Protection of minority shareholders:
Saved in:
| Format: | Book |
|---|---|
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
London [u.a.]
Kluwer Law Internat. [u.a.]
1997
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| Edition: | 1. publ. |
| Series: | AIJA law library
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XL, 341 S. |
| ISBN: | 9041106618 |
Staff View
MARC
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Protection of minority shareholders |c vol. ed. Matthias W. Stecher |
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Record in the Search Index
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| adam_text | AIJA LAW LIBRARY PROTECTION OF MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS SERIES EDITOR
INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF YOUNG LAWYERS ASSOCIATION INTERNATIONALE
DES JEUNES AVOCATS VOLUME EDITOR MATTHIAS W. STECHER INTERNATIONAL
LONDON-THE HAGUE-BOSTON AND ASSOCIATION INTERNATIONALE DES JEUNES
AVOCATS INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF YOUNG LAWYERS CONTENTS ABOUT AIJA
XXVII OFFICERS OF AIJA XXVIII A WORD FROM THE PUBLICATIONS COMMITTEE
XXIX PREFACE XXXI LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS XXXIII QUESTIONNAIRE XXXIX
GENERAL REPORT 1 MATTHIAS STECHER, ANITA DE JONG, JOREN DE WACHTER,
CLARE GRAYSTON PREAMBLE 3 INTRODUCTION 4 1. MAJORITY REQUIREMENTS FOR
SHAREHOLDERS RESOLUTIONS 4 1.1 WHAT ARE THE MAJORITY REQUIREMENTS IN
GENERAL? 4 1.2 WHICH RESOLUTIONS REQUIRE A GREATER MAJORITY? 5 1.3 TO
WHAT EXTENT CAN THEY BE MODIFIED BY THE ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION? 5 2.
INFLUENCE ON THE DECISION-MAKING PROCESS 6 2.1 DO MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS
HAVE THE RIGHT TO CALL A SHAREHOLDERS MEETING? 6 2.2 DO THEY HAVE THE
RIGHT TO PUT MATTERS ON THE AGENDA? 6 3. RIGHTS OF INFORMATION,
INDEPENDENT AUDITING AND SUPERVISION 6 3.1 TO WHAT EXTENT DO THE
(MINORITY) SHAREHOLDERS HAVE A RIGHT TO BE INFORMED ON COMPANY MATTERS?
6 3.2 DO THEY HAVE THE RIGHT TO DEMAND INDEPENDENT AUDITING OR TO
INITIATE THE SUPERVISION OF COMPANY MATTERS BY AN INDEPENDENT
INSTITUTION? 7 4. CAPITAL INCREASES AND DISTRIBUTIONS 7 4.1 TO WHAT
EXTENT DO (MINORITY) SHAREHOLDERS HAVE THE RIGHT TO PARTICIPATE IN
CAPITAL INCREASES? 7 VI CONTENTS 4.2 DO MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS HAVE THE
RIGHT TO DEMAND DIVIDENDS OR OTHER DISTRIBUTIONS? 8 5. DERIVATIVE
ACTIONS 8 5.1 CAN (MINORITY) SHAREHOLDERS ENFORCE RIGHTS THAT THE
COMPANY HAS AGAINST OTHER SHAREHOLDERS, DIRECTORS, OR THIRD PARTIES? 8
6. OTHER FORMAL RIGHTS 10 6.1 DO MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS HAVE ANY OTHER
SPECIFIC RIGHTS COMPARABLE TO THOSE MENTIONED IN 2-5 ABOVE? 10 7.
EXTENSION OF THESE RIGHTS BY STATUTE OR SHAREHOLDERS AGREEMENTS 11 7.1
CAN THE ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION PROVIDE FOR ADDITIONAL RIGHTS OF THE
MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS? IF NOT, CAN SUCH RIGHTS BE PROVIDED FOR IN
SHAREHOLDERS AGREEMENTS? ARE THESE OPTIONS COMMONLY USED? 11 8.
REMEDIES WHERE A SHAREHOLDERS RESOLUTION OR OTHER ACTION IMPAIRS THE
RIGHTS OF MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS 13 8.1 WHAT ARE THE REQUIREMENTS FOR
SUCH REMEDIES? 14 8.2 WHEN DO THE COURTS ACCEPT THESE REQUIREMENTS? 14
8.3 WHAT REMEDIES ARE AVAILABLE TO THE CLAIMANT? 15 9. SPECIFIC
PROTECTION IF THE COMPANY IS CONTROLLED BY ANOTHER COMPANY 18 9.1 WHAT
ARE THE RIGHTS AND REMEDIES OF A SHAREHOLDER OF COMPANY A IF COMPANY B
GAINS CONTROL OVER IT (BY ACQUIRING THE MAJORITY OF ITS SHARES OR
OTHERWISE)? 18 9.2 WHAT ARE THE SHAREHOLDER S RIGHTS AND REMEDIES WHEN
COMPANY B EXERTS ITS CONTROL OVER COMPANY A IN A WAY WHICH DAMAGES THE
INTERESTS OF THE LATTER? 19 CONCLUSION 20 AUSTRIA 21 CHRISTOPH PETSCH 1.
MAJORITY REQUIREMENTS FOR SHAREHOLDERS RESOLUTIONS 23 1.1 WHAT ARE THE
MAJORITY REQUIREMENTS IN GENERAL? 23 1.2 WHICH RESOLUTIONS REQUIRE A
GREATER MAJORITY? 23 1.3 TO WHAT EXTENT CAN THEY BE MODIFIED BY THE
ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION? 25 2. INFLUENCE ON THE DECISION-MAKING PROCESS
26 2.1 DO MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS HAVE THE RIGHT TO CALL A SHAREHOLDERS
MEETING? 26 2.2 DO THEY HAVE THE RIGHT TO PUT MATTERS ON THE AGENDA? 26
3. RIGHTS OF INFORMATION, INDEPENDENT AUDITING AND SUPERVISION 27 3.1 TO
WHAT EXTENT DO THE (MINORITY) SHAREHOLDERS HAVE A RIGHT TO BE INFORMED
ON COMPANY MATTERS? 27 CONTENTS VII 3.2 DO THEY HAVE THE RIGHT TO DEMAND
INDEPENDENT AUDITING OR TO INITIATE THE SUPERVISION OF COMPANY MATTERS
BY AN INDEPENDENT INSTITUTION? 28 4. CAPITAL INCREASES AND DISTRIBUTIONS
29 4.1 TO WHAT EXTENT DO (MINORITY) SHAREHOLDERS HAVE THE RIGHT TO
PARTICIPATE IN CAPITAL INCREASES? 29 4.2 DO MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS HAVE
THE RIGHT TO DEMAND DIVIDENDS OR OTHER DISTRIBUTIONS? 30 5. DERIVATIVE
ACTIONS 31 5.1 CAN (MINORITY) SHAREHOLDERS ENFORCE RIGHTS THAT THE
COMPANY HAS AGAINST OTHER SHAREHOLDERS, DIRECTORS, OR THIRD PARTIES? 31
6. OTHER FORMAL RIGHTS 32 6.1 DO MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS HAVE ANY OTHER
SPECIFIC RIGHTS COMPARABLE TO THOSE MENTIONED IN 2*5 ABOVE? 32 7.
EXTENSION OF THESE RIGHTS BY STATUTE OR SHAREHOLDERS AGREEMENTS 33 7.1
CAN THE ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION PROVIDE FOR ADDITIONAL RIGHTS OF THE
MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS? IF NOT, CAN SUCH RIGHTS BE PROVIDED FOR IN
SHAREHOLDERS AGREEMENTS? ARE THESE OPTIONS COMMONLY USED? 33 8.
REMEDIES WHERE A SHAREHOLDERS RESOLUTION OR OTHER ACTION IMPAIRS THE
RIGHTS OF MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS 34 8.1 WHAT ARE THE REQUIREMENTS FOR
SUCH REMEDIES? 34 8.2 WHEN DO THE COURTS ACCEPT THESE REQUIREMENTS? 35
8.3 WHAT REMEDIES ARE AVAILABLE TO THE CLAIMANT? 36 9. SPECIFIC
PROTECTION IF A COMPANY IS CONTROLLED BY ANOTHER COMPANY 37 9.1 WHAT ARE
THE RIGHTS AND REMEDIES OF A SHAREHOLDER OF COMPANY A IF COMPANY B GAINS
CONTROL OVER IT (BY ACQUIRING THE MAJORITY OF ITS SHARES OR OTHERWISE)?
37 9.2 WHAT ARE THE SHAREHOLDER S RIGHTS AND REMEDIES WHEN COMPANY B
EXERTS ITS CONTROL OVER COMPANY A IN A WAY WHICH DAMAGES THE INTERESTS
OF THE LATTER? 38 BELGIUM 39 JOREN DE WACHTER INTRODUCTION 41 1.
MAJORITY REQUIREMENTS FOR SHAREHOLDERS RESOLUTIONS 42 1.1 WHAT ARE THE
MAJORITY REQUIREMENTS IN GENERAL? 42 1.2 WHAT RESOLUTIONS REQUIRE A
GREATER MAJORITY? 42 1.2.1 MAJORITY TO MODIFY THE ARTICLES OF
ASSOCIATION 43 1.2.2 MAJORITY TO MODIFY THE OBJECTS OF THE COMPANY 43
CONTENTS 1.2.3 SPECIFIC APPLICATIONS OF THE MAJORITY REQUIRED TO MODIFY
THE ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION 43 1.2.3.1 MAJORITY TO MODIFY THE RIGHTS
ATTACHED TO SPECIFIC CLASSES OF SHARES 43 1.2.3.2 REDUCTION OF THE
CAPITAL 43 1.3 TO WHAT EXTENT CAN THEY BE MODIFIED BY THE ARTICLES OF
ASSOCIATION? 44 INFLUENCE ON THE DECISION-MAKING PROCESS 44 2.1 DO
MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS HAVE THE RIGHT TO CALL A SHAREHOLDERS MEETING? 44
2.2 DO THEY HAVE THE RIGHT TO PUT MATTERS ON THE AGENDA? 44 RIGHTS OF
INFORMATION, INDEPENDENT AUDITING AND SUPERVISION 45 3.1 TO WHAT EXTENT
DO THE (MINORITY) SHAREHOLDERS HAVE A RIGHT TO BE INFORMED ON COMPANY
MATTERS? 45 3.2 DO THEY HAVE THE RIGHT TO DEMAND INDEPENDENT AUDITING OR
TO INITIATE THE SUPERVISION OF COMPANY MATTERS BY AN INDEPENDENT
INSTITUTION? 45 CAPITAL INCREASES AND DISTRIBUTIONS 46 4.1 TO WHAT
EXTENT DO (MINORITY) SHAREHOLDERS HAVE THE RIGHT TO PARTICIPATE IN
CAPITAL INCREASES? 46 4.2 DO MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS HAVE THE RIGHT TO
DEMAND DIVIDENDS OR OTHER DISTRIBUTIONS? 47 DERIVATIVE ACTIONS 47 5.1
CAN (MINORITY) SHAREHOLDERS ENFORCE RIGHTS THAT THE COMPANY HAS AGAINST
OTHER SHAREHOLDERS, DIRECTORS, OR THIRD PARTIES? 47 OTHER FORMAL
RIGHTS 48 6.1 DO MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS HAVE ANY OTHER SPECIFIC RIGHTS
COMPARABLE TO THOSE MENTIONED IN 2*5 ABOVE? 48 6.1.1 NULLITY OF
DECISIONS TAKEN BY A SHAREHOLDERS MEETING 48 6.1.2 LIQUIDATION OF THE
COMPANY 49 6.1.3 LOCK-OUT AND OPT-OUT 49 6.1.3.1 LOCK-OUT 49 6.1.3.2
OPT-OUT 50 EXTENSION OF THESE RIGHTS BY STATUTE OR SHAREHOLDERS
AGREEMENTS 50 7.1 CAN THE ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION PROVIDE FOR ADDITIONAL
RIGHTS FOR MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS? IF NOT, CAN SUCH RIGHTS BE PROVIDED
FOR IN SHAREHOLDERS AGREEMENTS? ARE THESE OPTIONS COMMONLY USED? 50
REMEDIES WHERE A SHAREHOLDERS RESOLUTION OR OTHER ACTION IMPAIRS THE
RIGHTS OF MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS 52 8.1 WHAT ARE THE REQUIREMENTS FOR
SUCH REMEDIES? 52 8.2 WHEN DO THE COURTS OF YOUR COUNTRY ACCEPT THESE
REQUIREMENTS? 52 CONTENTS IX 8.3 WHAT REMEDIES ARE AVAILABLE TO THE
CLAIMANT? 53 8.3.1 INJUNCTIVE ORDER - SPECIFIC PERFORMANCE 54 8.3.2
DAMAGES 54 8.3.3 LIQUIDATION OF THE COMPANY 55 9. SPECIFIC PROTECTION IF
THE COMPANY IS CONTROLLED BY ANOTHER COMPANY 55 9.1 WHAT ARE THE RIGHTS
AND REMEDIES OF A SHAREHOLDER OF COMPANY A IF COMPANY B GAINS CONTROL
OVER IT (BY ACQUIRING THE MAJORITY OF ITS SHARES OR OTHERWISE)? 55 9.2
WHAT ARE THE SHAREHOLDER S RIGHTS AND REMEDIES WHEN COMPANY B EXERTS ITS
CONTROL OVER COMPANY A IN A WAY WHICH DAMAGES THE INTERESTS OF THE
LATTER? 56 FINLAND 57 PAULIINA TENHUNEN INTRODUCTION 59 1. MAJORITY
REQUIREMENTS FOR SHAREHOLDERS RESOLUTIONS 60 1.1 WHAT ARE THE MAJORITY
REQUIREMENTS IN GENERAL? 60 1.2 WHICH RESOLUTIONS REQUIRE A GREATER
MAJORITY? 60 1.3 TO WHAT EXTENT CAN THE MAJORITY REQUIREMENTS BE
MODIFIED BY THE ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION? 61 2. INFLUENCE ON THE
DECISION-MAKING PROCESS 61 2.1 DO MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS HAVE THE RIGHT
TO CALL A SHAREHOLDERS MEETING? 61 2.2 DO THEY HAVE THE RIGHT TO PUT
MATTERS ON THE AGENDA? 62 3. RIGHTS OF INFORMATION, INDEPENDENT AUDITING
AND SUPERVISION 62 3.1 TO WHAT EXTENT DO THE (MINORITY) SHAREHOLDERS
HAVE A RIGHT TO BE INFORMED ON COMPANY MATTERS? 62 3.2 DO THEY HAVE THE
RIGHT TO DEMAND INDEPENDENT AUDITING OR TO INITIATE THE SUPERVISION OF
COMPANY MATTERS BY AN INDEPENDENT INSTITUTION? 63 4. CAPITAL INCREASES
AND DISTRIBUTIONS 63 4.1 TO WHAT EXTENT DO (MINORITY) SHAREHOLDERS HAVE
THE RIGHT TO PARTICIPATE IN CAPITAL INCREASES? 63 4.2 DO MINORITY
SHAREHOLDERS HAVE THE RIGHT TO DEMAND DIVIDENDS OR OTHER DISTRIBUTIONS?
64 5. DERIVATIVE ACTIONS 64 5.1 CAN (MINORITY) SHAREHOLDERS ENFORCE
RIGHTS THAT THE COMPANY HAS AGAINST OTHER SHAREHOLDERS, DIRECTORS, OR
THIRD PARTIES? 64 6. OTHER FORMAL RIGHTS 65 6.1 DO MINORITY
SHAREHOLDERS HAVE ANY OTHER SPECIFIC RIGHTS COMPARABLE TO THOSE
MENTIONED IN 2-5 ABOVE? 65 X CONTENTS 7. EXTENSION OF THESE RIGHTS BY
STATUTE OR SHAREHOLDERS AGREEMENTS 65 7.1 CAN THE ARTICLES OF
ASSOCIATION PROVIDE FOR ADDITIONAL RIGHTS FOR MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS? IF
NOT, CAN SUCH RIGHTS BE PROVIDED FOR IN SHAREHOLDERS AGREEMENTS? ARE
THESE OPTIONS COMMONLY USED? 65 8. REMEDIES WHERE A SHAREHOLDERS
RESOLUTION OR OTHER ACTION IMPAIRS THE RIGHTS OF MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS
66 8.1 WHAT ARE THE REQUIREMENTS FOR SUCH REMEDIES? 66 8.2 WHEN DO THE
COURTS OF YOUR COUNTRY ACCEPT THESE REQUIREMENTS? 67 8.3 WHAT REMEDIES
ARE AVAILABLE TO THE CLAIMANT? 68 9. SPECIFIC PROTECTION IF THE COMPANY
IS CONTROLLED BY ANOTHER COMPANY 69 9.1 WHAT ARE THE RIGHTS AND REMEDIES
OF A SHAREHOLDER OF COMPANY A IF COMPANY B GAINS CONTROL OVER IT (BY
ACQUIRING THE MAJORITY OF ITS SHARES OR OTHERWISE)? 69 9.2 WHAT ARE THE
SHAREHOLDER S RIGHTS AND REMEDIES WHEN COMPANY B EXERTS ITS CONTROL OVER
COMPANY A IN A WAY WHICH DAMAGES THE INTERESTS OF THE LATTER? 70 FRANCE
71 PATRICK PEGUET, NATHALIE CARBINER, JEAN-CHRISTOPHE SABOURIN
INTRODUCTION 73 1. MAJORITY REQUIREMENTS FOR SHAREHOLDERS RESOLUTIONS 74
1.1 WHAT ARE THE MAJORITY REQUIREMENTS IN GENERAL? 74 1.2 WHICH
RESOLUTIONS REQUIRE A GREATER MAJORITY? 75 1.3 TO WHAT EXTENT CAN THEY
BE MODIFIED BY THE ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION? 75 2. INFLUENCE ON THE
DECISION-MAKING PROCESS 76 2.1 DO MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS HAVE THE RIGHT
TO CALL A SHAREHOLDERS MEETING? 76 2.2 DO THEY HAVE THE RIGHT TO PUT
MATTERS ON THE AGENDA? 76 3. RIGHTS OF INFORMATION, INDEPENDENT AUDITING
AND SUPERVISION 77 3.1 TO WHAT EXTENT DO THE (MINORITY) SHAREHOLDERS
HAVE A RIGHT TO BE INFORMED ON COMPANY MATTERS? 77 3.2 DO THEY HAVE THE
RIGHT TO DEMAND INDEPENDENT AUDITING OR TO INITIATE THE SUPERVISION OF
COMPANY MATTERS BY AN INDEPENDENT INSTITUTION? 78 4. CAPITAL INCREASES
AND DISTRIBUTIONS 78 4.1 TO WHAT EXTENT DO MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS HAVE
THE RIGHT TO PARTICIPATE IN CAPITAL INCREASES? 78 4.2 DO MINORITY
SHAREHOLDERS HAVE THE RIGHT TO DEMAND DIVIDENDS OR OTHER DISTRIBUTIONS?
78 CONTENTS X J 5. DERIVATIVE ACTIONS 80 5.1 CAN (MINORITY) SHAREHOLDERS
ENFORCE RIGHTS THAT THE COMPANY HAS AGAINST OTHER SHAREHOLDERS,
DIRECTORS, OR THIRD PARTIES? 80 6. OTHER FORMAL RIGHTS 80 6.1 DO
MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS HAVE ANY OTHER SPECIFIC RIGHTS COMPARABLE TO THOSE
MENTIONED IN 2*5 ABOVE? . 80 7. EXTENSION OF THESE RIGHTS BY STATUTE OR
SHAREHOLDERS AGREEMENTS 81 7.1 CAN THE ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION PROVIDE
FOR ADDITIONAL RIGHTS FOR MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS? IF NOT, CAN SUCH RIGHTS
BE PROVIDED FOR IN SHAREHOLDERS AGREEMENTS? ARE THESE OPTIONS COMMONLY
USED? 81 8. REMEDIES WHERE A SHAREHOLDERS RESOLUTION OR OTHER ACTION
IMPAIRS THE RIGHTS OF MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS 82 8.1 WHAT ARE THE
REQUIREMENTS FOR SUCH REMEDIES? 82 8.2 WHEN DO THE COURTS OF YOUR
COUNTRY ACCEPT THESE REQUIREMENTS? 83 8.3 WHAT REMEDIES ARE AVAILABLE TO
THE CLAIMANT? 84 9. SPECIFIC PROTECTION IF THE COMPANY IS CONTROLLED BY
ANOTHER COMPANY 84 9.1 WHAT ARE THE RIGHTS AND REMEDIES OF A SHAREHOLDER
OF COMPANY A IF COMPANY B GAINS CONTROL OVER IT (BY ACQUIRING THE
MAJORITY OF ITS SHARES OR OTHERWISE)? 84 9.2 WHAT ARE THE SHAREHOLDER S
RIGHTS AND REMEDIES WHEN COMPANY B EXERTS ITS CONTROL OVER COMPANY A IN
A WAY WHICH DAMAGES THE INTERESTS OF THE LATTER? 85 GERMANY 87 MATTHIAS
W STECHER 1. MAJORITY REQUIREMENTS FOR SHAREHOLDERS RESOLUTIONS 89 1.1
WHAT ARE THE MAJORITY REQUIREMENTS IN GENERAL? 89 1.2 WHICH RESOLUTIONS
REQUIRE A GREATER MAJORITY? 90 1.3 TO WHAT EXTENT CAN THEY BE MODIFIED
BY THE ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION? 90 2. INFLUENCE ON THE DECISION-MAKING
PROCESS 90 2.1 DO MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS HAVE THE RIGHT TO CALL A
SHAREHOLDERS MEETING? 90 2.2 DO THEY HAVE THE RIGHT TO PUT MATTERS ON
THE AGENDA? 90 3. RIGHTS OF INFORMATION, INDEPENDENT AUDITING AND
SUPERVISION 91 3.1 TO WHAT EXTENT DO THE (MINORITY) SHAREHOLDERS HAVE A
RIGHT TO BE INFORMED ON COMPANY MATTERS? 91 CONTENTS 3.2 DO THEY HAVE
THE RIGHT TO DEMAND INDEPENDENT AUDITING OR TO INITIATE THE SUPERVISION
OF COMPANY MATTERS BY AN INDEPENDENT INSTITUTION? 92 CAPITAL INCREASES
AND DISTRIBUTIONS 92 4.1 TO WHAT EXTENT DO (MINORITY) SHAREHOLDERS HAVE
THE RIGHT TO PARTICIPATE IN CAPITAL INCREASES? 92 4.2 DO MINORITY
SHAREHOLDERS HAVE THE RIGHT TO DEMAND DIVIDENDS OR OTHER DISTRIBUTIONS?
93 DERIVATIVE ACTIONS 94 5.1 CAN (MINORITY) SHAREHOLDERS ENFORCE RIGHTS
THAT THE COMPANY HAS AGAINST OTHER SHAREHOLDERS, DIRECTORS, OR THIRD
PARTIES? 94 OTHER FORMAL RIGHTS 94 6.1 DO MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS HAVE
ANY OTHER SPECIFIC RIGHTS COMPARABLE TO THOSE MENTIONED IN 2*5 ABOVE? 94
EXTENSION OF THESE RIGHTS BY STATUTE OR SHAREHOLDERS AGREEMENTS 95 7.1
CAN THE ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION PROVIDE FOR ADDITIONAL RIGHTS FOR
MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS? IF NOT, CAN SUCH RIGHTS BE PROVIDED FOR IN
SHAREHOLDERS AGREEMENTS? ARE THESE OPTIONS COMMONLY USED? 95 REMEDIES
WHERE A SHAREHOLDERS RESOLUTION OR OTHER ACTION IMPAIRS THE RIGHTS OF
MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS 96 8.1 WHAT ARE THE REQUIREMENTS FOR SUCH
REMEDIES? 96 8.2 WHEN DO THE COURTS OF YOUR COUNTRY ACCEPT THESE
REQUIREMENTS? 97 8.3 WHAT REMEDIES ARE AVAILABLE TO THE CLAIMANT? 97
SPECIFIC PROTECTION IF THE COMPANY IS CONTROLLED BY ANOTHER COMPANY 98
9.1 WHAT ARE THE RIGHTS AND REMEDIES OF A SHAREHOLDER OF COMPANY A IF
COMPANY B GAINS CONTROL OVER IT (BY ACQUIRING THE MAJORITY OF ITS SHARES
OR OTHERWISE)? 98 9.1.1 THE TERM CONCERN 98 9.1.2.1 CONTRACTUAL
CONCERN WITH A SUBORDINATED AG 99 9.1.2.2 DE FACTO CONCERN WITH A
SUBORDINATED AG 99 9.1.3 CONTRACTUAL CONCERN WITH A SUBORDINATED GMBH
100 9.1.4 DE FACTO CONCERN WITH SUBORDINATED GMBH 100 9.1.5 PROTECTION
OF MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS OF THE DOMINANT CORPORATION 100 9.2 WHAT ARE
THE SHAREHOLDER S RIGHTS AND REMEDIES WHEN COMPANY B EXERTS ITS CONTROL
OVER COMPANY A IN A WAY WHICH DAMAGES THE INTERESTS OF THE LATTER? 100
9.2.1 AG 100 9.2.2 GMBH 101 CONTENTS XIII IRELAND 103 GERARD COLL,
JACQUELINE ENNIS INTRODUCTION 105 1. MAJORITY REQUIREMENTS FOR
SHAREHOLDERS RESOLUTIONS 105 1.1 WHAT ARE THE MAJORITY REQUIREMENTS IN
GENERAL? 105 1.2 WHICH RESOLUTIONS REQUIRE A GREATER MAJORITY? 106 1.3
TO WHAT EXTENT CAN THEY BE MODIFIED BY THE ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION? 107
2. INFLUENCE ON THE DECISION-MAKING PROCESS 108 2.1 DO MINORITY
SHAREHOLDERS HAVE THE RIGHT TO CALL A SHAREHOLDERS MEETING? 108 2.2 DO
THEY HAVE THE RIGHT TO PUT MATTERS ON THE AGENDA? 109 3. RIGHTS OF
INFORMATION, INDEPENDENT AUDITING AND SUPERVISION 109 3.1 TO WHAT EXTENT
DO THE (MINORITY) SHAREHOLDERS HAVE A RIGHT TO BE INFORMED ON COMPANY
MATTERS? 109 3.2 DO THEY HAVE THE RIGHT TO DEMAND INDEPENDENT AUDITING
OR TO INITIATE THE SUPERVISION OF COMPANY MATTERS BY AN INDEPENDENT
INSTITUTION? 110 4. CAPITAL INCREASES AND DISTRIBUTIONS 111 4.1 TO WHAT
EXTENT DO (MINORITY) SHAREHOLDERS HAVE THE RIGHT TO PARTICIPATE IN
CAPITAL INCREASES? 111 4.2 DO MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS HAVE THE RIGHT TO
DEMAND DIVIDENDS OR OTHER DISTRIBUTIONS? 112 5. DERIVATIVE ACTIONS 112
5.1 CAN (MINORITY) SHAREHOLDERS ENFORCE RIGHTS THAT THE COMPANY HAS
AGAINST OTHER SHAREHOLDERS, DIRECTORS, OR THIRD PARTIES? 112 5.1.1 ULTRA
VIRES AND ILLEGAL ACTS 113 5.1.2 TRANSACTIONS WHICH MUST BE RATIFIED BY
MORE THAN A SIMPLE MAJORITY 113 5.1.3 FRAUD ON A MINORITY BY THOSE IN
CONTROL 113 5.1.3.1 CONTROL 114 5.1.3.2 FRAUD 114 6. OTHER FORMAL
RIGHTS 114 6.1 DO MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS HAVE ANY OTHER SPECIFIC RIGHTS
COMPARABLE TO THOSE MENTIONED IN 2-5 ABOVE? 114 7. EXTENSION OF THESE
RIGHTS BY STATUTE OR SHAREHOLDERS AGREEMENTS 116 7.1 CAN THE ARTICLES
OF ASSOCIATION PROVIDE FOR ADDITIONAL RIGHTS OF THE MINORITY
SHAREHOLDERS? IF NOT, CAN SUCH RIGHTS BE PROVIDED FOR IN SHAREHOLDERS
AGREEMENTS? ARE THESE OPTIONS COMMONLY USED? 116 8. REMEDIES WHERE A
SHAREHOLDERS RESOLUTION OR OTHER ACTION IMPAIRS THE RIGHTS OF MINORITY
SHAREHOLDERS 116 8.1 WHAT ARE THE REQUIREMENTS FOR SUCH REMEDIES? 116
XIV CONTENTS 8.2 WHEN DO THE COURTS OF YOUR COUNTRY ACCEPT THESE
REQUIREMENTS? 117 8.2.1 OPPRESSION 117 8.2.2 DISREGARDING
MEMBERS INTERESTS 118 8.3 WHAT REMEDIES ARE AVAILABLE TO THE CLAIMANT?
118 9. SPECIFIC PROTECTION IF THE COMPANY IS CONTROLLED BY ANOTHER
COMPANY 120 9.1 WHAT ARE THE RIGHTS AND REMEDIES OF A SHAREHOLDER OF
COMPANY A IF COMPANY B GAINS CONTROL OVER IT (BY ACQUIRING THE MAJORITY
OF ITS SHARES OR OTHERWISE)? 120 9.2 WHAT ARE THE RIGHTS AND REMEDIES OF
THE SHAREHOLDER WHEN COMPANY B EXERTS ITS CONTROL OVER COMPANY A IN A
WAY WHICH DAMAGES THE INTERESTS OF THE LATTER? 121 ITALY 123 MASSIMO
AUDISIO 1. MAJORITY REQUIREMENTS FOR SHAREHOLDERS RESOLUTIONS 125 1.1
WHAT ARE THE MAJORITY REQUIREMENTS IN GENERAL? 125 1.2 WHICH RESOLUTIONS
REQUIRE A GREATER MAJORITY? 126 1.3 TO WHAT EXTENT CAN THEY BE MODIFIED
BY THE ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION? 126 2. INFLUENCE ON THE DECISION-MAKING
PROCESS 126 2.1 DO MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS HAVE THE RIGHT TO CALL A
SHAREHOLDERS MEETING? 126 2.2 DO THEY HAVE THE RIGHT TO PUT MATTERS ON
THE AGENDA? 126 3. RIGHTS OF INFORMATION, INDEPENDENT AUDITING AND
SUPERVISION 127 3.1 TO WHAT EXTENT DO THE (MINORITY) SHAREHOLDERS HAVE A
RIGHT TO BE INFORMED ON COMPANY MATTERS? 127 3.2 DO THEY HAVE THE RIGHT
TO DEMAND INDEPENDENT AUDITING OR TO INITIATE THE SUPERVISION OF COMPANY
MATTERS BY AN INDEPENDENT INSTITUTION? 128 4. CAPITAL INCREASES AND
DISTRIBUTIONS 130 4.1 TO WHAT EXTENT DO (MINORITY) SHAREHOLDERS HAVE THE
RIGHT TO PARTICIPATE IN CAPITAL INCREASES? 130 4.2 DO MINORITY
SHAREHOLDERS HAVE THE RIGHT TO DEMAND DIVIDENDS OR OTHER DISTRIBUTIONS?
131 5. DERIVATIVE ACTIONS 132 5.1 CAN (MINORITY) SHAREHOLDERS ENFORCE
RIGHTS THAT THE COMPANY HAS AGAINST OTHER SHAREHOLDERS, DIRECTORS, OR
THIRD PARTIES? 132 6. OTHER FORMAL RIGHTS 133 6.1 DO MINORITY
SHAREHOLDERS HAVE ANY OTHER SPECIFIC RIGHTS COMPARABLE TO THOSE
MENTIONED IN 2*5 ABOVE? 133 CONTENTS XV 7. EXTENSION OF THESE RIGHTS BY
STATUTE OR SHAREHOLDERS AGREEMENTS 133 7.1 CAN THE ARTICLES OF
ASSOCIATION PROVIDE FOR ADDITIONAL RIGHTS IF THE MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS?
IF NOT, CAN SUCH RIGHTS BE PROVIDED FOR IN SHAREHOLDERS AGREEMENTS? ARE
THESE OPTIONS COMMONLY USED? 133 8. REMEDIES WHERE A SHAREHOLDERS
RESOLUTION OR OTHER ACTION IMPAIRS THE RIGHTS OF MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS
135 8.1 WHAT ARE THE REQUIREMENTS FOR SUCH REMEDIES? 135 8.2 WHEN DO THE
COURTS OF YOUR COUNTRY ACCEPT THESE REQUIREMENTS? 135 8.3 WHAT REMEDIES
ARE AVAILABLE TO THE CLAIMANT? 136 9. SPECIFIC PROTECTION IF THE COMPANY
IS CONTROLLED BY ANOTHER COMPANY 136 9.1 WHAT ARE THE RIGHTS AND
REMEDIES OF A SHAREHOLDER OF COMPANY A IF COMPANY B GAINS CONTROL OVER
IT (BY ACQUIRING THE MAJORITY OF ITS SHARES OR OTHERWISE)? 136 9.2 WHAT
ARE HIS RIGHTS AND REMEDIES WHEN COMPANY B EXERTS ITS CONTROL OVER
COMPANY A IN A WAY WHICH DAMAGES THE INTERESTS OF THE LATTER? 136
LUXEMBOURG 137 PIERRE SCHLEIMER INTRODUCTION 139 1. MAJORITY
REQUIREMENTS FOR SHAREHOLDERS RESOLUTIONS 140 1.1 WHAT ARE THE MAJORITY
REQUIREMENTS IN GENERAL? 140 1.2 WHICH RESOLUTIONS REQUIRE A GREATER
MAJORITY? 140 1.3 TO WHAT EXTENT CAN THEY BE MODIFIED BY THE ARTICLES OF
ASSOCIATION? 141 2. INFLUENCE ON THE DECISION-MAKING PROCESS 142 2.1 DO
MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS HAVE THE RIGHT TO CALL A SHAREHOLDERS MEETING?
142 2.2 DO THEY HAVE THE RIGHT TO PUT MATTERS ON THE AGENDA? 143 3.
RIGHTS OF INFORMATION, INDEPENDENT AUDITING AND SUPERVISION 143 3.1 TO
WHAT EXTENT DO THE (MINORITY) SHAREHOLDERS HAVE A RIGHT TO BE INFORMED
ON COMPANY MATTERS? 143 3.2 DO THEY HAVE THE RIGHT TO DEMAND INDEPENDENT
AUDITING OR TO INITIATE THE SUPERVISION OF COMPANY MATTERS BY AN
INDEPENDENT INSTITUTION? 144 4. CAPITAL INCREASES AND DISTRIBUTIONS 145
4.1 TO WHAT EXTENT DO (MINORITY) SHAREHOLDERS HAVE THE RIGHT TO
PARTICIPATE IN A CAPITAL INCREASE? 145 4.2 DO MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS HAVE
THE RIGHT TO DEMAND DIVIDENDS OR OTHER DISTRIBUTIONS? 145 XVI CONTENTS
5. DERIVATIVE ACTIONS 146 5.1 CAN (MINORITY) SHAREHOLDERS ENFORCE RIGHTS
THAT THE COMPANY HAS AGAINST OTHER SHAREHOLDERS, DIRECTORS, OR THIRD
PARTIES? 146 6. OTHER FORMAL RIGHTS 147 6.1 DO MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS
HAVE ANY OTHER SPECIFIC RIGHTS COMPARABLE TO THOSE MENTIONED IN 2-5
ABOVE? 147 7. EXTENSION OF THESE RIGHTS BY STATUTE OR SHAREHOLDERS
AGREEMENTS 148 7.1 CAN THE ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION PROVIDE FOR
ADDITIONAL RIGHTS OF THE MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS? IF NOT, CAN SUCH RIGHTS
BE PROVIDED FOR IN SHAREHOLDERS AGREEMENTS? ARE THESE OPTIONS COMMONLY
USED? 148 8. REMEDIES WHERE A SHAREHOLDERS RESOLUTION OR OTHER ACTION
IMPAIRS THE RIGHTS OF MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS 149 8.1 WHAT REMEDIES ARE
AVAILABLE TO THE CLAIMANT? 149 8.1.1 MAIN ACTIONS 149 8.1.2 SUMMARY
ACTIONS 149 8.2 WHAT ARE THE REQUIREMENTS FOR SUCH REMEDIES? 150 8.2.1
MAIN PROCEEDINGS 150 8.2.2 SUMMARY PROCEEDINGS 151 8.3 WHEN DO THE
COURTS OF YOUR COUNTRY ACCEPT THESE REQUIREMENTS? 152 8.3.1 MAIN ACTIONS
152 8.3.2 SUMMARY ACTIONS 153 9. SPECIFIC PROTECTION IF THE COMPANY IS
CONTROLLED BY ANOTHER COMPANY 153 9.1 WHAT ARE THE RIGHTS AND REMEDIES
OF A SHAREHOLDER OF COMPANY A IF COMPANY B GAINS CONTROL OVER IT (BY
ACQUIRING THE MAJORITY OF ITS SHARES OR OTHERWISE)? 153 9.2 WHAT ARE THE
SHAREHOLDER S RIGHTS AND REMEDIES WHEN COMPANY B EXERTS ITS CONTROL OVER
COMPANY A IN A WAY WHICH DAMAGES THE INTERESTS OF THE LATTER? 153
NETHERLANDS 155 ANITA DE JONG, PAUL W. J. COENEN 1. MAJORITY
REQUIREMENTS FOR SHAREHOLDERS RESOLUTIONS 157 1.1 WHAT ARE THE MAJORITY
REQUIREMENTS IN GENERAL? 157 1.2 WHAT RESOLUTIONS REQUIRE A GREATER
MAJORITY? 158 1.3 TO WHAT EXTENT CAN THEY BE MODIFIED BY THE ARTICLES OF
ASSOCIATION? 158 CONTENTS XVII 2. INFLUENCE ON THE DECISION-MAKING
PROCESS 159 2.1 DO MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS HAVE THE RIGHT TO CALL A
SHAREHOLDERS MEETING? 159 2.2 DO THEY HAVE THE RIGHT TO PUT MATTERS ON
THE AGENDA? 159 3. RIGHTS OF INFORMATION, INDEPENDENT AUDITING AND
SUPERVISION 160 3.1 TO WHAT EXTENT DO THE (MINORITY) SHAREHOLDERS HAVE A
RIGHT TO BE INFORMED ON COMPANY MATTERS? 160 3.2 DO THEY HAVE THE RIGHT
TO DEMAND INDEPENDENT AUDITING OR TO INITIATE THE SUPERVISION OF COMPANY
MATTERS BY AN INDEPENDENT INSTITUTION? 160 4. CAPITAL INCREASES AND
DISTRIBUTIONS 161 4.1 TO WHAT EXTENT DO (MINORITY) SHAREHOLDERS HAVE THE
RIGHT TO PARTICIPATE IN CAPITAL INCREASES? 161 4.2 DO MINORITY
SHAREHOLDERS HAVE THE RIGHT TO DEMAND DIVIDENDS OR OTHER DISTRIBUTIONS?
162 5. DERIVATIVE ACTIONS 162 5.1 CAN (MINORITY) SHAREHOLDERS ENFORCE
RIGHTS THAT THE COMPANY HAS AGAINST OTHER SHAREHOLDERS, DIRECTORS, OR
THIRD PARTIES? 162 6. OTHER FORMAL RIGHTS 163 6.1 DO MINORITY
SHAREHOLDERS HAVE ANY OTHER SPECIFIC RIGHTS COMPARABLE TO THOSE
MENTIONED IN 2-5 ABOVE? 163 6.1.1 OTHER FORMAL RIGHTS OF MINORITY
SHAREHOLDERS 163 6.1.1.1 SUSPENSION AND REMOVAL OF SUPERVISORY DIRECTORS
163 6.1.1.2 DISPUTE RULES 163 6.1.2 MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS BUY-OUT RULES
164 7. EXTENSION OF THESE RIGHTS BY STATUTE OR SHAREHOLDERS AGREEMENTS
165 7.1 CAN THE ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION PROVIDE FOR ADDITIONAL RIGHTS OF
THE MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS? IF NOT, CAN SUCH RIGHTS BE PROVIDED FOR IN
SHAREHOLDERS AGREEMENTS? ARE THESE OPTIONS COMMONLY USED? 165 7.1.1
ENHANCED MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS RIGHT UNDER THE ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION
165 7.1.1.1 PRIORITY SHARES 165 7.1.1.2 LETTER SHARES 165 7.1.1.3 RIGHT
TO MAKE A BINDING NOMINATION OF SUPERVISORY DIRECTORS 166 7.1.2 POOLING
AGREEMENTS 166 8. REMEDIES WHERE A SHAREHOLDERS RESOLUTION OR OTHER
ACTION IMPAIRS THE RIGHTS OF MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS 167 8.1 WHAT ARE THE
REQUIREMENTS FOR SUCH REMEDIES? 167 8.1.1 VOID AND VOIDABLE RESOLUTIONS
167 CONTENTS 8.1.2 CLAIM TO TAKE OVER SHARES 168 8.2 WHEN DO THE COURTS
OF YOUR COUNTRY ACCEPT THESE REQUIREMENTS? 169 8.3 WHAT REMEDIES ARE
AVAILABLE TO THE CLAIMANT? 169 SPECIFIC PROTECTION IF THE COMPANY IS
CONTROLLED BY ANOTHER COMPANY 170 9.1 WHAT ARE THE RIGHTS AND REMEDIES
OF A SHAREHOLDER OF COMPANY A IF COMPANY B GAINS CONTROL OVER IT (BY
ACQUIRING THE MAJORITY OF ITS SHARES OR OTHERWISE)? 170 9.1.1
TRANSFERABILITY RESTRICTIONS 170 9.1.1.1 APPROVAL SYSTEM 170 9.1.1.2
OFFER SYSTEM (RIGHT OF FIRST REFUSAL) 170 9.1.1.3 PRACTICE 171 9.1.1.4
THE PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANY 171 9.1.2 OLIGARCHICAL CLAUSES 171 9.1.2.1
ISSUING PREFERRED SHARES IN A FRIENDLY CORPORATION 171 9.1.2.2
DEPOSITARY RECEIPTS OF SHARES 172 9.1.2.3 HOLDING STRUCTURE 172 9.2 WHAT
ARE THE SHAREHOLDER S RIGHTS AND REMEDIES WHEN COMPANY B EXERTS ITS
CONTROL OVER COMPANY A IN A WAY WHICH DAMAGES THE INTERESTS OF THE
LATTER? 172 PORTUGAL 173 MIGUEL DE AVILLEZ PEREIRA INTRODUCTION 175
BASIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SA 176 BASIC CHARACTERISTICS OF AN LDA 176
1. MAJORITY REQUIREMENTS FOR SHAREHOLDERS RESOLUTIONS 176 1.1 WHAT ARE
THE MAJORITY REQUIREMENTS IN GENERAL? 176 1.2 WHICH RESOLUTIONS REQUIRE
A GREATER MAJORITY? 177 1.3 TO WHAT EXTENT CAN THEY BE MODIFIED BY THE
ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION? 177 2. INFLUENCE ON THE DECISION-MAKING PROCESS
178 2.1 DO MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS HAVE THE RIGHT TO CALL A SHAREHOLDERS
MEETING? 178 2.2 DO THEY HAVE THE RIGHT TO PUT MATTERS ON THE AGENDA?
178 3. RIGHTS OF INFORMATION, INDEPENDENT AUDITING AND SUPERVISION 178
3.1 TO WHAT EXTENT DO THE (MINORITY) SHAREHOLDERS HAVE A RIGHT TO BE
INFORMED ON COMPANY MATTERS? 178 3.2 DO THEY HAVE THE RIGHT TO DEMAND
INDEPENDENT AUDITING OR TO INITIATE THE SUPERVISION OF COMPANY MATTERS
BY AN INDEPENDENT INSTITUTION? 179 CONTENTS XIX 4. CAPITAL INCREASES AND
DISTRIBUTIONS 180 4.1 TO WHAT EXTENT DO (MINORITY) SHAREHOLDERS HAVE THE
RIGHT TO PARTICIPATE IN CAPITAL INCREASES? 180 4.2 DO MINORITY
SHAREHOLDERS HAVE THE RIGHT TO DEMAND DIVIDENDS OR OTHER DISTRIBUTIONS?
180 5. DERIVATIVE ACTIONS 181 5.1 CAN (MINORITY) SHAREHOLDERS ENFORCE
RIGHTS THAT THE COMPANY HAS AGAINST OTHER SHAREHOLDERS, DIRECTORS, OR
THIRD PARTIES? 181 6. OTHER FORMAL RIGHTS 181 6.1 DO MINORITY
SHAREHOLDERS HAVE ANY OTHER SPECIFIC RIGHTS COMPARABLE TO THOSE
MENTIONED IN 2*5 ABOVE? 181 7. EXTENSIONS OF THESE RIGHTS BY STATUTE OR
SHAREHOLDERS AGREEMENTS 182 7.1 CAN THE ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION PROVIDE
FOR ADDITIONAL RIGHTS FOR MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS? IF NOT, CAN SUCH RIGHTS
BE PROVIDED FOR IN SHAREHOLDERS AGREEMENTS? ARE THESE OPTIONS COMMONLY
USED? 182 8. REMEDIES WHERE A SHAREHOLDERS RESOLUTION OR OTHER ACTION
IMPAIRS THE RIGHTS OF MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS 183 8.1 WHAT ARE THE
REQUIREMENTS FOR SUCH REMEDIES? 183 8.2 WHEN DO THE COURTS OF YOUR
COUNTRY ACCEPT THESE REQUIREMENTS? 185 8.3 WHAT REMEDIES ARE AVAILABLE
TO THE CLAIMANT? * 186 9. SPECIFIC PROTECTION IF THE COMPANY IS
CONTROLLED BY ANOTHER COMPANY 187 9.1 WHAT ARE THE RIGHTS AND REMEDIES
OF A SHAREHOLDER OF COMPANY A IF COMPANY B GAINS CONTROL OVER IT (BY
ACQUIRING THE MAJORITY OF ITS SHARES OR OTHERWISE)? 187 9.2 WHAT ARE THE
SHAREHOLDER S RIGHTS AND REMEDIES WHEN COMPANY B EXERTS ITS CONTROL OVER
COMPANY A IN A WAY WHICH DAMAGES THE INTERESTS OF THE LATTER? 188 SPAIN
COLOMA ARMERO MONTES 1. MAJORITY REQUIREMENTS FOR SHAREHOLDERS
RESOLUTIONS 1.1 WHAT ARE THE MAJORITY REQUIREMENTS IN GENERAL? 1.2 WHAT
RESOLUTIONS REQUIRE A GREATER MAJORITY? 1.2.1 SA 1.2.1.1 ADDITIONAL
ATTENDANCE QUORUM FOR GENERAL MEETINGS 1.2.1.2 INCREASED MAJORITY OF
VOTES 1.2.1.3 OTHER MAJORITIES 191 193 193 194 194 194 194 194 XX
CONTENTS 1.2.2 SL 195 1.2.2.1 INCREASED MAJORITY OF VOTES 195 1.2.2.2
OTHER MAJORITIES 195 1.3 TO WHAT EXTENT CAN THEY BE MODIFIED BY THE
ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION? 196 2. INFLUENCE ON THE DECISION-MAKING PROCESS
196 2.1 DO MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS HAVE THE RIGHT TO CALL A SHAREHOLDERS
MEETING? 196 2.2 DO THEY HAVE THE RIGHT TO PUT MATTERS ON THE AGENDA?
197 3. RIGHTS OF INFORMATION, INDEPENDENT AUDITING AND SUPERVISION 197
3.1 TO WHAT EXTENT DO THE (MINORITY) SHAREHOLDERS HAVE A RIGHT TO BE
INFORMED ON COMPANY MATTERS? 197 3.2 DO THEY HAVE THE RIGHT TO DEMAND
INDEPENDENT AUDITING OR TO INITIATE THE SUPERVISION OF COMPANY MATTERS
BY AN INDEPENDENT INSTITUTION? 198 4. CAPITAL INCREASES AND
DISTRIBUTIONS 198 4.1 TO WHAT EXTENT DO (MINORITY) SHAREHOLDERS HAVE THE
RIGHT TO PARTICIPATE IN CAPITAL INCREASES? 198 4.2 DO MINORITY
SHAREHOLDERS HAVE THE RIGHT TO DEMAND DIVIDENDS OR OTHER DISTRIBUTIONS?
199 5. DERIVATIVE ACTIONS 199 5.1 CAN (MINORITY) SHAREHOLDERS ENFORCE
RIGHTS THAT THE COMPANY HAS AGAINST OTHER SHAREHOLDERS, DIRECTORS, OR
THIRD PARTIES? 199 6. OTHER FORMAL RIGHTS 200 6.1 DO MINORITY
SHAREHOLDERS HAVE ANY OTHER SPECIFIC RIGHTS COMPARABLE TO THOSE
MENTIONED IN 2-5 ABOVE? 200 7. EXTENSION OF THESE RIGHTS BY STATUTE OR
SHAREHOLDERS AGREEMENTS 201 7.1 CAN THE ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION PROVIDE
FOR ADDITIONAL RIGHTS OF THE MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS? IF NOT, CAN SUCH
RIGHTS BE PROVIDED FOR IN SHAREHOLDERS AGREEMENTS? ARE THESE OPTIONS
COMMONLY USED? 201 8. REMEDIES WHERE A SHAREHOLDERS RESOLUTION OR OTHER
ACTION IMPAIRS THE RIGHTS OF MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS 201 8.1 WHAT ARE THE
REQUIREMENTS FOR SUCH REMEDIES? 201 8.1.1 JUDICIAL PROCEEDINGS 202 8.1.2
SEPARATION 203 8.2 WHEN DO THE COURTS OF YOUR COUNTRY ACCEPT THESE
REQUIREMENTS? 203 8.2.1 JUDICIAL PROCEEDINGS 203 8.3 WHAT REMEDIES ARE
AVAILABLE TO THE CLAIMANT? 204 9. SPECIFIC PROTECTION IF THE COMPANY IS
CONTROLLED BY ANOTHER COMPANY 204 9.1 WHAT ARE THE RIGHTS AND REMEDIES
OF A SHAREHOLDER OF COMPANY A IF COMPANY B GAINS CONTROL OVER IT (BY
ACQUIRING THE MAJORITY OF ITS SHARES OR OTHERWISE)? 204 CONTENTS 9.2
WHAT ARE THE SHAREHOLDER S RIGHTS AND REMEDIES WHEN COMPANY B EXERTS ITS
CONTROL OVER COMPANY A IN A WAY WHICH DAMAGES THE INTERESTS OF THE
LATTER? 205 SWEDEN 207 HANS RAMBERG INTRODUCTION 209 1. MAJORITY
REQUIREMENTS FOR SHAREHOLDERS RESOLUTIONS 209 1.1 WHAT ARE THE MAJORITY
REQUIREMENTS IN GENERAL? 209 1.2 WHICH RESOLUTIONS REQUIRE A GREATER
MAJORITY? 210 1.2.1 MINOR AMENDMENTS IN THE ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION 210
1.2.2 EXTENSIVE AMENDMENTS IN THE ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION 210 1.3 TO
WHAT EXTENT CAN THEY BE MODIFIED BY THE ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION? 211 2.
INFLUENCE ON THE DECISION-MAKING PROCESS 211 2.1 DO MINORITY
SHAREHOLDERS HAVE THE RIGHT TO CALL A SHAREHOLDERS MEETING? 211 2.2 DO
THEY HAVE THE RIGHT TO PUT MATTERS ON THE AGENDA? 212 3. RIGHTS OF
INFORMATION, INDEPENDENT AUDITING AND SUPERVISION 212 3.1 TO WHAT EXTENT
DO THE (MINORITY) SHAREHOLDERS HAVE A RIGHT TO BE INFORMED ON COMPANY
MATTERS? 212 3.2 DO THEY HAVE THE RIGHT TO DEMAND INDEPENDENT AUDITING
OR TO INITIATE THE SUPERVISION OF COMPANY MATTERS BY AN INDEPENDENT
INSTITUTION? 213 4. CAPITAL INCREASES AND DISTRIBUTIONS 214 4.1 TO WHAT
EXTENT DO (MINORITY) SHAREHOLDERS HAVE THE RIGHT TO PARTICIPATE IN
CAPITAL INCREASES? 214 4.2 DO MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS HAVE THE RIGHT TO
DEMAND DIVIDENDS OR OTHER DISTRIBUTIONS? 214 5. DERIVATIVE ACTIONS 214
5.1 CAN (MINORITY) SHAREHOLDERS ENFORCE RIGHTS THAT THE COMPANY HAS
AGAINST OTHER SHAREHOLDERS, DIRECTORS, OR THIRD PARTIES? 214 6. OTHER
FORMAL RIGHTS 216 6.1 DO MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS HAVE ANY OTHER SPECIFIC
RIGHTS COMPARABLE TO THOSE MENTIONED IN 2*5 ABOVE? 216 7. EXTENSION OF
THESE RIGHTS BY STATUTE OR SHAREHOLDERS AGREEMENTS 216 7.1 CAN THE
ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION PROVIDE FOR ADDITIONAL RIGHTS OF THE MINORITY
SHAREHOLDERS? IF NOT, CAN SUCH RIGHTS BE PROVIDED FOR IN SHAREHOLDERS
AGREEMENTS? ARE THESE OPTIONS COMMONLY USED? 216 XX II CONTENTS 7.1.1
ADDITIONAL RIGHTS IN THE ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION 216 7.1.2 ADDITIONAL
RIGHTS IN A SHAREHOLDERS AGREEMENT 217 8. REMEDIES WHERE A
SHAREHOLDERS RESOLUTION OR OTHER ACTION IMPAIRS THE RIGHTS OF MINORITY
SHAREHOLDERS 218 8.1 WHAT ARE THE REQUIREMENTS FOR SUCH REMEDIES? 218
8.2 WHEN DO THE COURTS OF YOUR COUNTRY ACCEPT THESE REQUIREMENTS? 218
8.3 WHAT REMEDIES ARE AVAILABLE TO THE CLAIMANT? 218 9. SPECIFIC
PROTECTION IF A COMPANY IS CONTROLLED BY ANOTHER COMPANY 219 9.1 WHAT
ARE THE RIGHTS AND REMEDIES OF A SHAREHOLDER OF COMPANY A IF COMPANY B
GAINS CONTROL OVER IT (BY ACQUIRING THE MAJORITY OF ITS SHARES OR
OTHERWISE)? 219 9.2 WHAT ARE THE SHAREHOLDER S RIGHTS AND REMEDIES WHEN
COMPANY B EXERTS ITS CONTROL OVER COMPANY A IN A WAY WHICH DAMAGES THE
INTERESTS OF THE LATTER? 220 SWITZERLAND 221 FELIX R. EHRAT BACKGROUND
INFORMATION 223 BASIC OBJECTIVES OF THE REFORM 224 UNIFORM SET OF RULES
225 OTHER SOURCES OF THE LAW 225 1. MAJORITY REQUIREMENTS FOR
SHAREHOLDERS RESOLUTIONS 225 1.1 WHAT ARE THE MAJORITY REQUIREMENTS IN
GENERAL? 225 1.2 WHICH RESOLUTIONS REQUIRE A GREATER MAJORITY? 226 1.3
TO WHAT EXTENT CAN THEY BE MODIFIED BY THE ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION? 226
2. INFLUENCE ON THE DECISION-MAKING PROCESS 227 2.1 DO MINORITY
SHAREHOLDERS HAVE THE RIGHT TO CALL A SHAREHOLDERS MEETING? 227 2.2 DO
THEY HAVE THE RIGHT TO PUT MATTERS ON THE AGENDA? 227 3. RIGHTS OF
INFORMATION, INDEPENDENT AUDITING AND SUPERVISION 228 3.1 TO WHAT EXTENT
DO THE (MINORITY) SHAREHOLDERS HAVE A RIGHT TO BE INFORMED ON COMPANY
MATTERS? 228 3.1.1 ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENT 228 3.1.2 ANNUAL REPORT OF
THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS 228 3.1.3 CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENT 229
3.1.4 DISCLOSURE OF BUSINESS REGULATIONS 229 3.1.5 ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION RIGHTS 229 3.2 DO THEY HAVE THE RIGHT TO DEMAND INDEPENDENT
AUDITING OR TO INITIATE THE SUPERVISION OF COMPANY MATTERS BY AN
INDEPENDENT INSTITUTION? 230 4. CAPITAL INCREASES AND DISTRIBUTIONS 231
CONTENTS XXIII 4.1 TO WHAT EXTENT DO (MINORITY) SHAREHOLDERS HAVE THE
RIGHT TO PARTICIPATE IN CAPITAL INCREASES? 231 4.2 DO MINORITY
SHAREHOLDERS HAVE THE RIGHT TO DEMAND DIVIDENDS OR OTHER DISTRIBUTIONS?
* 232 5. DERIVATIVE ACTIONS 232 5.1 CAN (MINORITY) SHAREHOLDERS ENFORCE
RIGHTS THAT THE COMPANY HAS AGAINST OTHER SHAREHOLDERS, DIRECTORS, OR
THIRD PARTIES? 232 6. OTHER FORMAL RIGHTS 233 6.1 DO MINORITY
SHAREHOLDERS HAVE ANY OTHER SPECIFIC RIGHTS COMPARABLE TO THOSE
MENTIONED IN 2*5 ABOVE? 233 7. EXTENSION OF THESE RIGHTS BY STATUTE OR
SHAREHOLDERS AGREEMENTS 234 7.1 CAN THE ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION PROVIDE
FOR ADDITIONAL RIGHTS OF THE MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS? IF NOT, CAN SUCH
RIGHTS BE PROVIDED FOR IN SHAREHOLDERS AGREEMENTS? ARE THESE OPTIONS
COMMONLY USED? 234 8. REMEDIES WHERE A SHAREHOLDERS RESOLUTION OR OTHER
ACTION IMPAIRS THE RIGHTS OF MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS 234 8.1 WHAT ARE THE
REQUIREMENTS FOR SUCH REMEDIES? 234 8.2 WHEN DO THE COURTS OF YOUR
COUNTRY ACCEPT THESE REQUIREMENTS? 235 8.3 WHAT REMEDIES ARE AVAILABLE
TO THE CLAIMANT? 235 9. SPECIFIC PROTECTION IF THE COMPANY IS CONTROLLED
BY ANOTHER COMPANY 236 9.1 WHAT ARE THE RIGHTS AND REMEDIES OF A
SHAREHOLDER OF COMPANY A IF COMPANY B GAINS CONTROL OVER IT (BY
ACQUIRING THE MAJORITY OF ITS SHARES OR OTHERWISE)? 236 9.2 WHAT ARE HIS
RIGHTS AND REMEDIES WHEN COMPANY B EXERTS ITS CONTROL OVER COMPANY A IN
A WAY WHICH DAMAGES THE INTERESTS OF THE LATTER? 237 OUTLOOKRTHE NEW
FEDERAL LAW ON STOCK EXCHANGES AND ON SECURITIES TRADING OF 24 MARCH
1995 237 CONCLUDING REMARKS 238 SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY 238 UNITED KINGDOM
241 ANDREW P. JOHNSTONE 1. MAJORITY REQUIREMENTS FOR
SHAREHOLDERS RESOLUTIONS 243 1.1 WHAT ARE THE MAJORITY REQUIREMENTS IN
GENERAL? 243 1.2 WHICH RESOLUTIONS REQUIRE A GREATER MAJORITY? 244 1.3
TO WHAT EXTENT CAN THEY BE MODIFIED BY THE ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION? 244
XXIV CONTENTS 2. INFLUENCE ON THE DECISION-MAKING PROCESS 245 2.1 DO
MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS HAVE THE RIGHT TO CALL A SHAREHOLDERS MEETING?
245 2.2 DO THEY HAVE THE RIGHT TO PUT MATTERS ON THE AGENDA? 245 3.
RIGHTS OF INFORMATION, INDEPENDENT AUDITING AND SUPERVISION 246 3.1 TO
WHAT EXTENT DO THE (MINORITY) SHAREHOLDERS HAVE A RIGHT TO BE INFORMED
ON COMPANY MATTERS? 246 3.2 DO THEY HAVE THE RIGHT TO DEMAND INDEPENDENT
AUDITING OR TO INITIATE THE SUPERVISION OF COMPANY MATTERS BY AN
INDEPENDENT INSTITUTION? 246 4. CAPITAL INCREASES AND DISTRIBUTIONS 247
4.1 TO WHAT EXTENT DO (MINORITY) SHAREHOLDERS HAVE THE RIGHT TO
PARTICIPATE IN CAPITAL INCREASES? 247 4.2 DO MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS HAVE
THE RIGHT TO DEMAND DIVIDENDS OR OTHER DISTRIBUTIONS? 248 5. DERIVATIVE
ACTIONS 248 5.1 CAN (MINORITY) SHAREHOLDERS ENFORCE RIGHTS THAT THE
COMPANY HAS AGAINST OTHER SHAREHOLDERS, DIRECTORS, OR THIRD PARTIES? 248
6. OTHER FORMAL RIGHTS 249 6.1 DO MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS HAVE ANY OTHER
SPECIFIC RIGHTS COMPARABLE TO THOSE MENTIONED IN 2*5 ABOVE? 249 7.
EXTENSION OF THESE RIGHTS BY STATUTE OR SHAREHOLDERS AGREEMENTS 251 7.1
CAN THE ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION PROVIDE FOR ADDITIONAL RIGHTS OF THE
MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS? IF NOT, CAN SUCH RIGHTS BE PROVIDED FOR IN
SHAREHOLDERS AGREEMENTS? ARE THESE OPTIONS COMMONLY USED? 251 8.
REMEDIES WHERE A SHAREHOLDERS RESOLUTION OR OTHER ACTION IMPAIRS THE
RIGHTS OF MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS 252 8.1 WHAT ARE THE REQUIREMENTS FOR
SUCH REMEDIES? 252 8.2 WHEN DO THE COURTS OF YOUR COUNTRY ACCEPT THESE
REQUIREMENTS? 252 8.3 WHAT REMEDIES ARE AVAILABLE TO THE CLAIMANT? 253
8.3.1 DISCRETION OF THE COURT 253 8.3.2 PURCHASE OF SHARES 254 8.3.3
WINDING UP 254 9. SPECIFIC PROTECTION IF THE COMPANY IS CONTROLLED BY
ANOTHER COMPANY 256 9.1 WHAT ARE THE RIGHTS AND REMEDIES OF A
SHAREHOLDER OF COMPANY A IF COMPANY B GAINS CONTROL OVER IT (BY
ACQUIRING THE MAJORITY OF ITS SHARES OR OTHERWISE)? 256 9.2 WHAT ARE THE
SHAREHOLDER S RIGHTS AND REMEDIES WHEN COMPANY B EXERTS ITS CONTROL OVER
COMPANY A IN A WAY WHICH DAMAGES THE INTERESTS OF THE LATTER? 257
CONTENTS XXV UNITED STATES 259 CATHERINE HABERMEHL, DAVID R. KOEPSELL
INTRODUCTION 261 1. MAJORITY REQUIREMENTS FOR SHAREHOLDERS RESOLUTIONS
262 1.1 WHAT ARE THE MAJORITY REQUIREMENTS IN GENERAL? 262 1.2 WHAT
RESOLUTIONS REQUIRE A GREATER MAJORITY? 264 1.3 TO WHAT EXTENT CAN THEY
BE MODIFIED BY THE ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION? 265 2. INFLUENCE ON THE
DECISION-MAKING PROCESS 265 2.1 DO MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS HAVE THE RIGHT
TO CALL A SHAREHOLDERS MEETING? 265 2.2 DO THEY HAVE THE RIGHT TO PUT
MATTERS ON THE AGENDA? 266 3. RIGHTS OF INFORMATION, INDEPENDENT
AUDITING AND SUPERVISION 266 3.1 TO WHAT EXTENT DO THE (MINORITY)
SHAREHOLDERS HAVE A RIGHT TO BE INFORMED ON COMPANY MATTERS? 266 3.2 DO
THEY HAVE THE RIGHT TO DEMAND INDEPENDENT AUDITING OR TO INITIATE THE
SUPERVISION OF COMPANY MATTERS BY AN INDEPENDENT INSTITUTION? 268 4.
CAPITAL INCREASES AND DISTRIBUTIONS 268 4.1 TO WHAT EXTENT DO (MINORITY)
SHAREHOLDERS HAVE THE RIGHT TO PARTICIPATE IN CAPITAL INCREASES? 268 4.2
DO MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS HAVE THE RIGHT TO DEMAND DIVIDENDS OR OTHER
DISTRIBUTIONS? 269 5. DERIVATIVE ACTIONS 269 5.1 CAN (MINORITY)
SHAREHOLDERS ENFORCE RIGHTS THAT THE COMPANY HAS AGAINST OTHER
SHAREHOLDERS, DIRECTORS, OR THIRD PARTIES? 269 6. OTHER FORMAL RIGHTS
271 6.1 DO MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS HAVE ANY OTHER SPECIFIC RIGHTS
COMPARABLE TO THOSE MENTIONED IN 2*5 ABOVE? 271 7. EXTENSION OF THESE
RIGHTS BY STATUTE OR SHAREHOLDERS AGREEMENTS 272 7.1 CAN THE ARTICLES
OF ASSOCIATION PROVIDE FOR ADDITIONAL RIGHTS OF THE MINORITY
SHAREHOLDERS? IF NOT, CAN SUCH RIGHTS BE PROVIDED FOR IN SHAREHOLDERS
AGREEMENTS? ARE THESE OPTIONS COMMONLY USED? 272 8. REMEDIES WHERE A
SHAREHOLDERS RESOLUTION OR OTHER ACTION IMPAIRS THE RIGHTS OF MINORITY
SHAREHOLDERS 273 8.1 WHAT ARE THE REQUIREMENTS FOR SUCH REMEDIES? 273
8.2 WHEN DO THE COURTS OF YOUR COUNTRY ACCEPT THESE REQUIREMENTS? 273
8.3 WHAT REMEDIES ARE AVAILABLE TO THE CLAIMANT? 273 9. SPECIFIC
PROTECTION IF THE COMPANY IS CONTROLLED BY ANOTHER COMPANY 274 9.1 WHAT
ARE THE RIGHTS AND REMEDIES OF A SHAREHOLDER OF COMPANY A IF COMPANY B
GAINS CONTROL OVER IT (BY ACQUIRING THE MAJORITY OF ITS SHARES OR
OTHERWISE)? 274 CONTENTS 9.2 WHAT ARE THE SHAREHOLDER S RIGHTS AND
REMEDIES WHEN COMPANY B EXERTS ITS CONTROL OVER COMPANY A IN A WAY WHICH
DAMAGES THE INTERESTS OF THE LATTER? 275 10. DISSENTERS RIGHTS UNDER THE
MODEL BUSINESS CORPORATION ACT 275 APPENDIX: THE LIMITED LIABILITY
COMPANY 277 ANNEX I: COMPARATIVE TABLES 279 AUSTRIA 280 BELGIUM 284
FINLAND 286 FRANCE 288 GERMANY 290 IRELAND 294 ITALY 296 LUXEMBOURG 298
NETHERLANDS 300 PORTUGAL 304 SPAIN 306 SWEDEN 308 SWITZERLAND 310 UNITED
KINGDOM 312 UNITED STATES 314 ANNEX II: THE ROLE OF THE TAKEOVER PANEL
IN THE UK 317 NOEL P. HINTON 1. THE PANEL 319 2. THE TWIN APPROACH BY
THE CODE 320 3. THE GENERAL PRINCIPLES 320 3.1 SIMILARITY OF TREATMENT
FOR ALL SHAREHOLDERS IN AN OFFER 320 3.2 SUFFICIENT TIME AND INFORMATION
321 3.3 A TRANSPARENT MARKET IN THE RELEVANT SHARES 321 3.4 FRUSTRATING
ACTION BY MANAGEMENT 322 4. THE DECISION-MAKING PROCESS 323 4.1 THE
EXECUTIVE 323 4.2 THE PANEL 324 4.3 THE APPEAL COMMITTEE 324 5. JUDICIAL
REVIEW 325 6. RELATIONSHIPS WITH OTHER REGULATORY BODIES 326 7.
CONCLUSION 326 INDEX 329
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| dewey-full | 346/.0666 |
| dewey-hundreds | 300 - Social sciences |
| dewey-ones | 346 - Private law |
| dewey-raw | 346/.0666 |
| dewey-search | 346/.0666 |
| dewey-sort | 3346 3666 |
| dewey-tens | 340 - Law |
| discipline | Rechtswissenschaft |
| edition | 1. publ. |
| format | Book |
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| geographic | Europa USA |
| geographic_facet | Europa USA |
| id | DE-604.BV011774293 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T18:15:32Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9041106618 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-007946138 |
| oclc_num | 36917066 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-739 DE-12 DE-188 |
| owner_facet | DE-739 DE-12 DE-188 |
| physical | XL, 341 S. |
| publishDate | 1997 |
| publishDateSearch | 1997 |
| publishDateSort | 1997 |
| publisher | Kluwer Law Internat. [u.a.] |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | AIJA law library |
| spelling | Protection of minority shareholders vol. ed. Matthias W. Stecher 1. publ. London [u.a.] Kluwer Law Internat. [u.a.] 1997 XL, 341 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier AIJA law library Minderheidsaandeelhouders gtt Rechtsbescherming gtt Minority stockholders Europe Minority stockholders United States Rechtsschutz (DE-588)4048835-4 gnd rswk-swf Minderheitsaktionär (DE-588)4443989-1 gnd rswk-swf Internationaler Vergleich (DE-588)4120509-1 gnd rswk-swf Europa USA Minderheitsaktionär (DE-588)4443989-1 s Rechtsschutz (DE-588)4048835-4 s Internationaler Vergleich (DE-588)4120509-1 s DE-604 Stecher, Matthias W. Sonstige oth GBV Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=007946138&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Protection of minority shareholders Minderheidsaandeelhouders gtt Rechtsbescherming gtt Minority stockholders Europe Minority stockholders United States Rechtsschutz (DE-588)4048835-4 gnd Minderheitsaktionär (DE-588)4443989-1 gnd Internationaler Vergleich (DE-588)4120509-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4048835-4 (DE-588)4443989-1 (DE-588)4120509-1 |
| title | Protection of minority shareholders |
| title_auth | Protection of minority shareholders |
| title_exact_search | Protection of minority shareholders |
| title_full | Protection of minority shareholders vol. ed. Matthias W. Stecher |
| title_fullStr | Protection of minority shareholders vol. ed. Matthias W. Stecher |
| title_full_unstemmed | Protection of minority shareholders vol. ed. Matthias W. Stecher |
| title_short | Protection of minority shareholders |
| title_sort | protection of minority shareholders |
| topic | Minderheidsaandeelhouders gtt Rechtsbescherming gtt Minority stockholders Europe Minority stockholders United States Rechtsschutz (DE-588)4048835-4 gnd Minderheitsaktionär (DE-588)4443989-1 gnd Internationaler Vergleich (DE-588)4120509-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Minderheidsaandeelhouders Rechtsbescherming Minority stockholders Europe Minority stockholders United States Rechtsschutz Minderheitsaktionär Internationaler Vergleich Europa USA |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=007946138&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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