Speaking for the dead: cadavers in biology and medicine
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Aldershot [u.a.]
Ashgate
2000
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XIII, 275 S. |
| ISBN: | 0754620735 |
Internformat
MARC
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Preface ix
Acknowledgements xii
List of Abbreviations xiii
1 Cadavers as Images of Ourselves 1
Introduction 1
Anatomy and the Culture of Dissection 2
Developing a Vision of the Interior of the Body 4
The World of the Dead Body 7
The Estranged World of Autopsies 10
Disputed Corpses 12
Changing Perspectives with Time and Culture 15
Locating Anatomy 16
Defining Anatomy 17
Anatomy at Interfaces 20
Implications for Anatomy as a Discipline 22
Anatomy and Art 23
Displaying Human Remains as Artistic Objects 23
Plastination as an Art Form 25
The Ethos and Ethics of Anatomical Science 26
2 History and Contemporary Ethos of Dissection 32
Anatomy, History and Society 32
Greek and Roman Influences 32
Medieval Developments 35
The Ethical Significance of the Dead Body 40
Obtaining Bodies for Dissection 44
Historical Developments in Britain 44
Historical Developments in the United States 47
Experience and Legislation in Other Countries 5 1
Why People Bequeath their Bodies for Dissection 54
Is it Ethical to Use Unclaimed Bodies? 57
Why Cadavers have Ethical Significance 57
Searching for Parallels in Other Human Areas 59
Cadavers as a Teaching Tool 64
Perceptions of the Cadaver 64
Students Experience of Dissection 69
The Centrality of Dissection for Understanding the
Human Body 72
3 Acceptable and Unacceptable Uses of Cadavers
and Tissues 74
Body Parts, Organs, and Tissues of the Body 74
Ownership of Material and Consent for Research 75
Use of Biopsies from Surgical Operations 76
Future Uses of Body Tissues 77
The Place of Autopsies in the World of Medicine 80
Justifying Autopsies 81
Why Should Consent be Required for Autopsies? 84
Can Cadavers be Abused? 86
Teaching on the Clinically Dead 87
Research on the Clinically Dead 90
Trauma Research 92
Dead Mothers and Living Babies 96
Age of the Neomort: The Way of the Future? 99
Unethical Experiments on Humans What Can They
Teach Us? 101
The Nazi Legacy Background 103
The Nazi Legacy Contemporary Issues 106
Japanese Wartime Experiments 109
Unethical Experiments When Moral Complicity
Comes to the Fore 110
The Legacy of Wartime Experimentation Have We
Learnt Anything? 115
4 Human Skeletal Remains: When Indigenous Concerns
Conflict with Scientific Aspirations 119
Background 119
Policy Developments 121
Contemporary Case Study 123
Scientific Interest and Indigenous Concerns 127
Assessing the Claims 130
Human Skeletal Material and Consent 133
Newly Discovered Remains 135
Human Remains of Prehistoric Origin 136
Past Mistreatment and Moral Complicity 138
Guidelines for Study of Human Skeletal Remains 143
The Iroame 145
Skeletal Material as Teaching Tools 147
Past and Present Ethical Standards 148
5 Organ and Tissue Transplantation: Further Uses
of Cadavers 151
Human Organ Transplantation 151
Scientific and Clinical Developments 151
Donation of Cadaveric Organs 153
Consent in Cadaveric Organ Donation 154
Opt In Policy (Informed Consent) 155
Opt Out Policy (Presumed Consent) 156
Intermediate Positions 160
Cadavers as Life Saving Devices 163
Organ Transplantation in Infants: The Use of
Anencephalics 164
Neural Transplantation: The Use of Fetuses 167
Moral Complicity: An Exploration 171
Competing Ethical Frameworks 177
A Network of Ethical Issues 178
Transplantation of Fetal Gametes for Assisted
Fertilization 181
Stem Cells as Sources of Tissues and Organs 183
Xenotransplantation: Crossing Species Boundaries 186
Choosing an Animal Model 187
Xenozoonotic Infections 188
Ethical Objections 190
General Ethical Concerns 192
Breaching Species Boundaries 194
6 Cadavers that May Not be Cadavers 198
Introduction 198
Brain Death in Historical Context 199
Harvard Criteria 199
The Developing Debate 200
Further Consequences 201
Definitions of Death and Brain Death 203
Equivalence of Death and Brain Death 203
Further Definitions of Brain Death 205
Whole Brain Definition of Death 207
Objections to the Whole Brain Definition 209
Higher Brain Definition of Death 212
Objections to the Higher Brain Definition 213
Persistent Vegetative State 215
Questions and Queries 215
Description 218
Ethical Categories 220
Possibilities for Recovery 222
A Continuum from Life to Death 224
7 Uses of Human Embryos and Fetuses 226
When are Human Embryos of Ethical Significance? The
Place of Biology 226
Pre Embryo 229
Biological Characteristics of Early Development 229
Arguments Supporting the Pre Embryo Concept 230
Extra Embryonic Tissues and the Primitive Streak 231
Significance for Research on Human Tissues 234
From Brain Death to Brain Birth 235
The Search for a Scientific Basis to Brain Birth 236
Assessment of the Brain Birth Concept 238
Is There More Than One Definition of Brain Birth? 239
From Brain Life to Brain Death 240
Embryos as Proto Cadavers 242
Bibliography 247
Index 272
|
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| discipline | Philosophie |
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| isbn | 0754620735 |
| language | English |
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| spelling | Jones, David Gareth 1940- Verfasser (DE-588)118196677 aut Speaking for the dead cadavers in biology and medicine D. Gareth Jones Aldershot [u.a.] Ashgate 2000 XIII, 275 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Ethik Gesellschaft Dead Moral and ethical aspects Case studies Dead Social aspects Case studies (DE-588)4522595-3 Fallstudiensammlung gnd-content HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009357454&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Jones, David Gareth 1940- Speaking for the dead cadavers in biology and medicine Ethik Gesellschaft Dead Moral and ethical aspects Case studies Dead Social aspects Case studies |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4522595-3 |
| title | Speaking for the dead cadavers in biology and medicine |
| title_auth | Speaking for the dead cadavers in biology and medicine |
| title_exact_search | Speaking for the dead cadavers in biology and medicine |
| title_full | Speaking for the dead cadavers in biology and medicine D. Gareth Jones |
| title_fullStr | Speaking for the dead cadavers in biology and medicine D. Gareth Jones |
| title_full_unstemmed | Speaking for the dead cadavers in biology and medicine D. Gareth Jones |
| title_short | Speaking for the dead |
| title_sort | speaking for the dead cadavers in biology and medicine |
| title_sub | cadavers in biology and medicine |
| topic | Ethik Gesellschaft Dead Moral and ethical aspects Case studies Dead Social aspects Case studies |
| topic_facet | Ethik Gesellschaft Dead Moral and ethical aspects Case studies Dead Social aspects Case studies Fallstudiensammlung |
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