Cognitive neurology: an introduction
Saved in:
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
London
Imperial College Press
2001
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XVII, 338 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 1860941281 |
Staff View
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Cognitive neurology |b an introduction |c Stefano F. Cappa |
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| 650 | 4 | |a Cognition Disorders | |
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| 650 | 4 | |a Mental illness |x Etiology | |
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Record in the Search Index
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| adam_text | Contents
Foreword vii
Preface be
Section 1 An Introduction to Cognitive Neuroscience 1
1.1 Basic Notions 3
Hemispheric Asymmetry: A Historical Introduction 3
Language dominance 4
Language dominance and handedness 4
Hemispheric asymmetry 5
The anatomical basis of hemispheric asymmetry 8
Functional Imaging 9
Positron emission tomography 10
Functional magnetic resonance (fMR) 14
Cognitive neurophysiology 16
1.2 Language 18
Cognitive Models of Language 19
Single words: Multiple processing pathways 19
Interactionist models 23
The influence of theoretical linguistics:
Sentence processing 25
On line studies of language processing 27
Connectionist modelling of language processing 28
The Neural Basis of Language 30
Functional neuroimaging 30
Neurophysiological investigations 35
Other languages: Numbers and music 36
1.3 Attention 38
Definitions 38
The Locus of Attention 39
Selective Spatial Attention and the Automatic Controlled
Dichotomy 40
Posterior and Anterior Attentional Systems 40
Global/Local Attention 42
Xi
xii Contents
Inhibition of Irrelevant Responses 43
The Premotor Theory of Spatial Attention 44
Imaging Studies of Attention 44
1.4 Perception and Action 46
Visual Perception 46
Object perception 48
Spatial perception 52
Action 53
Object oriented action: reaching and grasping 53
Complex movements and action planning 55
Auditory Perception 56
Somoesthetic Perception 57
1.5 Memory 58
The Multiple Memory Systems Model 58
Short term memory/working memory 59
Declarative (episodic semantic) memory 61
Implicit memory 64
Procedural memory 65
Priming 65
The Neurology of Memory 66
Animal studies 67
Neuroimaging 69
1.6 Executive Functions 74
Slips of Action and Prospective Memory 75
The Central Executive of Working Memory 77
Willed Action and Reality Monitoring 77
Reasoning and Decision Making 79
Functional Imaging of the Frontal Lobe 81
1.7 Emotions 82
The Emotional Processing Pathways 82
The Hemispheric Dominance for Emotional Control 82
Neuroimaging of Emotions in Humans 85
References 85
Section 2 Cognitive Assessment 105
2.1 General Assessment 108
2.2 Mental Status Testing 113
Vigilance and arousal 114
Alertness and attention 114
Contents xiii
Language 115
Calculation 120
Right left orientation and finger gnosis 120
Praxis 121
Visual and spatial functions 121
Memory 123
Reasoning, judgement and control of behaviour 123
2.3 Neuropsychological Tests 126
The WAIS as a neuropsychological instrument 127
Cognitive screening tests 127
Attention and vigilance 128
Language 128
Calculation 129
Visuo spatial perception and construction 129
Praxis 130
Memory 130
Frontal lobe function 135
Rating scales 136
Computerised testing procedures 136
References 137
Section 3 Clinical Presentations 145
3.1 Selective Neuropsychological Disorders 146
The Aphasias 146
Aphasic syndromes 149
Non fluent aphasias with impaired repetition 150
Broca s aphasia 150
Global aphasia 152
Fluent aphasias with impaired repetition 153
Wernicke s aphasia 153
Conduction aphasia 153
Aphasias with preserved repetition 154
Transcortical aphasias 154
Anomic aphasia 156
Alexia with agraphia 157
Pure forms 158
Anarthria 158
Pure word deafness 158
xiv Contents
Pure agraphia 159
Alexia without agraphia 159
Subcortical aphasia 160
The cognitive approach to aphasia 161
Phonological disorders 161
Lexical semantic disorders 163
Morphological and syntactic disorders 165
Disorders of written language 166
Acalculia 167
Amusia 168
The Apraxias 168
The apraxic syndromes 169
Bucco facial apraxia 170
Limb apraxia 171
Melokinetic apraxia 171
Ideomotor apraxia 171
Spatial Disorders 174
Unilateral neglect 176
The acute stage 177
The post acute stage 177
The chronic stage 178
Dissociations in ULN 180
Anatomical basis of ULN and related
manifestations 181
Interpretations of ULN 182
Simultanagnosia and Balint s syndrome 184
Topographic disorientation 187
The Agnosias 188
Visual agnosia 188
Selective disorders of early perceptual
processing 189
Apperceptive visual agnosia 190
Associative visual agnosia 192
Material specificity in visual agnosia 193
Auditory agnosia 195
Tactile agnosia 195
Modality specific naming impairments 196
Selective Disorders of Memory 197
Disorders of short term memory 198
Contents xv
The syndrome of pure amnesia 201
Disorders of episodic memory due to
neurological lesions 201
Transient global amnesia 204
Functional amnesia 205
Disorders of semantic memory:
the syndrome of semantic amnesia 205
Selective disorders of implicit memory 207
Frontal Lobe Syndrome 208
The behavioural presentations of FLS 209
Dishinibited pattern 210
Inhibited pattern 210
The cognitive manifestations of FLS 211
Memory 212
Reasoning and problem solving 212
Language and action 214
3.2 The Concept of Brain Failure 214
Alzheimer s disease 218
Clinical and neuropsychological features of AD 221
Memory 222
Language 225
Visuo spatial functions 226
Apraxia 228
Attention and executive functions 228
Behavioural disorders 228
Differential diagnosis 229
Vascular dementia 231
Neuropsychological aspects 235
Binswanger s disease 236
Pick s disease, frontotemporal dementia and other
Selective progressive neuropsychological
syndromes 236
Progressive frontal lobe syndrome 237
Progressive aphasia, semantic dementia 242
Other progressive neuropsychological
syndromes 244
Diagnosis 245
Other dementing conditions 246
Lewy body disease 246
xvi Contents
Prion diseases 247
Normal pressure hydrocephalus 247
3.3 Other Neurological Conditions Associated with
Cognitive Dysfunction 248
Traumatic Brain Damage 248
The cognitive and behavioural syndrome
of TBD 249
Memory 251
Attention and executive functions 252
Behavioural disorders 252
Language and communication 252
Other selective disorders 253
Movement Disorders 254
Parkinson s disease 254
Huntington s disease 256
Progressive supranuclear palsy 257
Multiple systems degeneration 257
Cortico basal degeneration 257
Wilson s disease 258
Multiple Sclerosis and HIV Infection 258
Multiple sclerosis 158
HIV infection 259
Epilepsy 260
Cognition in epilepsy 261
Ictal neuropsychological and behavioural
manifestations 261
Interictal neuropsychological disorders 262
Antiepileptic drug effects 263
Surgery for epilepsy 263
Psychiatric Disorders 267
References 267
Section 4 Management Issues 299
4.1 The Neural Basis of Recovery 302
Diaschisis 302
Brain plasticity 305
4.2 Cognitive Rehabilitation 307
Aphasia Rehabilitation 307
Rehabilitation of Unilateral Neglect 311
Contents xvii
Memory Rehabilitation 313
Executive Function Rehabilitation 313
Rehabilitation of Dementia Patients 314
4.3 Pharmacological Therapy 315
Alzheimer s Disease and other Dementias 315
Selective Neuropsychological Dysfunction 315
Behavioural Disorders 316
4.4 Psychological and Social Cousequences of
Cognitive Disorders 317
Psychological Consequences 318
Social Consequences 319
References 320
A Final Remark 327
Subject Index 329
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| spelling | Cappa, Stefano F. Verfasser aut Cognitive neurology an introduction Stefano F. Cappa London Imperial College Press 2001 XVII, 338 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Cognition Disorders Cognition physiology Mental illness Etiology Models, Neurological Neuropsychology HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009820619&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Cappa, Stefano F. Cognitive neurology an introduction Cognition Disorders Cognition physiology Mental illness Etiology Models, Neurological Neuropsychology |
| title | Cognitive neurology an introduction |
| title_auth | Cognitive neurology an introduction |
| title_exact_search | Cognitive neurology an introduction |
| title_full | Cognitive neurology an introduction Stefano F. Cappa |
| title_fullStr | Cognitive neurology an introduction Stefano F. Cappa |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cognitive neurology an introduction Stefano F. Cappa |
| title_short | Cognitive neurology |
| title_sort | cognitive neurology an introduction |
| title_sub | an introduction |
| topic | Cognition Disorders Cognition physiology Mental illness Etiology Models, Neurological Neuropsychology |
| topic_facet | Cognition Disorders Cognition physiology Mental illness Etiology Models, Neurological Neuropsychology |
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