Microbial physiology & metabolism:
Saved in:
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Dubuque, Iowa [u.a.]
Brown
1995
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XXI, 353 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0697171922 |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Caldwell, Daniel R. |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Microbial physiology & metabolism |c Daniel R. Caldwell |
| 264 | 1 | |a Dubuque, Iowa [u.a.] |b Brown |c 1995 | |
| 300 | |a XXI, 353 S. |b graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
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| 650 | 7 | |a Microorganismes - Métabolisme |2 ram | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Microorganismes - Physiologie |2 ram | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Microbial metabolism | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Microorganisms |x Physiology | |
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| adam_text | IMAGE 1
CONTENTS
PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGMENTS XIX XXI
CHAPTER 1 THE NATURE OF MICROBIAL PHYSIOLOGY
WHAT IS PHYSIOLOGY? WHERE DO THE MICROBES FIT IN THE PHYSIOLOGICAL
WORLD?
THE COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY OF MICROBES AND LARGE LIFE FORMS SIZE
STRUCTURES METABOLIC VERSATILITY AND ADAPTABILITY
NUTRITION SUMMARY
1
1 2
2 2 3
3 3 4
CHAPTER 2 THE SUBCELLULAR STRUCTURES OF MICROBES 5
THE STRUCTURES OF LARGE AND SMALL LIFE FORMS 5
THE COMPARATIVE STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES OF PROCARYOTIC AND EUCARYOTIC
CELLS 5
THE STRUCTURES OF THE MICROBIAL CELL 7
GELATINOUS SURFACE LAYERS 7
PROPOSED FUNCTIONS FOR CAPSULES 7
CELL WALLS 8
CONTRASTS BETWEEN WALLS IN EUCARYOTES AND PROCARYOTES 8
THE GRAM-POSITIVE PROCARYOTIC CELL WALL 8
TEICHOIC ACIDS 9
THE GRAM-NEGATIVE CELL ENVELOPE 9
THE PERIPLASM 10
COMPARISONS BETWEEN THE GRAM-NEGATIVE CELL ENVELOPE AND THE
GRAM-POSITIVE CELL WALL 10 PROTOPLASTS AND SPHEROPLASTS 11
THE COMPARATIVE PROPERTIES OF INTACT CELLS, PROTOPLASTS, AND
SPHEROPLASTS 11 PHAGE ATTACHMENT AND REPLICATION 12
THE WALL IS REQUIRED FOR INDUCTION OF SPORULATION, BUT NOT FOR ITS
COMPLETION 12
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS, DNA REPLICATION, AND TRANSPORT 12
VII
IMAGE 2
VI11 MICROBIAL PHYSIOLOGY AND METABOLISM
PILI 13
FLAGELLA AND CILIA 13
EUCARYOTIC FLAGELLA AND CILIA 13
PROCARYOTIC FLAGELLA 14
FLAGELLA SYNTHESIS 15
FLAGELLA MUTANTS 16
CHEMOTAXIS 16
THE FUNCTIONING OF METHYL-ACCEPTING CHEMOTACTIC PROTEINS 16
PERIPLASMIC FLAGELLA 17
OTHER MOTILITY MODES 17
SWARMING MOTILITY 17
NONFLAGELLA-MEDIATED MOTILITY 17
GLIDING MOTILITY 17
THE CYTOPLASMIC MEMBRANE 17
THE ROLE OF THE CYTOPLASMIC MEMBRANE IN SELECTIVE PERMEABILITY AND
TRANSPORT 18 THE SIEVE AND PORE THEORIES 18
THE MOSAIC THEORY 18
THE REVERSIBLE CHEMICAL COMBINATION THEORY 18
THE PERMEASE THEORY 19
THE MOLECULAR REORIENTATION THEORY 19
THE FLUID MOSAIC THEORY OF MEMBRANE STRUCTURE AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR
TRANSPORT 19 INTRACELLULAR MEMBRANOUS ORGANELLES 19
MEMBRANOUS ORGANELLES IN PROCARYOTES 19
MEMBRANOUS CYTOPLASMIC ORGANELLES IN EUCARYOTES 19
DOUBLE-MEMBRANE BOUND INTRACYTOPLASMIC EUCARYOTIC ORGANELLES 20
THE GOLGI APPARATUS 20
THE ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM 20
RIBOSOMES 20
GENETIC MATERIAL 21
PLASMIDS 21
SPORES 21
STORAGE GRANULES 22
SUMMARY 22
SELECTED REFERENCES 23
CHAPTER 3 S T R U C T U RE F O R M A T I ON 27
THE COMMON PROPERTIES OF STRUCTURE SYNTHESIS IN MICROBES 27
CRITICAL PHYSIOLOGICAL QUESTIONS REGARDING STRUCTURE SYNTHESIS 28
SYNTHESIS OF THE GRAM-POSITIVE WALL 28
TRANSPORT OF BUILDING BLOCKS THROUGH THE MEMBRANE 28
TEICHOIC AND TEICHURONIC ACID SYNTHESIS 30
ADDITIONAL FEATURES OF GRAM-POSITIVE WALL SYNTHESIS 35
GRAM-NEGATIVE CELL ENVELOPE FORMATION 35
LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE SYNTHESIS 36
PHOSPHOLIPIDS AND OUTER MEMBRANE PROTEINS 36
ASSEMBLY OF THE GRAM-NEGATIVE ENVELOPE 36
MUREIN LIPOPROTEIN 36
IMAGE 3
CONTENTS
IX
EXOPOLYSACCHARIDE SYNTHESIS PHYSIOLOGICAL QUESTIONS POSED BY
EXOPOLYSACCHARIDE SYNTHESIS PHYSIOLOGICAL FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE
EXOPOLYSACCHARIDE FORMATION MODES OF EXOPOLYSACCHARIDE SYNTHESIS THE
IMPORTANCE OF DINUCLEOTIDE PRECURSORS THE INVOLVEMENT OF LIPID-BOUND
PRECURSORS
POLYMER FORMATION EXCRETION OF THE COMPLETED POLYMER AND ATTACHMENT TO
THE CELL SURFACE REGULATION OF EXOPOLYSACCHARIDE FORMATION AND FUNCTION
RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN EXOPOLYSACCHARIDE SYNTHESIS AND CELL WALL
SYNTHESIS
SUMMARY
SELECTED REFERENCES
39 40 40 40 41 42 42 42 43 43 45
45
CHAPTER 4 THE PHYSIOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS OF NUTRITION NUTRITION AS AN
INDICATION OF PHYSIOLOGICAL COMPLEXITY THE COMMONALITY OF GROWTH
REQUIREMENTS THE BACTERIA AS NUTRITIONAL MODELS
NUTRITION IMPLIES MUCH MORE THAN WHAT AN ORGANISM NEEDS TO GROW
CRITICAL PHYSIOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS OF A NUTRIENT REQUIREMENT THE AMOUNT
OF A NUTRIENT REQUIRED DOES NOT DETERMINE ITS IMPORTANCE SPECIFICITY AND
FORM UPTAKE
NUTRITIONAL MUTANTS AS PHYSIOLOGICAL PROBES STRUCTURE FORMATION AND
FUNCTION RESPONSE TO ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE
SUMMARY
SELECTED REFERENCES
47 47 48 49
49 50 50 50 51 51 51 52 53 53
CHAPTER 5 GROWTH
THE GENERAL IMPLICATIONS OF MICROBIAL GROWTH THE NATURE OF MICROBIAL
GROWTH
CELL DIVISION IS OBLIGATORY FOR MICROBES WHY DOES A MICROBIAL CELL
DIVIDE? THE EVENTS OF CELL DIVISION IN A POPULATION
PHASES OF BATCH CULTURE SHIFT UP AND SHIFT DOWN CHANGES INOCULUM SIZE
THE LOGARITHMIC PHASE THE STATIONARY PHASE THE DEATH PHASE
CONTINUOUS CULTURE MECHANISMS OF CONTINUOUS CULTURE CONTROL CHEMOSTATIC
CONTINUOUS CULTURE DILUTION RATE AND GROWTH RATE EFFECTS
GROWTH YIELDS AND MAINTENANCE ENERGY
55 55 55 55
56 56 57 58
58 58 58 59 59 60 60 62
63
IMAGE 4
MICROBIAL PHYSIOLOGY AND METABOLISM
SYNCHRONOUS CULTURE METHODS FOR ACHIEVING SYNCHRONOUS CULTURE
GROWTH MEASUREMENT DIRECT MEASURES OF GROWTH VIABLE CELL MEASUREMENT
MEASURES OF MASS DRY WEIGHT PROTEIN MEASUREMENT METHODS
THE FOLIN REACTION COOMASSIE BLUE DNA
THE RELATIONSHIP OF CELL MASS MEASURES TO OTHER PARAMETERS GROWTH YIELD
AND RATE CALCULATION CALCULATING THE LAG TIME THE INSTANTANEOUS GROWTH
RATE
ARITHMETIC GROWTH
MICROBIAL GROWTH IN THE LABORATORY AND IN NATURE
SUMMARY
SELECTED REFERENCES
63 63 64 65 65 66 66 66
67 67 67
67 67 69 69
70 70 70
71
CHAPTER 6 TRANSPORT
THE CRITICAL IMPORTANCE OF TRANSPORT TYPES OF TRANSPORT SIMPLE DIFFUSION
FACILITATED DIFFUSION
ACTIVE TRANSPORT CHEMICAL MODIFICATION TRANSPORT TRANSPORT IN
GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA ION TRANSPORT
IRON TRANSPORT
METHODS FOR STUDY OF TRANSPORT
STUDY OF PROTEIN-MEDIATED TRANSPORT
TRANSPORT KINETICS
THE PHYSIOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF TRANSPORT
COMPARISONS OF TRANSPORT RATES
RELATIVE INTERNAL AND EXTRACELLULAR CONCENTRATIONS OF SUBSTANCES
SUMMARY
SELECTED REFERENCES
73 73 73 74 74 74
74 76 77
78 78 79 79 80 80 80 82 82
CHAPTER 7 CATABOLIC METABOLISM THE NATURE OF METABOLISM THE
INTERCONNECTEDNESS OF BIOCHEMICAL REACTIONS WAYS IN WHICH REACTIONS ARE
INTERCONNECTED
THE BACTERIA ARE THE MOST METABOLICALLY DIVERSE LIFE FORMS
CENTRAL PATHWAYS OF METABOLISM
COMMON BIOSYNTHETIC INTERMEDIATES
83 83 83 84
84 84 85
IMAGE 5
CONTENTS XI
THE EMBDEN-MEYERHOF-PARNAS PATHWAY 85
HEXOSE MONOPHOSPHATE PATHWAYS 89
THE HEXOSE MONOPHOSPHATE SHUNT PATHWAY 89
THE ENTNER-DOUDOROFF PATHWAY 91
CONTRASTS BETWEEN THE EMBDEN-MEYERHOF AND ENTNER-DOUDOROFF PATHWAYS 91
THE XYLULOSE-5-PHOSPHATE PHOSPHOKETOLASE PATHWAY 93
CONSEQUENCES OF THE XYLULOSE-5-PHOSPHATE PHOSPHOKETOLASE PATHWAY 93 THE
FATE OF THE TWO-CARBON MOIETY PRODUCED FROM XYLULOSE-5-PHOSPHATE
CLEAVAGE 93 THE DOUBLE PHOSPHOKETOLASE PATHWAY 95
CRITICAL FEATURES OF THE DOUBLE PHOSPHOKETOLASE PATHWAY 95
DISTINGUISHING FEATURES OF THE DOUBLE PHOSPHOKETOLASE SEQUENCE 97
THE CITRIC ACID CYCLE 97
THE AMPHIBOLIC NATURE OF THE TCA CYCLE 100
THE ENERGETICS OF THE TCA CYCLE 100
THE GLYOXALATE CYCLE 101
THE USE OF UNUSUAL CARBOHYDRATES 102
PATHWAYS FOR GALACTOSE CATABOLISM 102
THE METHYL GLYOXAL PATHWAY 103
THE USE OF DEHYDROSUGARS 104
SUGAR ALCOHOLS 105
AROMATIC COMPOUNDS 108
AROMATIC AMINO ACID UTILIZATION 109
ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBON UTILIZATION 109
TERMINAL OXIDATION 111
SUBTERMINAL OXIDATION 112
ORGANIC ACIDS 112
SUMMARY 113
SELECTED REFERENCES 115
CHAPTER 8 FERMENTATION 117
THE ANTIQUITY OF INTEREST IN FERMENTATION 117
THE NATURE OF FERMENTATION 117
THE RELATIONSHIP OF OXYGEN TO GROWTH AND FERMENTATION 118
FERMENTATION END PRODUCT FORMATION 119
HEAD-TO-HEAD AND HEAD-TO-TAIL PRODUCTS 119
PRODUCTS FORMED BY HEAD-TO-TAIL CONDENSATION 120
PRODUCTS FORMED FROM HEAD-TO-HEAD CONDENSATION 121
ONE-CARBON PRODUCTS 121
PRODUCTS WHOSE FORMATION REQUIRES CARBON DIOXIDE FIXATION 123
THE DIRECT REDUCTION, OR ACRYIATE PATHWAY, OF PROPIONATE FORMATION 125
ETHANOL AND LACTATE FORMATION 126
THE ACETATE FERMENTATION 126
THE MIXED ACID FERMENTATION 128
THE BUTANEDIOL FERMENTATION 129
THE BUTANOL-ACETONE FERMENTATION 129
THE ETHANOL-ACETATE FERMENTATION 129
AMINO ACID FERMENTATION 130
IMAGE 6
XII
MICROBIAL PHYSIOLOGY AND METABOLISM
PERSPECTIVES STUDY OF FERMENTATIONS POSITION LABELLING CARBON BALANCES
OXIDATION-REDUCTION BALANCES GENERAL RULES FOR OXIDATION-REDUCTION
BALANCE CALCULATION PRECAUTIONS IN FERMENTATION BALANCE STUDIES
RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN FERMENTATION, ENERGY PRODUCTION, AND PROTOPLASM
ANOMALOUS GROWTH YIELDS YIELD PER ATP MOLE
SUMMARY
SELECTED REFERENCES
133
133 133 136 137 138 139
139 139 140 142
142
CHAPTER 9 ENERGY GENERATION 143
THE UNIVERSAL REQUIREMENT FOR ENERGY 143
DIVERSITY AND UNITY 143
MECHANISMS OF SUBSTRATE-LEVEL PHOSPHORYLATION 143
THE GLYCERALDEHYDE-3-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX 144
PYRUVATE KINASE 144
ACETYL KINASE 145
THE COA BOND AS A SOURCE OF ENERGY FOR SUBSTRATE-LEVEL PHOSPHORYLATION
145 PHOSPHOENOL PYRUVATE CARBOXYKINASE 145
PHOSPHOENOL PYRUVATE CARBOXYTRANSPHOSPHORYLASE AND PYRUVATE-PHOSPHATE
ORTHODIKINASE 145 ARGININE DESMIDASE AND UREIDASE 145
ELECTRON TRANSPORT 145
THE COMMON PROCESSES OF ELECTRON TRANSPORT 147
THE CARRIERS IN ELECTRON TRANSPORT SYSTEMS 147
OXIDATION-REDUCTION POTENTIALS 148
STRUCTURAL ASPECTS OF ELECTRON TRANSPORT 150
THE MITOCHONDRION 152
SUCCINATE AS A DONOR OF ELECTRONS 155
STRUCTURAL ENIGMAS OF THE MITOCHONDRION 155
CHLOROPLAST-MEDIATED ELECTRON TRANSPORT 156
THE MECHANISM OF ATP FORMATION 157
REVERSE ELECTRON TRANSPORT 159
SUMMARY 159
SELECTED REFERENCES 159
CHAPTER 10 SMALL MOLECULES
THE CRITICAL ROLE OF SMALL MOLECULES AS CONNECTING SUBSTANCES FORMATION
OF NUCLEOTIDE PRECURSORS FORMATION OF THE PURINE RING STRUCTURE THE
COMPLEXITY OF PURINE RING FORMATION
PYRIMIDINE RING SYNTHESIS
161
161 161 162 163 163
IMAGE 7
CONTENTS XIII
FORMATION OF ACTIVE NUCLEOTIDES 163
DEOXYNUCLEOTIDES 164
REGULATION OF NUCLEOTIDE SYNTHESIS 165
AMINO ACID SYNTHESIS 165
THE PYRUVATE FAMILY 166
THE 3-PHOSPHOGLYCERATE FAMILY 168
THE GLUTAMIC ACID FAMILY 168
THE AROMATIC FAMILY 169
HISTIDINE 173
THE ASPARTIC ACID FAMILY 174
LYSINE FORMATION 175
THE METHIONINE AND ISOLEUCINE BRANCHES OF THE ASPARTIC ACID FAMILY 177
COMMON THREADS IN AMINO ACID SYNTHESIS 177
REGULATION OF AMINO ACID SYNTHESIS 178
LIPID SYNTHESIS 178
FATTY ACID SYNTHESIS 179
COMPLEX LIPID FORMATION 180
CONTRASTS BETWEEN FATTY ACID SYNTHESIS AND DEGRADATION 182
ISOPRENOID SYNTHESIS 182
TETRAPYRROLE FORMATION 184
CARBOHYDRATES 185
SUMMARY 185
SELECTED REFERENCES 186
CHAPTER 11 PROTEIN SYNTHESIS 187
THE CENTRALITY OF PROTEIN SYNTHESIS 187
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS IS A MULTICOMPONENT PROCESS 187
REQUIREMENTS FOR THE PROCESS 188
BUILDING BLOCKS 188
MESSAGE FORMATION 188
MESSAGE FORMATION IN PROCARYOTES 188
TERMINATION OF TRANSCRIPTION 191
RHO PROTEIN-MEDIATED TRANSCRIPTION TERMINATION 193
TRANSCRIPT MODIFICATION 193
TRANSCRIPTION IN EUCARYOTES 193
EUCARYOTIC TRANSCRIPT PROCESSING 196
SPLICING 197
SPLICEOSOMES 197
TRANSLATION 197
TRANSLATION INITIATION IN EUCARYOTES AND PROCARYOTES 201
TERMINATION OF TRANSLATION 201
THE INTIMATE ROLE OF PROTEINS IN THEIR OWN FORMATION 202
SUMMARY 203
SELECTED REFERENCES 203
IMAGE 8
XIV
MICROBIAL PHYSIOLOGY AND METABOLISM
CHAPTER 12 NUCLEIC ACID METABOLISM CONTRASTS IN THE FUNCTIONS OF DNA AND
RNA MODES OF RNA REPLICATION
DNA REPLICATION THE THETA MODE THE SIGMA MODE EUCARYOTIC DNA REPLICATION
SUMMARY
SELECTED REFERENCES
205
205 206
208 208 210 211 212 213
CHAPTER 13 REGULATION
THE COMPLEXITY OF REGULATION REGULATION OF PROTEIN FORMATION
REGULATION OF MESSAGE FORMATION THE FOUR MAJOR MODES FOR CONTROL OF
MESSAGE FORMATION INDUCTION CATABOLITE ACTIVATION
COREPRESSION ATTENUATION CONTROL OF TRANSLATION METABOLIC CONTROL OF
TRANSLATION
REGULATION OF PROTEIN ACTIVITY TYPES OF ALLOSTERIC REGULATION ISOENZYMES
REGULATION BY ENERGY CHARGE
REGULATION BY CARRIER MOLECULES STRUCTURAL REGULATION THE ROLE OF THE
MEMBRANE IN REGULATION OF CELL WALL AND DNA SYNTHESIS
MULTIPLE REGULATION
SUMMARY
SELECTED REFERENCES
215
215 216 216 217
217 217 217 218
219 221 221 221 221
222 223 223 224 224
224 225
CHAPTER 14 GENETICS THE CENTRAL IMPORTANCE OF DNA THE BACTERIA AS MODELS
FOR STUDY OF THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF DNA
THE NATURE OF THE BACTERIAL GENOME GENOME ORGANIZATION MUTATION
MICROLESIONS
MACROLESIONS PHENOTYPIC CONSEQUENCES OF MUTATION CONDITIONAL AND
NONCONDITIONAL MUTATION MECHANISMS OF MUTAGENESIS MUTATION REPAIR
THE SOS SYSTEM
GENETIC EXCHANGE
227 227 227 228 228 229
229 230 232 232 232 233 235 236
IMAGE 9
CHAPTER 15
CONTENTS
MECHANISMS OF GENETIC EXCHANGE IN THE BACTERIA TRANSFORMATION
STREPTOCOCCAL TRANSFORMATION TRANSFORMATION IN BACILLUS SUBTILIS
TRANSFORMATION IN HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE ARTIFICIAL TRANSFORMATION
TRANSDUCTION GENERALIZED TRANSDUCTION SPECIALIZED TRANSDUCTION
CONJUGATION F FACTORS F FACTOR REPLICATION GENOMIC DNA TRANSFER
CONJUGATION IN GRAM-POSITIVE ORGANISMS THE CONSEQUENCES OF GENETIC
TRANSFER
GENETIC EXPRESSION THE GAL AND ARAOPERONS THE CENTRAL ROLE OF CAMP AS A
REGULATORY AGENT THE ARGININE REGULON
GLOBAL REGULATION THE STRINGENT RESPONSE PHOSPHATE STARVATION THE
AEROBIC TO ANAEROBIC SHIFT THE HEAT SHOCK RESPONSE
SUMMARY
SELECTED REFERENCES
THE EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON MICROBES
TEMPERATURE PHYSIOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF TEMPERATURE CHANGE THE MASTER
REACTION CONCEPT THE EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE ON CELL STRUCTURE AND
FUNCTION THE HEAT SHOCK RESPONSE
PH THE EFFECTS OF ACIDITY ON PROTEIN FORM AND FUNCTION PH AND THE PMF
MAINTENANCE OF INTERNAL PH
OXYGEN
OSMOLALITY
PHYSICAL PRESSURE
RADIATION MECHANISMS OF CELL INTERACTION WITH RADIATION RADIATION
RESISTANCE DNA REPAIR MECHANISMS
NUTRIENT LIMITATION
SUMMARY
SELECTED REFERENCES
XV
237 238 238
238 240 240 241 241 241 242 243 244
244 245 246 247 248
248 250 251 251 251
252 252 253 253
255 255 256 256
257 258 258 258
259 260 260 262
262 262 263 263 263 263 264 264
IMAGE 10
XVI
MICROBIAL PHYSIOLOGY AND METABOLISM
CHAPTER 16
CHAPTER 17
THE PHYSIOLOGY OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMICALS THE HISTORY OF ANTIMICROBIAL
CHEMOTHERAPY THE SEARCH FOR SPECIFIC CHEMICALS
SELECTIVITY GENERAL MODES OF ACTION OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMICALS AGENTS
THAT AFFECT ENZYMES
WALL-AFFECTING AGENTS PENICILLINS AND CEPHALOSPORINS PENICILLIN-BINDING
PROTEINS ADDITIONAL WALL-AFFECTING AGENTS
FUNGAL CELL WALL INHIBITORS
MEMBRANE-AFFECTING SUBSTANCES MEMBRANE-AFFECTING ANTIBIOTICS AGENTS
AFFECTING MEMBRANE CHARGE
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS AGENTS CHLORAMPHENICOL AND CYCLOHEXAMIDE STREPTOMYCINS
AND TETRACYCLINES THE MACROLIDE ANTIBIOTICS
NUCLEIC ACID INHIBITORS DIFFICULTIES WITH ANTI-NUCLEIC ACID-DIRECTED
CHEMOTHERAPY
SELECTIVITY
RESISTANCE MECHANISMS OF RESISTANCE TO ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMICALS
SYNTHETIC ANTIMICROBIAL SUBSTANCES
SUMMARY
SELECTED REFERENCES
T HE A U T O T R O P HS
THE DIVERSITY OF THE AUTOTROPHS
THE COMMON PROPERTIES OF AUTOTROPHS
MODES OF CARBON DIOXIDE FIXATION THE CALVIN CYCLE THE REDUCTIVE TCA
CYCLE THE ACETYL-COA PATHWAY THE GLYCINE SYNTHETASE PATHWAY
OBLIGATE AND FACULTATIVE AUTOTROPHY
ENERGY GENERATION
CHEMOLITHOTROPHIC ELECTRON TRANSPORT SYSTEMS ELECTRON TRANSPORT IN THE
AEROBIC CHEMOLITHOTROPHIC HYDROGEN-OXIDIZING BACTERIA THE
SULFATE-REDUCING HYDROGEN BACTERIA METHANOGENIC HYDROGEN UTILIZATION THE
NITRIFYING BACTERIA
SULFUR-OXIDIZING BACTERIA CARBON MONOXIDE-OXIDIZING ORGANISMS
SULFUR AND NITROGEN ASSIMILATION
SUMMARY
SELECTED REFERENCES
265 265 266 267 267 267 270 271
271 272 272 272 272 273 273 274
274 274 275 276 276 277 278 278 278 279
2 81 281 281 282 282 283
284 285 286
286 286 286 287 287 288 289 291 292 294 295
IMAGE 11
CONTENTS
XVII
CHAPTER 18 DIFFERENTIATION THE NATURE OF DIFFERENTIATION PHYSIOLOGICAL
QUESTIONS RAISED BY DIFFERENTIATION BACTERIAL ENDOSPORULATION AS A MODEL
OF DIFFERENTIATION
THE EVENTS OF SPORULATION OLD VERSUS NEW ACTIVATION, GERMINATION, AND
OUTGROWTH
DIFFERENTIATION IN CAULOBACTER CRESCENTUS
DIFFERENTIATION IN DICTYOSTELIUM DISCOIDEUM
DIFFERENTIATION DURING BACTERIAL CELL DIVISION THE RELATIONSHIPS AMONG
DNA SYNTHESIS INITIATION, SEPTATION, AND CELL DIVISION THE SEPTUM
GENETIC ASPECTS OF CELL DIVISION
GROWTH UNDER NORMAL CONDITIONS
OTHER EXAMPLES OF DIFFERENTIATION
SUMMARY
SELECTED REFERENCES
297 297 297 297
298 300 300 300 302 304 304 304 304 305 305 305 305
CHAPTER 19 THE PHYSIOLOGY OF MICROBIAL ECOLOGY MICROBIAL ECOLOGY AS
APPLIED MICROBIAL PHYSIOLOGY THE ESSENTIALITY OF THE DISCIPLINE
TYPES OF ECOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS
THE ECOLOGICAL NICHE IS THE ORGANISM SIGNIFICANT?
ASSESSMENT OF IMPORTANCE
MICROBIAL INTERACTIONS AS ENVIRONMENTAL MODIFIERS
METABOLISM AS AN ECOLOGICAL MODIFIER
COMPETITION FOR NUTRIENTS
GROWTH FACTORS
STRATEGIES FOR STUDY OF MICROBIAL ECOSYSTEMS
STUDY OF INCOMPLETELY CHARACTERIZED ECOSYSTEMS
SUMMARY
SELECTED REFERENCES
307 307 308 308
308 309 309
310 310 310 311 311 312 312 313
CHAPTER 20 MOLECULAR MICROBIAL PHYSIOLOGY
WHY SHOULD WE BE CONCERNED WITH MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY? APPLIED MOLECULAR
MICROBIAL PHYSIOLOGY
THE USE OF MICROBES TO PRODUCE NUCLEIC ACIDS AND PROTEINS
STRATEGIES FOR DNA AND PROTEIN PRODUCTION BY GENETIC ENGINEERING GENE
ISOLATION CLONING THE GENE CLONING IN PHAGE X
THE VERSATILITY OF PHAGE X
315 315 316
316
316 316 320 321
324
IMAGE 12
XVIII MICROBIAL PHYSIOLOGY AND METABOLISM
COSMID CLONING 325
PHAGEMIDS 328
THE POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION 329
EXPRESSION 330
DETECTION OF PROTEIN FORMATION 331
PURIFICATION 332
PHYSIOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS OF MOLECULAR TECHNIQUES 332
APPLICATIONS OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 332
ETHICAL QUESTIONS POSED BY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 333
SUMMARY 333
SELECTED REFERENCES 334
INDEX 335
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Caldwell, Daniel R. |
| author_facet | Caldwell, Daniel R. |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Caldwell, Daniel R. |
| author_variant | d r c dr drc |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV013699807 |
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| callnumber-raw | QR84 |
| callnumber-search | QR84 |
| callnumber-sort | QR 284 |
| callnumber-subject | QR - Microbiology |
| classification_rvk | WF 1350 |
| classification_tum | BIO 220f BIO 180f CHE 800f BIO 250f BIO 210f BIO 270f |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)30712424 (DE-599)BVBBV013699807 |
| dewey-full | 576/.11 |
| dewey-hundreds | 500 - Natural sciences and mathematics |
| dewey-ones | 576 - Genetics and evolution |
| dewey-raw | 576/.11 |
| dewey-search | 576/.11 |
| dewey-sort | 3576 211 |
| dewey-tens | 570 - Biology |
| discipline | Biologie Chemie |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV013699807 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T18:50:28Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0697171922 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-009362637 |
| oclc_num | 30712424 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-M49 DE-BY-TUM DE-11 |
| owner_facet | DE-M49 DE-BY-TUM DE-11 |
| physical | XXI, 353 S. graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 1995 |
| publishDateSearch | 1995 |
| publishDateSort | 1995 |
| publisher | Brown |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Caldwell, Daniel R. Verfasser aut Microbial physiology & metabolism Daniel R. Caldwell Dubuque, Iowa [u.a.] Brown 1995 XXI, 353 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Microorganismes - Métabolisme ram Microorganismes - Physiologie ram Microbial metabolism Microorganisms Physiology Mikroorganismus (DE-588)4039226-0 gnd rswk-swf Stoffwechsel (DE-588)4057699-1 gnd rswk-swf Physiologie (DE-588)4045981-0 gnd rswk-swf Mikroorganismus (DE-588)4039226-0 s Physiologie (DE-588)4045981-0 s DE-604 Stoffwechsel (DE-588)4057699-1 s SWB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009362637&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Caldwell, Daniel R. Microbial physiology & metabolism Microorganismes - Métabolisme ram Microorganismes - Physiologie ram Microbial metabolism Microorganisms Physiology Mikroorganismus (DE-588)4039226-0 gnd Stoffwechsel (DE-588)4057699-1 gnd Physiologie (DE-588)4045981-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4039226-0 (DE-588)4057699-1 (DE-588)4045981-0 |
| title | Microbial physiology & metabolism |
| title_auth | Microbial physiology & metabolism |
| title_exact_search | Microbial physiology & metabolism |
| title_full | Microbial physiology & metabolism Daniel R. Caldwell |
| title_fullStr | Microbial physiology & metabolism Daniel R. Caldwell |
| title_full_unstemmed | Microbial physiology & metabolism Daniel R. Caldwell |
| title_short | Microbial physiology & metabolism |
| title_sort | microbial physiology metabolism |
| topic | Microorganismes - Métabolisme ram Microorganismes - Physiologie ram Microbial metabolism Microorganisms Physiology Mikroorganismus (DE-588)4039226-0 gnd Stoffwechsel (DE-588)4057699-1 gnd Physiologie (DE-588)4045981-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Microorganismes - Métabolisme Microorganismes - Physiologie Microbial metabolism Microorganisms Physiology Mikroorganismus Stoffwechsel Physiologie |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009362637&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT caldwelldanielr microbialphysiologymetabolism |