Eye muscle surgery: basic data, operative techniques, surgical strategy
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| Format: | Book |
|---|---|
| Language: | English Dutch |
| Published: |
Lisse
Swets & Zeitlinger
2001
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XXIV, 406 S. zahlr. Ill. |
| ISBN: | 9026518587 |
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| 650 | 4 | |a Eye |x Muscles |x Surgery | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Ocular Motility Disorders |x surgery | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Strabismus |x Surgery | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Surgical Procedures, Operative |x methods | |
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Record in the Search Index
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|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Authors and Contributors v
Preface to the English edition vii
Foreword ix
Notice xi
Introduction xxi
Terminology xxiii
PART ONE: BASIC DATA IN EYE MUSCLE SURGERY 1
Chapter 1: Modeling and dynamics of the oculomotor complex 3
1. OCULAR MOVEMENTS 3
1.1. Constitutional asymmetry of the medial rectus and lateral rectus muscle pair 4
1.2. Reciprocal oculomotor balance 4
1.3. Conjugate ocular movements 5
2. ACTIONS OF THE EXTRAOCULAR MUSCLES 6
2.1. Definitions of movements 6
2.2. Action of individual muscles 7
2.3. Combined muscle actions 10
3. FORCES AT WORK: A TRIAL MODEL 10
3.1. Restrictive forces and effective forces 11
3.2. Evaluation of passive and active forces 11
3.3. Modeling of the oculomotor system 12
Chapter 2: Effects of surgery 19
1. EFFECTS ACCORDING TO THE SURGICAL PROCEDURE 19
1.1. Muscle parameters and effect of surgery 20
1.2. Effects according to the surgical procedure 21
2. EFFECTS OF SURGERY ACCORDING TO THE CHOICE OF MUSCLE 29
2.1. Single muscle surgery 29
2.2. Two muscle surgery 30
3. UNDESIRABLE IATROGENIC EFFECTS OF MUSCLE SURGERY 32
3.1. Inevitable undesirable iatrogenic effects 32
3.2. Undesirable iatrogenic effects to be avoided 32
Chapter 3: Evaluation of the extraocular muscle disorder 35
1. CLINICAL EVALUATION: FIRST DECISION MAKING STAGE 35
2. RECORDING EXTRAOCULAR MUSCLE KINESIS: KINETIC ELECTRO OCULO
GRAPHY (KEOG) AND PHOTO OCULOGRAPHY (POG) 42
2.1. Technical considerations 42
xiv Contents
2.2. Kinetic electro oculography abnormalities 43
3. IMAGING: ECHOGRAPHY, SCANNING AND MAGNETIC RESONANCE 45
3.1. Echography 45
3.2. Computed tomography (CT) 45
3.3. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 45
4. INTRA OPERATIVE DATA: SECOND AND THIRD DECISION MAKING STAGES 51
4.1. Eye position under anaesthesia 51
4.2. The muscle stretch test (MST) 52
4.3. Clinical method of collecting intra operative data 53
Chapter 4: Amount of surgery 63
1. AMOUNT OF CONVENTIONAL SURGERY ON THE RECTUS MUSCLES 64
1.1. Measuring the amount of surgery after mean surgical effectiveness 64
1.2. Calculating the amount of surgery from formulae 65
1.3. Effect on the angle of deviation according to the surgical distribution 66
1.4. Validity and limits of methods of calculation 67
2. AMOUNT OF SURGERY ON THE OBLIQUE MUSCLES 67
2.1. Amount of surgery by estimation 67
2.2. Amount of surgery by calculation 68
3. LIMITS FOR CONVENTIONAL MUSCLE SURGERY 71
3.1. Usual acceptable limits 71
3.2. Small and large amounts of surgery 72
4. DISTANCE OF POSTERIOR ANCHORAGE 73
4.1. Distance according to the muscle to be operated 73
4.2. Amount of muscle recession to be associated 74
5. ADJUSTMENT OF THE AMOUNT OF SURGERY 75
5.1. Factors to take into consideration: dimensions of the eye 76
5.2. Factors to take into consideration: intra operative data 77
Chapter 5: Psychological context of strabismus surgery 85
1. PARENTAL REACTION TO STRABISMUS 85
2. EMOTIONAL REACTIONS OF THE STRABISMIC CHILD 86
3. EMOTIONAL ASPECTS OF HOSPITALIZATION OF CHILDREN FOR STRABISMUS
SURGERY 86
4. PREVENTIVE STRATEGY 87
5. REACTION OF THE CHILD AND PARENTS ON THE DAY AFTER SURGERY 88
PART TWO: OPERATIVE TECHNIQUES 91
Chapter 6: Anaesthesia 93
1. CHOICE OF ANAESTHESIA 93
2. GENERAL ANAESTHESIA 94
2.1. Aspects of manipulation and complications 94
2.2. Preparation for surgery 97
2.3. Anaesthetic protocol 98
3. LOCAL ANAESTHESIA 100
4. TOPICAL ANAESTHESIA 101
Chapter 7: Surgical equipment 105
1. MAGNIFYING SYSTEMS 105
1.1. Surgical microscopes 105
Contents xv
1.2. Operating spectacles (loupe magnification) 106
1.3. Which system to choose? 106
2. INSTRUMENTS ADAPTED FOR EYE MUSCLE MICROSURGERY 107
2.1. Eye specula 107
2.2. Forceps 107
2.3. Scissors 107
2.4. Muscle hooks 108
2.5. Myometer 110
2.6. Muscle clamp 110
2.7. Retractors 110
2.8. Calipers and markers 110
2.9. Needle holders Ill
2.10. Sponge swabs Ill
2.11. Cautery and electric scalpel Ill
3. SUTURE MATERIALS 112
3.1. Needles 112
3.2. Suture thread 113
3.3. Tissue adhesives (Tissue glue) 114
3.4. Implants of absorbable or nonabsorbable materials 114
Chapter 8: Preparation for surgery 117
1. PREPARATION OF THE PATIENT 117
2. PREPARATION OF THE OPERATING FIELD 117
3. PREPARATION OF THE SURGICAL TEAM 117
Chapter 9: Access to the extraocular muscles: incision, muscle dissection, and sutures 119
1. REQUIREMENTS TO BE MET BY THE ACCESS ZONE 119
2. SURGICAL ANATOMY OFTHE ACCESS ZONE 119
2.1. Tenon s capsule and the sclera 120
2.2. Tenon s capsule and the rectus muscles 121
2.3. Tenon s capsule and the oblique muscles 123
3. ACCESS TO THE RECTUS MUSCLES 123
3.1. Limbus incision 123
3.2. Two plane peripheral incision 134
3.3. Recession of Tenon s capsule 136
4. ACCESS TO THE OBLIQUE MUSCLES 137
4.1. Incision 138
4.2. Access to the inferior oblique 139
4.3. Access to the superior oblique 145
4.4. Suturing 147
5. USE OF ABSORBABLE FOILS 147
6. POST OPERATIVE ROUTINE 149
6.1. After the surgical procedure 149
6.2. The day after surgery and immediate follow up 149
6.3. Long term follow up 149
Chapter 10: Rectus muscle surgery 153
1. SURGICAL ANATOMY OF THE RECTUS MUSCLES 153
2. MUSCLE WEAKENING TECHNIQUES 156
2.1. Muscle recession with scleral reattachment (Jameson procedure) 157
2.2. Muscle recession with a loop or controlled tenotomy 164
xvi Contents
2.3. Muscle and Tenon s capsule recession 168
2.4. Other muscle weakening techniques 168
3. MUSCLE STRENGTHENING TECHNIQUES 171
3.1. Muscle plication 171
3.2. Muscle resection 172
3.3. Muscle resection with advancement 177
3.4. Other muscle strengthening techniques 177
4. ADJUSTABLE SURGERY: ADJUSTABLE SUTURES 178
4.1. Adjustable recession 178
4.2. Adjustable resection or plication 181
4.3. Adjustment 181
4.4. The conjunctiva in adjustable surgery 184
4.5. The role of adjustable surgery 184
5. SHIFTING OF MUSCLE INSERTIONS AND SLANTED WEAKENING OR
STRENGTHENING PROCEDURES 185
5.1. Vertical shifting of horizontal recti to correct hyper or hypotropia 185
5.2. Vertical shifting of horizontal recti to correct A and V patterns (Costenbader Knapp procedure,
1959) 185
5.3. Horizontal shifting of vertical recti to correct A and V patterns (Procedure according to Fink,
1959, Miller, 1960) 186
5.4. Slanted weakening or strengthening procedures to correct A and V patterns 187
6. THE SO CALLED FADENOPERATION OR POSTERIOR ANCHORAGE PROCEDURE 189
6.1. Synonymy 190
6.2. Posterior anchorage techniques 190
6.3. Posterior anchorage: features depending on which muscle is operated 194
6.4. Posterior anchorage combined with conventional surgery 199
6.5. Comments on posterior anchorage 200
6.6. Incidents with and complications of posterior anchorage 201
6.7. Contraindications for posterior anchorage 201
7. SUBSTITUTION TECHNIQUES 201
7.1. Part muscle transposition techniques 202
7.2. Whole muscle transposition techniques 204
7.3. Jensen s procedure 205
7.4. Single muscle transposition 205
7.5. Transposition of two neighbouring recti muscles: Kaufmann s strap operation 207
8. SUPPLEMENTARY TECHNIQUES 208
8.1. Elastopexy 208
8.2. Very large recessions and resections 208
8.3. Traction sutures (Anchoring sutures) 208
8.4. Interposition of absorbable or nonabsorbable materials 209
9. INTRAMUSCULAR INJECTION OF BOTULINUM TOXIN (TECHNICAL ASPECTS) ... 210
9.1. Preparation of botulinum toxin A 210
9.2. Intramuscular injection technique 210
9.3. Side effects and complications 211
Chapter 11: Oblique muscle surgery 219
1. SURGICAL ANATOMY OF THE OBLIQUE MUSCLES 220
1.1. The superior oblique 220
1.2. The inferior oblique 220
2. INFERIOR OBLIQUE SURGERY 220
2.1. Weakening procedures 220
Contents xvn
2.2. Strengthening procedures 227
2.3. Differential procedures 228
3. SUPERIOR OBLIQUE SURGERY 228
3.1. Temporal approach in surgery on the reflected tendon 229
3.2. Nasal approach in surgery on the reflected tendon 232
3.3. Differential surgery 234
3.4. Adjustable sutures 237
3.5. Surgery on the trochlea 237
4. COMBINED SUPERIOR/INFERIOR OBLIQUE SURGERY 237
Chapter 12: Repeat surgery (technical aspects) 243
1. IMMEDIATE REPEAT SURGERY 243
1.1. Anaesthesia 243
1.2. Reopening the conjunctiva and Tenon s 244
1.3. Muscle surgery 244
1.4. Conjunctiva and Tenon s sutures 244
2. LATE REPEAT SURGERY 244
2.1. Anaesthesia 244
2.2. Conjunctiva and Tenon s incision 245
2.3. Isolation of the muscle 245
2.4. Position of the eyes under anaesthesia (EPA) and the muscle stretch test (MST) 247
2.5. Repeat surgery: the procedure itself 247
2.6. Suturing the conjunctiva and Tenon s 248
3. DISFIGURING CONJUNCTIVA AND TENON S SCAR TISSUE 249
Chapter 13: Use of the microscope in extraocular muscle surgery 251
1. SURGICAL ACCURACY FOR MORE PRECISION IN THE AMOUNT OF SURGERY.... 251
1.1. Using the original insertion as reference point 252
1.2. Minimizing scleral variations 252
1.3. Minimizing muscle variations 252
1.4. Minimizing variations and perfecting the amount of surgery when tying the suture knots 253
2. SPARING OF BLOOD VESSELS IN EXTRAOCULAR MUSCLE SURGERY 254
2.1. Surgical anatomical data 254
2.2. Sparing blood vessels 258
Chapter 14: Incidents and complications related to surgical techniques 265
1. INTRAOPERATIVE INCIDENTS AND COMPLICATIONS 265
1.1. Haemorrhages 265
1.2. Incidents and complications involving the muscles 266
1.3. Scleral notches and perforations 267
1.4. Other incidents and complications 268
2. POST OPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS 269
2.1. Infections 269
2.2. Corneal complications 270
2.3. Bulbar complications 271
2.4. Conjunctival and Tenon s complications 272
2.5. Muscle and aponeurotic complications 274
2.6. Palpebral complications 277
xvm Contents
PART THREE: SURGICAL STRATEGY 281
Chapter 15: Concomitant strabismus 283
1. THE OCULOMOTOR DISORDER 283
1.1. Classification 283
1.2. The angle of deviation: a question of terminology 285
1.3. Surgical strategy 286
1.4. Choice of surgery 288
2. STRABISMUS WITH ANOMALOUS BINOCULARITY 294
2.1. Esotropia 294
2.2. Exotropia 299
2.3. Accommodative strabismus 300
2.4. Secondary (sensory) strabismus 300
3. NORMO SENSORIAL STRABISMUS 300
3.1. Normo sensorial esotropia 301
3.2. Normo sensorial exotropia 304
3.3. Accommodative esotropia 308
4. EVALUATION OF RESULTS 311
4.1. Evaluation criteria 311
4.2. Motor results 312
4.3. Sensory results 312
5. COSMETIC CRITERIA IN STRABISMUS SURGERY 314
5.1. Cosmetic and functional objectives 315
5.2. Criteria for judging the surgical result 316
6. CONCLUSION 318
6.1. Cure, good or satisfactory result 318
6.2. Insufficient result or failure 319
Chapter 16: Nystagmus 325
1. ANALYSIS OF NYSTAGMUS 325
1.1. Clinical examination 325
1.2. Oculography 326
1.3. Presurgical prism adaptation 326
2. CONGENITAL NYSTAGMUS 326
2.1. Classification 326
2.2. Surgical strategy 327
3. MANIFEST LATENT NYSTAGMUS 334
3.1. Classification 334
3.2. Surgical strategy 334
4. MIXED FORMS OF MANIFEST NYSTAGMUS 334
5. ACQUIRED NYSTAGMUS 335
Chapter 17: Paralytic strabismus 337
1. THE OCULOMOTOR DISORDER 337
1.1. Classification 337
1.2. Surgical strategy 340
1.3. Surgical techniques 341
2. STRABISMUS WITH SINGLE MUSCLE PALSY 343
2.1. Lateral rectus palsy 343
2.2. Single muscle involvement in a third nerve palsy 343
2.3. Superior oblique palsy 346
Contents xix
3. STRABISMUS WITH MULTIPLE MUSCLE INVOLVEMENT 348
3.1. Homonymous two muscle involvement 348
3.2. Unilateral involvement of two antagonist muscles 349
3.3. Unilateral involvement of two adjacent muscles 349
3.4. Unilateral involvement of more than two muscles 349
4. SUPRANUCLEAR PALSIES WITH STRABISMUS 349
4.1. Double elevator palsy 349
4.2. Prenuclear and supranuclear palsies 350
Chapter 18: Restrictive, neuro myogenic and myogenic disorders 355
1. IMPEDIMENT TO EYE MOVEMENT 355
1.1. Classification 355
1.2. Surgical strategy 356
1.3. Surgical techniques 357
2. CONGENITAL SYNDROMES 357
2.1. Stilling Duane s retraction syndrome 357
2.2. Mobius syndrome 361
2.3. Brown s syndrome 362
2.4. Strabismus fixus 363
3. ACQUIRED MYOPATHIES 364
3.1. Oculomotor disorders in endocrine orbitopathy 364
3.2. Orbital myositis 372
3.3. Oculomotor disorders in high myopia 373
4. IATROGENIC STRABISMUS 375
4.1. Iatrogenic deviations following strabismus surgery 375
4.2. Iatrogenic deviations following retinal detachment surgery 376
4.3. Iatrogenic deviations with other causes 377
5. MUSCLE TRAUMA 377
5.1. Muscle injury 377
5.2. Muscle strain 378
5.3. Muscle contusion 378
6. OCULOMOTOR DISORDERS DUE TO ORBITAL TRAUMA 379
6.1. Oculomotor disorder according to the type of fracture 379
6.2. Surgical strategy 381
By way of a conclusion 389
Subject index 391
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| id | DE-604.BV014185598 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T18:59:11Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9026518587 |
| language | English Dutch |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-009723334 |
| oclc_num | 46725722 |
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| owner | DE-29 |
| owner_facet | DE-29 |
| physical | XXIV, 406 S. zahlr. Ill. |
| publishDate | 2001 |
| publishDateSearch | 2001 |
| publishDateSort | 2001 |
| publisher | Swets & Zeitlinger |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Chirurgie oculo-motrice Eye muscle surgery basic data, operative techniques, surgical strategy André Roth ; Claude Speeg-Schatz Lisse Swets & Zeitlinger 2001 XXIV, 406 S. zahlr. Ill. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Eye Muscles Surgery Ocular Motility Disorders surgery Strabismus Surgery Surgical Procedures, Operative methods Roth, André Sonstige oth Speeg-Schatz, Claude Sonstige oth HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009723334&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Eye muscle surgery basic data, operative techniques, surgical strategy Eye Muscles Surgery Ocular Motility Disorders surgery Strabismus Surgery Surgical Procedures, Operative methods |
| title | Eye muscle surgery basic data, operative techniques, surgical strategy |
| title_alt | Chirurgie oculo-motrice |
| title_auth | Eye muscle surgery basic data, operative techniques, surgical strategy |
| title_exact_search | Eye muscle surgery basic data, operative techniques, surgical strategy |
| title_full | Eye muscle surgery basic data, operative techniques, surgical strategy André Roth ; Claude Speeg-Schatz |
| title_fullStr | Eye muscle surgery basic data, operative techniques, surgical strategy André Roth ; Claude Speeg-Schatz |
| title_full_unstemmed | Eye muscle surgery basic data, operative techniques, surgical strategy André Roth ; Claude Speeg-Schatz |
| title_short | Eye muscle surgery |
| title_sort | eye muscle surgery basic data operative techniques surgical strategy |
| title_sub | basic data, operative techniques, surgical strategy |
| topic | Eye Muscles Surgery Ocular Motility Disorders surgery Strabismus Surgery Surgical Procedures, Operative methods |
| topic_facet | Eye Muscles Surgery Ocular Motility Disorders surgery Strabismus Surgery Surgical Procedures, Operative methods |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009723334&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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