Acute hospital care:
Gespeichert in:
Format: | Buch |
---|---|
Sprache: | English |
Veröffentlicht: |
Philadelphia [u.a.]
Saunders
1998
|
Schriftenreihe: | Clinics in geriatric medicine
14,4 |
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
Beschreibung: | Enth. außerdem: Cumulative index für Vol. 14. 1998 |
Beschreibung: | XII S., S. 669 - 877 Ill., graph. Darst. |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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adam_text | ACUTE HOSPITAL CARE
CONTENTS
Preface xi
Robert M. Palmer, MD, MPH
Functional Decline Associated with Hospitalization
for Acute Illness 669
Mark A. Sager and Mark A. Rudberg
Functional change as a result of hospitalization is common, dy¬
namic, and costly in both economic and human terms. It, however,
is not an inevitable outcome of illness and aging. Older persons
are substantial users of hospital care, and yet providers subject
them to hospital practices that are more appropriate for younger
patients. The information presented in this article suggests that our
knowledge base regarding functional decline associated with hos¬
pitalization now allows us to identify high risk patients and inter¬
vene both during and after hospitalization in order to maintain
patient functioning.
Prevention of Iatrogenic Illness: Adverse Drug Reactions
and Nosocomial Infections in Hospitalized Older Adults 681
Jennifer L. Riedinger and Laurence J. Robbins
Adverse drug reactions and nosocomial infections are two impor¬
tant aspects of iatrogenesis in hospitalized older adults. Adverse
drug reactions are related to changes in pharmacodynamics and
pharmacokinetics that occur with aging as well as polypharmacy.
Strategies for limiting iatrogenesis due to medications are dis¬
cussed. Nosocomial infections continue to complicate older inpa
tients care despite advances in understanding and treating
institutional infections. In particular, urinary tract infections, no¬
socomial pneumonias, and Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea
are potentially preventable.
Immobility and Falls 699
Jane E. Mahoney
Immobility is a common problem for hospitalized older adults. Ex¬
cessive bed rest results in multiple adverse physiologic conse
CLINICS IN GERIATRIC MEDICINE
VOLUME 14 • NUMBER 4 • NOVEMBER 1998 V
quences and may contribute to functional decline and increased
risk for falls in the hospital setting. About 2% of hospitalized older
adults fall during hospitalization. Risk factors for in hospital falls
includes cognitive impairment, mobility impairment, specific di¬
agnoses, multiple comorbidities, and psychotropic medications.
Appropriate actions to prevent immobility and falls include in¬
creasing exercise and activity levels, improving the hospital envi¬
ronment, and decreasing the use of psychotropic medications. Bed
alarms and increased supervision for high risk patients also may
help prevent falls.
Physical Restraints in the Acute Care Setting:
Issues and Future Direction 727
J. Dermot Frengley and Lorraine C. Mion
The pattern and prevalence of physical restraint in hospital settings
have changed over the past decade. The challenge to health pro¬
fessionals who wish to reduce or eliminate the use of restraints
includes clinical, ethical, and legal concerns. Factors that influence
health care providers decisions regarding whether to use physical
restraints include organizational characteristics and systems of
care, environmental characteristics, and specific clinical guidelines
or protocols, as well as individual patient characteristics. To reduce
the incidence of physical restraint, hospital professionals need to
develop and test feasible alternative practices using an interdisci¬
plinary approach that addresses organizational, environmental,
and patient specific factors.
Delirium in Hospitalized Older Patients 745
Sharon K. Inouye
Delirium is a common, serious problem for hospitalized older pa¬
tients. Recognition of delirium poses challenges requiring cognitive
assessment and knowledge of the clinical course. Delirium often is
of multiple causes and is associated with a poor long term prog¬
nosis. Nonpharmacologic approaches for delirium management are
recommended; pharmacologic management should be reserved for
patients who pose a danger to themselves or others. Importantly,
delirium and its complications may be preventable through a tar¬
geted risk factor approach.
Depression 765
David A. Beck, Harold G. Koenig, and Jill S. Beck
Depression occurs in up to 45% of medically hospitalized older
patients. The diagnosis of depression in this population is particu¬
larly difficult. Assessing for depression is made easier by the use
of scales for screening and is best accomplished using the inclusive
approach. These depressions can be divided into two groups: re¬
active depression and major depression. Depression is treatable
Vi CONTENTS
using a variety of modalities that include psychotherapy, phar
macotherapy, and electroconvulsive therapy.
Interdisciplinary Care 787
Denise Kresevic and Carolyn Holder
The interdisciplinary team process of care combines the principles
of geriatric assessment with guidelines for optimal medical and
nursing care of patients in an interdisciplinary environment. Strong
evidence suggests that this method of care can help prevent func¬
tional decline, restore function, and provide efficient and coordi¬
nated continuity of care for older patients who are hospitalized for
acute medical illness. The loss of functional independence is not an
inevitable consequence of acute illness and hospitalization among
older patients.
Transitional Care: Hospital to Home 799
William J. Hall and Roger O. Oskvig
Contemporary acute hospital care of older adults must include spe¬
cial attention to the transitional, or peridischarge, phase of hospi¬
talization. This article reviews the evidence from outcomes data
and economic factors that demonstrate that precise transitional
planning is a critical element in the care of older hospitalized
adults. Some of the promising initiatives being explored around
the country are reviewed.
Patient Values: The Guide to Medical Decision Making 813
Donna L. Miller and Leela R. Bolla
Physicians are increasingly challenged by issues surrounding
medical decision making for hospitalized patients. Advance direc¬
tives express a patient s preferences regarding end of life care;
when available, they should be used to guide medical treatment.
Patients who lack decision making capacity require special consid¬
eration to ensure maximal patient participation with appropriate
surrogate involvement. An ethics committee consultation may be
especially helpful to resolve conflicts that may arise regarding
medical treatments. Physicians play a vital role in promoting ear¬
lier patient physician discussions about end of life care prefer¬
ences, increased completion of advance directives, and ongoing
education for physicians to improve communication skills.
Clinical Intervention Trials: The ACE Unit 831
Robert M. Palmer, Steven Counsell, and C. Seth Landefeld
The loss of independent self care by older patients during hospi¬
talization for an acute illness can be modified by specific interven¬
tions. Acute care geriatric units appear to be the most effective
CONTENTS vii
intervention, but geriatric consultation on specific units, compre¬
hensive discharge planning, and nutritional support also appear to
have beneficial effects on clinical outcomes of hospitalization.
These studies highlight the potential of geriatricians, in the setting
of interdisciplinary care, to improve the process of patient care and
to serve as directors of medical units that focus on management of
acutely ill older patients.
Future Directions: Alternative Approaches to Traditional
Hospital Care—Home Hospital 851
Bruce Leff and John R. Burton
The acute hospital may be a difficult environment for many older
patients and is an expensive site of care for payers. Home hospital
is an emerging model of care that allows an older person with acute
medical illness to avoid an inpatient hospital admission by bring¬
ing the critical elements of hospital care to the home. Challenges
associated with the development and study of home hospitals as
well as several specific home hospital models are reviewed. The
need for continued study and the potential of home hospital are
discussed.
Cumulative Index 1998 863
Subscription Information Inside back cover
Viii CONTENTS
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spelling | Acute hospital care Robert M. Palmer, guest ed. Philadelphia [u.a.] Saunders 1998 XII S., S. 669 - 877 Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Clinics in geriatric medicine 14,4 Enth. außerdem: Cumulative index für Vol. 14. 1998 Hospitalisation Maladie aigüe - Sujet agé Services de gériatrie Évaluation gériatrique Acute Disease Aged Geriatric Assessment Geriatrics Health Services for the Aged Hospitalization Older people Health and hygiene Stationäre Behandlung (DE-588)4182947-5 gnd rswk-swf Alter (DE-588)4001446-0 gnd rswk-swf Komplikation (DE-588)4123547-2 gnd rswk-swf Gesundheitsgefährdung (DE-588)4071808-6 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Alter (DE-588)4001446-0 s Stationäre Behandlung (DE-588)4182947-5 s Komplikation (DE-588)4123547-2 s DE-604 Gesundheitsgefährdung (DE-588)4071808-6 s Palmer, Robert 1915-2010 Sonstige (DE-588)118877542 oth Clinics in geriatric medicine 14,4 (DE-604)BV000019839 14,4 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=008359492&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
spellingShingle | Acute hospital care Clinics in geriatric medicine Hospitalisation Maladie aigüe - Sujet agé Services de gériatrie Évaluation gériatrique Acute Disease Aged Geriatric Assessment Geriatrics Health Services for the Aged Hospitalization Older people Health and hygiene Stationäre Behandlung (DE-588)4182947-5 gnd Alter (DE-588)4001446-0 gnd Komplikation (DE-588)4123547-2 gnd Gesundheitsgefährdung (DE-588)4071808-6 gnd |
subject_GND | (DE-588)4182947-5 (DE-588)4001446-0 (DE-588)4123547-2 (DE-588)4071808-6 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
title | Acute hospital care |
title_auth | Acute hospital care |
title_exact_search | Acute hospital care |
title_full | Acute hospital care Robert M. Palmer, guest ed. |
title_fullStr | Acute hospital care Robert M. Palmer, guest ed. |
title_full_unstemmed | Acute hospital care Robert M. Palmer, guest ed. |
title_short | Acute hospital care |
title_sort | acute hospital care |
topic | Hospitalisation Maladie aigüe - Sujet agé Services de gériatrie Évaluation gériatrique Acute Disease Aged Geriatric Assessment Geriatrics Health Services for the Aged Hospitalization Older people Health and hygiene Stationäre Behandlung (DE-588)4182947-5 gnd Alter (DE-588)4001446-0 gnd Komplikation (DE-588)4123547-2 gnd Gesundheitsgefährdung (DE-588)4071808-6 gnd |
topic_facet | Hospitalisation Maladie aigüe - Sujet agé Services de gériatrie Évaluation gériatrique Acute Disease Aged Geriatric Assessment Geriatrics Health Services for the Aged Hospitalization Older people Health and hygiene Stationäre Behandlung Alter Komplikation Gesundheitsgefährdung Aufsatzsammlung |
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