New vaccines and new vaccine technology:
Saved in:
| Format: | Book |
|---|---|
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Philadelphia [u.a.]
Saunders
1999
|
| Series: | Infectious disease clinics of North America
13,1 |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XIII, 283 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
Staff View
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a New vaccines and new vaccine technology |c Larry I. Lutwick, guest ed. |
| 264 | 1 | |a Philadelphia [u.a.] |b Saunders |c 1999 | |
| 300 | |a XIII, 283 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
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| 490 | 1 | |a Infectious disease clinics of North America |v 13,1 | |
| 650 | 2 | |a Technologie pharmaceutique | |
| 650 | 2 | |a Vaccins | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Technology, Pharmaceutical |x trends | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Vaccines | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Vaccines |x Design | |
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Record in the Search Index
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1 V M. . IM S AXUNIiVV V.V . L L IK H. (JI.OO
CONTENTS
Preface xi
Larry I. Lutwick
Evolution of the Type 1 (Thl)/ Type 2 (Th2) Cytokine
Paradigm 1
Daniel R. Lucey
During the past 12 years, since the discovery of murine Thl and
Th2 clones, increasing numbers of cells that make type 1 and
type 2 cytokines have been recognized, and a growing number
of these cytokines have been described. Emphasis has shifted
from the CD4 + T cell, as the source of Thl Th2 cytokines, to the
functional effect of the type 1 and type 2 cytokines, independent
of their cell of origin. Appreciation of the complex interactions of
CMI and humoral immune responses continues to evolve. If this
new paradigm provides insight into infectious disease pathogene
sis and prevention, then it should allow development of new
vaccines and vaccine adjuvants against these diseases.
Genetic Vaccines 11
Joel R. Haynes
In a few short years, genetic vaccine technology has moved rap¬
idly from a novel concept to an important strategy for the devel¬
opment of human and veterinary vaccines, for numerous indica¬
tions. This article discusses current areas in which further
refinements in technology will influence a variety of infectious
disease treatments, including intramuscular and intradermal inoc¬
ulation, gene gun inoculation, the mechanism of antigen presenta¬
tion, and the use of genetic adjuvants.
©amcnous disease cunics op north amekica
VOLUME 13 • NUMBER 1 ¦ MARCH 1999 V
Immunoglobulin Variable Regions as Idiotype Vaccines 27
P. Scott Hefty and Ronald C. Kennedy
This article focuses on the use of immunoglobulin variable re¬
gions, including Id, anti Id, anticlonotypes, and Id engineering as
putative vaccines and vaccine strategies for infectious diseases;
and specific discussion of Id systems involving antigenic determi¬
nants associated with potentially pathogenic organisms.
Maintaining and Enhancing Vaccine Immunogenicity 39
Jeremy D. Gradon and Larry I. Lutwick
This contribution highlights factors involved with maintaining
and enhancing antigen delivery or immunogenicity. Areas dis¬
cussed include the cold chain, adjuvants, recombinant vectors for
antigen delivery, routes for antigen delivery, and edible plant
vaccines. It is doubtless that the technological understanding that
underlies these advances is about to revolutionize vaccinology in
the near future.
Herpesvirus Vaccines: Development, Controversies, and
Applications 61
Philip R. Krause and Stephen E. Straus
Herpesviruses present difficult challenges in vaccine development
because of their ability to evade immune clearance. Data and
recommendations regarding the live attenuated varicella vaccine
are discussed. Approaches to developing vaccines to prevent her¬
pes simplex virus (HSV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), and Epstein
Barr virus (EBV) associated illnesses also are considered.
Acellular Pertussis Vaccines in Adults 83
Wendy A. Keitel and Kathryn M. Edwards
The pathogenesis of pertussis, and the epidemiology and clinical
manifestations of pertussis after childhood are reviewed as a
background for a discussion of recent clinical trials of acellular
pertussis vaccines in adults, and the vaccines potential for rou¬
tine use in adolescents and adults.
HIV Vaccines 95
Sharon E. Frey
The history, epidemiology, and basic microbiology and immunol¬
ogy of HIV 1 are reviewed. Indications for vaccine, goals of im¬
munization, and vaccine development are discussed. Social risks,
ethical concerns, international site development, and vaccine de¬
velopment issues specific to HIV vaccine are presented.
vi CONTENTS
Conjugated Polysaccharide Vaccines 113
Hussain Ahmad and Edward K. Chapnick
The joining of polysaccharide antigens to various proteins can
result in increased immunogenicity of vaccines composed of such
antigens. This article discusses conjugated polysaccharide vac¬
cines for Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and
Neisseria meningitis. Increased availability and use of such vac¬
cines may result in the ability to give more effective vaccines
earlier in life, further reducing the incidence of diseases caused
by these organisms.
Vaccination as a Modality to Prevent Lyme Disease: A
Status Report 135
Gary P. Wormser
Recombinant outer surface protein A (OspA) of Borrelia burgdorferi
is a highly protective immunogen for prevention of Lyme disease
in experimental animals. Humoral immunity is sufficient for pro¬
tection. The principal mechanism of action is prevention of trans¬
mission of the spirochete from tick to host. A recombinant OspA
vaccine has been licensed for use in dogs. The recent licensure of
an OspA vaccine for humans resulted from a critical analysis of
recently completed efficacy studies.
Travel Vaccines 149
Richard F. Thompson, Dorsey M. Bass, and
Stephen L. Hoffman
Travel related infectious diseases are exceedingly common, diffi¬
cult to diagnose, and sometimes preventable. Vaccination is one
tool for reducing the risk of infectious disease for some travelers.
Both healthcare providers and travelers need to be aware of the
new travel vaccines, and new formulations of older vaccines that
now are available. This article presents an update on vaccines for
cholera, Japanese encephalitis, rabies, rotavirus, typhoid, and ma¬
laria.
New Vaccines Against Tuberculosis: The Status of
Current Research 169
Ian M. Orme
The increasing realization that the current vaccine for tuberculo¬
sis, bacille Calmette Guerin (BCG), is of varying effectiveness,
and is less protective in adults than in children, has prompted
new research for a replacement. New research has resulted in
innovative approaches, including the use of sub unit vaccines,
auxotropic vaccines, DNA vaccines, and recombinant vaccines,
among others. This article reviews these approaches and test
CONTENTS vii
results in animal models, and discusses their potential for use
in humans.
Anthrax Vaccine: A Model of a Response to the Biologic
Warfare Threat 187
Meryl Nass
Anthrax vaccine is being administered to all 2.4 million active
duty, reserve, and National Guard troops, as prophylaxis against
biologic warfare. The vaccine s effectiveness in this setting may
be limited. This article discusses unresolved issues of safety, with
an emphasis on the need for careful surveillance of vaccines used
by the military, which has sidestepped the commercial process.
Also considered are ethical issues related to the development and
use of military biologies, as the United States Army advances its
Joint Vaccine Acquisition Program, a plan to produce more than
ten vaccines specifically for biologic warfare threat, and to admin¬
ister them to all military servicemembers.
Arthropod Vaccines 209
Rogan Lee and Joan P. Opdebeeck
This article highlights some of the current research directions
used to develop vaccines against arthropods. Resistance to insecti¬
cides and acaricides, the presence of chemical residues in meat,
and environmental contamination are the major reasons for seek¬
ing alternative methods for controlling parasitic arthropods. The
success of isolating a protective antigen that is hidden from the
host has lead to much interest in biologic control of ectoparasites.
The recombinant form of the antigen Bm86, which was isolated
from the midgut of the cattle tick, now is used in a commercial
veterinary vaccine with a mineral oil adjuvant. Experimental vac¬
cines used to protect humans and animals against parasitic insects
have not been as successful.
Group A Streptococcal Vaccines 227
James B. Dale
The pathogenesis of group A streptococcal infections, and anti¬
gens that contribute to protective immune responses are re¬
viewed. Several approaches to vaccine development are dis¬
cussed. Data are provided from preclinical studies of multivalent
M protein based vaccines that evoke protective antibodies in labo¬
ratory animals. Also discussed are future strategies for the devel¬
opment of broadly protective vaccines, and their potential impact
on the incidence of streptococcal infections, and acute rheumatic
fever.
viii CONTENTS
Unconventional Vaccine Targets: Immunization of
Pregnancy, Peptic Ulcer, Gastric Cancer, Cocaine Abuse,
and Atherosclerosis 245
Larry I. Lutwick
Vaccine technology can be applied to targets of intervention that
currently have not been considered preventable by immunization.
Targets include some diseases caused by, or related to, infectious
agents, and other conditions clearly unassociated with disease
pathogens. This article considers vaccines for pregancy, pepetic
ulcer disease, gastric cancer, cocaine abuse and atherosclerosis.
Poliovirus Immunizations: What Goes Around,
Comes Around 265
Norberto E. Soto and Larry I. Lutwick
Although poliovirus vaccination is not new, the recent changes in
ACIP recommendations involving polio vaccinations are. Cur¬
rently, wild type poliovirus has been eliminated in the Western
hemisphere, but vaccine associated cases (VAPP) still occur. The
new recommendations are intended to continue providing protec¬
tion and to eliminate VAPP cases from occurring in vaccinees or
close contacts.
Index 279
Subscription Information Inside back cover
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| spelling | New vaccines and new vaccine technology Larry I. Lutwick, guest ed. Philadelphia [u.a.] Saunders 1999 XIII, 283 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Infectious disease clinics of North America 13,1 Technologie pharmaceutique Vaccins Technology, Pharmaceutical trends Vaccines Vaccines Design Impfstoff (DE-588)4026655-2 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Impfstoff (DE-588)4026655-2 s DE-604 Lutwick, Larry I. Sonstige oth Infectious disease clinics of North America 13,1 (DE-604)BV000841738 13,1 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=008512961&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
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| title | New vaccines and new vaccine technology |
| title_auth | New vaccines and new vaccine technology |
| title_exact_search | New vaccines and new vaccine technology |
| title_full | New vaccines and new vaccine technology Larry I. Lutwick, guest ed. |
| title_fullStr | New vaccines and new vaccine technology Larry I. Lutwick, guest ed. |
| title_full_unstemmed | New vaccines and new vaccine technology Larry I. Lutwick, guest ed. |
| title_short | New vaccines and new vaccine technology |
| title_sort | new vaccines and new vaccine technology |
| topic | Technologie pharmaceutique Vaccins Technology, Pharmaceutical trends Vaccines Vaccines Design Impfstoff (DE-588)4026655-2 gnd |
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