Urinary tract infections:
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| Other Authors: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
London [u.a.]
Chapman & Hall Medical
1998
|
| Edition: | 1. ed. |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XVIII, 350 Seiten Illustrationen |
| ISBN: | 0412630508 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Urinary tract infections |c edited by William Brumfitt ... |
| 250 | |a 1. ed. | ||
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| 650 | 4 | |a Urinary tract infections | |
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Record in the Search Index
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CONTENTS
Colour plates appear between pages 110 111
List of Contributors xiii
Preface xvii
1 Laboratory methods 1
Philip J. Sanderson
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Collection of urine samples 1
1.3 Transport of specimens 2
1.4 Examination of urine for bacteria 4
1.5 Examination of urine for leukocytes, erythrocytes and epithelial cells 6
1.6 Identification of isolates 7
1.7 Testing for antibiotic susceptibilities 7
1.8 Interpreting laboratory reports of urinary infection 7
1.9 Screening methods 10
1.10 Laboratory diagnosis of tuberculosis of the renal tract 11
1.11 Laboratory diagnosis of site of infection 12
1.12 Mechanization and automation 13
1.13 Future trends 13
References 14
2 Pathology of urinary tract infections 17
C. Edward M. Blomjous and Chris J. L. M. Meijer
2.1 Kidney 17
2.2 Ureter 24
2.3 Urinary bladder 25
2.4 Urethra 29
2.5 Prostate 31
2.6 Epididymis 33
References 34
3 The virulence of Escherichia coli in the urinary tract 37
Robert Steadman and Nicholas Topley
3.1 Introduction 37
3.2 Candidate virulence factors 39
3.3 Clinical relevance of virulence factors 47
3.4 Conclusions 53
References 53
4 Pathogens other than Escherichia coli as aetiological agents in urinary tract infection 59
Jeremy M. T. Hamilton Miller
4.1 Introduction 59
4.2 Bacteria other than Esch. coli as urinary pathogens 61
4.3 Discussion 71
References 71
]
viii CONTENTS ]
5 Virulence factors of Proteus
David M. MacLaren
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Factors considered to influence virulence of Proteus spp. 75
5.3 Summary
References 84
6 Host parasite interaction in urinary tract infection 87
Catharina Svanborg and Ulfjodal
6.1 Introduction 87
6.2 Pathogenesis of UTI: a summary 87
6.3 Virulence factors °°
6.4 Mechanisms of host resistance 91
6.5 New approaches to diagnosis 95
References 95
7 Cellular defence mechanisms in pyelonephritis 99
Thomas E. Miller, James W. Smith, Douglas J. Ormrod andjillian Cornish
7.1 Introduction 99
7.2 Morphology of the local cellular response in experimental pyelonephritis 99
7.3 Cellular defence against localized renal infection 100
7.4 Immunopathology of tissue damage 106
7.5 Renal parenchymal scarring 108
References 108
8 Microbial biofilms and urinary tract infections 111
Gregor Reid, Henny C. van der Met and Henk J. Busscher
8.1 Introduction 111
8.2 Biofilm formation 111
8.3 Substratum surface properties and conditioning films 112
8.4 Biosurfactant release in biofilms 113
8.5 Metabolic aspects and co adhesion 113
8.6 Hypothesis: initial events influence the final structure and composition of the mature biofilm 114
8.7 Biofilms specifically in relation to urinary tract infections 114
8.8 Summary 115
Acknowledgements 115
References 115
9 Imaging in the investigation of urinary tract infections 117
Judith A. W. Webb
9.1 Introduction 117
9.2 Imaging methods 117
9.3 Urinary tract infection in children 119
9.4 Adult urinary tract infection 126
References 133
CONTENTS ix
10 Epidemiological issues in the study of urinary tract infections 135
William Brumfitt and Jeremy M. T. Hamilton Miller
10.1 Introduction 135
10.2 Definition of urinary tract infection 135
10.3 The general population 139
10.4 Acute care hospitals 141
10.5 Long term care institutions 143
10.6 The domiciliary situation 143
References 144
11 The urethral syndrome 147
William Brumfitt
11.1 Anatomy of the urethra 147
11.2 Nomenclature 147
11.3 The urethral syndrome in the general population 147
11.4 Aetiology of the urethral syndrome 148
11.5 Management of the urethral syndrome 151
References 153
12 Urinary tract infections in family practice 155
Benjamin I. Davies
12.1 Introduction 155
12.2 The prevalence and presentation of urinary infection in family practice 155
12.3 Establishing the diagnosis of urinary infection in family practice 159
12.4 The management of urinary infection in family practice 165
12.5 Conclusion 170
References 171
13 Urinary tract infections in childhood 175
Kjell Tullus and Jan Winberg
13.1 General introduction 175
13.2 Historical perspective 175
13.3 Clinical classification 175
13.4 Epidemiology 176
13.5 Initiation of infection: aetiology, pathogenesis and predisposing factors 178
13.6 Symptomatology and findings in relation to sex, age and presence of obstruction 180
13.7 Diagnostic procedures 181
13.8 Localizing studies 183
13.9 Diagnostic imaging 183
13.10 Vesico ureteric reflux (VUR) and intrarenal reflux (IRR) 186
13.11 Management: assessment, therapy and follow up 188
13.12 Long term consequences of UTI 192
References 194
14 Asymptomatic bacteriuria during pregnancy 199
Larry C. Gilstrap III and Peggy J. Whalley
14 A Introduction 199
14.2 Incidence and epidemiology 199
14.3 Aetiology 200
14.4 Diagnosis and screening 200
X CONTENTS
14.5 Treatment 203
14.6 Adverse effects of bacteriuria during pregnancy 205
14.7 Long term follow up 207
14.8 Summary 207
References 207
15 Urinary tract infection in the compromised host 211
Nina E. Tolkoff Rubin and Robert H. Rubin
15.1 Introduction 211
15.2 Host defences against UTI 211
15.3 UTI in specific conditions with impaired host defences 213
15.4 Therapy of UTI in the compromised host 215
15.5 Summary 216
References 216
16 Prostatitis: diagnosis, aetiology and management 217
Edwin M. Meares Jr
16.1 Historical introduction 217
16.2 Specific types of prostatitis 217
16.3 Epidemiology 218
16.4 Aetiology and pathogenesis 218
16.5 Differential diagnosis 219
16.6 Pharmacokinetics in patients with bacterial prostatitis 222
16.7 Acute bacterial prostatitis 223
16.8 Prostatic abscess 224
16.9 Chronic bacterial prostatitis 224
16.10 Non bacterial prostatitis and prostatodynia 226
References 227
17 Urinary infections in the elderly 229
Samarendra L. Choudhuty and John C. Brockleburst
17.1 Introduction 229
17.2 Epidemiology 229
17.3 Why bacteriuria is so common in the elderly 230
17.4 Clinical presentation 232
17.5 Diagnosis 233
17.6 Management 235
17.7 Asymptomatic bacteriuria in the elderly 240
17.8 Possible long term effects of bacteriuria in the elderly 240
17.9 Turnover of bacteriuria in the elderly 240
17.10 Indwelling urinary catheter and bacteriuria in the elderly 240
References 241
18 Techniques of localization of urinary tract infection 245
Kenneth E Fairley and Judith A. Whitworth
18.1 Introduction 245
18.2 Symptoms and signs 245
18.3 Urine microscopy 245
18.4 Bacteriological techniques 245
c:ontf.nts xi
18.5 Nature of the infecting pathogen 246
18.6 Indirect methods 247
18.7 Single dose therapy and site of infection 248
18.8 Urethritis and prostatitis 249
18.9 Clinical value of localization of UTI 249
18.10 Evaluation of antimicrobial agents in UTI 249
References 249
19 Overview of therapy of acute urinary tract infections 251
James R. Johnson and Walter E. Stamm
19.1 Introduction 251
19.2 Fundamental considerations in UTI therapy 251
19.3 Therapy of UTI in specific clinical settings 258
19.4 Summary 262
Acknowledgements 262
References 262
20 Cost effectiveness and the management of uncomplicated urinary tract infections 265
Ross R. Bailey
20.1 Introduction 265
20.2 General principles 265
20.3 Determining the duration of treatment 265
20.4 Localization of the site of infection 266
20.5 Treatment of bacterial cystitis and covert bacteriuria 266
20.6 Questions posed by SDT 269
20.7 Cost benefit considerations in the management of cystitis in sexually active women 270
20.8 Treatment of uncomplicated acute pyelonephritis 272
20.9 Urinary tract investigations 274
20.10 Special treatment problems 275
20.11 Follow up 276
20.12 Conclusions 276
References 276
21 Acute pyelonephritis 281
Priscilla Kincaid Smith
21.1 Introduction 281
21.2 Definition 281
21.3 Prevalence 281
21.4 Age and sex in acute pyelonephritis 281
21.5 Clinical features 282
21.6 Renal localization and renal parenchymal involvement 283
21.7 The type of organism that causes renal parenchymal infection 284
21.8 Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis 285
21.9 Lesions that predispose to urinary tract infection 285
21.10 Polycystic disease 286
21.11 Urinary findings 286
21.12 Renal function tests in acute pyelonephritis 286
21.13 Renal imaging 287
21.14 Treatment of acute pyelonephritis 288
21.15 Conclusions 290
References 290
xii CONTENTS
22 Recurrent urinary infection and its prevention 293
Lindsay E. Nicolle and Allan R. Ronald
22.1 Definitions 293
22.2 Epidemiology 293
22.3 Diagnosis 294
22.4 Investigation 29*
22.5 Treatment 295
22.6 Long term therapy 29(
22.7 Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis and malacoplakia 299
References 2"
23 Catheter care 303
John W. Pearman
23.1 Introduction 303
23.2 Reduction of catheterization 303
23.3 Types of urethral catheter 305
23.4 Types of catheterization 305
23.5 Catheter insertion 306
23.6 Hand washing 306
23.7 Aseptic in out urethral catheterization 306
23.8 Clean self in out catheterization 307
23.9 Indwelling urethral catheters 307
23.10 Management of fever in patients with indwelling catheters 312
23.11 Special procedures for temporary indwelling urethral catheters 312
23.12 Special procedures for long term indwelling urethral catheters 313
23.13 Percutaneous catheters 313
23.14 Further reading 314
Acknowledgements 314
References 314
24 Surgical management of urinary tract infections 317
Robert J. Morgan
24.1 Introduction 317
24.2 General principles 317
24.3 Methods of assessment 318
24.4 Congenital problems 320
24.5 The management of specific conditions associated with urinary infection 325
References 330
25 Pharmacokinetics of antibacterial agents used in the treatment of urinary tract infections 333
Axel Dalhoff
25.1 Introduction 333
25.2 Penicillins 333
25.3 Cephalosporins 335
25.4 Aminoglycosides 338
25.5 Combinations of trimethoprim or tetroxoprim with a sulphonamide 338
25.6 Nitrofurans 340
25.7 Fluoroquinolones 340
References 341
Index 343 |
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| indexdate | 2024-10-23T16:00:39Z |
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| language | English |
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| spelling | Urinary tract infections edited by William Brumfitt ... 1. ed. London [u.a.] Chapman & Hall Medical 1998 XVIII, 350 Seiten Illustrationen txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Urinary Tract Infections Urinary tract infections Urogenitalsystem (DE-588)4132474-2 gnd rswk-swf Infektionskrankheit (DE-588)4026879-2 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Urogenitalsystem (DE-588)4132474-2 s Infektionskrankheit (DE-588)4026879-2 s DE-604 Brumfitt, William 1929-2020 (DE-588)171993071 edt HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=008280334&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Urinary tract infections Urinary Tract Infections Urinary tract infections Urogenitalsystem (DE-588)4132474-2 gnd Infektionskrankheit (DE-588)4026879-2 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4132474-2 (DE-588)4026879-2 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
| title | Urinary tract infections |
| title_auth | Urinary tract infections |
| title_exact_search | Urinary tract infections |
| title_full | Urinary tract infections edited by William Brumfitt ... |
| title_fullStr | Urinary tract infections edited by William Brumfitt ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | Urinary tract infections edited by William Brumfitt ... |
| title_short | Urinary tract infections |
| title_sort | urinary tract infections |
| topic | Urinary Tract Infections Urinary tract infections Urogenitalsystem (DE-588)4132474-2 gnd Infektionskrankheit (DE-588)4026879-2 gnd |
| topic_facet | Urinary Tract Infections Urinary tract infections Urogenitalsystem Infektionskrankheit Aufsatzsammlung |
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