Community care in England and France: reforms and the improvement of equity and efficiency
Gespeichert in:
Hauptverfasser: | , , |
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Format: | Buch |
Sprache: | English |
Veröffentlicht: |
Aldershot [u.a.]
Ashgate [u.a.]
1998
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Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
Beschreibung: | XXIV, 228 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
ISBN: | 1840145846 |
Internformat
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245 | 1 | 0 | |a Community care in England and France |b reforms and the improvement of equity and efficiency |c Bleddyn Davies ; José Fernandez ; Robin Saunders |
264 | 1 | |a Aldershot [u.a.] |b Ashgate [u.a.] |c 1998 | |
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adam_text | Contents
List of tables, boxes and figures x
Preface by Marie Jo Guisset xvi
Introduction xvii
Study foci xvii
Why the study? xviii
Book contents xx
Acknowledgments xxiii
Parti
1 English and French policy goals and service systems:
vivent les differences 3
1. Concentration of responsibility, authority and accountability . . 3
2. Balance between benefits in cash and kind 9
3. Focus of eligibility on the person 10
4. Proportions living in residential institutions and receiving
home care 11
2 Home care in England 13
1. Main features pre reform 13
1.1. Service provision 13
1.2. Access 14
1.3. Assessment: structures and incentives 15
2. The evolution of the policy 17
2.1. Confluence of policy shaping influences, 1974 86 17
2.2. Model logic and implementation, 1986 1995 21
The Griffiths model 22
The White Paper version 26
Policy guidance 28
The policy logic in its context 28
Implementation 29
3. Post reform features 29
vi
3 Home care in France 35
1. Principal services 35
1.1. Home help 36
Financing 36
Supply 36
1.2. Other services 38
1.3. Access 38
1.4. Assessment: structures and incentives 40
2. Official critique and policy themes 41
2.1. Policy themes 44
Assessment 45
Financing 47
3. Reform proposals 49
3.1. Prestation experimental dependance (PED) 49
The Ille et Vilaine Care Management Project 54
3.2. Prestation autonomie dependance (PAD) 56
Assessment and functional dependence 57
Income test and recuperation sur succession 59
Monitoring the use of the benefit 59
Cost to public funds 60
3.3. Prestation specifique dependance (PSD) 60
Role of the departements 63
Concerns 64
Part II
4 Study design 71
1. Collection of evidence 71
1.1. Research foci 71
1.2. Data collection 72
1.3. Study features 73
5 Users need related circumstances and the response of
informal caregivers: a comparison for the English
and French samples 77
1. Need related circumstances 77
2. Informal care and needs 82
vii
6 Formal agency response to needs and informal care . . 89
1. Comparison of matched areas 89
2. Do services in kind displace informal care? 93
2.1. Displacement, cost escalation, and the community care
reform 93
2.2. Displacement, substitution , and related concepts 97
Within mode substitution 97
Between mode substitution 98
2.3. Displacement related indicators 101
2.4. Results 103
2.5. Model form 106
2.6. Model results 108
Effects of need related circumstances on levels of
informal and formal help 110
Any tasks (Table 27) 110
Personal care tasks (Table 28) 110
Housework tasks (Table 29) Ill
Interactions between informal and formal help Ill
Any tasks (Table 27) Ill
Personal care tasks (Table 28) 112
Housework tasks (Table 29) 112
La Manche: significantly different 112
2.7. Conclusions 113
7 Entry into institutions 117
1. Methods 118
1.1. Matching the English cases to the French sample to
compare entry probabilities 118
1.2. Predictors and postulated effects 120
Policy variables: cash benefits 120
Policy variables: hours of agency services 124
1.3. Control and intervening variables 124
Impairment, disability and handicap 124
Income support network and living arrangements . . . .125
Disease types 125
1.4. Methods and model form 125
1.5. Statistical techniques 126
2. Results 127
via
2.1. Average probability of entry 127
2.2. Model coefficients 127
3. Control variables 131
Disability 131
Informal care 131
Income 131
3.1. The principal results 132
3.2. Conclusions 133
Marginal productivities 133
Modal choice at the individual level 133
Cash and care 135
3.3. Effects of varying provision levels on entry 136
3.4. Discussion 137
Part III
8 Discussion 149
1. Summary of main findings 149
1.1. The evidence as a source 149
1.2. Comparisons between England and France 150
Need related circumstances: users 150
Help from informal caregivers 151
Formal agency response to need 151
Substitution between formal and informal inputs 151
The probabilities of entry into institutions for
long term care 152
1.3. Comparisons between the three French areas 153
Need related circumstances of users 154
Informal help 154
Formal service response 155
Destinational outcomes for users 156
2. Key features 156
2.1. Contrasting foci: direct influence on supply versus
subsidisation with regulation 156
2.2. Implications of the contrast 158
Mixed social insurance and social assistance financing . 158
Targeting cash with brokerage 158
Marginal productivities of services 159
The displacement of informal care by services 161
ix
3. Current reforms: sound foundations for the future? 162
3.1. England and Wales !62
3.2. France 164
Annex: Need related circumstances, caregiver and
service responses and destinational outcomes during
two years: the French sites compared 167
A.l. Introduction 167
A.2. Destinational tables: proportions remaining in the
community after the second and third assessments 167
A.3. Destination of the French sample by INSERM categories of
disability 171
A.4. Destinations of French sample relative to the original level
of disability measured by interval need 171
A.5. Informal response to needs A.6. Informal care in relation to specific tasks |79
A.7. Mean number of hours of informal help 17^
A.8. Formal response to needs A.9. Synopsis ]8/
A.9.1.Attrition and user location (Tables A.I to A.8) 18*
A.9.2. Levels of help by informal caregivers (Tables A.9 to
A.28) °*
A.9.3.Formal help (Tables A.29 to A.48) 10*
Glossary 19*
G.I. An explanation of terms used in the text G.I.1.France 2ni
G.1.2.England —c
G.2. List of variables used in modelling G.2.1.The French data ., 206
G.2.2.The English data References 221
Subject index 226
Author index
List of tables, boxes and figures
Tables
1 Isaacs and Neville disability levels: proportions of persons by
sample area 77
2 POW QI weighted general ADL score: proportions of persons
by sample area 78
3 Ability to perform personal care tasks: proportions of persons
by sample area 79
4 Ability to perform household tasks: proportions of persons by
sample area 80
5 Presence of urinary incontinence at first assessment 81
6 Age by sample French and English sites at first assessment. . 81
7 Marital status: proportions of persons by matched area .... 82
8 Presence of central heating (main source): proportions of
persons by matched area 83
9 Client living in own home: proportions of persons by matched
area 84
10 Accessibility of WC by French site at first assessment 84
11 Presence of inside WC by English site 85
12 Help from close relative: proportions of persons by sample
area 86
13 Help from other relative: proportions of persons by sample
area 87
14 Help from non relative: proportions of persons by sample area 88
15 Presence of informal help with any tasks by Isaacs and Neville
dependency level (English and French samples compared) . . 88
16 Presence of formal help with any tasks by Isaacs and Neville
dependency level (English and French samples compared) . . 89
17 Presence of formal help with any tasks: proportions of persons
by area 90
18 Presence of formal help with personal care: proportions of
persons by area 91
19 Presence of formal help with housework: proportions of
persons by area 91
xi
20 Presence of formal help with meals: proportions of persons by
area 92
21 Presence of formal help with shopping: proportions of persons
by area 92
22 Presence of ACTP or attendance allowance by presence of
relative other than spouse 93
23 Three patterns of within mode and between mode
substitution 99
24 Whether substitution takes place (yes if AF 0 and AI 0). . . .102
25 Relative measures of substitution for all cases and all tasks . . 103
26 Relative measures of substitution only for cases with no
changes in disability (all tasks) 104
27 Direction and significance of interactions between
need related circumstances and amount of informal and
formal help through time (any tasks) 107
28 Direction and significance of interactions between
need related circumstances and amounts of informal and
formal help through time (personal care tasks) 108
29 Direction and significance of interactions between
need related circumstances and amounts of informal and
formal help through time (housework tasks) 109
30 Matching of English and French populations for comparison
of entry to institutions 119
31 Indicators used in the French model 121
32 Indicators used in the English model 121
33 Other variables used in the French modelling 122
34 Other variables used in the English modelling 123
35 Results of the modelling of French provision 128
36 Results of the modelling of English provision 128
37 The marginal effect of ACTP and agency housework inputs on
total cost 138
Appendix table to Chapter 7. Imputed costs of informal care as a
proportion of total expenditure on dependency related
services and informal care costs 1988 145
A.I Whether client still in community at time two: proportions of
persons by area 168
A.2 Whether client still in community at time three: proportions
of persons by area 168
XIX
A.3 Destination of client at time two: proportions of persons by
area 169
A.4 Destination of client at time three: proportions of persons by
area 170
A.5 Destination of client at time two and INSERM category at
first assessment: proportions of persons overall 172
A.6 Destination of client at time three and INSERM category at
time two: proportions of persons overall 173
A. 7 Destination of client at time two and interval need level at
first assessment: proportions of persons overall 174
A.8 Destination of client at time three and interval need level at
time two: proportions of persons overall 175
A.9 INSERM need category and presence of informal help with
any task at time two: proportions of persons by area 177
A.10 INSERM need category and presence of informal help with
any task at time three: proportions of persons by area 178
A. 11 Presence of informal help with personal care at time two:
proportions of persons by area 179
A. 12 Presence of informal help with personal care at time three:
proportions of persons by area 180
A. 13 Presence of informal help with household tasks at time two:
proportions of persons by area 180
A. 14 Presence of informal help with household tasks at time
three: proportions of persons by area 181
A. 15 Presence of informal help with nutrition at time two:
proportions of persons by area 181
A. 16 Presence of informal help with nutrition at time three:
proportions of persons by area 182
A. 17 Presence of informal help with shopping at time two:
proportions of persons by area 182
A. 18 Presence of informal help with shopping at time three:
proportions of persons by area 183
A. 19 Means of hours per month of informal help with any task by
area at time two 183
A.20 Means of hours per month of informal help with any task by
area at time three 183
A.21 Means of hours per month of informal help with personal
care by area at time two 185
xiii
A.22 Means of hours per month of informal help with personal
care by area at time three 185
A.23 Means of hours per month of informal help with household
tasks by area at time two 185
A.24 Means of hours per month of informal help with household
tasks by area at time three 186
A.25 Means of hours per month of informal help with nutrition
by area at time two 186
A.26 Means of hours per month of informal help with nutrition
by area at time three 186
A.27 Means of hours per month of informal help with shopping
by area at time two 187
A.28 Means of hours per month of informal help with shopping
by area at time three 187
A.29 INSERM need category and presence of informal help with
any task at time two: proportions of persons by area 188
A.30 INSERM need category and presence of formal help with
any task at time three: proportions of persons by area 190
A.31 Presence of formal help with personal care at time two:
proportions of persons by area 191
A.32 Presence of formal help with personal care at time three:
proportions of persons by area 191
A.33 Presence of formal help with household tasks at time two:
proportions of persons by area 192
A.34 Presence of formal help with household tasks at time three:
proportions of persons by area 192
A.35 Presence of formal help with nutrition at time two:
proportions of persons by area 193
A.36 Presence of formal help with nutrition at time three:
proportions of persons by area 193
A.37 Presence of formal help with shopping at time two:
proportions of persons by area 194
A.38 Presence of formal help with shopping at time three:
proportions of persons by area 194
A.39 Means of hours per month of formal help with any task by
area at time two 195
A.40 Means of hours per month of formal help with any task by
area at time three 195
j
XIV
A.41 Means of hours per month of formal help with personal care
by area at time two 195
A.42 Means of hours per month of formal help with personal care
by area at time three 196
A.43 Means of hours per month of formal help with household
tasks by area at time two 196
A.44 Means of hours per month of formal help with household
tasks by area at time three 196
A.45 Means of hours per month of formal help with nutrition by
area at time two 197
A.46 Means of hours per month of formal help with nutrition by
area at time three 197
A.47 Means of hours per month of formal help with shopping by
area at time two 197
A.48 Means of hours per month of formal help with shopping by
area at time three 198
Boxes
1 The Griffiths model 22
2 A summary of French proposals for direct payments 50
3 The Ille et Vilaine project 52
4 AGGER assessment scale 58
5 ACTP/Prestation d autonomie for a given income 59
6 Study features 74
7 Needs categorisations 76
8 Definitions of substitution related indicators 101
G.I Concentration of responsibility, authority and financing:
services and their financing agencies for social and nursing
care in England and France 202
Figures
1 Attendance allowance (AA) and ACTP: amounts received as
percentage of national residential care cost and
proportions of recipients by disability range 10
2 Model of relations between (1) initial need related
circumstances; (2) initial help from informal caregivers; (3)
allocations of formal services; (4) changes in need related
circumstances; (5) changes in informal help; (6) changes in
formal services; (7) outcomes 105
XV
3 Effects on entry of inputs of housework and ACTP. Direction
and significance of relationships in the modelling of the
probability of admission in the French sample 129
4 Probability of entry to residential institutions with varying
levels of ACTP and agency housework: not allowing for
the dependence of informal inputs into meals provision in
response to ACTP and agency housework, for users at
three disability levels 140
5 Probability of entry to residential institutions with varying
levels of ACTP and agency housework: allowing for the
dependence of informal inputs into meals provision in
response to ACTP and agency housework, for users at
three disability levels 141
6 Probability of entry to residential institutions with varying
levels of attendance allowance, for cases in which the
informal helper is angry (CAREANG) 142
L
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dewey-ones | 362 - Social problems and services to groups |
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dewey-sort | 3362.120942 |
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geographic_facet | Frankreich Großbritannien |
id | DE-604.BV012816457 |
illustrated | Illustrated |
indexdate | 2024-07-09T18:34:11Z |
institution | BVB |
isbn | 1840145846 |
language | English |
oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-008717884 |
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physical | XXIV, 228 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
publishDate | 1998 |
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publisher | Ashgate [u.a.] |
record_format | marc |
spelling | Davies, Bleddyn Verfasser aut Community care in England and France reforms and the improvement of equity and efficiency Bleddyn Davies ; José Fernandez ; Robin Saunders Aldershot [u.a.] Ashgate [u.a.] 1998 XXIV, 228 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Community Health Services England Community Health Services France Community health services for older people England Community health services for older people France Health Policy England Health Policy France Older people Care England Older people Care France Öffentliches Gesundheitswesen (DE-588)4139691-1 gnd rswk-swf Gemeinde (DE-588)4019956-3 gnd rswk-swf Frankreich Großbritannien (DE-588)4022153-2 gnd rswk-swf Frankreich (DE-588)4018145-5 gnd rswk-swf Großbritannien (DE-588)4022153-2 g Gemeinde (DE-588)4019956-3 s Öffentliches Gesundheitswesen (DE-588)4139691-1 s Frankreich (DE-588)4018145-5 g DE-604 Martínez Fernández, José G. Verfasser aut Saunders, Robin Verfasser aut HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=008717884&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
spellingShingle | Davies, Bleddyn Martínez Fernández, José G. Saunders, Robin Community care in England and France reforms and the improvement of equity and efficiency Community Health Services England Community Health Services France Community health services for older people England Community health services for older people France Health Policy England Health Policy France Older people Care England Older people Care France Öffentliches Gesundheitswesen (DE-588)4139691-1 gnd Gemeinde (DE-588)4019956-3 gnd |
subject_GND | (DE-588)4139691-1 (DE-588)4019956-3 (DE-588)4022153-2 (DE-588)4018145-5 |
title | Community care in England and France reforms and the improvement of equity and efficiency |
title_auth | Community care in England and France reforms and the improvement of equity and efficiency |
title_exact_search | Community care in England and France reforms and the improvement of equity and efficiency |
title_full | Community care in England and France reforms and the improvement of equity and efficiency Bleddyn Davies ; José Fernandez ; Robin Saunders |
title_fullStr | Community care in England and France reforms and the improvement of equity and efficiency Bleddyn Davies ; José Fernandez ; Robin Saunders |
title_full_unstemmed | Community care in England and France reforms and the improvement of equity and efficiency Bleddyn Davies ; José Fernandez ; Robin Saunders |
title_short | Community care in England and France |
title_sort | community care in england and france reforms and the improvement of equity and efficiency |
title_sub | reforms and the improvement of equity and efficiency |
topic | Community Health Services England Community Health Services France Community health services for older people England Community health services for older people France Health Policy England Health Policy France Older people Care England Older people Care France Öffentliches Gesundheitswesen (DE-588)4139691-1 gnd Gemeinde (DE-588)4019956-3 gnd |
topic_facet | Community Health Services England Community Health Services France Community health services for older people England Community health services for older people France Health Policy England Health Policy France Older people Care England Older people Care France Öffentliches Gesundheitswesen Gemeinde Frankreich Großbritannien |
url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=008717884&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
work_keys_str_mv | AT daviesbleddyn communitycareinenglandandfrancereformsandtheimprovementofequityandefficiency AT martinezfernandezjoseg communitycareinenglandandfrancereformsandtheimprovementofequityandefficiency AT saundersrobin communitycareinenglandandfrancereformsandtheimprovementofequityandefficiency |