A grammar of Koyra Chiini: the Songhay of Timbuktu
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | German |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Berlin ; New York
Mouton de Gruyter
1999
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Mouton grammar library
19 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XIV, 453 S. |
| ISBN: | 3110162857 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 020 | |a 3110162857 |c Gewebe |9 3-11-016285-7 | ||
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| 100 | 1 | |a Heath, Jeffrey |d 1949- |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)12155273X |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a A grammar of Koyra Chiini |b the Songhay of Timbuktu |c Jeffrey Heath |
| 264 | 1 | |a Berlin ; New York |b Mouton de Gruyter |c 1999 | |
| 300 | |a XIV, 453 S. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 1 | |a Mouton grammar library |v 19 | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Surhai (taal) |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Songhai language |x Dialects |z Mali |z Tombouctou Region | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Songhai-Sprache |0 (DE-588)4284169-0 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Grammatik |0 (DE-588)4021806-5 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
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| 689 | 0 | 0 | |a Songhai-Sprache |0 (DE-588)4284169-0 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 1 | |a Timbuktu |0 (DE-588)4119616-8 |D g |
| 689 | 0 | 2 | |a Grammatik |0 (DE-588)4021806-5 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 830 | 0 | |a Mouton grammar library |v 19 |w (DE-604)BV000018422 |9 19 | |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung UB Regensburg |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=008223651&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| 999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-008223651 | ||
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804126750801657856 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Abbreviations
............................................................................................xiii
Map..........................................................................................................xv
1
Introduction
..............................................................................................1
1.1
Generalities about Songhay
...................................................................1
1.2
History and geography
..........................................................................2
1.3
Format of grammar
..............................................................................5
1.4
Transcriptional conventions
...................................................................6
1.5
Literature review
.................................................................................8
1.6
Acknowledgements
..............................................................................8
2
Overview
...............................................................................................11
2.1
Brief outline of typical sentence and NP structures
...................................11
2.2
Distinctive features of Koyra Chiini
......................................................15
2.3
Internal variation within Koyra Chiini
...................................................16
3
Phonology
.............................................................................................17
3.1
Consonants
......................................................................................17
3.2
Oral vowels
......................................................................................18
3.3
Diphthongs
......................................................................................18
3.3.1
Short-nucleus diphthongs
..........................................................19
3.3.2
Long-nucleus diphthongs
...........................................................21
3.4
Nasalized vowels and word-final nasal consonants
....................................21
3.4.1
Nasalized vowels
......................................................................21
3.4.2
Word-final nasal consonants
.......................................................22
3.5
Syllabification
..................................................................................23
3.5.1
General restrictions on particular consonants
.................................23
3.5.2
Syllabic shapes of pronouns and grammatical morphemes
................24
3.5.3
Syllabic shapes of monosyllabic stems
........................................25
3.5.4
Syllabic shapes of nonmonosyllabic stems and words
.....................26
3.5.5
Final long vowels in nonmonosyllabic stems.......
.........................27
3.5.6
Nonfinal long vowels in nonmonosyllabic stems
...........................27
3.5.7
Allowed and disallowed medial consonant sequences
........................27
3.5.8
Stem-initial consonant clusters
...................................................28
3.6
Consonantal assimilations and deletions
................................................29
3.6.1
Nasal point-of-articulation assimilation
........................................29
3.6.2
Liquid assimilation
...................................................................29
3.6.3
Semivowel assimilation
............................................................30
3.6.4
Palatalization of velars
..............................................................31
3.6.5
Geminate consonant simplification
..............................................31
vi
Contents
3.7
Vocalic contraction,
deletion, shortening, and lengthening
.........................31
3.7.1
Contractions involving bnperfective
о
.........................................31
3.7.2
Contractions involving object and dative pronouns
.........................32
3.7.3
Contractions involving CW stems
.............................................33
3.7.4
Contractions of vowels over an intervening semivowel
...................34
3.7.5
Contractions involving demonstrative *woo
..................................35
3.7.6
Phonology of Abstractive nominalizer -ey
....................................36
3.7.7
Syncope
.................................................................................37
3.7.8
Deletion of word-initial vowels (apheresis)
....................................37
3.7.9
Shortening of long vowels
.........................................................39
3.7.10
Lengthening of morpheme-initial vowel after CVC syllable
...........40
3.8
Minor phonological alternations
...........................................................41
3.8.1
Forms of the lSg pronoun
.........................................................41
3.8.2
Forms of the 2Sg pronoun
.........................................................42
3.8.3
Forms of-ye child as compound final
........................................43
3.8.4
Possessive wane before Definite
di
..............................................44
3.8.5
Plural yo before postpositions and other particles
...........................44
3.8.6
Verb-stem changes before derivational suffix
-adi
...........................44
3.8.7
Shortened forms of light nouns before
Rel
кая...........................
45
3.8.8
Forms of unmarked and marked third person pronouns
.....................46
3.9
Prosodies
.........................................................................................48
3.9.1
Tonology
...............................................................................48
3.9.2
Stress, incorporation (tight compounding), and cliticization
.............48
3.10
Historical phonological notes
.............................................................49
3.10.1
Word-final *b
........................................................................49
3.10.2
Word-final nasals
....................................................................50
3.10.3
Sibilants
...............................................................................50
3.10.4
Assimilation of *r, *y, *wto following consonant
.......................50
3.10.5
Palatalization of velars
............................................................51
3.10.6
Loss of final short vowel
.........................................................51
3.10.7
Shortening of original long high vowel in closed syllable
..............52
3.10.8
Stem-final *ey to oy
...............................................................53
3.10.9
Loss of *g.
............................................................................53
3.10.10
Shifts among liquids
.............................................................53
3.10.11
Loanword phonology
.............................................................54
4
Nouns, pronouns, and nominal derivation
.....................................................55
4.1
Personal pronouns
.............................................................................55
4.1.1
Person and number categories
.....................................................55
4.1.2
Plural pronoun categories
..........................................................56
4.1.3
Preference for plural over singular pronouns as possessors
...............57
4.1.4
Subject and Object forms of
pronominais
.....................................57
4.1.5
Pronominal
forms as possessors and before postpositions
................59
4.1.6
Pronominal forms preceding and following nda and, with
..............60
4.2
Demonstratives...
..............................................................................61
4.2.1
Demonstrative pronoun
.....„.......................................................61
Contents
vii
4.2.2
Frozen combinations of noun plus *woo
......................................61
4.2.3
Demonstratíve
and deictic adverbs
................................................62
4.2.4
Emphatic and Approximative modifiers of deictics
..........................63
4.3
Nominalizations
................................................................................63
4.3.1
Abstractive nominal (-ey-
-rey)
.................................................63
4.3.2
Zero-derived
nominais
and minor nominalizations
..........................65
4.3.3
Characteristic
nominais
(-koy,
-koyni,-kom).
.................................66
4.3.4
Participle and Ordinal (-nte)
........................................................69
4.3.5
Use of Infinitival ka as nominalization
........................................71
4.4
Morphology of adjectives
....................................................................71
4.4.1
Verbs of adjectival quality
..........................................................71
4.4.2
Adjectives as noun modifiers (suffix -o
orzerò)
..............................72
4.4.3
Adjectives as
NP
heads with Absolute prefix
і-
..............................73
4.5
Quantificational adjectives
...................................................................74
4.5.1
Modifying and Absolute forms of simple numerals
.........................74
4.5.2
Compound numerals
.................................................................75
4.5.3
Other quantificational modifiers
..................................................76
4.6
Nominal compounds
..........................................................................77
4.6.1
N-N (tight) and NP-N (loose) compounds
.....................................77
4.6.2
Mother and child compounds
(-ñaa,
-ije)
..................................77
4.6.3
Male and female compounds (-bar, -woy).
................................79
4.6.4
Nominais
of essential nature (-terey)
...........................................79
4.6.5
Compounds with -jegey lack of
................................................80
4.6.6
Semi-segmentable and compound kin terms
..................................80
4.6.7
Verb-noun compounds
(-¿asine,
-подди).......................................
81
4.6.8
Noun-verb compounds with verb modifying noun
..........................82
4.6.9
Archaic diminutives
..................................................................82
4.7
Reduplication of noun and adjective stems
.......................................82
5
Nominal inflection and NP syntax
..............................................................83
5.1
Overview
.........................................................................................83
5.2 Possessives......................................................................................84
5.2.1
Possessor NPs with and without wane
.........................................84
5.2.2
Recursive possession
................................................................85
5.2.3
Possessors as apparent heads of the higher NP
...............................86
5.2.4
Inalienable possession
...............................................................86
5.3
Adjectives
........................................................................................87
5.3.1
Syntax of simple adjectives
........................................................87
5.3.2
Sequences of adjectives
..............................................................87
5.4
Numerals and other quantifiers
.............................................................88
5.4.1
Simple numeral phrases
............................................................88
5.4.2
Existential quantification
...........................................................89
5.4.3
Universal quantification
(iui
all )..
.............................................89
5.4.4
Distributive reduplication of numerals
..........................................92
5.4.5
Complementary subsets ( some..., others... )
................................93
5.4.6
Generalized quantifiers ( many, much, few )
..................................94
viii Contents
5.4.7
Currency and time of day
...........................................................94
5.4.8
Quantification over pronouns
.....................................................95
5.4.9
Quantification over events
.........................................................96
5.4.10
Partitive expressions
...............................................................97
5.5
Demonstrative woo
............................................................................97
5.6
Definite
di.
.......................................................................................98
5.7
Plural jo
.........................................................................................99
5.8
Markers of discourse status
................................................................100
5.8.1
Focus (Foe
ла
andSFocijga)
..................................................100
5.8.2
Topic (Top bine, Top
ta)
.........................................................101
5.8.3
Other discourse-functional morphemes
.......................................101
5.8.4
Co-occurrence of discourse-functional morphemes
........................102
5.9
Adpositions and case-marking
............................................................103
5.9.1
Unmarked case versus adpositions
.............................................103
5.9.2
Dative
se
..............................................................................104
5.9.3
Possessive wane
....................................................................104
5.9.4
Locative ra and
кипа
..............................................................105
5.9.5
aa
on, by, from, out of
.........................................................106
5.9.6
doo
chez,
at (the place of)
......................................................106
5.9.7
Postpositions of spatial orientation ( behind , facing , etc.)
...........107
5.9.8
Quasi-prepositionsjaa since and
hal
until
...............................108
5.9.9
Prepositions bilaa without ,
bara
or
kala
except
.......................108
5.9.10
game between, among, amidst
..............................................109
5.10
Apposition
...................................................................................110
5.10.1
Pronouns in apposition to NPs
...............................................110
5.10.2
Relative clauses with appositional function
...............................
Ill
5.11
Instrumental,
confutative,
and conjoined NPs
.......................................112
5.11.1
Conjunction of personal pronouns
...........................................113
5.11.2
Conjunction of two full NPs, or of a pronoun and full NP
...........115
5.11.3
Instrumental and comitative phrases
.........................................116
5.11.4
nda in idioms and adverbial phrases
.........................................118
5.11.5
NP disjunction
(wala
or )
.....................................................119
5.11.6
Conjunction of adpositional phrases
.........................................121
5.12
Locational Phrases and Temporal Phrases
...........................................122
6
Verbal voice and verb derivation
...............................................................125
6.1
Subcategorization for objects and adpositional phrases
............................125
6.1.1
Verbs, quasi-verbs, and the referentiality of subject NPs
................125
6.1.2
Underived simple
intransitives..................................................127
6.1.3
Underived simple
transitives.....................................................128
6.1.4
Ditransitives and other verbs with dative
.....................................129
6.1.5
Verbs with postpositional complements
(да,
Locatives)
................130
6.1.6
Verbs with instromental-comitative complements (nda)
................132
6.1.7
Cognate objects
.....................................................................133
6.2
Derived voice forms
.........................................................................133
6.2.1
Zero derivation (simple verbs with variable valency)
.....................133
Contents ix
6.2.2 Factitive-Causative -ndi..........................................................134
6.2.3 Mediopassive -ndi..................................................................135
6.2.4
Minor uses of
-лей
.................................................................136
6.2.5
Suffixation
of-ndato verb stem
...............................................137
6.3
Compounds
....................................................................................138
6.3.1
Noun-verb compounds
............................................................138
6.3.2
Verb-verb compounds
.............................................................139
6.3.3
Centripetal
-kate
....................................................................140
6.4
Verb-stem reduplication
....................................................................141
7
VP
structure
.........................................................................................143
7.1
Types of predicates
..........................................................................143
7.1.1
Quasi-verbs
či
(equational) and
nono
(identificational)
...................143
7.1.2
Locational quasi-verbs goo,
sii
..................................................148
7.1.3
Existential and impersonal quasi-verb
bara.
.................................151
7.1.4
Possessive predications
...........................................................152
7.1.5
haya
foo (do) anything and other apparent verbless predicates
.......153
7.2
Mood-aspect-negation (MAN)
............................................................154
7.2.1
MAN morphemes and sequences
...............................................155
7.2.2
Perfective and imperfective
.......................................................156
7.2.3
Presentative imperfectives (preverbal gaa or goo)
..........................160
7.2.4
Subjunctive mood
..................................................................161
7.2.5
Future
ta
..............................................................................162
7.2.6
Marked Progressive constructions
..............................................164
7.3
Imperatives
....................................................................................264
8
Discourse-functional constructions and relativization
....................................166
8.1
Focus constructions
.........................................................................166
8.1.1
Nonsubject focus constructions
.................................................166
8.1.2
Subject focus constructions
......................................................171
8.2
Questions and answers
......................................................................174
8.2.1
Polar (yes-no) questions and answers
..........................................174
8.2.2
WH-questions
........................................................................176
8.2.3
Composite WH-interrogatives ( how? , why? , when? )
...............180
8.2.4
In situ (non-fronted) WH-interrogatives
......................................183
8.2.5
Questions embedded under matrix verbs ( know , ask , etc.)
...........183
8.2.6
whatchamacallit?
.................................................................185
8.2.7
Tag questions
............................■...........................................185
8.3
Relative clause constructions
.............................................................186
8.3.1
Relativization of subject NPs
...................................................188
8.3.2
Relativization of direct objects and complements of give
.............191
8.3.3
Relativization of NP complements of postpositions
.....................192
8.3.4
Relativization of NP complements of nda with, and
...................193
8.3.5
Relativization of possessor NP
.................................................195
8.3.6
Adverbial relatives without postpositions
...................................196
8.3.7
Multiple relative clauses (conjoined or recursive)
..........................198
Contents
8.3.8 Relativization out
of complex
syntactic structures
........................199
8.3.9
DF
morphemes and postpositions operating on the head NP
...........201
8.3.10
kaa when
...
or such that
...
(abstract adverbial relatives)
.........204
8.4
Topic constructions
.........................................................................206
8.4.1
Preposed topical constituents, with or without Topic bine
.............206
8.4.2
Use of
ЗБ
pronouns
.............................................................209
8.4.3
Use of weak Topic marker fa
....................................................211
8.5
Emphatics and similatives
.................................................................216
8.5.1
Simple emphatics (daa, jaati(r), huneyno, yaa)
............................216
8.5.2
Only
(піл,
tan, allaa,
koon, daa,kusï)......................................
220
8.5.3
Unless
(nda^
a na ći)
and except
фага,
kala)
..........................224
8.5.4
Nobody (nothing) except
X
=
only
X
.....................................225
8.5.5
Also (woo)
.........................................................................229
8.5.6
Similative like X
(sanda,
allaa,
taka,
činne).............................
231
8.5.7
dee,
mee,gaa
.......................................................................234
8.5.8 baada, waüaahi, ¡aabudda......................................................235
8.5.9
wala
or in emphatic sense even...
.........................................236
8.6
Co-occurrence of major discourse-functional categories
...........................237
8.6.1
Topic plus another DF morpheme on same constituent
.................237
8.6.2
Emphatic plus focus
...............................................................237
8.6.3
Topic plus focus
....................................................................238
8.6.4
Multiple topics
......................................................................239
8.6.5
Relativization and focus
..........................................................239
8.6.6
Relativization and topic
...........................................................241
8.6.7
Subjunctive mood and focus
.....................................................241
Sentence-level syntax and semantics
..........................................................243
9.1
Object NPs and other
postverbal
constituents
........................................243
9.1.1
Ordering and cliticization of
postverbal
constituents
......................243
9.1.2
Double-object constructions ( give , show )
...............................246
9.2
Adjectival intensifying interjections
....................................................249
9.3
Operators and scope
.........................................................................250
9.3.1
Types of
adverbiais
.................................................................250
9.3.2
Clause-internal and higher-level (metalinguistic) negation
..............254
9.3.3
Negation and quantifiers
..........................................................255
9.3.4
Equivalents of negative polarity items
........................................258
9.3.5
Negation,
adverbiais
( again , first ), and DF morpheme only
......259
9.3.6
Quantification over possessed nouns
..........................................261
9.4
Overview of complement clause types
.................................................262
9.5
Clause conjunction and indicative complement clauses
...........................263
9.5.1
Conditionals (nda
...,
wala..)
...................................................263
9.5.2
Juxtaposed clauses ( and , but , or , etc.)
...................................269
9.5.3
Juxtaposed clauses in adverbial function ( while , without )
...........271
9.5.4
Clausal disjunctions
(wala
or, whether , xoaa either )
..................272
9.5.5
Adversative conjunctions mere, ammaa,
mais but
......................274
9.5.6
jaa since and ftal until, before
...............................................276
Contents xi
9.5.7
Because clauses
....................................................................280
9.5.8
That complements {kaa, kala,kaa
ná).....................................281
9.5.9
Bare indicative complements {gar,
čiimi,
či,
guna,
bara)
..................284
9.5.10
Right-edge marking in antecedents and background clauses
...........286
9.6
Subjunctive complements
.................................................................289
9.6.1
Subjunctive complements to matrix-clause verbs
.........................290
9.6.2
Subjunctive complements of obligational
bara
............................294
9.6.3
Subjunctive clauses in
jussi
ve
reported speech
.............................295
9.6.4
Subjunctive clauses with complementizers
{hal, bilaa)
..................296
9.6.5
Subjunctive clauses under the scope of a distant negative
...............298
9.6.6
Bare subjunctive clauses with no overt trigger
.............................299
9.6.7
Multiple subjunctive clauses
....................................................302
9.6.8
Further
epistemic
subjunctive constructions ( maybe )
..................303
9.7
Infinitival VPs and serial verbs
..........................................................304
9.7.1
Infinitival VPs in event sequences
.............................................305
9.7.2
Inventory of serial verbs
..........................................................307
9.7.3
Control verbs
........................................................................308
9.7.4
Modal serial verbs
..................................................................309
9.7.5
Aspectual serial verbs
.............................................................309
9.7.6
Quantifying and negative serial verbs
.........................................313
9.7.7
Motion and time-of-day verbs as serial verbs
...............................314
9.7.8
Comparative constructions
.......................................................316
9.7.9
ka kaa anåka
koy after
VP or
noun
.........................................320
9.7.10
(ka) gar... (to) find... plus indicative clause
.............................321
10
Anaphora, logophorics, and reported speech
...............................................322
10.1
Reported speech and logophoric pronouns
..........................................322
10.1.1
Reported speech and thought
.................................................322
10.1.2
Logophorics and deictic shifts in reported speech
......................323
10.1.3
Logophorics and recursive reported speech
...............................326
10.1.4
Pragmatic functions of logophorics and narrative fade-out
...........328
10.2
Reflexives and reciprocals
...............................................................329
10.2.1
Cornpoundreflexivesibomo head )
.......................................329
10.2.2
Simple reflexive pronouns
...................................................331
10.2.3
Reflexive verbs
..................................................................332
10.2.4
Syntax of reflexive pronouns
................................................333
10.2.5
Reciprocals
.......................................................................341
10.2.6
Syntax of reciprocals
...........................................................343
10.3
Generic and indefinite reference
........................................................345
10.3.1
boro
person and 2Sg pronouns
............................................345
10.3.2
Indefinite human a koy
di.
...................................................349
10.4
Sloppy (partial) coreferentiality
.......................................................350
10.4.1
Sloppy coreferentiality in reflexives
.......................................350
10.4.2
Sloppy coreferentiality in logophorics
....................................351
10.4.3
Sloppy coreference in relative clauses
.....................................352
xii Contents
11
Semantic
topics
...................................................................................353
11.1
Spatiotemporal
structures
...............................................................353
11.1.1
Spatial deictics
...................................................................353
11.1.2
Semantics of spatial adpositions
............................................353
11.1.3
Motion and path structure
....................................................358
11.1.4
Time expressions (nouns and verbs)
.......................................361
11.1.5
jinaa first , koync again , jaa since ,
hal
until
....................364
11.1.6
Temporal uses of spatial and motion expressions
......................365
11.2
Weather and ambient condition
........................................................366
11.3
Perception
...................................................................................366
11.4
Emotion and personality
................................................................367
11.5
Kinship
......................................................................................368
11.6
Flora-fauna
..................................................................................371
11.7
Body parts
...................................................................................373
Appendix
1
Upriver dialects
........................................................................375
Appendix
2
Djenné
Chiini
.........................................................................380
Text
........................................................................................................434
References
................................................................................................443
Morpheme Index
.......................................................................................445
Subject Index
............................................................................................451
|
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| dewey-sort | 3496 15 |
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| discipline | Außereuropäische Sprachen und Literaturen Literaturwissenschaft |
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| geographic | Timbuktu (DE-588)4119616-8 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Timbuktu |
| id | DE-604.BV012140924 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T18:22:25Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 3110162857 |
| language | German |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-008223651 |
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| series | Mouton grammar library |
| series2 | Mouton grammar library |
| spelling | Heath, Jeffrey 1949- Verfasser (DE-588)12155273X aut A grammar of Koyra Chiini the Songhay of Timbuktu Jeffrey Heath Berlin ; New York Mouton de Gruyter 1999 XIV, 453 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Mouton grammar library 19 Surhai (taal) gtt Songhai language Dialects Mali Tombouctou Region Songhai-Sprache (DE-588)4284169-0 gnd rswk-swf Grammatik (DE-588)4021806-5 gnd rswk-swf Timbuktu (DE-588)4119616-8 gnd rswk-swf Songhai-Sprache (DE-588)4284169-0 s Timbuktu (DE-588)4119616-8 g Grammatik (DE-588)4021806-5 s DE-604 Mouton grammar library 19 (DE-604)BV000018422 19 Digitalisierung UB Regensburg application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=008223651&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Heath, Jeffrey 1949- A grammar of Koyra Chiini the Songhay of Timbuktu Mouton grammar library Surhai (taal) gtt Songhai language Dialects Mali Tombouctou Region Songhai-Sprache (DE-588)4284169-0 gnd Grammatik (DE-588)4021806-5 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4284169-0 (DE-588)4021806-5 (DE-588)4119616-8 |
| title | A grammar of Koyra Chiini the Songhay of Timbuktu |
| title_auth | A grammar of Koyra Chiini the Songhay of Timbuktu |
| title_exact_search | A grammar of Koyra Chiini the Songhay of Timbuktu |
| title_full | A grammar of Koyra Chiini the Songhay of Timbuktu Jeffrey Heath |
| title_fullStr | A grammar of Koyra Chiini the Songhay of Timbuktu Jeffrey Heath |
| title_full_unstemmed | A grammar of Koyra Chiini the Songhay of Timbuktu Jeffrey Heath |
| title_short | A grammar of Koyra Chiini |
| title_sort | a grammar of koyra chiini the songhay of timbuktu |
| title_sub | the Songhay of Timbuktu |
| topic | Surhai (taal) gtt Songhai language Dialects Mali Tombouctou Region Songhai-Sprache (DE-588)4284169-0 gnd Grammatik (DE-588)4021806-5 gnd |
| topic_facet | Surhai (taal) Songhai language Dialects Mali Tombouctou Region Songhai-Sprache Grammatik Timbuktu |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=008223651&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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