Evidence based healthcare: [how to make health policy and management decisions]
Saved in:
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Edinburgh [u.a.]
Churchill Livingstone
2001
|
| Edition: | 2. ed. |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XXIX, 444 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0443062889 |
Staff View
MARC
| LEADER | 00000nam a2200000 c 4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | BV014230006 | ||
| 003 | DE-604 | ||
| 005 | 20090716 | ||
| 007 | t | ||
| 008 | 020402s2001 d||| |||| 00||| eng d | ||
| 020 | |a 0443062889 |9 0-443-06288-9 | ||
| 035 | |a (OCoLC)834527025 | ||
| 035 | |a (DE-599)BVBBV014230006 | ||
| 040 | |a DE-604 |b ger |e rakwb | ||
| 041 | 0 | |a eng | |
| 049 | |a DE-Er8 | ||
| 082 | 0 | |a 362.1068 | |
| 100 | 1 | |a Gray, J. A. Muir |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)138604533 |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Evidence based healthcare |b [how to make health policy and management decisions] |c J. A. Muir Gray |
| 250 | |a 2. ed. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Edinburgh [u.a.] |b Churchill Livingstone |c 2001 | |
| 300 | |a XXIX, 444 S. |b graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Health services administration - Great Britain | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Medical care - Great Britain | |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m HBZ Datenaustausch |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009755366&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| 999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-009755366 | ||
Record in the Search Index
| _version_ | 1804129114313981952 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | CONTENTS
HOW TO USE THIS BOOK xxi
Finding and appraising evidence
Developing the capacity for evidence
based decision making
Getting research into practice
DEFINING OUR TERMS xxv
Defining words with words
Defining words by numbers
Indefinite definitions
CONFESSIONS OF AN
AMANUENSIS xxvii
Reference
ELECTRONIC UPDATES xxix
References
PROLOGUE
THE GLOBALISATION OF
HEALTHCARE PROBLEMS AND
THEIR SOLUTIONS 1
Common problems: common solutions 2
Problems and solutions in poorer
countries 4
The USA and the rest of the developed
world 5
References
Defining our terms: paying for,
purchasing, and commissioning
healthcare 7
CHAPTER 1
EVIDENCE BASED
HEALTHCARE 9
1.1 Evidence based healthcare a
scientific approach to healthcare
management 9
1.2 Why focus on decision making? 10
Reference
1.3 The drivers of decision making:
evidence, values and resources 11
1.4 Evidence based decision making 11
1.4.1 Skills for healthcare decision
makers
1.4.2 Prerequisites for good
decision making
1.4.3 Reviewing decisions in the
light of new evidence
1.5 Defining the scope of evidence based
healthcare 14
1.5.1 Stage 1: Producing evidence
1.5.2 Stage 2: Making evidence
available
1.5.3 Stage 3: Using evidence
1.5.3.1 Evidence based patient choice
1.5.3.2 Evidence based clinical
practice
CONTENTS
1.5.3.3 Evidence based policy
making, purchasing and
management for health
services
1.6 Realising the potential of evidence
based healthcare 19
1.7 Strategic approaches to
implementing evidence based
decision making in healthcare
systems 20
1.7.1 Managed care
1.7.2 Integrated care pathways
1.7.3 Clinical guidelines
1.7.3.1 Who s accountable for
guidelines?
1.7.3.2 Clinical guidelines and the
law
1.7.3.3 Negligent authoring
1.7.3.4 Coping with the new Tower
of Babel
1.8 Evidence based healthcare and
professional liberty 30
References
1.9 The limits of healthcare in improving
health 31
1.9.1 Improving the health of
populations
1.9.2 Improving the health of
individual patients
1.9.2.1 Disease without illness
1.9.2.2 Illness without disease
References
1.10 The linguistics of an evidence based
approach 35
CHAPTER 2
DOING THE RIGHT THINGS
RIGHT 37
2.1 The growing need for evidence based
healthcare 37
2.1.1 Population ageing
2.1.2 New technology and new
knowledge
2.1.3 Patient expectations
2.1.4 Professional expectations
2.1.5 The limits to demand for
healthcare
Reference
2.2 The evolution of evidence based
healthcare 41
2.2.1 Doing things cheaper
2.2.2 Doing things better
2.2.3 Doing things right
2.2.4 Doing the right things
2.2.5 Doing the right things right
2.3 Decision rules for resource
allocation 45
Reference
2.4 The new management agenda 48
2.4.1 Strategies to increase the
good:harm ratio
2.4.1.1 Starting starting right
2.4.1.2 Stopping starting and starting
stopping
2.4.1.3 Slowing starting
2.4.2 Promoting relevant research
2.4.3 Managing the evolution of
clinical practice
References
2.5 The impact of science on clinical
practice and healthcare costs 57
Reference
2.6 Evidence based altruism 59
2.6.1 Evidence of non profit
efficiency
2.6.2 Quality of care under
capitation schemes
References
2.7 Who carries the can? 62
Defining our terms: value for money
(bangs per buck)
CHAPTER 3
MAKING DECISIONS ABOUT
HEALTH SERVICES 65
3.1 The context of the decision under
consideration 66
3.1.1 Dealing with difficult
decisions
3.1.2 Battalions of difficult
decisions
3.2 Therapy 67
3.2.1 Dimensions and definitions
3.2.2 Searching
3.2.3 Appraisal
3.2.3.1 Therapy: the balance of good
and harm
3.2.3.2 Assessing innovations in
health service delivery
3.2.4 Getting research into practice
3.2.4.1 Therapy
3.2.4.2 Innovations in health service
delivery
Reference
3.3 Tests 72
3.3.1 Dimensions and definitions
3.3.1.1 Sensitivity and specificity
3.3.1.2 Sensitivity and predictive
value
3.3.1.3 Between a rock and a hard
place
3.3.1.4 Tests: the producer s
perspective
3.3.1.5 Tests: the purchaser s
perspective
3.3.2 Searching
3.3.3 Appraisal
3.3.4 Getting research into practice
References
3.4 Screening 84
3.4.1 Dimensions and definitions
3.4.1.1 The changing balance of good
and harm
3.4.2 Searching
CONTENTS
3.4.3 Appraisal
3.4.4 Getting research into practice
3.4.5 Aphoristic warnings
References
3.5 Health policy 95
3.5.1 Dimensions and definitions
3.5.1.1 Healthcare policy
3.5.1.2 Health or public health policy
3.5.2 Searching
3.5.3 Appraisal
3.5.3.1 Appropriate study designs
3.5.3.2 Natural experiments
3.5.3.3 Appraising research on health
policies
3.5.4 Getting research into practice
References
CHAPTER 4
SEARCHING FOR EVIDENCE 101
4.1 The searcher s problems 101
4.1.1 The relevance gap absence
of high quality evidence
4.1.2 The publication gap failure
to publish research results
4.1.3 The hunting gap difficulties
in finding published research
4.1.3.1 The limitations of electronic
databases
4.1.3.2 Inadequate indexing
4.1.4 The quality gap the need for
critical appraisal
4.1.4.1 Misleading abstracts
4.1.4.2 Bias in published papers
References
4.2 The information broker 109
Further reading
4.3 Coping alone 111
4.3.1 Becoming a better scanner
4.3.2 Becoming a better searcher
4.3.3 Becoming better at critical
appraisal
CONTENTS
4.3.4 Becoming a better storekeeper
4.3.5 Use it or lose it
4.4 Developing libraries for the 21st
century 113
4.4.1 Defining features of the
e library
4.4.2 The National electronic
Library for Health
Further reading
CHAPTER 5
APPRAISING THE QUALITY OF
RESEARCH 117
5.1 What is research? 117
5.1.1 Hypothesis testing research
5.1.2 Fraud in medical research
References
5.2 Choosing the right research
method 121
5.3 Systematic reviews 122
5.3.1 Dimensions and definitions
5.3.1.1 Meta analysis
5.3.2 Searching
5.3.3 Appraisal
5.3.3.1 Systematic reviews
5.3.3.2 Systematic reviews including
meta analysis
5.3.4 Uses and abuses
References
5.4 Randomised controlled trials 133
5.4.1 Dimensions and definitions
5.4.1.1 Mega trials
5.4.1.2 Patient preference in trials
5.4.1.3 N of V trials
5.4.2 Searching
5.4.3 Appraisal
5.4.3.1 Subgroup analysis
5.4.4 Uses and abuses
5.4.4.1 Interpretation and
presentation
5.4.4.2 Aphoristic warnings
Further reading
References
5.5 Case control studies 143
5.5.1 Dimensions and definitions
5.5.1.1 Study of the causation of
disease
5.5.1.2 Study of the adverse effects of
treatment
5.5.2 Searching
5.5.3 Appraisal
5.5.4 Uses and abuses
References
5.6 Cohort studies 146
5.6.1 Dimensions and definitions
5.6.1.1 The role of clinical databases
5.6.2 Searching
5.6.3 Appraisal
5.6.4 Uses and abuses
References
5.7 Surveys 151
5.7.1 Dimensions and definitions
5.7.2 Searching
5.7.3 Appraisal
5.7.4 Uses and abuses
References
5.8 Decision analysis 154
5.8.1 Dimensions and definitions
5.8.2 Searching
5.8.3 Appraisal
5.8.4 Uses and abuses
References
5.9 Qualitative research 160
5.9.1 Dimensions and definitions
5.9.2 Searching
5.9.3 Appraisal
5.9.4 Uses and abuses
Reference
5.10 Hallmarks for knowledge 164
5.10.1 The need for hallmarking
5.10.2 The pitfalls of hallmarking
5.10.3 Examples of knowledge
hallmarks in the healthcare
sector
5.10.4 The unreliability of some
knowledge hallmarks
5.10.4.1 The use of declarative titles
a Christmas cracker from the
New England journal of
Medicine
5.10.4.2 Peer review the death of
another sacred cow
5.10.5 Caveat lector
References
CHAPTER 6
ASSESSING THE OUTCOMES
FOUND 169 6.1 Five key questions about
outcomes 169
6.1.1 How many outcomes were
studied?
6.1.2 How large were the effects
found?
6.1.2.1 Which yardstick?
6.1.3 With what degree of
confidence can the results of
the research be applied to the
whole population?
6.1.4 Does the intervention do more
good than harm?
6.1.4.1 L Abbe plots
6.1.5 How relevant are the results
to the local population or
service?
6.1.6 The clinician s dilemma
References
6.2 Measuring outcomes 181
6.2.1 Problems and pitfalls of
performance measurement
6.2.1.1 Natural problems
6.2.1.2 Man made problems
6.2.2 In praise of process
Reference
CONTENTS
6.3 Equity 183
6.3.1 Dimensions and definitions
6.3.1.1 Measuring equity
6.3.1.2 Assessing equity: evidence
based cuts at the margin
6.3.2 Searching
6.3.3 Appraisal
6.3.4 Applicability and relevance
6.4 Effectiveness 185
6.4.1 Dimensions and definitions
6.4.1.1 Assessing effectiveness from
the patient s perspective
6.4.1.2 Improving outcomes by
providing emotional support
6.4.1.3 Improving outcomes through
patient participation
6.4.1.4 Improving outcomes through
process: in the absence of an
effective technical intervention
6.4.2 Searching
6.4.3 Appraisal
6.4.3.1 Experimental studies of
effectiveness
6.4.3.2 Observational studies of
effectiveness
6.4.4 Applicability and relevance
References
6.5 Safety 194
6.5.1 Dimensions and definitions
6.5.2 Searching
6.5.3 Appraisal
6.5.3.1 Which method?
6.5.3.2 Appraising the quality of
studies on safety
6.5.4 Applicability and relevance
References
6.6 Patient satisfaction and patients
experience of care 200
6.6.1 Dimensions and definitions
6.6.1.1 Acceptability of care
6.6.1.2 Patient satisfaction
6.6.1.3 Patients experience of care
CONTENTS
6.6.1.4 Is the measurement of patient
satisfaction of any use?
6.6.1.5 Does patient satisfaction bring
physician satisfaction?
6.6.2 Searching
6.6.3 Appraisal
6.6.4 Applicability and relevance
References
6.7 Cost effectiveness 209
6.7.1 Dimensions and definitions
6.7.1.1 Productivity and efficiency
6.7.1.2 Cochrane s definition of
efficiency
6.7.1.3 The advent of the concept of
cost effectiveness
6.7.1.4 Assessing cost effectiveness:
the use of outcome measures
6.7.1.5 Marginal and opportunity
costs
6.7.1.6 Economic evaluations
6.7.2 Searching
6.7.3 Appraisal
6.7.4 Applicability and relevance
References
6.8 Quality 219
6.8.1 Dimensions and definitions
6.8.1.1 Quality assessment by
measuring the process of care
6.8.1.2 Quality assessment by
measuring the outcome of
care
6.8.1.3 Reporting outcomes in the
public domain
6.8.2 Searching for and appraising
evidence on standards of care
6.8.2.1 Searching for papers on
quality standards
6.8.2.2 Appraising evidence on
quality standards
6.8.3 Searching for and appraising
evidence on variations in
healthcare outcome
6.8.3.1 Searching for papers on
variations in healthcare
outcome
6.8.3.2 Appraising evidence on
variations in healthcare
outcome
6.8.4 Applicability and relevance
References
6.9 Appropriateness 229
6.9.1 Dimensions and definitions
6.9.1.1 Appropriateness for
individual patients
6.9.1.2 Appropriateness for groups of
patients or populations
6.9.1.3 Identifying concerns about
appropriateness
6.9.1.4 It may be appropriate but is it
necessary?
6.9.1.5 Who defines necessity?
6.9.1.6 Medical futility
6.9.2 Searching
6.9.3 Appraisal
6.9.4 Applicability and relevance
References
CHAPTER 7
THE EVIDENCE BASED
ORGANISATION 243
7.1 Creating the context for an evidence
based organisation 243
7.1.1 Types of knowledge
7.1.1.1 Knowledge from experience
7.1.2 The learning organisation
7.1.3 Hypertext organisations
7.1.4 The knowledge rich
organisation
7.1.5 The evidence based
knowledge rich learning
organisation
7.1.5.1 Kondratieff cycles on
References
7.2 An evidence based health
service 249
7.3 Culture 251
7.3.1 The evidence based chief
executive
7.3.2 Evidence based management
7.4 Systems 253
7.4.1 Systems that provide evidence
7.4.1.1 The evidence centre
7.4.1.2 The National electronic
Library for Health
7.4.2 Systems that promote the use
of evidence
7.4.2.1 Evidence based clinical audit
7.4.2.2 Training for evidence based
decision making
7.4.3 Systems that consume and use
evidence
7.4.3.1 Systems that should be more
evidence based
7.4.3.2 Systems for managing
innovation
7.5 Structure 262
7.5.1 Creating a team for managing
knowledge
7.5.2 Getting research into
purchasing and practice
References
7.6 Evidence based primary care 264
7.6.1 Improving access: promoting
finding
7.6.1.1 Ease of access to information
7.6.1.2 Provision of relevant
information
7.6.2 Improving appraisal skills
Reference
7.7 Evidence based purchasing and
commissioning 269
7.7.1 Resource reallocation among
disease management systems
7.7.2 Resource reallocation within a
single disease management
system
7.7.3 Managing innovation
7.7.3.1 Promoting innovation
starting starting right
7.7.3.2 Stopping starting, starting
stopping and slowing starting
7.7.3.3 Promoting trials
7.7.4 Evidence based insurance
7.7.5 Black belt decision making
7.7.6 The limits of structural reform
References
7.8 Promoting evidence based
management 283
7.8.1 Analysis of obstacles
7.8.2 Promoting implementation
References
7.9 Evidence based policy making 286
7.9.1 The dominance of values in
policy making
7.9.2 The influence of budgetary
pressures
7.9.3 The growing influence of
evidence in policy making
7.9.4 Healthcare policy making
7.9.4.1 The NHS Plan
7.9.5 Public health policy making
7.9.5.1 Does the evidence show an
increased risk?
7.9.5.2 Is it possible to reduce the
risk?
7.9.5.3 The use of legislation to
promote public health
7.9.6 Evidence based policy making
in the developing world
References
7.10 Evidence based litigation 300
7.10.1 Evidence in court
7.10.2 Death of an expert witness
7.10.3 The influence of clinical
guidelines in malpractice
litigation
7.10.4 Failure to act on the evidence
References
7.11 The ethics of prioritisation the
individual or society? 305
CHAPTER 8
EVIDENCE BASED PUBLIC
HEALTH 307 8.1 The evolution of public health
epistemology 307
8.1.1 Scripturally based public
health
8.1.2 Supernaturally based public
health
8.1.3 Aesthetically based public
health
8.1.3.1 Fear as an agent of social
change
8.1.3.2 Knowledge as an agent of
social change
8.1.3.3 The Siege of Krishnapur
miasmatists vs Snowites
8.1.4 Statistically based public
health
8.1.5 Epidemiologically based
public health
8.1.5.1 Epidemiology as the
foundation for public health
practice
8.1.6 Evidence based public health
8.1.6.1 The promotion of evidence
based healthcare
8.1.6.2 Future challenges
References
8.2 Evidence based public health
interventions 320
8.2.1 Healthcare interventions
8.2.2 Educational interventions
8.2.3 Social and community action
8.2.4 The use of legislative power to
improve the public health
8.2.4.1 Value based policy making
8.2.4.2 Evidence based policy making
8.2.5 Evidence based
humanitarianism
References
CHAPTER 9
DEVELOPING THE EVIDENCE
MANAGEMENT SKILLS OF
INDIVIDUALS 327
9.1 The pre requisite: being able to ask
the right question 328
9.2 Searching 329
9.2.1 Competencies
9.2.2 Training
9.2.3 Scanning
9.3 Appraising evidence 330
9.3.1 Competencies
9.3.2 Training
9.4 Storing and retrieving 331
9.4.1 Competencies
9.4.2 Training
9.4.3 Aphorisms on storage and
retrieval
9.5 Learning by doing 333
9.5.1 Informatics support for staff
who are learning by doing
9.5.2 Support for staff who are
learning by doing: the
educational prescription
References
9.6 The compleat healthcare
manager 337
CHAPTER 10
THE EVIDENCE BASED
CONSULTATION 339 Reference
10.1 Types of clinical decision 339
10.1.1 Faceless decision making
10.1.2 Face to face decision making
10.2 Patient communication 341
10.2.1 The provision of evidence
based information
10.2.1.1 Other sources of information
for patients
10.2.2 Interpretation
10.2.3 Discussion
10.3 Evidence based patient choice 347
10.3.1 Factors inhibiting evidence
based patient choice
10.3.1.1 Clinical ignorance
10.3.1.2 Emphasising the benefits of
intervention
10.3.1.3 Disclosure
References
10.4 Evidence based clinical practice 351
10.4.1 Definitions and dimensions
10.4.2 Failures in clinical decision
making
10.4.3 Clinical freedom
10.4.4 Clinical governance
10.4.5 To whom should the clinician
be loyal patient or State?
10.4.6 Remember the multiple goals
of therapy
10.4.7 Shared decision making
References
10.5 Clinicians: witch doctors or
scientists? dealing with
anxiety 364
Reference
10.6 Accelerating change in clinical
practice 366
10.6.1 Educate to influence
10.6.2 Carrots or sticks?
10.6.3 Growing carrots
References
EPILOGUE
EVIDENCE BASED HEALTHCARE IN
THE POST MODERN ERA 371
Evidence, economics and ethics 371
Doing better, feeling worse 373
The modernisation of medicine 374
Post modern medicine 375
Die Risikogesellschaft
Evidence based risk management
Post modern clinical practice 377
Anxiety and disease
Dealing with anxiety: medicine or
magic?
The 21st century clinician
APPENDICES 381
Introduction to appendices 381
APPENDIX I
FINDING THE EVIDENCE 383
1.1 Resource overview 383
1.2 Resources 384
1.2.1 The Cochrane Library
1.2.1.1 The Cochrane Database of
Systematic Reviews
1.2.1.2 Database of Abstracts of
Reviews of Effectiveness
1.2.1.3 The Cochrane Controlled
Trials Register
1.2.1.4 The Cochrane Review
Methodology Database
1.2.2 Best Evidence
1.2.3 EBM Reviews, Best Evidence
1.2.4 NHS Centre for Reviews and
Dissemination (CRD)
publications
1.2.4.1 CRD Reports
9TU
CONTENTS
1.2.4.2 Effective Health Care Bulletins
1.2.4.3 Effectiveness Matters
1.2.5 Other good quality reviews
1.2.5.1 Health Technology
Assessment reports
1.2.5.2 Clinical Standards Advisory
Group reports
1.2.5.3 The epidemiologically based
needs assessment reviews
1.2.5.4 Health Evidence Bulletins,
Wales
1.2.6 MEDLINE
1.2.7 EMBASE
1.2.8 Subject specialist databases
1.2.8.1 Health Management
Information Consortium
1.2.8.2 HealthSTAR
1.2.8.3 HEALTH CD
1.2.8.4 Other databases
1.2.9 Registers of published
research
1.2.10 Unpublished Evidence:
Registers of Research in
Progress
1.2.10.1 National Research Register
1.2.10.2 Health Services Research
Projects in Progress
(HSRPROJ)
1.3 Organisations 398
1.3.1 The Cochrane Collaboration
1.3.2 NHS Centre for Reviews and
Dissemination
1.3.3 InterTASC
1.3.4 Aggressive Research
Intelligence Facility
1.4 The Internet 400
1.4.1 Turning Research Into
Practice (TRIP) database
1.4.2 NHS Economic Evaluation
Database
1.4.3 Health Technology
Assessment Database
1.4.4 Health Technology
Assessment Agencies
1.4.5 Medical Search Engines
1.4.5.1 OMNI
1.4.5.2 CliniWeb
1.4.5.3 Medfinder
1.4.5.4 Healthfinder
References
Further Reading
APPENDIX II
FILTERING THE EVIDENCE 405
II.l Resource overview 405
H.2 Resources 406
11.2.1 PubMed Clinical Queries
Interface
11.2.2 SUMSearch
11.2.3 Institute of Health Sciences
(IHS) Library Filters
II.3 The Internet 407
Reference
Further reading
How to harness MEDLINE
Other items
APPENDIX III
APPRAISING THE EVIDENCE 409
111.1 Resource overview 409
111.2 Resources 409
111.2.1 ACP Journal Club
111.2.2 Bandolier
111.2.3 Clinical Evidence
111.2.4 Evidence Based Health Care
Workbook and CD ROM
111.2.5 Evidence based Healthcare
111.2.6 Evidence Based Medicine
111.2.7 Evidence Based Mental
Health
111.2.8 Evidence Based Nursing
111.2.9 CAT Maker
111.3 Organisations 412
111.3.1 NHS R D Centre for
Evidence Based Medicine
111.3.2 Centre for Evidence Based
Child Health
III.3.3. Centre for Evidence Based
Mental Health
111.3.4 Centre for Evidence Based
Nursing
111.3.5 Critical Appraisal Skills
Programme
111.3.6 North Thames Research
Appraisal Group
111.4 The Internet 415
111.4.1 EBM Tool Kit
111.4.2 Journal Club on the Web
111.4.3 Journal of Family Practice
Patient Orientated Evidence
that Matters (POEMS)
References
Further Reading
Users Guides to the Medical
Literature (JAMA)
Other items
APPENDIX IV
STORING THE EVIDENCE 419
IV.l Resource overview 419
IV.2 Resources 420
IV.2.1 EndNote
IV.2.2 PAPYRUS
IV.2.3 ProCite
IV.2.4 Reference Manager
Further reading
CONTENTS
APPENDIX V
IMPLEMENTING THE
EVIDENCE 423
V.I Resource overview 423
V.2 Resource 423
V.2.1 Effective Practice and
Organisation of Care (EPOC)
Database
V.3 Organisations and initiatives 424
V.3.I Contacts, Help, Advice ami
Information Network
(CHAIN)
V.3.2 The Cochrane Effective
Practice and Organisation of
Care (EPOC) group
V.3.3 Framework for Appropriate
Care Throughout Sheffield
(FACTS) Project
V.3.4 Promoting Action on Clinical
Effectiveness (PACE)
V.3.5 Primary Care Information
Management across Anglia
(PRIMA)
V.3.6 Primary Care Sharing the
Evidence (PRISE)
V.4 The Internet 426
V.4.1 Implementation and Change
in the Health Service
References
Further reading
INDEX 429
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Gray, J. A. Muir |
| author_GND | (DE-588)138604533 |
| author_facet | Gray, J. A. Muir |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Gray, J. A. Muir |
| author_variant | j a m g jam jamg |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV014230006 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)834527025 (DE-599)BVBBV014230006 |
| dewey-full | 362.1068 |
| dewey-hundreds | 300 - Social sciences |
| dewey-ones | 362 - Social problems and services to groups |
| dewey-raw | 362.1068 |
| dewey-search | 362.1068 |
| dewey-sort | 3362.1068 |
| dewey-tens | 360 - Social problems and services; associations |
| discipline | Soziologie |
| edition | 2. ed. |
| format | Book |
| fullrecord | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>01189nam a2200313 c 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">BV014230006</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-604</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20090716 </controlfield><controlfield tag="007">t</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">020402s2001 d||| |||| 00||| eng d</controlfield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">0443062889</subfield><subfield code="9">0-443-06288-9</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(OCoLC)834527025</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)BVBBV014230006</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-604</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="e">rakwb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-Er8</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="082" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">362.1068</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Gray, J. A. Muir</subfield><subfield code="e">Verfasser</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)138604533</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Evidence based healthcare</subfield><subfield code="b">[how to make health policy and management decisions]</subfield><subfield code="c">J. A. Muir Gray</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="250" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">2. ed.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Edinburgh [u.a.]</subfield><subfield code="b">Churchill Livingstone</subfield><subfield code="c">2001</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">XXIX, 444 S.</subfield><subfield code="b">graph. Darst.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">n</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">nc</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Health services administration - Great Britain</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Medical care - Great Britain</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">HBZ Datenaustausch</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009755366&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Inhaltsverzeichnis</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="999" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-009755366</subfield></datafield></record></collection> |
| id | DE-604.BV014230006 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T18:59:59Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0443062889 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-009755366 |
| oclc_num | 834527025 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-Er8 |
| owner_facet | DE-Er8 |
| physical | XXIX, 444 S. graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 2001 |
| publishDateSearch | 2001 |
| publishDateSort | 2001 |
| publisher | Churchill Livingstone |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Gray, J. A. Muir Verfasser (DE-588)138604533 aut Evidence based healthcare [how to make health policy and management decisions] J. A. Muir Gray 2. ed. Edinburgh [u.a.] Churchill Livingstone 2001 XXIX, 444 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Health services administration - Great Britain Medical care - Great Britain HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009755366&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Gray, J. A. Muir Evidence based healthcare [how to make health policy and management decisions] Health services administration - Great Britain Medical care - Great Britain |
| title | Evidence based healthcare [how to make health policy and management decisions] |
| title_auth | Evidence based healthcare [how to make health policy and management decisions] |
| title_exact_search | Evidence based healthcare [how to make health policy and management decisions] |
| title_full | Evidence based healthcare [how to make health policy and management decisions] J. A. Muir Gray |
| title_fullStr | Evidence based healthcare [how to make health policy and management decisions] J. A. Muir Gray |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evidence based healthcare [how to make health policy and management decisions] J. A. Muir Gray |
| title_short | Evidence based healthcare |
| title_sort | evidence based healthcare how to make health policy and management decisions |
| title_sub | [how to make health policy and management decisions] |
| topic | Health services administration - Great Britain Medical care - Great Britain |
| topic_facet | Health services administration - Great Britain Medical care - Great Britain |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009755366&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT grayjamuir evidencebasedhealthcarehowtomakehealthpolicyandmanagementdecisions |