop Diseases 47
3.1 Phases of Disease Development 47
3.1.1 Attachment of pathogen to plant surface 47
3.1.2 Germination of spores 48
3.1.3 Penetration of host plant 50
3.1.4 Colonization and further spread 55
3.1.5 Symptom expression 61
3.2 Types of Crop Diseases 61
3.2.1 Diseases caused by fungal pathogens 62
3.2.2 Diseases caused by bacterial pathogens 64
3.2.3 Diseases caused by phytoplasmas 68
3.2.4 Diseases caused by viruses 72
3.2.5 Diseases caused by viroids 75
Summary 76
Contents
PART II : PLANT-PATHOGEN INTERACTION
4. Pathogenicity and Host Defense 79
4.1 Molecular Genetics of Pathogenicity 79
4.1.1 Fungal pathogens 79
4.1.2 Bacterial pathogens 88
4.1.3 Viruses 98
4.2 Molecular Genetics of Host Defense 101
4.2.1 Viruses 102
4.2.2 Bacterial pathogens 104
4.2.3 Fungal pathogens 107
Summary 111
5. Crop Disease Diagnosis 113
5.1 Diagnosis of Fungal Diseases 114
5.1.1 Detection of seedborne fungal pathogens 114
5.1.2 Visual inspection and tissue examination of aerial
plant parts 116
5.1.3 Bait tests for root-infecting fungi 116
5.1.4 Molecular diagnostic techniques 117
5.2 Diagnosis of Bacterial Diseases 120
5.2.1 Detection of seed infection 120
5.2.2 Visual inspection and tissue examination 121
5.2.3 Immunological assays 122
5.2.4 Nucleic acid-based techniques 123
5.2.5 Tests for utilization of nutrients 125
5.3 Diagnosis of Phytoplasmal Diseases 125
5.3.1 Staining techniques 126
5.3.2 Immunological assays 126
5.3.3 Nucleic acid-based techniques 127
5.4 Diagnosis of Viral Diseases 129
5.4.1 Tests based on biological properties 129
5.4.2 Tests based on intrinsic virus properties 130
5.5 Diagnosis of Viroid Diseases 135
5.5.1 Biological properties of viroids 136
5.5.2 Detection by molecular techniques 136
5.6 Crop Disease Diagnostic Centers 137
Summary 138
6. Assessment of Crop Loss Caused by Microbial Pathogens 141
6.1 Phytopathometry or Disease Assessment 142
6.1.1 Disease intensity 143
Summary 151
Contents
PART III : CROP DISEASE MANAGEMENT-PRINCIPLES AND
PRACTICES
7. Principles of Crop Disease Management 155
8. Methods of Preventing Introduction of Microbial Pathogens 159
8.1 Use of Disease-free Seeds and Planting Materials 159
8.1.1 Production of virus-free plants 160
8.1.2 Production of phytoplasma-free plants 163
8.1.3 Production of viroid-free plants 164
8.1.4 Production of propagating materials free of fungal
and bacterial pathogens 165
8.1.5 Heat therapy for pathogen elimination 166
8.2 Regulatory Methods 167
8.2.1 Plant quarantines 168
Summary 175
9. Cultural Practices for Crop Disease Management 177
9.1 Crop Sanitation 177
9.1.1 Disease-free propagating materials 177
9.1.2 Irrigation water 178
9.1.3 Infected plant debris 178
9.1.4 Elimination of infected plants and plant parts 179
9.1.5 Elimination of alternative and alternate hosts 180
9.2 Crop Nutrition 181
9.2.1 Organic matter 181
9.2.2 Fertilizers 186
9.3 Tillage 188
9.4 Planting Date and Density 190
9.5 Irrigation Practices 192
9.6 Effects of Other Crops 194
9.6.1 Crop sequence 194
9.6.2 Multiple cropping 195
9.6.3 Monoculture 196
Summary 198
10. Physical and Chemical Techniques for Crop Disease Management 199
10.1 Treatment of Plant Propagative Materials 199
10.1.1 Physical techniques 199
10.1.2 Chemical techniques 200
10.1.3 Fermentation 201
10.2 Treatment of Host Plants 201
10.3 Soil Treatment 202
10.3.1 Fallowing and flooding 202
10.3.2 Heat disinfestation of soil 203
10.3.3 Inorganic mulches 203
10.3.4 Manipulation of soil reaction (pH) 208
Summary 209
Ixvi
Contents
11. Host Resistance to Microbial Plant Pathogens 211
11.1 Kinds of Resistance 211
11.1.1 Vertical resistance 212
11.1.2 Horizontal resistance 216
11.1.3 Effects of pathogen variation on host plant resistance 217
11.1.4 Durable resistance 221
11.2 Sources of Resistance to Crop Diseases 223
11.2.1 Methods of screening 224
11.3 Breeding for Disease Resistance 226
11.3.1 Resistance to pathogens showing high variability 227
11.3.2 Resistance to pathogens with less or no variation 233
11.3.3 Resistance to pathogens producing host-specific toxins 233
11.3.4 Resistance to viral diseases 235
11.3.5 Molecular markers for resistance to crop diseases 238
Summary 241
Appendix 242
12. Biocontrol Agents for Crop Disease Management 249
12.1 Use of Microbes 249
12.1.1 Mechanism of action of biocontrol agents (BCAs) 251
12.1.2 Factors influencing activities of biocontrol agents 257
12.1.3 Application methods 267
12.1.4 Formulation and registration of biocontrol agents 281
12.1.5 Genetic engineering for improved performance 283
12.1.6 Integration of biocontrol agents with other disease
control strategies 287
12.2 Cross-Protection 288
12.2.1 Cross-protection against viral diseases 289
12.2.2 Cross-protection against bacterial and fungal diseases 291
Summary 292
Appendix 292
13. Biotechnology for Improvement of Crop Disease Resistance 301
13.1 Techniques Employed for Managing Crop Diseases 302
13.1.1 Production of disease-free plants 302
13.1.2 Methods for improving resistance to diseases 302
13.2 Strategies for Engineering Disease Resistance 304
13.2.1 Viral diseases 304
13.2.2 Fungal diseases 313
13.2.3 Bacterial diseases 317
13.3 Induction of Resistance to Diseases 321
13.3.1 Characteristics of systemic acquired resistance 321
13.3.2 Viruses as inducers of disease resistance 324
13.3.3 Fungi as inducers of disease resistance 326
13.3.4 Bacteria as inducers of disease resistance 328
13.3.5 Plant products as inducers of disease resistance 335
13.3.6 Chemicals as inducers of disease resistance 336
Summary 340
Contents xvii
14. Crop Disease Management Using Chemicals 341
14.1 Development of Fungicides 342
14.2 Classification of Fungicides 343
14.2.1 Fungicidal activity 343
14.2.2 Target site of activity 344
14.2.3 Nature of active ingredients 344
14.3 Nonsystemic protectant fungicides 344
14.3.1 Modes of action of protectant fungicides 346
14.4 Systemic Fungicides 347
14.4.1 Apoplastic movement of systemic fungicides 350
14.4.2 Symplastic movement of systemic fungicides 351
14.4.3 Uptake of systemic fungicides 351
14.4.4 Mechanisms of action of systemic fungicides 352
14.5 Antibiotics 354
14.5.1 Modes of action of antibiotics 356
14.6 Chemicals for Viral Disease Management 356
14.6.1 Antiviral chemicals 356
14.6.2 Chemicals suppressing symptoms 357
14.6.3 Chemicals for the control of vectors 358
14.6.4 Chemicals preventing virus transmission 359
14.7 Hazards of Disease Management Chemicals 360
14.7.1 Human hazards 360
14.7.2 Environmental hazards 361
14.7.3 Effects on nontarget pathogens 361
14.7.4 Development of resistance to fungicides 362
14.8 Development of New Fungicides 367
14.8.1 Triazoles 367
14.8.2 7-Hydroxyarylacetamides 368
14.8.3 Natural products 368
14.9 Tests for Disease Management Chemicals 372
14.9.1 Laboratory tests 372
14.9.2 Field evaluation of fungicides 374
14.9.3 Toxicological considerations 375
14.10 Application Methods 377
14.11 Integration of Chemical Use with Other Disease
Management Strategies 380
14.11.1 Chemical application based on prediction models 380
14.11.2 Integration with host resistance 384
14.11.3 Integration with biocontrol agents 385
Summary 386
Appendix 386
Ixviii
Contents
15. Integrated Disease Management 391
15.1 Development of Integrated Disease Management (IDM) 391
15.2 Choice of Strategies of Disease Management 392
15.2.1 Prevention of introduction of pathogens 392
15.2.2 Reduction of pathogen inoculum 393
15.2.3 Restricting the rate of disease spread 393
15.2.4 Curing infected plants 394
15.3 Role of Crop Disease Management in Sustainable Agriculture 395
References 397
Index 545
|
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| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T19:03:20Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 1578082072 |
| language | English |
| lccn | 2002075731 |
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| physical | XVIII, 553 S. Ill. : 25 cm |
| publishDate | 2002 |
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| spelling | Narayanasamy, P. 1937- Verfasser (DE-588)120130599 aut Microbial plant pathogens and crop disease management P. Narayanasamy Enfield, NH [u.a.] Science Publ. 2002 XVIII, 553 S. Ill. : 25 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references (p. [397]-544) and index Phytopathogenic microorganisms Control Plant diseases Mikroorganismus (DE-588)4039226-0 gnd rswk-swf Schädlingsbekämpfung (DE-588)4051952-1 gnd rswk-swf Pflanzenschädling (DE-588)4132093-1 gnd rswk-swf Mikroorganismus (DE-588)4039226-0 s Pflanzenschädling (DE-588)4132093-1 s Schädlingsbekämpfung (DE-588)4051952-1 s DE-604 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009890789&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Narayanasamy, P. 1937- Microbial plant pathogens and crop disease management Phytopathogenic microorganisms Control Plant diseases Mikroorganismus (DE-588)4039226-0 gnd Schädlingsbekämpfung (DE-588)4051952-1 gnd Pflanzenschädling (DE-588)4132093-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4039226-0 (DE-588)4051952-1 (DE-588)4132093-1 |
| title | Microbial plant pathogens and crop disease management |
| title_auth | Microbial plant pathogens and crop disease management |
| title_exact_search | Microbial plant pathogens and crop disease management |
| title_full | Microbial plant pathogens and crop disease management P. Narayanasamy |
| title_fullStr | Microbial plant pathogens and crop disease management P. Narayanasamy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Microbial plant pathogens and crop disease management P. Narayanasamy |
| title_short | Microbial plant pathogens and crop disease management |
| title_sort | microbial plant pathogens and crop disease management |
| topic | Phytopathogenic microorganisms Control Plant diseases Mikroorganismus (DE-588)4039226-0 gnd Schädlingsbekämpfung (DE-588)4051952-1 gnd Pflanzenschädling (DE-588)4132093-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Phytopathogenic microorganisms Control Plant diseases Mikroorganismus Schädlingsbekämpfung Pflanzenschädling |
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