The Egyptian food subsidy system: structure, performance, and options for reform
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| Format: | Book |
|---|---|
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Washington, D.C.
Internat. Food Policy Research Inst.
2001
|
| Series: | Research report / International Food Policy Research Institute
119 |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XIII, 148 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0896291219 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a The Egyptian food subsidy system |b structure, performance, and options for reform |c Akhter U. Ahmed ... |
| 264 | 1 | |a Washington, D.C. |b Internat. Food Policy Research Inst. |c 2001 | |
| 300 | |a XIII, 148 S. |b graph. Darst. | ||
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| 490 | 1 | |a Research report / International Food Policy Research Institute |v 119 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Food relief |z Egypt | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Food relief |z Egypt |x Costs | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Subsidies |z Egypt | |
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Record in the Search Index
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| adam_text | Titel: The Egyptian food subsidy system
Autor: Ahmed, Akhter U.
Jahr: 2001
Contents
List of Tables iv
List of Figures vii
Foreword viii
Acknowledgments ix
Summary xi
1. Introduction 1
2. The Policy Context 5
3. How the Present Food Subsidy System Operates 13
4. Household Surveys and Other Information Sources 17
5. The Geographic Allocation and Household-Level Use of
Food Subsidies 20
6. Leakage, Targeting, and Cost-Effectiveness 49
7. Patterns of Food Demand 67
8. Policy Options and Their Simulated General Equilibrium Effects 82
9. Conclusions for Policy 101
Appendix A: Method for Estimating Food Subsidy Cost 106
Appendix B: Estimating the Profitability of Baladi Bread Production 108
Appendix C: Leakage Estimation Method and Data 112
Appendix D: Mathematical Formulation for the Food Demand Model,
Based on Demand for Characteristics 114
Appendix E: The Computable General Equilibrium Model 118
Appendix F: Supplementary Tables 135
References 142
About the Authors 148
Tables
2.1. Total explicit subsidy costs of Egypt s food subsidy system, by
commodity, 1980/81 to 1996/97 8
3.1. Rates of food subsidy to consumers per unit of commodity,
1996/97 14
5.1. Allocation of food subsidy benefits, and distribution of population
and poverty, by governorates 23
5.2. Urban and rural allocations of per capita absolute food subsidy
benefits, by governorates, 1997 26
5.3. Distribution of food subsidy benefits and poverty, by region, 1997 27
5.4. Per capita purchases of subsidized and open-market bread and
flour, by region 31
5.5. Share of households purchasing subsidized baladi bread and
wheat flour, by region and expenditure quintile 33
5.6. Per capita monthly absolute benefits to consumers from
subsidized baladi bread and wheat flour, by region and
expenditure quintile 34
5.7. Average travel time to baladi bread outlets, by expenditure quintile 36
5.8. Average time waiting in line to purchase subsidized baladi bread,
by expenditure quintile 36
5.9. Restrictions on subsidized baladi bread and wheat flour purchases,
by expenditure quintile 36
5.10. Share of households holding ration cards, by expenditure quintile 37
5.11. Households with green and red ration cards, by expenditure
quintile 39
5.12. Prevalence of unregistered members in the ration card-holding
households, by expenditure quintile 40
5.13. Self-reported reasons for unregistered household members, by
expenditure quintile 42
5.14. Per capita purchases of rationed and open-market sugar and
cooking oil, by region 42
IV
5.15. Share of all households purchasing subsidized sugar and cooking
oil, by region and expenditure quintile 43
5.16. Per capita monthly absolute benefits to consumers from
subsidized and rationed sugar and cooking oil, by region and
expenditure quintile 43
5.17. Per capita monthly absolute benefits to consumers from all four
subsidized commodities, and total benefits expressed as a percent
of total per capita expenditures, by region and expenditure quintile 46
6.1. Purchases of subsidized baladi bread 51
6.2. Purchases of subsidized wheat flour 51
6.3. Purchase of subsidized rationed sugar 52
6.4. Purchases of subsidized rationed cooking oil 52
6.5. Leakage in the baladi bread subsidy system 53
6.6. Leakage in the wheat flour subsidy system 53
6.7. Leakage in the rationed sugar subsidy system 54
6.8. Leakage in the rationed cooking oil subsidy system 54
6.9. Per capita monthly baladi bread subsidy benefits accruing to
expenditure quintile groups, by region, and benefits to nonneedy,
1997 56
6.10. Per capita monthly wheat flour subsidy benefits accruing to
expenditure quintile groups, by region, and benefits to nonneedy,
1997 58
6.11. Per capita monthly sugar subsidy benefits accruing to expenditure
quintile groups, by region, and benefits to nonneedy, 1997 60
6.12. Per capita monthly cooking oil subsidy benefits accruing to
expenditure quintile groups, by region, and benefits to nonneedy,
1997 62
6.13. International comparison of cost-effectiveness of selective
programs 64
7.1. Per capita expenditures, calorie availability, and calorie cost, by
food group for metropolitan Egypt, 1997 68
7.2. Per capita expenditures, calorie availability, and calorie cost, by
food group for urban Lower Egypt, 1997 69
7.3. Per capita expenditures, calorie availability, and calorie cost, by
food group for rural Lower Egypt, 1997 70
7.4. Per capita expenditures, calorie availability, and calorie cost, by
food group for urban Upper Egypt, 1997 71
7.5. Per capita expenditures, calorie availability, and calorie cost, by
food group for rural Upper Egypt, 1997 72
7.6. Food expenditure and calorie shares, by cereals, nonstaple plant
foods, and animal/fish products, by region, 1997 74
7.7. Regional patterns of cereal consumption 75
7.8. Expenditure elasticities of all commodity groups, by region 78
7.9. Uncompensated (observed) own-price elasticities of demand for
all commodity groups, by region 79
7.10. Own-price and expenditure elasticities for the lowest 40 percent
(poor) and highest 60 percent (nonpoor) of income distribution 80
8.1. Disaggregation of factors, institutions, and activities in the CGE
model 84
8.2. Simulation assumptions 86
8.3. Summary of simulation results 88
8.4. Comparison of policy options for food subsidy reform 90
A.I. Calculation of the subsidy cost for the 82 percent-extraction wheat
flour supplied to bakeries for subsidized baladi bread production,
1996/97 107
B. 1. Costs of subsidized baladi bread production, by bakeries 109
B.2. Average profitability to bakeries of baladi bread production, by
region, 1997 110
E.I. Structure of household factor incomes in Social Accounting
Matrix (SAM) for 1996-97 125
E.2. Simulation results: Distribution of factor incomes 126
E.3. Simulation results: Foreign trade 127
E.4. Simulation results: Real production 128
E.5. Elasticity values used in the model 130
E.6. Mathematical statement for the Egypt Food CGE model 131
F. 1. Imported and domestic wheat supplied through the subsidy
system 135
F.2. Total domestic production and imports of cooking oil, and supply
of subsidized cooking oil 136
F.3. Total domestic production and imports of sugar, and supply of
subsidized sugar 136
F.4. Distribution of bakeries producing subsidized baladi bread, by
governorates, 1997 137
F.5. Distribution of total quantity of subsidized wheat flour, by
governorates, 1997 138
F.6. Distribution of total quantity of subsidized sugar and cooking oil,
by governorates, 1997 139
F.7. Population living in Egypt, by governorates, 1996 census 140
F.8. Distribution of ration cards, 1981/82-1997/98 141
F.9. Cost-effectiveness of Egyptian food subsidies for the consumers,
1997 141
VI
Figures
5.1. Map of the Arab Republic of Egypt 22
5.2. Distribution of population and food subsidy benefits, by
governorates, 1997 24
5.3. Urban and rural allocation of per capita absolute food subsidy
benefits, by governorates, 1997 25
5.4. Food subsidy allocations and distribution of poverty, by region,
1997 28
5.5. Share of households purchasing subsidized baladi bread and
wheat flour, all Egypt by expenditure quintile, 1997 32
5.6. Per capita monthly absolute benefits to consumers from subsidized
baladi bread and wheat flour, all Egypt by expenditure quintile 35
5.7. Share of households holding ration cards, all Egypt by expenditure
quintile 38
5.8. Share of household members not registered on the ration cards,
all Egypt by expenditure quintile 41
5.9. Share of all households purchasing rationed commodities, all Egypt
by expenditure quintile 44
5.10. Per capita monthly absolute benefits to consumers from rationed
subsidies, all Egypt by expenditure quintile 45
6.1. Cost-effectiveness of the food subsidy system (cost of supplying
LE 1.00 to a consumer) 65
E.I. Production technology 120
vu
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| spelling | The Egyptian food subsidy system structure, performance, and options for reform Akhter U. Ahmed ... Washington, D.C. Internat. Food Policy Research Inst. 2001 XIII, 148 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Research report / International Food Policy Research Institute 119 Food relief Egypt Food relief Egypt Costs Subsidies Egypt Ernährungssicherung (DE-588)4152826-8 gnd rswk-swf Ägypten (DE-588)4000556-2 gnd rswk-swf Ägypten (DE-588)4000556-2 g Ernährungssicherung (DE-588)4152826-8 s DE-604 Ahmed, Akhter U. Sonstige oth International Food Policy Research Institute Research report 119 (DE-604)BV000721261 119 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009669987&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | The Egyptian food subsidy system structure, performance, and options for reform Food relief Egypt Food relief Egypt Costs Subsidies Egypt Ernährungssicherung (DE-588)4152826-8 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4152826-8 (DE-588)4000556-2 |
| title | The Egyptian food subsidy system structure, performance, and options for reform |
| title_auth | The Egyptian food subsidy system structure, performance, and options for reform |
| title_exact_search | The Egyptian food subsidy system structure, performance, and options for reform |
| title_full | The Egyptian food subsidy system structure, performance, and options for reform Akhter U. Ahmed ... |
| title_fullStr | The Egyptian food subsidy system structure, performance, and options for reform Akhter U. Ahmed ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Egyptian food subsidy system structure, performance, and options for reform Akhter U. Ahmed ... |
| title_short | The Egyptian food subsidy system |
| title_sort | the egyptian food subsidy system structure performance and options for reform |
| title_sub | structure, performance, and options for reform |
| topic | Food relief Egypt Food relief Egypt Costs Subsidies Egypt Ernährungssicherung (DE-588)4152826-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Food relief Egypt Food relief Egypt Costs Subsidies Egypt Ernährungssicherung Ägypten |
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