Innovation diffusion and political control of energy technologies: a comparison of combined heat and power generation in the UK and Germany ; with 42 tables
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| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Thesis Book |
| Language: | German |
| Published: |
Heidelberg ; New York
Physica-Verl.
1999
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| Series: | Contributions to economics
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XXII, 485 S. Ill. |
| ISBN: | 3790812056 |
Staff View
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Innovation diffusion and political control of energy technologies |b a comparison of combined heat and power generation in the UK and Germany ; with 42 tables |c Karl Matthias Weber |
| 264 | 1 | |a Heidelberg ; New York |b Physica-Verl. |c 1999 | |
| 300 | |a XXII, 485 S. |b Ill. | ||
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| 490 | 0 | |a Contributions to economics | |
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| 650 | 4 | |a Cogeneration of electric power and heat -- Government policy -- Germany | |
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Record in the Search Index
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| adam_text | Table of Contents
Preface V
List of Figures XVII
List of Tables XIX
Summary XXI
Chapter 1: Introduction 1
1.1 The applied problem 1
1.2 The methodological problem 6
1.3 The theoretical problem 7
1.4 The rationale of the study 9
1.5 Structure of the study 10
PART I: The PET System A Theoretical and Methodological
Approach to Innovation Diffusion and Political Control
Chapter 2: Theoretical Approaches to Technological
Change and Political Control Across Disciplines 15
2.1 Some basic concepts and definitions 15
2.1.1 Technology and related definitions 15
2.1.2 Definitions related to political control and regulation 18
VIII
2.1.3 Multiple perspectives on technological change: A hierarchy of
disciplines 19
2.1.4 Multiple models of processes of change a formal criterion 21
2.1.5 Summary and synthesis... 22
2.2 Descriptive models and the aggregate measurement of
technological change, diffusion and innovation 23
2.2.1 Measurement of innovation and diffusion 23
2.2.2 Models for the representation of innovation and diffusion processes.. 24
2.2.3 Summary 27
2.3 Economic approaches to technological change 28
2.3.1 Simple models linear flunking 28
2.3.2 Explanatory models of fli« feedback and systemic type
neo classical vs. evolutionary theorising 32
2.3.3 Main elements of evolutionary theories of techno economic change..36
2.3.4 Summary and assessment 47
2.4 Sociological analysis of technological change 48
2.4.1 Early sociological approaches linear models and single factors 48
2.4.2 The new sociology of technological change interdependencies,
networks and systems 49
2.4.3 Summary and assessment „ 55
2.5 Theories of political control and regulation 57
2.5.1 Linear relationships between the political and the
techno economic realm 58
2.5.2 Feedback and system ttiijilcing from a political perspective 66
2.5.3 Summary and assessment 71
2.6 Conclusions 73
2.6.1 Requirements of an integrated perspective 73
2.6.2 Existing attempts to integrate perspectives 74
2.6.3 Elements of an integrated approach 75
IX
Chapter 3: The PET System: An Integrated Approach to
Innovation Diffusion and Political Control 77
3.1 Introduction 77
3.2 Delimitation of the system and exogenous forces 79
3.3 The central object of PET: technology 81
3.4 Structures and structural changes _ 83
3.4.1 Changes of technological structures _ 84
3.4.2 Changes of economic structures _ 85
3.4.3 Changes of information structures 86
3.4.4 Changes of political structures 86
3.5 Actors and motivations 87
3.5.1 The underlying actor model 87
3.5.2 Actors decisions and links to their environment 90
3.5.3 Types of actors considered 93
3.6 Decisions and interactions 98
3.6.1 Decisions and decision arenas: innovation, adoption, policies 98
3.6.2 A typology of interactions 98
3.6.3 Institutions, institutional changes and interactions 100
3.7 System dynamics 101
3.8 Summary 109
3.8.1 Basic hypotheses 109
3.8.2 The PET system a useful starting point 111
Chapter 4: A General Methodology for Studying
Innovation Diffusion and Political Control 113
4.1 Introduction 113
4.2 The basic steps of the general methodology 113
4.2.1 Step 1: Technology analysis 114
4.2.2 Step 2: Technological changes 116
X
4.2.3 Step 3: Delimitation of the system 117
4.2.4 Step 4: Structural analysis and structural evolution 118
4.2.5 Step 5: Identification of actors 120
4.2.6 Step 6: Event analysis 121
4.2.7 Step 7: Analysis of decisions and interactions 122
4.2.8 Step 8: Analysis of system dynamics 123
4.2.9 Step 9: Prospective analysis and scenario building 125
4.3 Conclusions 126
PART II: Introduction of the Problem Area and Specification of
the Methodology
Chapter 5: Issues of Energy Supply and Cogeneration 131
5.1 Historical development of heat and power supply 131
5.1.1 Economies of scale 132
5.1.2 The political interests in energy supply 133
5.1.3 Emergence of centralised technical and organisational structures 133
5.1.4 The typical players in electricity supply 135
5.2 Recent challenges to the traditional organisation of the
energy supply industries 136
5.2.1 The end of the political and strategic role 136
5.2.2 The natural monopoly debate and the claim for deregulation 137
5.2.3 The environmental discussion and energy efficiency 138
5.2.4 Options and policies for reorganising the ESI 139
5.3 CHP technology and its main dimensions (Step 1). 140
5.3.1 Dimension 1: Technological issues and applications 143
5.3.2 Dimension 2: Environmental impact 158
5.3.3 Dimension 3: Micro economics for CHP users and suppliers 162
5.3.4 Dimension 4: Macro and socio economic issues 171
5.3.5 Dimension 5: Organisational and power issues 176
5.3.6 Technological alternatives for heat and electricity supply 177
XI
5.4 Summary 180
5.4.1 CHP technology a complex research field 181
5.4.2 Superiority, inferiority and the role of social processes 181
Chapter 6: Determinants of CHP Diffusion 183
6.1 An overview of the situation of CHP 184
6.2 General exogenous factors 185
6.3 Structural level 186
6.3.1 Technological factors 186
6.3.2 Economic factors 187
6.3.3 Institutional and organisational factors 188
6.3.4 Political factors 190
6.4 Behavioural level 192
6.4.1 Informational barriers and competencies 192
6.4.2 Attitudes of actors, actions and interactions 193
6.4.3 Case studies on investment in energy efficiency and CHP 194
6.5 Policy recommendations 195
6.5.1 Recommendations at structural level 195
6.5.2 Recommendations at behavioural level 197
6.6 Missing pieces 197
6.7 Summary 199
Chapter 7: Methodological Transfer From the General
Approach to the Empirical Investigation 201
7.1 Specification of the basic hypotheses 202
7.1.1 Co evolution of structures and technology (HI) 202
7.1.2 Technical complementarity (H2) 204
7.1.3 Behavioural hypothesis (H3) 205
7.1.4 Dynamic hypothesis (H4) 206
XII
7.1.5 Control hypothesis (H5) 207
7.2 Focus of interest and comparative methodology 208
7.2.1 On the usefulness ofa comparative methodology ~ 208
7.2.2 Target areas 209
7.2.3 First specification: Selection of countries 209
7.2.4 Second specification: Selection of actors and cases 212
7.2.5 Third specification: Interview based methodology 214
7.3 From theory to comparative data collection 215
7.3.1 Technological changes and innovations for CHP (Step 2) 216
7.3.2 Delimitation of the system and exogenous changes (Step 3) 218
7.3.3 Structures and structural changes (Step 4) 219
7.3.4 Identification of actors (Step 5) 222
7.3.5 Event analysis (Step 6) 225
7.3.6 Analysis of decisions and interactions (Step 7) 226
7.3.7 System dynamics (Step 8) 229
7.3.8 Prospective analysis (Step 9) 230
7.4 Issues and problems of research practice 230
7.4.1 Limitations of data sources 230
7.4.2 Constraints on the general validity of the results 232
7.5 Summary 233
PART III: The Empirical Account: Cogeneration in the UK and
Germany from the Early 80s to the Middle of the 90s
Chapter 8: Liberalisation of Energy Supply in the UK 237
8.1 The history of cogeneration in the UK 237
8.2 The context conditions 239
8.3 Innovation patterns of CHP technology in the UK 242
8.3.1 Technical improvements 242
8.3.2 Expectations for the future 245
XIV
9.5.1 Political realm 324
9.5.2 Technology supply side 334
9.5.3 The user side of CHP technology: Adoption 337
9.6 The evolutionary dynamics of CHP diffusion in Germany 349
9.7 Outlook 354
9.7.1 Scenario 1: Moderate CHP friendly liberalisation 355
9.7.2 Scenario 2: Full application of liberal principles .356
9.7.3 Scenario 3: Political enforcement and support for CHP 357
9.8 Excursion: CHP in the New Lander 359
9.8.1 Structural developments 359
9.8.2 Developments at micro level 361
9.8.3 Assessment and outlook 362
Chapter 10: Comparison of the Developments in the UK
and Germany 3^3
10.1 Comparison of the developments till the early Eighties 363
10.2 Differences of the context conditions 364
10.3 Differences of technological developments 365
10.4 Comparison of structures and structural changes 367
10.4.1 Technological structures .367
10.4.2 Economic structures and regulatory framework 369
10.4.3 Structures for the provision of technological information 373
10.4.4 Political and regulatory structures 374
10.5 Comparison of actors decisions, interactions and motivations 376
10.5.1 Political realm 376
10.5.2 Technology supply side 378
10.5.3 The user side of CHP 381
10.6 Differences of evolutionary dynamics 385
10.7 Comparison of future perspectives 391
10.7.1 Scenario 1: Liberal framework with special attention to CHP 391
XV
10.7.2 Scenario 2: Widest possible application of market principles 392
10.7.3 Scenario 3: Political support and enforcement of CHP 393
PART IV: Concluding Remarks on Cogeneration, Political
Control and the PET Approach
Chapter 11: Conclusions 397
11.1 Policy conclusions 397
11.1.1 Lessons from the cases of CHP in the UK and Germany 397
11.1.2 Requirements of a CHP oriented framework 401
11.1.3 Policy strategies for promoting CHP 403
11.2 Methodological conclusions 409
11.2.1 The constructive character of PET 409
11.2.2 Theory based prospective analysis: requirements
and possibilities 410
11.3 Theoretical conclusions 411
11.3.1 On the usefulness of the PET approach for structuring
processes of change in socio technical systems 411
11.3.2 Theory, hypotheses and their limitations: Arguments
for a different perspective on theory 412
11.3.3 On the needs and problems of multi disciplinary research 412
11.4 Research needs 413
References 415
Abbreviations 441
Appendices 443
Appendix 1: DeutschsprachigeZusammenfassung 443
Appendix 2: Questionaire outline 465
Appendix 3: List of interviews 469
Appendix 4: Complementary data _ 473
Appendix 5: Comparative summary overview 476
XIII
8.3.3 Non technical implications 246
8.4 Structu ral changes 246
8.4.1 Technological structures 246
8.4.2 Economic structures and regulatory framework 251
8.4.3 Structures for the provision of technological information 259
8.4.4 Political and regulatory structures 260
8.5 Behavioural aspects: Decisions, interactions and motivations 263
8.5.1 Political realm 263
8.5.2 Suppliers decisions on innovation 271
8.5.3 Users and their adoption decisions 275
8.6 The evolutionary dynamics of CHP diffusion in the UK 284
8.7 Outlook 290
8.7.1 Scenario 1: Moderate CHP friendly liberalisation 291
8.7.2 Scenario 2: Full application of liberal principles 292
8.7.3 Scenario 3: Political enforcement and support for CHP 293
Chapter 9: Transforming the Monopoly CHP in Germany ..295
9.1 The history of cogeneration and electricity supply in Germany 295
9.2 The context conditions 297
9.3 Innovation patterns of CHP technology in Germany 300
9.3.1 Technical improvements 300
9.3.2 Expectations for the future 304
9.3.3 Non technical implications 306
9.4 Structural changes 306
9.4.1 Technological structures 306
9.4.2 Economic structures and regulatory framework 311
9.4.3 Structures for the provision of technological information 320
9.4.4 Political and regulatory structures 322
9.5 Behavioural aspects: Decisions, interactions and motivations 324
List of Figures
Figure 3.1: A firm s links to its environment 93
Figure 3.2: The set up of the PET system 102
Figure 5.1: Black box model of cogeneration and conventional
heat only and power only plant 146
Figure 5.2: The transformation chain from the primary fuel source
to final services 147
Figure 5.3: Gas turbine cogeneration plant 150
Figure 5.4: Heat, cold and power load and supply curves of an
industrial site 153
Figure 5.5: The service chains from technology suppliers to service
end users 166
Figure 5.6: Model for the assessment of an independent industrial
cogeneration project 171
Figure 5.7: Recent development of heat and power supply in terms
of rivalry and excludability 174
Figure 6.1: Diffusion of CHP in Europe 184
Figure 8.1: Energy production in the UK by fuels 240
Figure 8.2: Energy consumption in the UK by sectors 242
Figure 8.3: Electricity consumption in the UK by sectors 247
Figure 8.4: Electricity generation capacity in the UK by fuels 248
Figure 8.5: The diffusion of cogeneration in the UK 249
Figure 8.6: The organisation of the ESI in the UK 253
Figure 8.7: Development of electricity and gas prices in the UK
for households and industry 256
XVIII
Figure 8.8: Approximate life cycle of the British small scale
CHP industry 258
Figure 8.9: Market shares of direct sales and Contract Energy
Management (CEM) solutions in the British gas turbine
market since liberalisation 272
Figure 9.1: Energy production in Germany by fuels 298
Figure 9.2: Energy consumption in Germany by sectors 299
Figure 9.3: Electricity consumption in Germany by sectors 307
Figure 9.4: Electricity production in Germany by fuels 308
Figure 9.5: The diffusion of cogeneration in Germany 309
Figure 9.6: The organisation of the ESI in Germany 314
Figure 9.7: Development of electricity and gas prices in Germany
for industry and households 317
Figure 9.8: Approximate life cycle of the German small scale
CHP industry 320
List of Tables
Table 2.1: A hierarchy of research disciplines related
to technological change 20
Table 2.2: Dependent and independent variables in early
diffusion research 49
Table 3.1: Types and examples of interactions in the PET system 100
Table 4.1: Steps of the PET methodology 114
Table 4.2: Steps for analysing a technology s dimensions 115
Table 4.3: Steps for analysing the changes of a technology s dimensions 117
Table 4.4: Steps for analysing exogenous changes 118
Table 4.5: Analysis of structural changes 119
Table 4.6: Elements of actor analysis 120
Table 4.7: Elements of event analysis 121
Table 4.8: Analysis of decisions 122
Table 4.9: Analysis of dynamic mechanisms 124
Table 4.10: Analysing future dynamics 126
Table 5.1: Functional structure of electricity supply and the corresponding
actors 136
Table 5.2: Energy related policies 139
Table 5.3: Comparison of different cogeneration technologies
with traditional boilers and power stations 145
Table 5.4: Characterisations of the two products heat and power 152
Table 5.5: Comparison of different combinations of heat and
power supply 160
Table 5.6: Emissions for CHP and separate generation in mg/MJ heat 161
XX
Table 5.7: Utility and non utility CHP users 166
Table 5.8: Comparison of basic system structures of heat and
power supply 180
Table 7.1: Identification of technological changes 218
Table 7.2: Identification of exogenous changes 219
Table 7.3: Identification of technological structures 220
Table 7.4: Identification of economic structures 221
Table 7.5: Identification of information structures 221
Table 7.6: Indicators and measurement of political structures 222
Table 7.7: Identification of technology users 223
Table 7.8: Identification of technology suppliers 224
Table 7.9: Identification of policy makers 225
Table 7.10: Identification of major events 225
Table 7.11: Identification of decisions 226
Table 7.12: Identification of interactions 227
Table 7.13: Identification of decision making processes 228
Table 8.1: Improvements of technical characteristics of CHP
and their approximate timing in the UK 244
Table 8.2: Needs for and expectations of future technical
developments of CHP in the UK 245
Table 8.3: Overview of policy programmes to promote CHP
in the UK during the Eighties and Nineties 267
Table 8.4: Main information sources of CHP users in the UK 279
Table 9.1: Improvements of technical characteristics of CHP
and their approximate timing in Germany 304
Table 9.2: Needs for and expectations of future technical
developments of CHP in Germany 305
Table 9.3: Overview of the main policy programmes to promote
CHP in Germany during the Eighties and Nineties 329
Table 9.4: Main information sources of CHP users in Germany 341
|
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| author | Weber, Karl Matthias 1966- |
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| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)231839758 (DE-599)BVBBV012498224 |
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| dewey-ones | 333 - Economics of land and energy |
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| discipline | Wirtschaftswissenschaften |
| format | Thesis Book |
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| genre | (DE-588)4113937-9 Hochschulschrift gnd-content |
| genre_facet | Hochschulschrift |
| geographic | Deutschland Großbritannien Deutschland (DE-588)4011882-4 gnd Großbritannien (DE-588)4022153-2 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Deutschland Großbritannien |
| id | DE-604.BV012498224 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T18:28:41Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 3790812056 |
| language | German |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-008485419 |
| oclc_num | 231839758 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 DE-521 DE-634 DE-188 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 DE-521 DE-634 DE-188 |
| physical | XXII, 485 S. Ill. |
| publishDate | 1999 |
| publishDateSearch | 1999 |
| publishDateSort | 1999 |
| publisher | Physica-Verl. |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | Contributions to economics |
| spelling | Weber, Karl Matthias 1966- Verfasser (DE-588)121175413 aut Innovation diffusion and political control of energy technologies a comparison of combined heat and power generation in the UK and Germany ; with 42 tables Karl Matthias Weber Heidelberg ; New York Physica-Verl. 1999 XXII, 485 S. Ill. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Contributions to economics Zugl.: Stuttgart, Univ., Diss., 1998 Politik Cogeneration of electric power and heat -- Government policy -- Great Britain Cogeneration of electric power and heat -- Government policy -- Germany Diffusion of innovations -- Economic aspects -- Great Britain Diffusion of innovations -- Economic aspects -- Germany Energiepolitik (DE-588)4014715-0 gnd rswk-swf Energiewirtschaft (DE-588)4014743-5 gnd rswk-swf Technische Innovation (DE-588)4431027-4 gnd rswk-swf Technologiepolitik (DE-588)4184587-0 gnd rswk-swf Technischer Fortschritt (DE-588)4059252-2 gnd rswk-swf Deutschland Großbritannien Deutschland (DE-588)4011882-4 gnd rswk-swf Großbritannien (DE-588)4022153-2 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4113937-9 Hochschulschrift gnd-content Technischer Fortschritt (DE-588)4059252-2 s Technologiepolitik (DE-588)4184587-0 s DE-604 Deutschland (DE-588)4011882-4 g Energiewirtschaft (DE-588)4014743-5 s Technische Innovation (DE-588)4431027-4 s Energiepolitik (DE-588)4014715-0 s Großbritannien (DE-588)4022153-2 g HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=008485419&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Weber, Karl Matthias 1966- Innovation diffusion and political control of energy technologies a comparison of combined heat and power generation in the UK and Germany ; with 42 tables Politik Cogeneration of electric power and heat -- Government policy -- Great Britain Cogeneration of electric power and heat -- Government policy -- Germany Diffusion of innovations -- Economic aspects -- Great Britain Diffusion of innovations -- Economic aspects -- Germany Energiepolitik (DE-588)4014715-0 gnd Energiewirtschaft (DE-588)4014743-5 gnd Technische Innovation (DE-588)4431027-4 gnd Technologiepolitik (DE-588)4184587-0 gnd Technischer Fortschritt (DE-588)4059252-2 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4014715-0 (DE-588)4014743-5 (DE-588)4431027-4 (DE-588)4184587-0 (DE-588)4059252-2 (DE-588)4011882-4 (DE-588)4022153-2 (DE-588)4113937-9 |
| title | Innovation diffusion and political control of energy technologies a comparison of combined heat and power generation in the UK and Germany ; with 42 tables |
| title_auth | Innovation diffusion and political control of energy technologies a comparison of combined heat and power generation in the UK and Germany ; with 42 tables |
| title_exact_search | Innovation diffusion and political control of energy technologies a comparison of combined heat and power generation in the UK and Germany ; with 42 tables |
| title_full | Innovation diffusion and political control of energy technologies a comparison of combined heat and power generation in the UK and Germany ; with 42 tables Karl Matthias Weber |
| title_fullStr | Innovation diffusion and political control of energy technologies a comparison of combined heat and power generation in the UK and Germany ; with 42 tables Karl Matthias Weber |
| title_full_unstemmed | Innovation diffusion and political control of energy technologies a comparison of combined heat and power generation in the UK and Germany ; with 42 tables Karl Matthias Weber |
| title_short | Innovation diffusion and political control of energy technologies |
| title_sort | innovation diffusion and political control of energy technologies a comparison of combined heat and power generation in the uk and germany with 42 tables |
| title_sub | a comparison of combined heat and power generation in the UK and Germany ; with 42 tables |
| topic | Politik Cogeneration of electric power and heat -- Government policy -- Great Britain Cogeneration of electric power and heat -- Government policy -- Germany Diffusion of innovations -- Economic aspects -- Great Britain Diffusion of innovations -- Economic aspects -- Germany Energiepolitik (DE-588)4014715-0 gnd Energiewirtschaft (DE-588)4014743-5 gnd Technische Innovation (DE-588)4431027-4 gnd Technologiepolitik (DE-588)4184587-0 gnd Technischer Fortschritt (DE-588)4059252-2 gnd |
| topic_facet | Politik Cogeneration of electric power and heat -- Government policy -- Great Britain Cogeneration of electric power and heat -- Government policy -- Germany Diffusion of innovations -- Economic aspects -- Great Britain Diffusion of innovations -- Economic aspects -- Germany Energiepolitik Energiewirtschaft Technische Innovation Technologiepolitik Technischer Fortschritt Deutschland Großbritannien Hochschulschrift |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=008485419&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT weberkarlmatthias innovationdiffusionandpoliticalcontrolofenergytechnologiesacomparisonofcombinedheatandpowergenerationintheukandgermanywith42tables |