The nature of the environment:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Oxford [u.a.]
Blackwell
2001
|
| Ausgabe: | 4. ed. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XV, 544 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 0631224637 063120069X |
Internformat
MARC
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a The nature of the environment |c Andrew Goudie |
| 250 | |a 4. ed. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Oxford [u.a.] |b Blackwell |c 2001 | |
| 300 | |a XV, 544 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. | ||
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804128994343256064 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
List of windows
Preface
Acknowledgements
PART I THE GLOBAL FRAMEWORK
1 Global Geological Background
1.1 The Ancient Earth
1.2 Core, Mantle and Crust
1.3 The Nature of the Ocean Floors
1.4 The Surface of the Land
1.5 Earthquakes
1.6 The Shape of the Continents
1.7 The Question of Plates
1.8 Microplates and Exotic Terranes
1.9 The Earth s Rock Types
1.10 The Subdivisions of the Earth s
History
1.11 Conclusions
Key Terms and Concepts
Points for Review
Further Reading
2 Global Climatic Background
2.1 A Vertical Profile through the
Atmosphere
2.2 Global Climate
2.3 World Patterns of Precipitation
2.4 World Patterns of Temperature
2.5 The Major Climatic Zones
2.6 The Hydrological Cycle
2.7 Ocean Currents
2.8 Ocean-atmosphere Interactions
ix 2.9 Climatic Change 63
xi 2.10 Causes of Long-term Climatic
xii Change 77
2.11 Sea-level Changes 81
1 2.12 Future Climates 82
2.13 Conclusions 88
3 Key Terms and Concepts 88
3 Points for Review 88
3 A Further Reading 89
6 3 The Organic World 90
8 3.1 Major Vegetation Types 90
8 3.2 Human Modification of Major
14 Vegetation Types 95
31 3.3 Floral Realms 102
31 3.4 Faunal Realms 106
3.5 The World s Great Soil Orders 108
39 3.6 Human Modifications of Soil 112
43 3.7 Climatic Geomorphology: The
43 Influence of Climate, Soil and
43 Vegetation 114
44 Key Terms and Concepts 1 15
Points for Review 115
45 Further Reading 115
45 A d PART II MAJOR WORLD ZONES 117
46 51 4 Cold Environments 119
CA 4.1 Polar Climates 119
55 4.2 Vegetation and Wildlife 120
57 4.3 Glacier Types 122
C7 4.4 The Formation of Glacier Ice 125
J / 3 4.5 How Glaciers Move 126
VI
CONTENTS
4.6 Glacial Erosion
4.7 Glacial Deposits
4.8 Glacier Ice and Sea-level Change
4.9 Permafrost
4.10 Ground Ice
4.11 Thermokarst
4.12 Ice Segregation and Frost Heaving
4.13 Frost Shattering and Soil
Formation
4.14 Slope Processes, Avalanches and
River Regimes
4.15 Environmental Problems and
Hazards for Tundra Development
Key Terms and Concepts
Points for Review
Further Reading
The Mid-latitudes
5.1 The Westerlies
5.2 Cyclones and Anticyclones
5.3 Air Masses
5.4 Cool Temperate Climates
5.5 Western Margin Warm Temperate
Climates (the Mediterranean Type)
5.6 Eastern Margin Warm Temperate
Climates
5.7 Boreal Forest
5.8 Deciduous Forest
5.9 Mid-latitude Grassland
5.10 Mediterranean Evergreen
Woodland
5.11 Soils of Cool Temperate Climates
5.12 Soils of Warm Temperate Climates
5.13 The Impact of Climatic Change on
the Landscape
5.14 Loess Sheets
5.15 Dry Valleys and Mis-fit Streams
5.16 Tors
5.17 Natural Hazards in Western
F urope
Key Terms and Concepts
Points for Review
Further Reading
Deserts
6.1 Introduction
6.2 What Causes Aridity?
6.3 Desert Rainfall
6.4 Desert Temperatures
128 6.5 Past Climates in Deserts
137 6.6 Desert Vegetation and Animals
140 6.7 Soils and Surface Materials
141 6.8 Insolation and Salt Weathering
145 6.9 Wind Action in Deserts
146 6.10 Sand Deposition - Dunes
146 6.11 The Work of Rivers
6.12 Desert Slopes
149 6.13 Groundwater
6.14 Dams, Reservoirs and Inter-basin
151 Water Transfer
6.15 Land Degradation
155 6.16 Problems of the Desert Realm
156 Key Terms and Concepts
157 Points for Review
157 Further Reading
158
158
158
160
162
165
167
169
171
171
172
172
172
174
177
177
181
183
193
194
194
195
195
199
199
201
7 The Tropics
7.1 The General Atmospheric
Circulation
7.2 The Wet Tropics
7.3 Tropical Seasonal Climates
7.4 Monsoons
7.5 Tropical Disturbances
7.6 Tropical Rainforest
7.7 Secondary Forest
7.8 Tropical Seasonal Forest and
Savanna
7.9 Mangrove Swamps
7.10 Coral Reefs
7.11 Weathering of Rocks
7.12 Slope Movements
7.13 Some Problems of the Humid
Tropics
Key Terms and Concepts
Points for Review
Further Reading
PART III MOUNTAIN AND MARITIME
ENVIRONMENTS
8 Mountains
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Mountain Climates
8.3 Snow and the Snow-line
8.4 Mountain Vegetation
8.5 The Timber-line
8.6 Alpine Tundra
8.7 Mountain Hazards
CONTENTS VII
8.8 Changing Climates 290 11.2 Volcanoes 355
Key Terms and Concepts 292 11.3 Intrusive Igneous Rocks 369
Points for Review 292 11.4 Earthquakes 371
Further Reading 293 11.5 Man-made Seismic Activity 377
9 Coasts 9.1 Coastlines 9.2 Waves 93 Barrier Beaches and Related Forms 294 294 295 300 11.6 11.7 Faults Folding Key Terms and Concepts Points for Review Further Reading 379 383 385 385 386
9.4 Tides 303 12 Slopes 387
9.5 Storm Surges 304 12.1 Mass Movements 387
9.6 Estuaries 305 12.2 Slope Instability 392
9.7 Coastal Dunes 305 12.3 Other Processes Operating on
9.8 Salt Marshes 308 Slopes 395
9.9 Coast Erosion 310 12.4 Slope Forms 396
9.10 The Human Impact on the 12.5 Slope Development through
Coastline 312 Time 399
Key Terms and Concepts 317 Key Terms and Concepts 403
Points for Review 318 Points for Review 403
Further Reading 318 Further Reading 403
13 Soils and Weathering 404
PART IV LANDSCAPES AND ECOSYSTEMS 319 13.1 Factors of Soil Formation 404
10 Plants and Animals 10.1 Ecology and Ecosystems 10.2 Plants and their Habitats 10.3 Life in the Oceans 321 321 326 329 13.2 13.3 13.4 13.5 13.6 Soil Profiles Types of Weathering Mechanical Weathering Chemical Weathering Accelerated Soil Erosion 408 409 409 410 419
10.4 Community 10.5 Succession 10.6 Dispersal and Migration of Plants 330 331 333 Key Terms and Concepts Points for Review Further Reading 425 426 426
10.7 Dispersal and Migration of 14 The Hydrological Cycle 427
Animals 334 14.1 Introduction 427
10.8 The Importance of Area 335 14.2 Precipitation 427
10.9 Human Impact on Plants and 14.3 Interception 432
Animals 336 14.4 Evapotranspiration 433
10.10 Domestication 336 14.5 Infiltration 434
10.1 1 introductions 338 14.6 Surface Runoff 435
10.12 Pollution 340 14.7 Groundwater 439
10.13 Habitat Change 347 14.8 Streamflow and the Hydrograph 443
10.14 Extinction 348 14.9 Annual River Regimes 448
10.15 Conservation 352 14.10 Lakes 449
Key Terms and Concepts 353 Key Terms and Concepts 454
Points for Review 354 Points for Review 454
Further Reading 354 Further Reading 454
11 Tectonic Features 355 15 Rivers 456
11.1 Introduction 355 15.1 Introduction 456
VIM
CONTENTS
15.2 Morphometry of Drainage
Basins 456
15.3 Drainage Basin Patterns 457
15.4 Concave Long Profiles 458
15.5 Channel Cross-section and
Hydraulic Geometry 460
15.6 Channel Patterns 461
15.7 Floodplains 464
15.8 Terraces 464
15.9 Deltas 465
15.10 Stream Transport 468
15.11 Rates of Fluvial Denudation 475
15.12 Floods 477
15.13 The Human Impact on Rivers 481
Key Terms and Concepts 483
Points for Review 484
Further Reading 484
16 Cities 485
16.1 Introduction 485
16.2 The Climate of Cities 485
16.3 Air Pollution and its Problems 490
16.4 Urbanisation and River Flow 495
16.5 Thermal Pollution of River
Water 496 Index
16.6 Soil Erosion and Sediment
Yield Associated with
Construction and Urbanisation
16.7 Animals in Cities
Key Terms and Concepts
Points for Review
Further Reading
PART V CONCLUSION
17 Nature, Humans and the Environment
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Environmental Complexity
17.3 Environmental Interactions
17.4 The Importance of Scale
17.5 The Influence of Environment
on Humans
17.6 The Human Impact
17.7 The Ever-changing Environment
17.8 Humans or Nature?
17.9 Equifinality
17.10 The Relevance and Application
of Physical Geography
17.11 Global Environmental Change
497
497
498
499
499
501
503
503
503
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504
504
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505
506
507
508
510
511
|
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| discipline | Geographie |
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| spelling | Goudie, Andrew 1945- Verfasser (DE-588)132820242 aut The nature of the environment Andrew Goudie 4. ed. Oxford [u.a.] Blackwell 2001 XV, 544 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Physical geography Physische Geografie (DE-588)4174629-6 gnd rswk-swf 1\p (DE-588)4123623-3 Lehrbuch gnd-content Physische Geografie (DE-588)4174629-6 s DE-604 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009678011&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk |
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| subject_GND | (DE-588)4174629-6 (DE-588)4123623-3 |
| title | The nature of the environment |
| title_auth | The nature of the environment |
| title_exact_search | The nature of the environment |
| title_full | The nature of the environment Andrew Goudie |
| title_fullStr | The nature of the environment Andrew Goudie |
| title_full_unstemmed | The nature of the environment Andrew Goudie |
| title_short | The nature of the environment |
| title_sort | the nature of the environment |
| topic | Physical geography Physische Geografie (DE-588)4174629-6 gnd |
| topic_facet | Physical geography Physische Geografie Lehrbuch |
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