Advanced pulverized coal injection technology and blast furnace operation:
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| Format: | Book |
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| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Oxford
Pergamon
2000
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| Edition: | 1. ed. |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XVI, 307 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 008043651X |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Advanced pulverized coal injection technology and blast furnace operation |c ed. by Kuniyoshi Ishii |
| 250 | |a 1. ed. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Oxford |b Pergamon |c 2000 | |
| 300 | |a XVI, 307 S. |b graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
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| 650 | 7 | |a Altos fornos |2 larpcal | |
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| 650 | 4 | |a Coal gasification | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Coal, Pulverized | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Combustion engineering | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Ishii, Kuniyoshi |e Sonstige |4 oth | |
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| 999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-009507005 | ||
Record in the Search Index
| _version_ | 1804128735853543424 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Titel: Advanced pulverized coal injection technology and blast furnace operation
Autor: Ishii, Kuniyoshi
Jahr: 2000
Contents
Preface.....................................................................................................vü
CHAPTER 1
Tadashi Deno, Yoshio Okuno
Introduction - High rate PCI Operation in Japan -...................................................1
1.1 Outline of high rate PCI Operation in Japan.......................................................1
1.2 Actual Situation of high rate PCI..........................................................................5
1.3 Subjects on high rate PCI....................................................................................10
1.3.1 Increase in permeability resistance in furnace..........................................10
1.3.2 Increase in heat loss.....................................................................................10
1.3.3 Accumulation of unburnt char...................................................................12
1.3.4 Influence of coal brand on combustion of PC in raceway........................12
1.3.5 Accumulation of fines in deadman.............................................................12
REFERENCES...........................................................................................................14
CHAPTER 2
Ichirou Naruse, Takanobu Inada
Characteristics of pulverized coal combustion........................................................15
2.1 Classification of coal.............................................................................................15
2.2 Properties..............................................................................................................18
2.2.1 General properties.......................................................................................18
2.2.2 Macerals........................................................................................................22
2.2.3 Char structures............................................................................................22
2.2.4 Grindability..................................................................................................23
2.2.5 Ash constituents............................................................................................24
2.3 Processes of pulverized coal combustion............................................................27
2.3.1 Ignition..........................................................................................................29
x CONTENTS
2.3.2 Evolution of volatile matter........................................................................31
2.3.3 Char combustion........................................................................................- 32
2.3.4 Burnout.........................................................................................................33
2.4 Combustion characteristics of a Single coal particle.........................................33
2.5 Conclusion.............................................................................................................34
REFERENCES...........................................................................................................34
CHAPTER3
Tatsurou Ariyama
Combustion behavior of PC particle group.............................................................37
3.1 Movement of PC particle group based on direct Observation..........................38
3.2 Combustion of PC in the blowpipe.....................................................................42
3.2.1 Movement of PC particle group and its combustion behavior................42
3.2.2 Effect of coal type.........................................................................................45
3.2.3 PC pyrolysis just after injecrion.................................................................48
3.2.4 Effect of oxygen concentration...................................................................49
3.2.5 Effect of additives to coal............................................................................49
3.3 Combustion mechanism of PC particle group in the blowpipe........................50
3.3.1 Combustion of a Single particle constituting a PC particle group...........50
3.3.2 PC group combustion..................................................................................52
3.3.3 Mathematical formulation of PC particle dispersion...............................56
3.4 Combustion of PC in the raceway......................................................................57
3.5 Conclusion.............................................................................................................62
REFERENCES...........................................................................................................62
CHAPTER 4
Tsunao Kamijou, Masakata Shimizu
•C Combustion in blast furnace.......................................... 63
4.1 Gas composition and temperature at the combustion zone..............................63
4.1.1 Distribution of gas composition..................................................................63
4.1.2 Temperature distribution........................................................................68
CONTENTS xi
4.2 Evaluation of PC combustion efficiency.............................................................71
4.2.1 Effect of PC injecrion rate...........................................................................71
4.2.2 Effect of coal properties...............................................................................72
4.2.3 Effect of lance construction.........................................................................75
4.2.4 Effect of blast condition...............................................................................80
4.3 Control of combustibility.....................................................................................80
REFERENCES...........................................................................................................82
CHAPTER5
Hiroshi Nogami, Kanji Takeda
Modeling of pulverized coal combustion..................................................................83
5.1 Combustion behavior of a Single pulverized coal particle................................83
5.2 Formulation of unit processes.............................................................................86
5.2.1 Devolatilization.............................................................................................86
5.2.2 Char combustion..........................................................................................90
5.2.3 Heat and momentum exchange between particle and gas phase.............91
5.2.4 Radiative heat transfer................................................................................93
5.2.5 Formulation of Single coal particle burning..............................................95
5.3 Coupling up unit processes and combustion field.............................................97
5.3.1 Turbulent model...........................................................................................97
5.3.2 Homogeneous gaseous combustion in turbulent flow field......................99
5.3.3 Particle motion in turbulent combustion fields.......................................101
(1) Lagrangian method..............................................................................101
(2) Eulerian method...................................................................................103
5.4 Mathematical modeling of pulverized coal combustion..................................104
5.4.1 One-dimensional mathematical model.....................................................104
5.4.2 Two-dimensional mathematical model....................................................108
5.4.3 Future subjects on a mathematical model...............................................115
REFERENCES.........................................................................................................116
NOMENCLATURE .................................................................................................119
xii CONTENTS
CHAPTER6
Tatsurou Ariyama
Advanced injecrion Iances for high rate PCI.........................................................123
6.1 Key factor to design injecrion lance with high combustibilify.......................123
6.2 Advanced injection lance...................................................................................126
6.2.1 High turbulence type lance.......................................................................126
6.2.2 Eccentric double lance...............................................................................126
6.2.3 Oxy-coal lance............................................................................................!29
6.3 Conclusion...........................................................................................................131
REFERENCES.........................................................................................................132
CHAPTER 7
Kuniyoshi Ishii, Yoshiaki Kashiwaya
Phenomena in blast furnace with high rate PCI....................................................133
7.1 Change in bürden distribution.........................................................................133
7.1.1 Relationship between bürden distribution and gas permeability.........133
7.1.2 Bürden distribution changes with increased O/C..................................137
(1) Distribution of gas flow........................................................................138
(2) Distribution of particle size.................................................................138
(3) Influence on the O/C near the periphery...........................................139
(4) Maximum value of lo/lc.......................................................................139
(5) Operation results in actual blast furnace...........................................140
7.2 Decrease of heat flux ratio.................................................................................143
7.3 Variation of gas permeability resistance...........................................................146
7.4 Variation of temperature distribution and increase of heat loss....................149
7.5 Change of reactions in BF..................................................................................154
7.5.1 Rist diagram for PCI................................................................................154
7.5.2 Temperature and gas utilization in peripheral region...........................156
7.5.3 Solution loss reaction and PCI..................................................................157
7.6 Phenomena in raceway and lower part of BF..................................................159
CONTENTS xiü
7.6.1 Formation of shell and dripping behavior around raceway..................159
7.6.2 Fine coke in deadman................................................................................164
7.7 Conclusion...........................................................................................................166
REFERENCES.........................................................................................................166
CHAPTER8
Tomohito Akiyama, Yoshimasa Kajiwara
Generation of fine in blast furnace at high rate PCI.............................................169
8.1 Origin of fines.....................................................................................................169
8.1.1 Fine generation phenomena with PCI.....................................................169
(1) Coke degradation.................................................................................169
(2) Fine from PC........................................................................................169
8.1.2 Studies offine generated in blast furnace................................................169
(1) Dissection of blast furnace...................................................................169
(2) Fine sample at shutdown...................................................................173
(3) Fine sampled during Operation...........................................................177
8.1.3 Mechanism of fine generation..................................................................178
(l)Coke.......................................................................................................178
(2) PCR.......................................................................................................184
8.1.4 Identification of origin of generated fine.................................................184
(1) Estimation of temperature history of coke........................................184
(2) Estimation by slag analysis..................................................................187
8.1.5 Summary of fine generation......................................................................188
8.2 Effect of PC combustion on fine coke generation............................................189
8.2.1 Effect of PCI on fine coke generation......................................................189
8.2.2 Fine generation in high rate PCI Operation in actual BF.......................190
8.2.3 Fine generation by hot model experiments..............................................194
8.2.4 Fine generation in high rate PCI by mathematical Simulation.............198
8.3 Transportation and accumulation of fine.........................................................199
8.3.1 Introduction................................................................................................199
8.3.2 Cold model experiment.............................................................................199
(1) Fine coke accumulation in deadman..................................................199
xiv CONTENTS
(2) Penetration offine coke generated from raceway.............................200
(3) Formulation offine coke velocity in packed bed...............................201
(4) Fine movement in trickle bed..............................................................202
(5) Formulation offine accumulation rate in packed bed.....................203
(6) Penetration offine into parallel packed bed.....................................203
8.3.3 Mathematical Simulation...........................................................................205
(1) Solution loss reaction of unburnt char.............................................205
(2) Model of movement and dispersion offine........................................205
(3) Simulation offine movement and accumulation in BF.....................206
(4) Effect of cohesive zone shape on fine accumulation..........................207
(5) Prediction offine accumulation by four-fluid model........................208
8.3.4 Summary.....................................................................................................208
8.4 Consumption offine in blast furnace................................................................210
APPENDIX...............................................................................................................211
REFERENCES.........................................................................................................213
NOMENCLATURE.................................................................................................215
CHÄPTER9
Masahiro Kawakami, Kazuyoshi Yamaguchi
Bürden properties suitable for high rate PCI........................................................217
9.1 Agglomerate properties for high rate PCI.......................................................218
9.1.1 Sinter properties required for high rate PCI..........................................218
(1) Reduction degradation at low temperatures (RDI).........................218
(2) Reducibility (JIS-RI)............................................................................218
(3) Softening and melt-down properties at high temperatures..............220
9.1.2 Change in sinter properties during high rate PCI in BF.......................220
(1) Improvement in JIS-RI........................................................................221
(2) Aggravation of RDI............................................................................222
(3) Improvement in cold strength (SI and TI).........................................222
9.1.3 Effect of sinter properties on gas permeability.......................................222
(1) Slag volume (content of Si02 in sinter) 222
W™1.........................................................IIIIIIIIIII225
CONTENTS xv
(3) Unburnt char........................................................................................228
(4) Mixing nuts coke into iron ore Iayer...................................................230
9.1.4 Future work................................................................................................232
9.2 Coke properties for high rate PCI....................................................................233
9.2.1 Effect offine coke on BF Operation..........................................................234
(1) CRS and bürden descent.....................................................................237
(2) Effect of coke fines on permeability...................................................237
(3) Fine accumulation area Controlling permeability............................237
9.2.2 Control of coke fine generation................................................................239
(1) Improvement in cold strength (DI).....................................................241
(2) Improvement in CSR...........................................................................244
(3) Improvement in combustion efficiency of PC...................................245
(4) Application of high reactivity of unburnt char..................................245
(5) Reactivity (CRI) of nuts coke..............................................................245
(6) Increase in coke reactivity...................................................................250
(7) Increase in coke size.............................................................................252
9.2.3 Enhancement of coke fine consumption..................................................252
9.2.4 Summary.....................................................................................................253
REFERENCES.........................................................................................................255
CHAPTER10
Tadashi Deno
Upper Iimit of PCR...................................................................................................259
10.1 Replacement ratio of coke to PC.....................................................................259
10.1.1 Actual replacement ratio in blast furnace.............................................259
10.1.2 Effects of PC properties and Operation conditions
on replacement ratio........................................................260
(1) Coal type and component....................................................................260
(2) PCR.......................................................................................................262
(3) Stoichiometric oxygen ratio (Excess air ratio)................................263
(4) Theoretical flame temperature...........................................................265
10.1.3 Theoretical study on replacement ratio.................................................266
xvi CONTENTS
(1) Estimation from total heat and mass balance....................................266
(2) Estimation considering carbon consumption....................................269
10.1.4 Subjects for future study.........................................................................272
10.2 Upper limit of PCR...........................................................................................273
10.2.1 PCRbased on minimum stoichiometric oxygen ratio.........................274
10.2.2 Limit of PCRbased on maximum consumption of unburnt char.......275
(1) Estimation of consumption rate of unburnt char..............................275
(2) Reactions of unburnt char...................................................................283
10.2.3 Coke rate and carbon Solution loss reaction..........................................290
10.2.4 Coke rate and bürden distribution........................................................294
10.3 Summary..........................................................................................................296
REFERENCES.........................................................................................................297
Index..........................................................................................................................299
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| spelling | Advanced pulverized coal injection technology and blast furnace operation ed. by Kuniyoshi Ishii 1. ed. Oxford Pergamon 2000 XVI, 307 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Altos fornos larpcal Carvão larpcal Coal gasification Coal, Pulverized Combustion engineering Kohlenstaubfeuerung (DE-588)4164535-2 gnd rswk-swf Kohlenstaubfeuerung (DE-588)4164535-2 s DE-604 Ishii, Kuniyoshi Sonstige oth HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009507005&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Advanced pulverized coal injection technology and blast furnace operation Altos fornos larpcal Carvão larpcal Coal gasification Coal, Pulverized Combustion engineering Kohlenstaubfeuerung (DE-588)4164535-2 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4164535-2 |
| title | Advanced pulverized coal injection technology and blast furnace operation |
| title_auth | Advanced pulverized coal injection technology and blast furnace operation |
| title_exact_search | Advanced pulverized coal injection technology and blast furnace operation |
| title_full | Advanced pulverized coal injection technology and blast furnace operation ed. by Kuniyoshi Ishii |
| title_fullStr | Advanced pulverized coal injection technology and blast furnace operation ed. by Kuniyoshi Ishii |
| title_full_unstemmed | Advanced pulverized coal injection technology and blast furnace operation ed. by Kuniyoshi Ishii |
| title_short | Advanced pulverized coal injection technology and blast furnace operation |
| title_sort | advanced pulverized coal injection technology and blast furnace operation |
| topic | Altos fornos larpcal Carvão larpcal Coal gasification Coal, Pulverized Combustion engineering Kohlenstaubfeuerung (DE-588)4164535-2 gnd |
| topic_facet | Altos fornos Carvão Coal gasification Coal, Pulverized Combustion engineering Kohlenstaubfeuerung |
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