Theory of activity gated attention in the visual cortex:
Saved in:
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Thesis Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Göttingen
Cuvillier
2001
|
| Edition: | 1. Aufl. |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | VI, 232 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 3898731642 |
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MARC
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Theory of activity gated attention in the visual cortex |c Julian Eggert |
| 250 | |a 1. Aufl. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Göttingen |b Cuvillier |c 2001 | |
| 300 | |a VI, 232 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
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Record in the Search Index
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| adam_text | Contents
1 Introduction 1
1.1 Specifying the Problem 1
1.2 Levels of Organization and the Multi Level Strategy 2
1.3 Existing Views and Models of The Attentional Problem 4
1.4 Summary of the Proposal 5
1.4.1 Technical Summary 5
1.4.2 Discussion Forum Metaphor 7
1.4.3 Important Points 8
1.5 Overview of the Parts and Sections 9
1.5.1 Partl 9
1.5.2 Part 2 11
1 Models for Large Scale Neuronal Dynamics 13
2 Introduction to Neuronal Dynamics and Circuitry 15
2.1 The Neuron as the Information Processing Unit of the Brain .... 15
2.2 Connections and Synapses 17
2.3 Action Potentials (Spikes) 18
2.4 Gain Functions 18
2.5 Neuronal Types, Layers, Maps and Areas 19
3 Models of Spiking Neurons: Why Are they Necessary? 23
3.1 Hodgkin Huxley Model 23
3.2 Spike Response Model 24
3.2.1 General Formulation 24
3.2.2 Spike Trains 25
3.2.3 Input Integration 25
3.2.4 Refractory Behavior 27
3.2.5 Adaptive Effects 27
3.3 Integrate Fire Model 31
3.4 Spike Response Model with Escape Noise 33
3.4.1 Introducing Noise to the Spike Response Model 33
3.4.2 Escape Noise and the Activation Function 34
3.5 Phase Oscillator Models 36
3.6 Conclusions of this Chapter 37
4 Assembliesof Spiking Neurons: Collective Phenomena 39
4.1 Neuronal Assemblies 39
4.1.1 Definition 39
4.1.2 Macroscopic Variables 40
4.1.3 Synaptic Field 42
4.2 Neuronal Density 43
4.3 Simple Assembly Dynamics: Graded Response Models 44
4.3.1 Standard Graded Response Models 44
4.3.2 Graded Response Models with Refractory Effects 45
4.4 Synchronous Activity and Coherent Oscillations 47
4.4.1 Experiments 47
4.4.2 Coherent Oscillations: Locking 48
4.5 Fast Response Onsets and Propagation of Pulse Packets 50
4.5.1 Experiments 51
5 Macroscopic Assembly Dynamics I 53
5.1 General Form of Assembly Dynamics 53
5.1.1 Derivation of the Pool Activity Equation 53
5.1.2 Survival Function Form 56
5.2 Escape Noise Assembly Dynamics 57
5.2.1 Derivation of The Dynamics 57
6 Macroscopic Assembly Dynamics II 59
6.1 Differential Equation Pool Dynamics 59
6.1.1 Synaptic Field 59
6.1.2 Activation Probability Functions 60
6.1.3 Time Evolution of the Number of Inactivated Neurons ... 61
6.1.4 Pool Dynamics 62
6.2 Consequences 64
6.2.1 Systematic Approximations 65
6.2.2 Zeroth Order Approximation:
Stationary Solution and Gain Function 66
6.2.3 First Order Approximation:
Quasistationary Dynamics and Graded Response 67
6.2.4 Higher Order Approximations:
Realistic Assembly Dynamics 69
6.3 Connection with Other Models 70
6.3.1 Gain Function 71
6.3.2 Wilson and Cowan Integral Equation Model 72
6.3.3 Standard Graded Response Models 72
6.3.4 Graded Response Models with Refractory Effects 73
6.3.5 Connection with Models of Spiking Neurons 73
6.4 Summary and Conclusions of the Last Two Chapters 76
7 Assembly Dynamics of Phase Oscillators 77
7.1 Introduction 77
7.1.1 Background 77
7.1.2 Motivation 81
7.1.3 Overviewof the Rest of the Chapter 82
7.2 Networks of Pools of Phase Oscillators 83
7.2.1 Main Pool Equations 83
7.2.2 Conditions for Stationary Network Solutions 85
7.2.3 Explicit Stationary Network Solutions for rm and tym .... 88
7.2.4 Stability of the Solutions 89
7.2.5 Simple Stationary Network Solutions 90
7.2.6 Model Dynamics 91
7.2.7 Consequences 94
7.3 Lyapunov Function 96
7.4 TheRoleofNoise 97
7.5 From Macroscopic Variables to Spike Density 99
8 The Graded Osdllator Model (COM) 103
8.1 The Graded Oscillator Model 103
8.1.1 Amplitude, Phase and Mean Activity 103
8.1.2 New Macroscopic Variables 104
8.1.3 Complete GOM Dynamics 104
8.1.4 Consequences 106
8.1.5 Feeding vs. Coupling Connections 107
8.1.6 Building Synchronization Detectors 108
8.1.7 Lyapunov Function 111
8.2 Summary and Conclusions of the Last Two Chapters 112
9 Transient and Oscillatory Activity Revisited 113
9.1 Pulse Propagation and Oscillatory Activity for SRM Pools 114
9.1.1 Noise Free Activity Propagation 114
9.1.2 Conditions for Locking and Oscillatory Activity 115
9.1.3 Including Noise 116
9.1.4 Fast Transients and Pulse Propagation 117
9.1.5 Locking and Oscillatory Activity with Noise 118
9.2 Comparison: Spiking Assembly Dynamics and the GOM 118
9.2.1 Phase Dynamics 118
9.2.2 Centroid Dynamics 119
9.3 Summary: Dynamical Properties of Neuronal Assemblies 122
II Activity Gated Attentional Networks 125
10 What is Attention? 127
10.1 What is attention? 127
10.2 Characterization of the phenomenon ofcovert attention (CA) .... 127
10.3 Questions about covert attention 128
10.4 Organization of the rest of the thesis 131
11 Psychophysical and Physiological Evidence for Attention 133
11.1 Psychophysical experiments 133
11.2 Cellular recordings 134
12 Constraints for a Model of Covert Attention 139
12.1 Anatomical constraints 139
12.2 Temporal constraints 141
13 Models of Covert Attention 143
13.1 Early vs. Late Selection Theories, Capacity Sharing Theories .... 143
13.2 FIT Theory and the Searchlight Hypothesis 144
13.3 Input Gating and Cell Gating Models 144
13.4 Routing and Gating Models 145
13.5 Conclusions 146
14 A New Model of Attentional Processing 149
14.1 Indications for Alternative Models of Attention 149
14.1.1 Psychophysical Evidence 149
14.1.2 Neurophysiological Evidence . 151
14.2 Oscillatory Activity and Attention 153
14.3 A New Model of Attentional Processing 154
14.3.1 Guidelines for a CA Mechanism 155
14.3.2 The Attentional Timing Problem 159
14.3.3 Bimodal Operating Principle of the Visual System 160
15 Components and Microcircuit Organization 163
15.1 Driving, Modulating and Gating Network Components 163
15.1.1 Loops in Cortical Networks 163
15.1.2 Driving, Modulating and Gating Synaptic Input 165
15.2 Implementation of the Components 166
15.2.1 Hebb s Dynamical Assemblies 166
15.2.2 Microcircuit Organization 168
16 Network Architecture and Dynamics 175
16.1 Processing Areas and Pathways 175
16.1.1 Different Processing Areas 175
16.1.2 What and Where Pathways 177
16.2 Feedforward Information Flow 178
16.3 Lateral Connections 179
16.3.1 Lateral Connections in the Lower Areas:
Gestalt Laws and Contour Integration 179
16.3.2 Intracolumnar Lateral Connections:
Redundancy Reduction and Conjunction Enhancement ... 180
16.4 Feedback Connections 182
16.4.1 Hypothesis Generating and Testing Principle 183
16.4.2 Backpropagation of Hypotheses 183
16.4.3 Instantiation of Prior Knowledge 185
16.4.4 Match between Prior Knowledge and Sensory Data 185
16.4.5 Multiplicative Effect of Prior Knowledge 185
17 Simulation* and Results 187
17.1 Simulations of Computational Units 187
17.1.1 SP and OG Pools 187
17.1.2 Stimulus Locked and Stimulus Induced Oscillations .... 189
17.2 Network Simulations 191
17.2.1 Feedforward Processing:
The Functional Role of Fast Transients 191
17.2.2 Intercolumnar Lateral Processing:
Incorporation of Prior Knowledge 193
17.2.3 Feedback Processing 196
17.3 Reproduction of Experiments 199
17.3.1 Locationally Guided Attention:
The Experiment of Moran Desimone 199
17.3.2 Memory Guided Attention:
The Experiment of Chelazzi 201
17.4 Serial Processing and the Attentional Timing Problem 203
18 Experimental Support and Discussion 205
18.1 Synchronization and Oscillatory Activity 205
18.1.1 Computational Units Composed of Two Functionally Dif
ferent Subpopulations 205
18.1.2 Modulation of the Oscillatory Activity 206
18.2 Internally and Externally Driven Synchrony 207
18.2.1 Temporal Synchrony Aids Figural Binding 207
18.2.2 Temporal Asynchrony does not Destroy Binding 207
18.2.3 Transients Destroy Coherence 208
18.3 Gating by Feedback Connections 209
18.4 Network Architecture and Dynamics 209
18.4.1 Background Activity 209
18.4.2 Architecture and Concurrent Processing Streams 210
18.4.3 Lesion Studies 210
18.5 Biased Competition 211
18.6 lllusory Conjunctions 212
18.7 Attention, Timing and Memory 212
18.8 Discussion 213
18.8.1 Related Models 213
18.8.2 Originofthe Attentional Signal 214
18.8.3 Saliency and the Focus of Attention 214
18.8.4 Predictions of the Model 215
19 Conclusions and Summary 217
19.1 Conclusions 217
19.1.1 The Isocortex Principle 217
19.1.2 Attention as a Dynamic Filter? 217
19.1.3 Vision as an Underconstrained Problem 218
19.1.4 What is Attention? 219
19.1.5 Outlook 219
19.2 Summary 220
Bibliography 223
Acknowledgements 233
|
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| indexdate | 2024-07-09T18:53:42Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 3898731642 |
| language | English |
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| physical | VI, 232 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 2001 |
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| publisher | Cuvillier |
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| spelling | Eggert, Julian Verfasser aut Theory of activity gated attention in the visual cortex Julian Eggert 1. Aufl. Göttingen Cuvillier 2001 VI, 232 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Zugl.: München, Techn. Univ., Diss., 2000 Sehrinde (DE-588)4180718-2 gnd rswk-swf Oszillator (DE-588)4132814-0 gnd rswk-swf Visuelle Aufmerksamkeit (DE-588)4329020-6 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4113937-9 Hochschulschrift gnd-content Sehrinde (DE-588)4180718-2 s Visuelle Aufmerksamkeit (DE-588)4329020-6 s Oszillator (DE-588)4132814-0 s DE-604 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009496419&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Eggert, Julian Theory of activity gated attention in the visual cortex Sehrinde (DE-588)4180718-2 gnd Oszillator (DE-588)4132814-0 gnd Visuelle Aufmerksamkeit (DE-588)4329020-6 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4180718-2 (DE-588)4132814-0 (DE-588)4329020-6 (DE-588)4113937-9 |
| title | Theory of activity gated attention in the visual cortex |
| title_auth | Theory of activity gated attention in the visual cortex |
| title_exact_search | Theory of activity gated attention in the visual cortex |
| title_full | Theory of activity gated attention in the visual cortex Julian Eggert |
| title_fullStr | Theory of activity gated attention in the visual cortex Julian Eggert |
| title_full_unstemmed | Theory of activity gated attention in the visual cortex Julian Eggert |
| title_short | Theory of activity gated attention in the visual cortex |
| title_sort | theory of activity gated attention in the visual cortex |
| topic | Sehrinde (DE-588)4180718-2 gnd Oszillator (DE-588)4132814-0 gnd Visuelle Aufmerksamkeit (DE-588)4329020-6 gnd |
| topic_facet | Sehrinde Oszillator Visuelle Aufmerksamkeit Hochschulschrift |
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