Environmental and engineering geophysics:
Saved in:
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Cambridge [u.a.]
Cambridge Univ. Press
1997
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| Edition: | 1. publ. |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XXIV, 475 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0521576326 0521572401 |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Sharma, Prem Vallabh |d um 1976 |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)104312769 |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Environmental and engineering geophysics |c Prem V. Sharma |
| 250 | |a 1. publ. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Cambridge [u.a.] |b Cambridge Univ. Press |c 1997 | |
| 300 | |a XXIV, 475 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
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| adam_text | ENVIRONMENTAL AND ENGINEERING GEOPHYSICS PREM V. SHARMA EMERITUS
PROFESSOR, NIELS BOHR INSTITUTE UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN CAMBRIDGE
UNIVERSITY PRESS CONTENTS PREFACE XXI ACKNOWLEDGMENTS XXIII CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTORY OBSERVATIONS 1 1.1 GEOPHYSICS AND THE EARTH S ENVIRONMENT 1
1.2 GEOPHYSICAL TECHNIQUES FOR NEAR-SURFACE STUDIES 2 1.3 ENVIRONMENTAL
PROBLEMS AMENABLE TO SOLUTION BY GEOPHYSICAL MEANS 3 1.4 ENGINEERING
GEOPHYSICAL INVESTIGATIONS: TARGETS AND TECHNIQUES 4 1.5 UNITS USED IN
THIS BOOK 4 1.6 GEOLOGICAL TIME-SCALE 7 REFERENCES 10 CHAPTER 2 GRAVITY
SURVEYING 11 2.1 INTRODUCTION 11 2.2 CHARACTERISTICS OF POTENTIAL FIELDS
12 2.2.1 GRAVITATIONAL FORCE, POTENTIAL, AND FIELD 12 2.2.2 LAPLACE S
EQUATION AND POISSON S THEOREM 14 2.3 ROCK DENSITIES 15 2.4 ACQUISITION
AND CORRECTION OF GRAVITY DATA 16 2.4.1 GRAVITY MEASURING INSTRUMENTS 16
IX CONTENTS 2.4.2 SURVEY PROCEDURES 21 LOCATION AND SPACING OF STATIONS;
POSITIONS AND ELEVATIONS OF STATIONS; GRAVITY GRADIENT SURVEY 2.4.3
CORRECTIONS TO GRAVITY DATA 22 2.4.4 FREE-AIR AND BOUGUER ANOMALIES 25
2.4.5 IN-SITU DETERMINATION OF DENSITY 26 2.5 ANALYSIS AND
INTERPRETATION OF GRAVITY DATA 28 2.5.1 GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS 28 2.5.2
AMBIGUITY IN GRAVITY INTERPRETATION 28 2.5.3 ISOLATION OF
ANOMALIES:IREGIONALS AND RESIDUALS 29 2.5.4 ENHANCEMENT OF ANOMALIES 31
DIGITAL FILTERING; WAVELENGTH FILTERS; CONTINUATION FILTERS; DERIVATIVE
FILTERS 2.5.5 ESTIMATES OF DEPTH AND ANOMALOUS MASS 36 2.5.6 METHODOLOGY
OF INTERPRETATION 39 GENERAL APPROACH; FORWARD MODELING; INVERSE
MODELING 2.6 APPLICATIONS TO ENVIRONMENTAL AND ENGINEERING STUDIES 43
2.6.1 DELINEATION OF STRUCTURAL TRENDS, CONTACTS, AND FAULTS 43 2.6.2
MAPPING OF SALT STRUCTURES 45 2.6.3 ESTIMATING SHAPE AND DEPTH OF
PLUTONS 47 2.6.4 MAPPING OF ALLUVIUM/BEDROCK CONTACT 48 2.6.5 GRAVITY
INVESTIGATIONS OF LANDFILL 52 2.6.6 MICROGRAVITY STUDIES OF ROCKBURSTS
IN MINES 54 2.6.7 MICROGRAVITY DETECTION OF SUBSURFACE VOIDS AND
CAVITIES 56 REFERENCES 61 CHAPTER 3 MAGNETIC SURVEYING 65 3.1
INTRODUCTION 65 3.2 PHYSICAL BASIS OF MAGNETIC SURVEYS 65 3.2.1 MAGNETIC
QUANTITIES AND UNITS 65 MAGNETIC POTENTIAL AND FIELD; INTENSITY OF
MAGNETIZATION AND MOMENT 3.2.2 DIPOLE FIELD AND THE GEOMAGNETIC ANOMALY
68 3.3 MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF ROCKS AND SOILS 71 3.3.1 INDUCED
MAGNETIZATION AND SUSCEPTIBILITY 71 3.3.2 REMANENT MAGNETIZATION 73
3.3.3 TOTAL MAGNETIZATION AND EFFECTIVE SUSCEPTIBILITY 74 3.3.4 MAGNETIC
EFFECTS OF SOILS ANDIRON OBJECTS 75 CONTENTS XI 3.4 ACQUISITION OF
MAGNETIC DATA 75 3.4.1 MAGNETIC SURVEY INSTRUMENTS 75 3.4.2 SURVEY
PROCEDURES AND DATA CORRECTION 79 3.5 DATA ENHANCEMENT TECHNIQUES 83
3.5.1 DERIVATIVES AND CONTINUATION FILTERS 83 3.5.2 REDUCTION-TO-POLE
AND PSEUDOGRAVITY TRANSFORMATION 84 3.5.3 ANALYTIC SIGNAL OF MAGNETIC
ANOMALY FIELD 86 3.6 APPROXIMATE METHODS OF INTERPRETATION 86 3.6.1
.ESTIMATION OF DEPTH 86 3.6.2 ESTIMATES OF DIRECTION OF MAGNETIZATION
AND SOURCE BOUNDARIES 89 3.7 QUANTITATIVE INTERPRETATION OF MAGNETIC
DATA 92 3.7.1 FORWARD MODELING 92 3.7.2 INVERSION OF MAGNETIC DATA 94
3.8 ENVIRONMENTAL AND ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS 94 3.8.1 MAPPING OF
STRUCTURAL TRENDS AND BASEMENT FEATURES 94 3.8.2 MAGNETIC INVESTIGATIONS
OVER LANDFILLS 96 3.8.3 DETECTION OF BURIED METAL DRUMS AND CASINGS 100
3.8.4 MAPPING OF CAVITIES AND VOIDS 101 3.8.5 MAPPING OF DIKES BLOCKING
GROUNDWATER FLOW 105 3.8.6 DETECTION OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL OBJECTS 105
REFERENCES 108 CHAPTER 4 SEISMIC SURVEYS 112 4.1 INTRODUCTION - 112 4.2
ELASTIC WAVES AND PROPAGATION PARAMETERS 113 4.2.1 BODY AND SURFACE
WAVES 113 4.2.2 PULSE FREQUENCY, AND ATTENUATION CHARACTERISTICS 116
4.2.3 REFLECTION, REFRACTION, AND DIFFRACTION OF WAVES 117 4.3 SEISMIC
VELOCITIES IN ROCKS 119 4.3.1 FACTORS AFFECTING VELOCITY 120 4.3.2
VELOCITY-DENSITY AND VELOCITY-POROSITY RELATIONSHIPS 120 4.3.3 VELOCITY
DATA 122 4.4 REFLECTION SURVEYING 123 4.4.1 INTRODUCTION 123 XII
CONTENTS 4.4.2 DATA ACQUISITION IN SHALLOW SEISMICS 124 SEISMIC SOURCES;
GEOPHONES AND ARRAYS; SEISMOGRAPHS AND FILTERS; FIELD PARAMETERS 4.4.3
REFLECTION GEOMETRY AND THE CONCEPT OF NMO 130 HORIZONTAL REFLECTORS;
DIPPING REFLECTOR 4.4.4 COMMON-DEPTH POINT (CDP) TECHNIQUE 134 4.4.5
STATIC AND DYNAMIC CORRECTIONS 135 STATIC CORRECTIONS; DYNAMIC OR NMO
CORRECTIONS 4.4.6 DETERMINATION OF AVERAGE VELOCITIES 137 V*X 2 METHOD;
VELOCITY-SPECTRUM METHOD; WELL-SHOOTING AND CVL METHODS 4.4.7 SYNTHESIS
OF REFLECTION TRACES 139 4.4.8 PROCESSING OF REFLECTION DATA 140 4.4.9
MIGRATION OF REFLECTION POINTS 142 4.4.10 SHALLOW REFLECTION PROFILING:
CDP AND COF TECHNIQUES 143 OPTIMUM OFFSET TECHNIQUE 4.4.11 RESOLUTION
LIMITS IN REFLECTION MAPPING 148 4.4.12 APPLICATIONS TO ENVIRONMENTAL
AND ENGINEERING PROBLEMS 149 MAPPING OF FRACTURE ZONES; REFLECTION
PROFILING IN GROUNDWATER STUDIES; DELINEATION OF BEDROCK VALLEYS;
DETECTION OF SHALLOW FAULTS AND CAVITIES 4.5 REFRACTION SURVEYING 158
4.5.1 INTRODUCTION 158 4.5.2 MAPPING OF HORIZONTAL INTERFACES: INTERCEPT
TIME METHOD 158 4.5.3 HORIZONTAL VERSUS VERTICAL VELOCITY CHANGES 161
4.5.4 MAPPING OF FAULTS AND STEEP CONTACTS 162 4.5.5 MAPPING OF DIPPING
INTERFACES 164 4.5.6 MAPPING IRREGULAR (NON-PLANAR) INTERFACES 166 4.5.7
INTERPRETATION BY GENERALIZED RECIPROCAL METHOD 170 4.5.8 REFRACTION
SURVEY DATA ACQUISITION 173 4.5.9 APPLICABILITY AND LIMITATIONS OF THE
REFRACTION METHOD 173 4.5.10 ENVIRONMENTAL AND ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS
175 VELOCITY AS A GUIDE TO ROCK STRENGTH; DETECTION OF POTENTIAL
COLLAPSE FEATURES; MAPPING OF BURIED ANCIENT DITCH; MAPPING OF GRAVEL
AND SAND DEPOSITS; DAM SITE INVESTIGATIONS REFERENCES 186 CHAPTER 5
SELF-POTENTIAL SURVEYING 190 5.1 INTRODUCTION 190 CONTENTS XIII 5.2
ORIGIN OF SELF-POTENTIALS 190 ELECTROFILTRATION; THERMOELECTRIC;
ELECTROCHEMICAL; MINERALIZATION 5.3 DATA ACQUISITION AND NOISE
SUPPRESSION 193 5.3.1 FIELD PROCEDURE 193 5.3.2 NOISE SUPPRESSION AND
DATA ENHANCEMENT 194 5.4 INTERPRETATION OF SP DATA 196 5.5 APPLICATIONS
TO ENVIRONMENTAL AND ENGINEERING PROBLEMS 199 5.5.1 SEEPAGE FLOW IN A
LANDSLIDE BODY 199 5.5.2 SEEPAGE FLOW IN DAMS AND RESERVOIR FLOORS 201
5.5.3 DELINEATION OF GROUNDWATER FLOW 201 5.5.4 STUDIES OF GEOTHERMAL
FLUID FLOW 203 REFERENCES 205 CHAPTER 6 RESISTIVITY AND INDUCED
POLARIZATION SURVEYS 207 6.1 INTRODUCTION 207 6.2 ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY
OF EARTH MATERIALS 208 6.3 THEORY OF CURRENT FLOW IN THE GROUND 209
6.3.1 POTENTIAL DISTRIBUTION IN HOMOGENEOUS GROUND 209 6.3.2 APPARENT
RESISTIVITY AND ELECTRODE CONFIGURATIONS 212 6.3.3 POTENTIAL AND CURRENT
DISTRIBUTION ACROSS A BOUNDARY 214 6.3.4 COMPUTATION OF APPARENT
RESISTIVITY BY LINEAR FILTERS 218 6.4 FIELD PROCEDURES AND SELECTION OF
ELECTRODE ARRAY 220 6.4.1 ELECTRIC SOUNDING AND PROFILING PROCEDURES 220
VERTICAL ELECTRIC SOUNDING; ELECTRIC PROFILING 6.4.2 SELECTING AN ARRAY
FOR A PARTICULAR APPLICATION 224 6.5 RESISTIVITY INSTRUMENTS AND
ELECTRODE LAYOUTS 226 6.6 INTERPRETATION OF RESISTIVITY DATA 228 6.6.1
GENERAL 228 6.6.2 INTERPRETATION BY MASTER CURVES AND AUXILIARY GRAPHS
229 6.6.3 FORWARD AND INVERSE MODELING TECHNIQUES 231 6.6.4 AMBIGUITY IN
INTERPRETATION OF SOUNDING CURVES 232 6.6.5 INTERPRETATION OF LATERAL
RESISTIVITY CONTRASTS 233 6.6.6 INTERPRETATION OF COMBINED ELECTRIC
PROFILING AND SOUNDING 235 6.7 APPLICATIONS OF RESISTIVITY SURVEYS 237
XIV CONTENTS 6.7.1 GROUNDWATER EXPLORATION AND WATER QUALITY 237
DELINEATION OF AQUIFER BOUNDARIES IN SEDIMENTARY LAYERS; GROUNDWATER IN
FISSURED ROCKS; MAPPING BOUNDARIES OF SALINE GROUNDWATER 6.7.2 EXAMPLES
OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS 242 MAPPING OF CHEMICAL
POLLUTION PLUMES; DELINEATION OF WATER-SATURATED ZONES IN LANDSLIDE
BODIES; LOCATION OF PERMAFROST ZONES; LOCATION OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL
OBJECTS; LOCATION OF CAVITIES AND VOIDS 6.7.3 RESISTIVITY
CHARACTERISTICS OF GEOTHERMAL FLUIDS 249 6.8 INDUCED POLARIZATION METHOD
252 6.8.1 PRINCIPLES 252 6.8.2 TIME-DOMAIN AND FREQUENCY-DOMAIN
MEASUREMENTS 254 6.8.3 DATA ACQUISITION 254 EQUIPMENT; FIELD PROCEDURES
6.8.4 INTERPRETATION OF IP DATA 256 6.8.5 EXAMPLES OF APPLICATIONS TO
ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES 257 EVALUATION OF AQUIFER POTENTIAL; INVESTIGATION
OF DOMESTIC WASTE DUMP; MAPPING OF INDUSTRIAL CONTAMINATION 258
REFERENCES 261 CHAPTER 7 ELECTROMAGNETIC SURVEYS 265 7.1 INTRODUCTION
265 7.2 THEORY OF PROPAGATION OF EM FIELDS 266 7.2.1 FUNDAMENTAL
QUANTITIES AND FIELD EQUATIONS 266 7.2.2 ATTENUATION OF EM FIELDS, AND
DEPTH PENETRATION 268 7.2.3 PHASE RELATIONS AND ELLIPTIC POLARIZATION OF
EM FIELDS 270 7.3 CLASSIFICATION OF EM METHODS 272 7.4 CONTINUOUS WAVE
FIELD METHODS (FREQUENCY-DOMAIN EM) 273 7.4.1 VLF AND VLF-R METHODS 273
CONVENTIONAL VLF; VLF-RESISTIVITY METHOD 273 7.4.2 HORIZONTAL LOOP
(SLINGRAM) METHOD 277 7.4.3 GROUND CONDUCTIVITY METERS 280 7.4.4
EXAMPLES OF APPLICATIONS TO ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS 282 DELINEATION OF
CONTAMINATION PLUME FROM WASTE DUMPS; MAPPING INDUSTRIAL GROUNDWATER
CONTAMINATION; MAPPING SOIL SALINITY IN FARMLAND 7.5 TRANSIENT-FIELD
METHODS (TIME-DOMAIN EM) 286 7.5.1 PRINCIPLES AND OPERATIONAL DESIGNS
286 CONTENTS XV 7.5.2 INTERPRETATION OF TDEM DATA 288 7.5.3 EXAMPLES OF
ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES 288 MAPPING OF CONTAMINATION PLUME AT A LANDFILL
SITE; MAPPING OF BRINE POCKETS AT A WASTE REPOSITORY SITE 7.5.4 NUCLEAR
MAGNETIC RESONANCE (NMR) METHOD 292 7.6 INTERPRETATION OF EM DATA 293
7.6.1 USE OF INTERPRETATIONAL AIDS 293 7.6.2 AMBIGUITY IN EM
INTERPRETATION 296 7.7 MAGNETOTELLURIC METHODS 296 7.7.1 PRINCIPLES OF
MT SOUNDING 297 7.7.2 AMT AND CSAMT METHODS 298 7.7.3 INVERSION OF AMT
DATA 298 7.7.4 EXAMPLES OF AMT SURVEYS 300 MAPPING OF PERMAFROST ZONES;
AMT INVESTIGATIONS IN GEOTHERMAL AREAS 300 7.8 RADIO IMAGING METHOD
(RIM) 302 7.8.1 PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICES 302 7.8.2 EXAMPLE OF IMAGING A
FAULT ZONE 304 REFERENCES 306 CHAPTER 8 GROUND-PROBING RADAR 309 8.1
INTRODUCTION 309 8.2 BASIC PRINCIPLES 310 8.2.1 RADAR PROPAGATION
PARAMETERS 310 8.2.2 RANGE AND RESOLUTION 311 8.3 DATA ACQUISITION AND
PROCESSING 313 8.4 DETERMINATION OF RADAR VELOCITIES 314 8.5 EXAMPLES OF
ENVIRONMENTAL AND ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS 316 8.5.1 DETECTION OF
FRACTURE ZONES 316 8.5.2 DELINEATION OF SUBSURFACE OIL CONTAMINATION 318
8.5.3 MAPPING OF GEOLOGICAL CONTACTS IN FROZEN GROUND 320 8.5.4 LOCATION
OF SINKHOLES AND CAVITIES 321 8.5.5 DETECTION OF ANOMALOUS SEEPAGE 322
8.5.6 MAPPING OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL REMNANTS 323 8.5.7 NON-DESTRUCTIVE
TESTING OF ROCK QUALITY AND STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY 325 REFERENCES 328 XVI
CONTENTS CHAPTER 9 RADIOACTIVITY SURVEYS 330 9.1 INTRODUCTION 330 9.2
FUNDAMENTALS OF RADIOACTIVE DISINTEGRATION 331 9.3 UNITS OF RADIATION
AND DOSAGE 332 9.4 RADIOACTIVE DECAY SERIES AND EQUILIBRIUM 333 9.5
RADIOACTIVITY OF ROCKS 334 9.6 INSTRUMENTS FOR MEASURING RADIOACTIVITY
335 9.6.1 GEIGER COUNTER AND SCINTILLOMETER 335 9.6.2 GAMMA-RAY
SPECTROMETER 336 9.6.3 RADON EMANOMETERS 337 9.7 FIELD PROCEDURE AND
OPERATIONAL CONSIDERATIONS 337 9.8 ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS ABOUT RADON
338 9.8.1 GENERATION OF RADON 338 9.8.2 RADON TRANSPORT MECHANISMS 339
9.8.3 RADON-RISK INDEX 340 9.9 EXAMPLES OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY
SURVEYS 340 9.9.1 ASSESSMENT OF INDOOR RADON RISK AND GROUNDWATER
CONTAMINATION 341 9.9.2 RADIATION FROM INDUSTRIAL AND DOMESTIC WASTE
PUMPS 343 9.9.3 CHERNOBYL RADIOACTIVE FALLOUT 345 9.9.4 DETECTION OF
FAULTS AND FRACTURE ZONES 347 9.9.5 RADON-MONITORING APPLIED TO
EARTHQUAKE PREDICTION 347 9.9.6 INVESTIGATIONS OF LANDSLIDE DEVELOPMENT
348 9.9.7 MONITORING OF RADIOACTIVE CONTAMINATION MIGRATION IN
SUBSURFACE 349 REFERENCES 350 CHAPTER 10 GEOTHERMAL SURVEYING 352 10.1
INTRODUCTION 352 10.2 THERMAL PROPERTIES OF ROCKS 353 10.3 PROPAGATION
OF THERMAL EFFECTS IN THE UNDERGROUND REGION 353 10.3.1 DEPTH
PENETRATION OF SURFACE TEMPERATURE VARIATIONS 353 10.3.2 TEMPERATURE
DISTRIBUTION IN THE FROZEN GROUND 356 CONTENTS XVII 10.4 CONDUCTIVE HEAT
FLOW AND THERMAL GRADIENT 357 10.4.1 HEAT-FLOW MEASUREMENTS 357 10.4.2
FACTORS AFFECTING THERMAL GRADIENT 358 10.5 HEAT PRODUCTION IN CRUSTAL
ROCKS 360 10.6 TEMPERATURE RISE DUE TO RADIOACTIVE DISPOSAL IN
SUBSURFACE 361 10.7 SHALLOW THERMAL INVESTIGATION METHODS 365 10.7.1
SHALLOW TEMPERATURE SURVEYS 365 10.7.2 SNOW-MELT PHOTOGRAPHY AND
INFRARED IMAGERY 366 10.8 EXAMPLES OF SHALLOW THERMAL SURVEYS 366 10.8.1
MAPPING OF FISSURES AND CRACKS 366 10.8.2 LOCATION OF LEAKAGE IN
PIPELINES 367 10.8.3 THERMAL ANOMALIES OVER SALT AND GRANITE BODIES 368
10.8.4 TEMPERATURE ANOMALIES OVER WASTE DUMPS 370 10.8.5 THERMAL
DETECTION OF ZONES OF WEAKNESS AND LEAKAGE IN DAMS 370 REFERENCES 372
CHAPTER 11 GEOPHYSICAL BOREHOLE LOGGING 375 11.1 INTRODUCTION 375 11.2
GENERAL ASPECTS OF LOGGING SYSTEMS 376 11.3 CONVENTIONAL BOREHOLE
LOGGING TECHNIQUES IN ENVIRONMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS 376 11.3.1
CALIPERLOGS 377 11.3.2 ELECTRICAL LOGS 377 11.3.3 RADIOMETRIC LOGS 380
11.3.4 ACOUSTIC LOGS 384 11.3.5 TEMPERATURE LOGS 386 11.4 SPECIALIZED
TECHNIQUES FOR MICROLOGGING AND FLUID FLOW DETECTION 388 11.4.1 THE
ELLOG AUGER METHOD 388 11.4.2 MICRORESISTIVITY LOGGING 389 11.4.3
BOREHOLE TELEVIEWER LOG 391 11.4.4 FULL WAVEFORM ACOUSTIC LOGGING (FWAL)
392 11.4.5 CHEMICAL/RADIOACTIVE TRACER LOGS 393 11.5 CROSS-BOREHOLE
TOMOGRAPHY FOR FRACTURE AND FLUID FLOW DETECTION 395 REFERENCES 398
XVIII CONTENTS CHAPTER 12 INVERSION THEORY AND TOMOGRAPHY 400 12.1
INTRODUCTION 400 12.2 THE INVERSE PROBLEM AND ITS FORMULATION 400 12.3
LINEAR INVERSE PROBLEMS AND METHODS OF SOLUTION 402 12.3.1 THE FOURIER
METHOD OF LINEAR INVERSION 402 12.3.2 THE MATRIX METHOD APPLIED TO
LINEAR PROBLEMS 404 INVERSE CALCULATIONS OF DENSITY OR MAGNETIZATION;
RESIDUAL STATICS ESTIMATION 12.4 NON-LINEAR PROBLEMS AND METHODS OF
SOLUTION 407 12.4.1 LINEARIZATION OF THE NON-LINEAR PROBLEM 407 12.4.2
UNCONSTRAINED AND CONSTRAINED ITERATIVE SOLUTIONS 408 12.5 SAMPLE
APPLICATIONS TO NON-LINEAR PROBLEMS 409 12.5.1 INVERSION OF GRAVITY AND
MAGNETIC DATA 409 2-D INTERPRETATION; 3-D INTERPRETATION 12.5.2
INVERSION OF VERTICAL ELECTRIC SOUNDING DATA 415 1-D, USING PARTIAL
DERIVATIVES; 1-D, USING ZOHDY S TECHNIQUE; 2-D INTERPRETATION 12.5.3
INVERSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC DATA 419 1-D METHODS; 2-D METHODS 12.6
INTRODUCTION TO TOMOGRAPHY 425 12.6.1 THE BASIC CONCEPT OF TOMOGRAPHY
425 12.6.2 TOMOGRAPHY IN EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICS 427 12.6.3 RADON
TRANSFORM 428 12.7 DISCRETIZATION METHODS IN TOMOGRAPHY 430 12.7.1
GENERALIZED MATRIX METHOD 431 12.7.2 ALGEBRAIC RECONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUE
(ART) 433 12.7.3 SIMULTANEOUS ITERATIVE RECONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUE (SIRT)
436 12.8 TRANSFORM METHODS OF IMAGE RECONSTRUCTION 436 12.8.1 FOURIER
PROJECTION METHOD 437 12.8.2 FILTERED BACK-PROJECTION (FBP) METHOD 439
12.8.3 WAVE DIFFRACTION METHOD 439 12.8.4 EM DIFFRACTION TOMOGRAPHY 444
12.9 ELECTRICAL RESISTANCE TOMOGRAPHY (ERT) 445 REFERENCES 448 CONTENTS
XIX APPENDIX A ANALYTICAL CONTINUATION OF POTENTIAL FIELDS 452 APPENDIX
B GRAVITY AND MAGNETIC ATTRACTION OF FINITE VERTICAL OR HORIZONTAL
CYLINDER 455 APPENDIX C MAGNETIC ANOMALY OF A RIGHT RECTANGULAR PRISM
WITH AN ARBITRARY DIRECTION OF MAGNETIZATION VECTOR 458 APPENDIX D
FOURIER SERIES, TRANSFORMS, AND CONVOLUTION 462 APPENDIX E POYNTING
VECTOR RESISTIVITY AND THE BOSTICK INVERSION 466 INDEX 468
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Sharma, Prem Vallabh um 1976 |
| author_GND | (DE-588)104312769 |
| author_facet | Sharma, Prem Vallabh um 1976 |
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| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)36017025 (DE-599)BVBBV013551058 |
| dewey-full | 622.15 624.1/51 |
| dewey-hundreds | 600 - Technology (Applied sciences) |
| dewey-ones | 622 - Mining and related operations 624 - Civil engineering |
| dewey-raw | 622.15 624.1/51 |
| dewey-search | 622.15 624.1/51 |
| dewey-sort | 3622.15 |
| dewey-tens | 620 - Engineering and allied operations |
| discipline | Geologie / Paläontologie Bauingenieurwesen Bergbau / Hüttenwesen Geographie |
| edition | 1. publ. |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV013551058 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T18:47:49Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0521576326 0521572401 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-009253242 |
| oclc_num | 36017025 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-703 DE-83 DE-188 |
| owner_facet | DE-703 DE-83 DE-188 |
| physical | XXIV, 475 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 1997 |
| publishDateSearch | 1997 |
| publishDateSort | 1997 |
| publisher | Cambridge Univ. Press |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Sharma, Prem Vallabh um 1976 Verfasser (DE-588)104312769 aut Environmental and engineering geophysics Prem V. Sharma 1. publ. Cambridge [u.a.] Cambridge Univ. Press 1997 XXIV, 475 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Geofisica aplicada larpcal Géologie appliquée Géologie appliquée ram Géophysique ram Géotechnique de l'environnement Géotechnique de l'environnement ram Engineering geology Environmental geotechnology Geophysik (DE-588)4020252-5 gnd rswk-swf Ingenieurgeologie (DE-588)4125674-8 gnd rswk-swf Ingenieurgeologie (DE-588)4125674-8 s Geophysik (DE-588)4020252-5 s DE-604 GBV Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009253242&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Sharma, Prem Vallabh um 1976 Environmental and engineering geophysics Geofisica aplicada larpcal Géologie appliquée Géologie appliquée ram Géophysique ram Géotechnique de l'environnement Géotechnique de l'environnement ram Engineering geology Environmental geotechnology Geophysik (DE-588)4020252-5 gnd Ingenieurgeologie (DE-588)4125674-8 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4020252-5 (DE-588)4125674-8 |
| title | Environmental and engineering geophysics |
| title_auth | Environmental and engineering geophysics |
| title_exact_search | Environmental and engineering geophysics |
| title_full | Environmental and engineering geophysics Prem V. Sharma |
| title_fullStr | Environmental and engineering geophysics Prem V. Sharma |
| title_full_unstemmed | Environmental and engineering geophysics Prem V. Sharma |
| title_short | Environmental and engineering geophysics |
| title_sort | environmental and engineering geophysics |
| topic | Geofisica aplicada larpcal Géologie appliquée Géologie appliquée ram Géophysique ram Géotechnique de l'environnement Géotechnique de l'environnement ram Engineering geology Environmental geotechnology Geophysik (DE-588)4020252-5 gnd Ingenieurgeologie (DE-588)4125674-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Geofisica aplicada Géologie appliquée Géophysique Géotechnique de l'environnement Engineering geology Environmental geotechnology Geophysik Ingenieurgeologie |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009253242&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sharmapremvallabh environmentalandengineeringgeophysics |