The horizontal gene pool: bacterial plasmics and gene spread
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| Format: | Book |
|---|---|
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Amsterdam
Harwood Academic
2000
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XXIII, 419 S. Ill. |
| ISBN: | 9057024624 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a The horizontal gene pool |b bacterial plasmics and gene spread |c ed. by Christopher M. Thomas |
| 264 | 1 | |a Amsterdam |b Harwood Academic |c 2000 | |
| 300 | |a XXIII, 419 S. |b Ill. | ||
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| 650 | 7 | |a Bakterien |2 swd | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Evolution |2 swd | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Gentransfer |2 swd | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Plasmid |2 swd | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Bacterial genetics | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Evolution, Molecular | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Genes, Bacterial | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Plasmids | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Plasmids |x genetics | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Thomas, Christopher M. |e Sonstige |4 oth | |
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| adam_text | THE HORIZONTAL GENE POOL
Bacterial Plasmids and Gene Spread
Edited, by
Christopher M Thomas
School of Biological Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK
h* harwood academic publishers
mm Australia • Canada • France • Germany • India
Japan • Luxembourg • Malaysia • The Netherlands
Russia • Singapore • Switzerland
CONTENTS
Preface xi
Contributors xvii
Acknowledgements xxiii
1 Plasmid Replication and Copy Number Control 1
M Espinosa, S Cohen, M Couturier, G del Solar, R Diaz-Orejas, R Giraldo,
L Janniere, C Miller, M Osborn and C M Thomas
1 1 Introduction 1
1 2 Theta Replicons 3
1 3 Theta Replicons Independent of DNA Pol I 4
131 Rep families 4
132 Iteron-containing replicons: structure of the origins of
replication and mechanisms of replication 5
133 Control of replication 9
134 Some representative iteron-type replicating plasmids 11
135 Theta-type replicon that does not rely on iterons: the
IncFII replicon 14
136 Host range and environmental factors 14
1 4 DNA Polymerase I-Dependent Replicons 15
141 Plasmid families 15
142 Mechanisms of initiation of DNA replication 19
143 Primer synthesis for Pol I-directed polymerisation 19
1 4 47 Pol I entry and propagation 21
145 Replisomeassembly 22
146 Copy-number control 22
1 5 Rolling Circle Replication , 23
151 Organization of RCR-plasmids 25
152 Double strand origins 25
153 Rep proteins 27
154 Initiation, elongation, and termination of RCR 28
155 Lagging strand replication 29
156 Control of replication of RCR-plasmids 32
157 Identification of RCR-plasmids 34
1 6 Replication of Streptomyces Linear Plasmids 35
1 7 Summary and Conclusions 38
References 39
V
vi CONTENTS
2 Plasmid Maintenance Systems 49
K Gerdes, S Ayora, I Canosa, P Ceglowski, R Diaz-Orejas, T Francb,
A P Gultyaev, R BuggeJensen, I Kobayasbi, C Macpherson, D Summers,
C M Thomas and U Zielenkiewicz
2 1 Introduction 49
2 2 Multimer Resolution Systems 49
221 Site-specific recombinases 50
222 The cer site of plasmid ColEl 51
223 Site-specific recombinases encoded by plasmids of
Gram-positive bacteria 51
2 3 Active Partitioning Systems 53
231 The par/sop family (minD homologous family) 54
232 The parA family (JtsA homologous family) 57
233 Models for plasmid partitioning 59
2 4 Post-segregational Killing Systems (PSK) 60
241 Antisense RNA regulated PSK systems 60
242 Proteic plasmid stabilization systems 64
243A novel proteic plasmid stabilization system from
Gram-positive bacteria 66
244 Restriction modification systems 67
2 5 Conclusions and Perspective 74
References 75
3 Conjugative-DNA Transfer Processes 87
E L Zechner, F de la Cruz, R Eisenbrandt, A M Grahn, G Koraimann,
E Lanka, G Muth, W Pansegrau, C M Thomas, B M Wilkins and M Zatyka
3 1 Introduction 87
3 2 Transfer Systems of Gram-Negative and Gram-Positive Bacteria 88
321 Plasmids from Gram-negative organisms 88
322 Plasmids from Gram-positive organisms 92
3 3 Mechanistic Principles 93
331 The IncF mating pair formation system 93
332 The IncP mating pair formation system 96
333 Gram-positive 104
334 DNA processing reactions 105
3 4 Establishment of Transmitted Genetic Information in the
Recipient Cell 116
341 Circularisation of the transferring DNA strand 116
342 Synthesis of the complementary DNA strand 117
343 Plasmid DNA primases 117
344 Early genes in the plasmid leading region 118
345 Surface exclusion and immunity to lethal zygosis 120
3 5 Regulation and Induction of Transfer Systems 121
351 The IncF system 121
352 The IncP system 126
CONTENTS vii
353 Ti plasmids of Agrobacterium tumefacims 129
354 Phcromonc responding plasmids 133
3 6 Comparison of Properties of Gram-negative and Gram-positive
Transfer Systems 136
3 7 Relationships Between DNA Transfer Systems 137
371 DNA processing systems 138
372 Mating pair formation systems 143
373 Relationships to other macromolecular
export systems 146
3 8 Conclusions 154
References 155
4 Ecology of Plasmid Transfer and Spread 175
J D van Elsas, J Fry, P Hirscb and J! Molin
4 1 Introduction 175
4 2 Plasmid Transfer and Spread: from the Test Tube to the Field 176
421 Ecological factors affecting plasmid transfer in natural
habitats 178
4 3 Plasmid Transfer in Soil, the Rhizosphere and on Plant Surfaces 179
431 Soil sites and plant surfaces as habitats for bacteria 180
432 Plasmid hosts and their ecology in soil 181
433 Demonstration of gene transfer in soil systems:
occurrence and scope 181
434 Effects of different factors on conjugative plasmid
transfer in soil and related environments 183
435 Barrier effect of soil to plasmid transfers 186
4 4 Plasmid Transfer in Aquatic Habitats 187
441 Aquatic systems as habitats for bacteria 187
442 Plasmid hosts and their ecology in aquatic environments 188
443 Demonstration of plasmid transfers in aquatic
microcosms and in situ: occurrence and scope 192
444 -Effects of different factors on conjugative plasmid
transfer in aquatic environments 192
445 Plasmid transfer in sewage filter beds and activated
sludge units 195
4 5 In situ Monitoring of Plasmid Transfer in Biofilms 197
4 6 Concluding Remarks and Prospects for Further Study 198
References 199
5 Isolation and Characterisation of Plasmids from Bacteria 207
K Smatta, M Osbom and EMH Wellington
5 1 Introduction 207
5 2 Plasmid Isolation 208
521 Sampling strategies 208
522 Plasmid isolation techniques 209
viii CONTENTS
523 Detection of plasmids in total microbial community DNA 215
5 3 Plasmid Characterisation 219
531 Transfer of the plasmid into a well-characterised host 219
532 Physical isolation of plasmid DNA 221
533 Functions encoded by heterologous plasmid DNA 223
534 Phenotypes encoded by the plasmid backbone 227
535 The genotype of the plasmid backbone 230
536 Plasmid classification in the past and in the future 239
References 240
6 Phenotypic Traits Conferred by Plasmids 249
E M Top, Y Moenne-Loccoz, T Pembroke and C M Thomas
6 1 Introduction 249
6 2 Plasmid Encoded Antibiotic Resistance: Mechanisms, Spread
and Evolution • 253
621 Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance 253
622 Tetracycline resistance 255
623 Aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes 256
624 Chloramphenicol resistance 256
625 Resistance to antibiotics from the MLS group 257
626 0-lactam resistance 257
627 Spread, transfer and evolution of resistance 259
6 3 The Role of Plasmids in the Adaptation of Bacteria to Organic
Pollutants 263
631 Genes encoding w^/a-cleavage pathways 266
632 Genes encoding ortho-cleavage pathways 269
633 Genes encoding modified ort amp;o-cleavage pathways 269
634 Gene transfer in the evolution of degradative ability 271
6 4 Plasmid Encoded Phenotypes and Adaptation of Rhizobia to
Transient, Complex Ecological Niches 272
641 Rhizobial plasmids and the nitrogen-fixing symbiosis 272
642 Plasmids and saprophytism of free-living rhizobia 273
643 Significance of plasmids in rhizobia 275
6 5 General Conclusions 275
References 276
7 Bacterial Population Genetics: Do Plasmids Maintain Bacterial
Diversity and Adaptation? 287
A Lilley, P Young and M Bailey
7 1 Introduction 287
7 2 Are Plasmids Parasitic? 289
7 3 Coevolution 291
7 4 Plasmids and Sex 292
7 5 Plasmids and Adaptation 295
7 6 Conclusion 296
References 297
CONTENTS
8 The Evolution of Bacterial Plasmids 301
M Osborn, S Bron, N Firth, S Holsappel, A Huddleston, R Kiewiet, W Meijer,
J Seegers, R Skurray, P Terpstra, C M Thomas, P Thorsted, E Tietze and
S L Turner
8 1 Introduction 301
811 Plasmid structure 301
812 Towards a definition of plasmid evolution 303
813 Systems for assessing the relationships between plasmids 305
8 2 Systems for Studying Plasmid Evolution 306
821 Evolution of staphylococcal plasmids 306
822 Bacillus subtilis plasmids 314
823 Plasmids in Lactococcus lactis 318
824 Biological diversity among a family of IncQ-like plasmids 321
825 The IncP plasmid family 330
826 An evolutionary overview of rhizobial plasmids 331
827 Progress in determining the evolutionary origins of
actinomycete linear plasmids 335
8 3 Evolutionary Relationships Among Plasmid Systems 337
831 Emergence of replicon families 337
832 Mechanisms of evolution of new plasmid
incompatibility groups 341
833 Recombination between replicons 342
834 Non selective divergence via cointegrate formation 344
8 4 Summary and Conclusions 346
References 347
9 Gene Recruiters and Transporters: The Modular Structure of
Bacterial Mobile Elements 363
C Merlin,] Mahillon,] NesveraandA Toussaint
9 1 Introduction 363
9 2 Bacterial Transposable Elements: Structure, Organization and
Diversity ___ 363
921 Insertiori sequences and class I composite transposons 364
922 Class II elements 369
923 Tn7 370
924 Transposable phages: the Mu paradigm 370
925 Conjugative transposons 371
926 Integrons 374
9 3 Mechanisms Involved in DNA Mobility 374
931 Recombination modules 374
932 Replicative vs conservative transposition 377
933 Transposases 379
934 Integration/excision: the case of the conjugative
transposons 381
935 Integrases 384
936 Resolution and inversion 386
CONTENTS
937 Resolvases and invertases 388
938A common theme for transposition: cut and paste of
DNA segments 388
9 4 The Gene Transporters 390
9 5 The Modular Structure of Mobile Elements 391
951 Integrons and IS, the basic rearranger modules: selfish
vs cell fish, or ego vs lego 392
952 Other basic functional modules required to build up
mobile elements 396
953 More functional modules 397
954 The versatility of functional modules 398
955 Control of mobile elements assembly, maintenance and
activities 400
9 6 Concluding Remarks 401
References 402
Index 411
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| spelling | The horizontal gene pool bacterial plasmics and gene spread ed. by Christopher M. Thomas Amsterdam Harwood Academic 2000 XXIII, 419 S. Ill. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Anpassung swd Bakterien swd Evolution swd Gentransfer swd Plasmid swd Bacterial genetics Evolution, Molecular Genes, Bacterial Plasmids Plasmids genetics Thomas, Christopher M. Sonstige oth HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009149236&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | The horizontal gene pool bacterial plasmics and gene spread Anpassung swd Bakterien swd Evolution swd Gentransfer swd Plasmid swd Bacterial genetics Evolution, Molecular Genes, Bacterial Plasmids Plasmids genetics |
| title | The horizontal gene pool bacterial plasmics and gene spread |
| title_auth | The horizontal gene pool bacterial plasmics and gene spread |
| title_exact_search | The horizontal gene pool bacterial plasmics and gene spread |
| title_full | The horizontal gene pool bacterial plasmics and gene spread ed. by Christopher M. Thomas |
| title_fullStr | The horizontal gene pool bacterial plasmics and gene spread ed. by Christopher M. Thomas |
| title_full_unstemmed | The horizontal gene pool bacterial plasmics and gene spread ed. by Christopher M. Thomas |
| title_short | The horizontal gene pool |
| title_sort | the horizontal gene pool bacterial plasmics and gene spread |
| title_sub | bacterial plasmics and gene spread |
| topic | Anpassung swd Bakterien swd Evolution swd Gentransfer swd Plasmid swd Bacterial genetics Evolution, Molecular Genes, Bacterial Plasmids Plasmids genetics |
| topic_facet | Anpassung Bakterien Evolution Gentransfer Plasmid Bacterial genetics Evolution, Molecular Genes, Bacterial Plasmids Plasmids genetics |
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