An interdependency model of homelessness: the dynamics of social disintegration
Saved in:
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Lewiston [u.a.]
Mellen
1998
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XXI, 409 S. graph. Darst., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 0773482881 |
Staff View
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Record in the Search Index
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| adam_text | Contents
Figures x
Tables xii
Foreword by Robert A. Dorwart xxv
Preface xvii
Acknowledgments xx
I. INTRODUCTION 1
Theories of Homelessness: An Overview .. f 5
A Social Interdependency Model 13
Plan of the Book 18
IL THE DIMENSIONS AND CONTEXT OF HOMELESSNESS . 21
Counting the Homeless 22
The Geographic Distribution 36
Subgroups of the Homeless 39
Patterns of Homelessness 49
Tests of the Demographic Model 58
HL THE DISABILITY HYPOTHESIS 63
Poor Education as a Social Disability 64
Marginal Employment Histories 67
Mental Illness 70
Alcohol and Drug Abuse 88
Physical Health Problems 93
Criminal Involvements 95
Multiple Disabilities 99
Disabilities as a Cause of Homelessness 102
IV. THE ROLE OF ECONOMIC RESTRUCTURING 115
Economic Restructuring 116
Impact on At Risk Populations 135
Employment Studies of Homeless Persons 144
The Causal Connection 145
An Analysis of the Role of Economic Restructuring 151
vii
V. PRIMARY SUPPORTS: FAMILY AND COMMUNITY 157
Trends in Marriage and Family 160
Overall Findings and Their Interpretation 166
Loss and Dysfiinction in the Family of Origin 172
Disengagement and Support from the Family of Procreation .... 180
Isolation from Friends 184
A Test of the Impact of Family Fragmentation 187
VL SECONDARY SUPPORTS: HUMAN SERVICE AND
INCOME MAINTENANCE PROGRAMS 195
The Impact of Declines in Income Maintenance Benefits 197
Mental Health Services and Deinstitutionalization 208
The Impact of Deinstitutionalization on the Homeless 221
Substance Abuse Programs 229
Other Mainstream Human Services 231
Theories on the Effects of Services 233
Services Specific to the Homeless 237
Multivariate and Structural Analyses 241
VH. HOUSING UNAFFORDABILITY: CAUSE OR SYMPTOM? . 247
The Low Income Housing Shortage 248
Causes of the Affordability Crisis 256
The Reported Housing Experience of Homeless Persons 267
Multivariate Analyses of the Impact of Housing Conditions .... 270
Structural Analysis 272
Vffl. AN INTERDEPENDENCE MODEL OF SOCIAL
DISINTEGRATION 279
Review of Methodologies Used 280
The Explanatory Model 286
The Prediction Model 292
Model Fit and Testing 297
1995 Model Projections 305
The Interdependence Model Revisited 306
K. STRATEGIES FOR ENDING HOMELESSNESS 311
A Review of Current and Proposed Strategies 312
A Linked Social Development Strategy 332
The Competency Building Component 335
The Community Building Component 339
The Linkage Component 345
Concluding Comments 347
viii
APPENDICES 351
1. The Data and Research Strategy 351
The Unit of Analysis 354
Dependent Variables 355
Predictor Variables 373
Data Analysis 375
Limitations 380
2. Statistics on Goodness of Fit Indices for Structural Models .... 381
3. Nonlinear Relationships of Service Indicators with
Rates of Homelessness 383
REFERENCES 386
INDEX 401
ix
Figures
1 1 An Interdependency Model of Social Conditions
Predictive of Levels of Homelessness 18
2 1 Levels of Poverty, By Proportion of Population Urbanized 32
2 2 Rate of Homelessness, By Degree of Urbanization, 1990 33
2 3 Movement of Population Between Regions, 1985 1990 34
2 4 Map of Results of S Night Enumeration of
Homeless Persons, 1990 37
2 5 Map of Percentage of Population Living in
Extreme Poverty, 1990 38
3 1 Disability Levels, By Education and Gender, 1988 104
3 2 Relationship Between Disability and High School
Graduation,County Level Data 106
3 3 Mean Rates of Homelessness, By Levels of
Disability and Education 107
4 1 Homelessness, By Changes in Manufacturing
and Services Employment 128
5 1 Rates of Homelessness, By Family Size and Persons in Families .. 188
5 1 Rates of Homelessness, By Proportion of One Person
Households 189
6 1 Homelessness, Plotted Against Key Indicators of
Income Maintenance Benefits 200
6 2 Homelessness, Plotted Against Changes
in Income Maintenance Benefits 203
6 3 Resident Patients in State and County Mental
Hospitals, 1831 1990 209
6 4 Trends in Psychiatric Hospitals, PubHc and Private 211
6 5 Deinstitutionalization State and County, U.S. Totals,
1950 1990 213
6 6 Trends in Outpatient and Day Programs, 1969 1988 215
6 7 Homelessness in 1990, Plotted Against Selected
Mental Health Variables 228
6 8 Homelessness, Plotted Against Levels of
Alcohol and Drug Abuse Treatment 231
7 1 Rates of Homelessness, By Region and
Low Income Housing Affordability 251
7 2 Rates of Homelessness, By Urbanization and
Low Income Housing Affordability 252
7 3 Rates of Homelessness, By 1980 1990 Changes in
Housing Availability and Affordability 255
7 4 Impact of Availability of Board and Care on
Homelessness, By Urbanization 314
X
7 5 Impact of Section 8 Program on Homeless Rates 261
7 6 Impact of Presence and Length of Rent
Control on Homeless Rates 263
7 7 Impact of Rent Control on Homelessness,
Controlling for Housing Affordability 264
7 8 Overview of the Impact of Housing Conditions on Homelessness 278
8 1 Census Homeless Rate, Plotted Against Enumeration Sites 284
8 2 Explanatory Model of Homelessness in U.S. Counties,
Based on Extended Group of Predictors 287
8 3 Variation in Homeless Rates Due to Alternative Conditions 288
8 4 The Prediction Model of Homelessness 293
8 5 Map of Standardized Residuals of 1990
Model Predicted Rates with Census Rates 302
8 6 Map of Model Adjusted Rates of Homelessness, 1990 303
8 7 Map of Model Projected Homeless Rates for 1995 304
xi
Tables
2 1 Overview of Levels of Income Poverty and Homelessness, 1990 . 26
2 2 Relationship of Concentrations of Extreme Poverty With
Doubled Up Households and Homelessness 29
2 3 Percentage of Homeless Persons in Selected Groups,
By Type of Site 40
2 4 Rates of Homelessness for Selected Groups, By Type of She 41
2 5 Rates of Homelessness for Selected Groups,
By Level of Urbanization 43
2 6 The Impact of Population and Aging Trends on Individual
Poverty and Homelessness: 1980 1990 48
2 7 Effects of Demographic Conditions on Homeless Rates 61
3 1 Summary of Findings on Educational Levels of Homeless
From Selected Studies 65
3 2 Educational Levels of Homeless, Compared with Those of
General Population, By Level of Homelessness 66
3 3 Rates of Prior Hosphalization of Homeless, From the 1980s 73
3 4 Summary of Diagnostic Studies of Homeless Individuals 79
3 5 Preliminary Regression of Rates of Homelessness, on
Indicators of Education and Disability, Without
Measurement Error Included 109
3 6 Effects of Indicators of Disability on Homeless Rates Ill
4 1 Level and Change of Manufacturing Employment,
By Region and Urbanization, 1989 120
4 2 The Relative Distribution of U. S. Population, By Changes in
Manufacturing and Service Sector Employment, 79 89 122
4 3 Level and Change of Service Sector Employment,
By Region and Urbanization, 1989 124
4 4 Zero order Correlations Between Indicators of
Deindustrialization and Servicetization 125
4 5 Differential Rates of Populations At Risk of Homelessness,
By Levels of Deindustrialization and Servicetization 143
4 6 Rates of Homelessness, Regressed on Indicators of
Economic Opportunity 152
4 7 Effects of Economic Opportunity on Homeless Rates 156
5 1 Indicators of Family Formation and Size,
By Region and Urbanization, 1990 164
5 2 Indicators of Family Fragmentation,
By Region and Urbanization, 1990 165
5 3 Rates of Homelessness, Regressed on Indicators of Family
Structure and Fragmentation 191
xii
5 4 Effects of Indicators of Family Fragmentation on Homeless Rates 193
6 1 Impact of Level of Restrictiveness of State Commitment Laws
on Deinstitutionalization and Levels of Mental Hospitalization ... 220
6 2 Rates of Homelessness, Regressed on Indicators of
Income Maintenance and Human Service Coverage 242
6 3 Effect of Selected Secondary Supports on Homeless Rates 244
7 1 Zero order Correlations of Homelessness, with Selected
Indicators of Housing Availability and Affordability 249
7 2 Regression of Mean Rent to Income Ratio for
Families Under ,000 Income, on Selected Predictors 266
7 3 Effect of Extended Group of Housing Predictors on
Homeless Rates 273
7 4 Effect of Reduced Group of Housing Conditions on
Homeless Rates 277
8 1 Regression Coefficients for Predictors of Explanatory Model .... 282
8 2 Comparison of Census, Independent, and Model Estimates
of Homeless Populations in Selected Jurisdictions 290
8 3 WLS Regression Coefficients and Goodness of Fit
Indices for The Prediction Model 299
8 4 Comparison of Census, Model, and Adjusted Model Rates
of Homelessness, By Region and Urbanization 301
Al 1 Comparison of 1990 Census and Independent Counts of
Shelter Beds in Selected Cities with More than 100,000
Population, 1990 358
Al 2 Meta analysis of Results, Monitoring Studies of 1990
U.S. Census Street Counts in Selected Cities 362
Al 3 Characteristics of S Night Enumeration and Their
Zero order Correlations with Homeless Rates 364
Al 4 Means and Standard Deviations of Selected Predictor
Variables and Their Zero Order Correlations with
Homeless Rate 367
A2 1 Goodness of Fit Indicators for Each Sub Model, In Isolation ... 381
A2 2 Goodness of Fit Indicators for Each Sub Model,
Controlling for Effects of Preceding Models 382
A3 1 Homelessness and Indicators of Income Maintenance
Benefits: Nonlinear Regression Statistics 383
A3 2 Homelessness and Indicators of Deinstitutionalization of
Mental Health Services: Nonlinear Regression Statistics 384
A3 3 Homelessness and Other Human Services: Nonlinear
Regression Statistics 385
xiii
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| spelling | Hudson, Christopher G. Verfasser aut An interdependency model of homelessness the dynamics of social disintegration Christopher G. Hudson Lewiston [u.a.] Mellen 1998 XXI, 409 S. graph. Darst., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Sans-abri - États-Unis Homeless persons United States Homelessness United States Obdachlosigkeit (DE-588)4042870-9 gnd rswk-swf Soziale Situation (DE-588)4077575-6 gnd rswk-swf États-Unis - Conditions sociales USA United States Social conditions USA (DE-588)4078704-7 gnd rswk-swf USA (DE-588)4078704-7 g Obdachlosigkeit (DE-588)4042870-9 s Soziale Situation (DE-588)4077575-6 s DE-604 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=008359351&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Hudson, Christopher G. An interdependency model of homelessness the dynamics of social disintegration Sans-abri - États-Unis Homeless persons United States Homelessness United States Obdachlosigkeit (DE-588)4042870-9 gnd Soziale Situation (DE-588)4077575-6 gnd |
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| title | An interdependency model of homelessness the dynamics of social disintegration |
| title_auth | An interdependency model of homelessness the dynamics of social disintegration |
| title_exact_search | An interdependency model of homelessness the dynamics of social disintegration |
| title_full | An interdependency model of homelessness the dynamics of social disintegration Christopher G. Hudson |
| title_fullStr | An interdependency model of homelessness the dynamics of social disintegration Christopher G. Hudson |
| title_full_unstemmed | An interdependency model of homelessness the dynamics of social disintegration Christopher G. Hudson |
| title_short | An interdependency model of homelessness |
| title_sort | an interdependency model of homelessness the dynamics of social disintegration |
| title_sub | the dynamics of social disintegration |
| topic | Sans-abri - États-Unis Homeless persons United States Homelessness United States Obdachlosigkeit (DE-588)4042870-9 gnd Soziale Situation (DE-588)4077575-6 gnd |
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