Wide area data network performance engineering:
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Boston [u.a.]
Artech House
2000
|
| Series: | Artech House telecommunications library
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XVII, 417 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0890065691 |
Staff View
MARC
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| adam_text | Titel: Wide area data network performance engineering
Autor: Cole, Robert G
Jahr: 2000
Contents
Preface_xv
Acknowledgments xvii
1 Introduction_1
1.1 Enterprise Networking 1
1.2 Our Approach to Performance Engineering 4
1.3 Layout of the Book 5
Part I
General Principles_9
2 Wide-Area Networking Technologies_11
2.1 Introduction 11
2.2 Time-Division Multiplexing Networks 13
2.3 X.25 Networks 15
2.4 Frame Relay 19
2.4.1 Frame Relay Network Architecture 19
2.4.2 Frame Relay and Enterprise Networks 29
2.5 Asynchronous Transport Mode 30
2.6 Internetworking Protocol 37
2.6.1 IP Architecture 38
vii
A
Wide-Area Data Network Performance Engineering
2.6.2 IP on Broadcast Networks 42
2.6.3 IP on ATM (and Other NBMA) Networks 43
2.7 Multiprotocol Encapsulation: Agreements for PPP,
X.25, Frame Relay, ATM, and IP 47
2.8 Link Level Interworking Agreements 49
2.9 Summary 52
3 Performance Analysis: Some Basic Tools_55
3.1 Introduction 55
3.2 Network Delays 56
3.2.1 Delay and Latency 57
3.2.2 Propagation 59
3.2.3 Transmission, or Insertion Delays, on Serial Lines 61
3.2.4 Processing 64
3.2.5 Queuing 66
3.2.6 Delay Synopsis 69
3.3 Timing Diagrams: A Data Communications
Score Card 69
3.4 Pipelining 74
3.5 Throughput 79
3.5.1 Windowing Systems 82
3.5.2 Lossless Throughput Systems Summary 93
3.5.3 Optimal Window Sizes and Bulk Data Transfer
Times 94
3.5.4 Throughput Summary 98
3.6 Summary 99
4 Techniques for Performance Engineering 101
4.1 Introduction jq!
4.2 Load Engineering jq2
4.3 Latency-Sensitive and Bandwidth-Sensitive
Applications
Contents
ix
4.4 Methods to Discriminate Traffic in a
Multiprotocol Network 108
4.4.1 Window Size Tuning 109
4.4.2 Type of Service Routing 113
4.4.3 Priority Queuing 113
4.4.4 Processor Sharing 121
4.4.5 Adaptive Controls 124
4.4.6 Selective Discards 126
4.5 Data Collection 127
4.5.1 LAN/WAN Analyzers 127
4.5.2 Network Management Systems and RMON
Probes 128
4.5.3 A Taxonomy of Commercially Available Tools
for Performance Engineering Data Networks 130
4.6 An Example: Deploying New Applications 132
4.7 Summary 135
5 Frame Relay Performance Issues_137
5.1 Introduction 137
5.2 Private Line Versus Frame Relay 138
5.2.1 Dual Insertion Delay 140
5.2.2 Delay Variation 147
5.2.3 Application Impact of Migration to Frame Relay 148
5.3 Global Frame Relay Connections 150
5.4 Bandwidth sizing 152
5.4 Bandwidth sizing 153
5.4.1 Sizing Ports and PVCs 151
5.5 Traffic Discrimination 165
5.5.1 Congestion Shift From Routers Into the
Network 165
5.5.2 Response to the Congestion shift 166
5.6 Global Versus Local DLCI 174
X
Wide-Area Data Network Performance Engineering
5.7 Virtual Circuit Scaling Issues 176
5.8 Summary 177
6 Usinq Pings for Performance Analysis 181
6.1 Introduction 181
6.2 Pings 182
6.3 Calculating Ping Delays 184
6.3.1 Leased Line Connection 184
6.3.2 Frame Relay Connection 186
6.3.3 Observations 187
6.4 Using Pings to Verify Network Latency 189
6.5 General Comments Regarding the Use of Pings
to Estimate Network Latency 191
6.6 Calculating Delays for Large Pings 192
6.6.1 Example 1: Leased Lines 193
6.6.2 Example 2: Calculating Large Ping Delays Over
Frame Relay 194
6.6.3 Some Comments Regarding the Use of Large
Pings to Calculate Throughput 193
6.7 Summary 196
Part II
Specific Application/Protocol Suites 197
7 WAN Performance Analysis of TCP/IP
Applications: FTP, HTTP, and Telnet 199
7.1 Introduction 199
7.2 Some Essential Aspects of TCP Operation 201
7.3 Calculating TCP Bulk Data Transfer Times and
Throughput 204
7.3.1 Variables Affecting TCP File Transfer
Performance 205
7.3.2 Computing File Transfer Times for a Simple
Point-to-Point Connection 205
Contents
xi
7.3.3 Private Line Analysis 208
7.3.4 Frame Relay Analysis 215
7.3.5 General Formulas for Calculating TCP
Throughput for Private Lines and Frame Relay 222
7.4 Calculating TCP Throughput for Loaded WAN
Links 225
7.4.1 Private Line Case 226
7.4.2 Frame Relay Case 227
7.5 WAN Performance Issues for HTTP 230
7.5.1 Summary of HTTP WAN Performance Issues 232
7.5.2 A Sample Trace of an HTTP Transaction 232
7.5.3 Estimating HTTP Performance Over a WAN
Connection 234
7.6 TCP Telnet Performance Issues 242
7.7 Review of Methods to Provide Traffic
Discrimination for TCP/IP Applications 247
7.7.1 Prioritize Telnet Over Bulk Data Transfers at
the Router 247
7.7.2 Separate Telnet on Its Own PVC 249
7.7.3 Traffic Shaping at the Router 249
7.7.4 More General Bandwidth Management
Techniques 250
7.8 Summary 250
8 WAN Performance Considerations for Novell
NetWare Networks_253
8.1 Introduction 253
8.2 Overview 254
8.3 Overhead and Bandwidth Considerations 256
8.4 Novell Windowing Schemes 260
8.4.1 NetWare Pre-Release 3.11 261
8.4.2 NetWare Release 3.11 262
8.4.3 NetWare Releases 3.12 and 4.0 264
Wide-Area Data Network Performance Engineering
8.5 Private Line and Frame Relay Formulas 265
8.5.1 Private Line Formulas 2^7
8.5.2 Frame Relay Formulas 271
8.5.3 Cross-Application Effects: Mixing Novell and
TCP/IP 276
8.6 Summary 277
9 WAN Performance Issues for Client/Server
Applications__279
9.1 Introduction 279
9.2 Client/Server Overview 281
9.3 Client/Server Application WAN Traffic
Characterization 283
9.3.1 Examples of Two-Tier Application Traffic
Patterns 284
9.3.2 Example of a Three-Tier Transaction 288
9.4 Data Collection 290
9.5 Bandwidth Estimation Guidelines 292
9.5.1 Applications With a Ping-Pong Traffic
Characteristic 292
9.5.2 What Happens When Think Times Are Not
Available? 293
9.5.3 Bandwidth Estimation for Bulk Data Transfers 294
9.5.4 Bandwidth Estimation for Hybrid Transactions 295
9.5.5 Example of an SAP R3 Application 296
9.5.6 An Approach to Computing Response Times 298
9.5.7 Response Times for Bulk Data Transfer
Transactions 300
9.5.8 Response Times for Hybrid Transactions 300
9.6 The Thin Client Solution 300
9.6.1 The Remote Presentation Approach 300
9.6.2 The Network Computing Approach 307
9.7 Summary ^Qg
Contents xiii
10 WAN Design and Performance Considerations
for SNA Networks 311
10.1 Introduction 311
10.2 SNA Transport Methods: A Review 312
10.2.1 TCP/IP Encapsulation: Data Link Switching 312
10.2.2 Emulation Using SNA Gateways 314
10.2.3 Direct Encapsulation Over Frame Relay:
RFC1490 315
10.2.4 SNA Translation: TN3270 316
10.2.5 Web Access to Mainframe Applications 316
10.3 Data Center Architecture Issues for Large SNA
Networks 319
10.4 Quality of Service Issues for SNA 322
10.4.1 Delay Trade-OfFs in SNA Migration to IP 324
10.4.2 FEP-to-FEP Issues 326
10.4.3 Traffic Discrmination 327
10.5 Summary 328
Part III
Case Studies 331
11 Case Studies 333
11.1 Introduction 333
11.2 TCP/IP Case Studies 334
11.2.1 Validating Network Latency and Throughput 334
11.2.2 TCP Bulk Data Transfer 337
11.2.3 Sizing Bandwidth for a TCP/IP Application 339
11.3 Client/Server Application Case Studies 342
11.3.1 Troubleshooting Response Times for a Sales-Aid 343
Application Over a Global Frame Relay Network
11.3.2 Troubleshooting Response Times for Custom
Client/Server Application Over a Frame Relay 347
Network
xiv
Wide-Area Data Network Performance Engineering
11.3.3 Troubleshooting Performance Problems for an
Oracle Financials Application Using Citrix
Winframe Over a Global Frame Relay Network 349
11.4 Novell Networking Case Studies 333
11.4.1 How Novell SAPs Can Impact Performance 353
11.4.2 Comparing Leased Line and Frame Relay
Performance for Novell File Transfers 357
11.4.3 A Paradox: Increasing Bandwidth Results in
Worse Performance 359
11.5 SNA-Related Case Studies 360
11.5.1 Migration From SNA Multidrop to DLSw 361
11.5.2 Insuring SNA Performance in the Presence of
TCP/IP Traffic 365
11.6 Quantifying the WAN Bandwidth Impact of
SNMP Polling 369
Appendix A: Queuing: A Mathematical
Digression__375
Appendix B: Throughput in Lossy Environments 381
B.1 Introduction 381
B.2 Transmission Errors 382
B.3 Buffer Overflows 385
B.4 Transmitter Time-Outs 387
B.5 Out-of-Sequence Receptions 388
B.6 Impact of Packet Losses on Throughputs 388
Appendix C: Definitions___393
List of Acronyms__395
About the Authors__401
Index
403
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| spelling | Cole, Robert G. Verfasser aut Wide area data network performance engineering Robert G. Cole ; Ravi Ramaswamy Wide-area data network performance engineering Boston [u.a.] Artech House 2000 XVII, 417 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Artech House telecommunications library Computer network protocols Network performance (Telecommunication) Wide area networks (Computer networks) Netzwerkverwaltung (DE-588)4314339-8 gnd rswk-swf Weitverkehrsnetz (DE-588)4294149-0 gnd rswk-swf Weitverkehrsnetz (DE-588)4294149-0 s Netzwerkverwaltung (DE-588)4314339-8 s DE-604 Ramaswamy, Ravi Verfasser aut HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=008815039&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Cole, Robert G. Ramaswamy, Ravi Wide area data network performance engineering Computer network protocols Network performance (Telecommunication) Wide area networks (Computer networks) Netzwerkverwaltung (DE-588)4314339-8 gnd Weitverkehrsnetz (DE-588)4294149-0 gnd |
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| title | Wide area data network performance engineering |
| title_alt | Wide-area data network performance engineering |
| title_auth | Wide area data network performance engineering |
| title_exact_search | Wide area data network performance engineering |
| title_full | Wide area data network performance engineering Robert G. Cole ; Ravi Ramaswamy |
| title_fullStr | Wide area data network performance engineering Robert G. Cole ; Ravi Ramaswamy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Wide area data network performance engineering Robert G. Cole ; Ravi Ramaswamy |
| title_short | Wide area data network performance engineering |
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